,d vn~Hkqr thou&dgkuh

Jher Hkxon~xhrk es of.kZr gS fd ^ew<+erh yksx lk/kkj.k ru esa vk, eq> ijekRek dks ugha
igpku ikrsA* igpkus Hkh dSls\ D;ksafd 5000 o’kZ ds fo kky l`f V :ih ukVd esa 84 tUe ysrs&2
lHkh euq’; vkRek,a ifrr o fodkjh cu pqdh gaSA feV~Vh ds leku “kjhj esa eu&cqf) dks yxkrs&2
euq’;kRek,a iRFkj cqf) cu xbZ gSa] ewfNZr gks xbZ gaSA xhrk esas of.kZr gS fd vius fo o :Ik dk n kZu
djkus ds fy, Jhd`’.k us vtZqu dks fnO; p{kq iznku fd,A flQZ ,d vtqZu dh ckr ugha gS] u gh
Jhd`’.k us fdlh jFk ij cSBdj flQZ vtZqu dks laLd`r esa xhrk ds 18 v/;k; lquk, FksA okLro esa
fujkdkj ijefirk f ko fdlh euq’; “kjhj :ih jFk esa cSBdj lHkh iq#’kkFkZ dk vtZu djus okys
vtqZu :ih vkRekvksa dks l`f’V ds vkfn] e/; vkSj var dk jgL; le>krs gSaA ge lcdk firk ijekRek
f ko gSA mlds Kku o vfouk kh lq[k& kkfUr ds olsZ ij ge lcdk gd gSA ;g olkZ gesa nsus ds fy,
Lo;a ijekRek /kjrh ij i/kkj pqds gaS vkSj lk/kkj.k euq’; “kjhj :ih jFk esa cSBdj bZ ojh; Kku o
jkt;ksx dh f k{kk ns jgs gSaA
ijekRek dk ;g dk;Z lu~ 1936&37 eas ikfdLrku dss fla/k gSnjkckn “kgj ls izkjEHk gqvk] tc
ijekRek f ko us ^nknk ys[kjkt^ uked fo[;kr ghjksa ds O;kikjh dks fo’.kq prqHkqZt dk lk{kkRdkj
djk;k( fdUrq os fnO; lk{kkRdkjksa dk vFkZ le> u ik,A mUgksaus vius xq:vksa ls bldk vFkZ iwNk(
fdUrq Hkxoku dh yhyk os D;k le>sa\ mUgksaus nknk ys[kjkt dks okjk.klh ds izdk.M if.Mrksa ls
bldk lek/kku ikus dh lykg nh (fdarq mUgsa ogkW Hkh fujk kk gh gkFk yxhA ogkW Hkh mUgsa lk{kkRdkj
gksrs jgs ftldh rLohjas os xaxk ds ?kkVksa ij cuh nhokjksa ij cukrs jgrs FksA tc dksbZ Hkh mudh
leL;k dk lek/kku u dj ldk rks mUgas vius dydRrk fuoklh Hkkxhnkj dh ;kn vkbZA mudh fu’Bk
]bZekunkjh vkSj gksf k;kjh ls izHkkfor gksdj gh mUgksaus mls vius dydRrk fLFkr ghjksa dh nqdku dh
ftEesokjh lkSaih FkhA vr% os dydRrk x, (fdarq lh/ks Hkkxhnkj dks vius lk{kkRdkjksa dk o.kZu djus
ds LFkku ij mUgksaus mudh iRuh vkSj ,d vU; ekrk dks lquk;kA ml le; T;ksfrfcZUnq f ko us muesa
ls ,d ekrk esa izos k dj ml o.kZu dks lqudj ckn esa Hkkxhnkj dks T;ksa dk R;kas o.kZu fd;kA bl
izdkj lquus&lqukus dh izfdz;k }kjk ijefirk f ko ijekRek us HkfDrekxZ dh uhao Mkyh( fdUrq
Hkkxhnkj Hkh rks lk/kkj.k euq’; gh FkkA og Hkyk Hkxoku dh yhyk dks D;k le>sA vr% rr~{k.k
ijefirk f ko us ml Hkkxhnkj esa izos k dj nknk ys[kjkt dks gq, lk{kkRdkjksa dk vFkZ le>k;k fd
“kh?kz gh iqjkuh nqfu;k¡ dk fouk k vkSj ubZ nqfu;k¡ dh LFkkiuk gksus okyh gSA bl le>us&le>kus dh
izfØ;k }kjk Hkxoku us KkuekxZ dh uhao MkyhA lkFk gh fujkdkj f ko us lkdkj ekr&firk esa izos k
dj rFkk nknk ys[kjkt vkSj efgyk dks Kku :ih tUe nsdj izo`fRRkekxZ dh Hkh uhao MkyhA
Hkxoku }kjk lkdkj :Ik esa LFkkfir ;g ifjokj iqu% dydRrs ls fla/k gSnjkckn vkSj fQj
djkph esa LFkkukUrfjr gqvkA tgk¡ dqN o’kZ rd f ko dk lkdkj ek/;e cuus ds ckn Hkkxhnkj rFkk
ml ekrk o efgyk dk nsgkolku gks x;k vkSj /kjrh ij bZ ojh; dk;Z dh lkjh ftEesokjh
nknk&ys[kjkt ds da/kksa ij vk IkM+h( fdarq mUgksaus rks Hkxoku dk ifjp; ikrs gh viuk ru&eu vkSj
/ku ml ij U;kSNkoj dj fn;k FkkA vr% ijefirk f ko us fo o ifjorZu dk dk;Z nknk ys[kjkt
¼ftudk drZO;okpd uke czãk gS½ ds “kjhj ds }kjk tkjh j[kkA bl chp ;g bZ ojh; ifjokj tks
igys ^vkse eaMyh^ dgykrk Fkk] ns k ds foHkktu ds Ik pkr~ jktLFkku fLFkr ekmaV vkcw esa
LFkkukURkfjr gksus ij ^czg~ekdqekjh bZ ojh; fo ofo|ky;^ dgykus yxkA ;gk¡ ls Hkxoku }kjk
fl[kyk, x, Kku o jkt;ksx dh f k{kk dk ns k&fons k esa izpkj gksus yxkA nknk ys[kjkt mQZ czg~ek
ds }kjk ijefirk ijekRek f ko us vkRek ijekRek o l`f’V ds vkfn] e/; o vURk dk izkjfEHkd ;k
csfld Kku fn;kA ekmUV vkcw esa ijefirk f ko dk ;g bZ ojh; dk;Z py gh jgk Fkk( fdarq 18
tuojh lu~ 1969 esa vpkud nknk ys[kjkt mQZ czãk dk nsgkolku gks x;k( fdarq Hkxoku dk fo o
ifjorZu dk csgn dk dk;Z rks #d ugha ldrkA vr% T;ksfrfcZUnq f ko us lu~ 69 esa gh mDr Hkkxhnkj
ds vxys tUe okys eqdjZj “kjhj :ih jFk ¼ftudk drZO;okpd uke “kadj gS½ esa izos k fd;kA
th.kZ& kh.kZ vfr izkphu dfEiyk xzke vkt ekuork ds efLr’d iVy ls /kwfey gks pqdk gSA
bls uxj dk ntkZ feyus ds ckn vc rd Hkh uxj ds pkjkas rjQ xanxh gh xanxh Hkjh iM+h jgrh
FkhA xfy;ksa esa cncwnkj ukfy;k¡ vke ckr FkhA ,d izfl) rhFkZ LFky gksus ds ckotwn Hkh dksbZ [kkl
fodkl ugha gks ik;kA iqjkrkfRod foHkkx okyksa us dfEiyk ds vkl&ikl [kqnkbZ djokdj iqjkrkfRod
vo ks’k izkIr fd;s gaSA ;g xzke okLro esa ,sfrgkfld o ikSjkf.kd n`f’V ls cgqr egRoiw.kZ gSA
egkHkkjr dky es dfEiyk ikapky ns k dh jkt/kkuh FkhA dfEiyk esa gh ikapky ujs k ^nzqin^ dh iq=h
^nzkSinh^ dk tUe gqvk ekuk tkrk gS] ftl Kku ;K dq.M ls nzkSinh dk tUe gqvk Fkk mldh ;knxkj
vkt Hkh dfEiyk esa fLFkr gSA ;K dq.M ds lehi gh Vhys ij ,d vkJe gS tks dfiy eqfu dh
riL;k LFkyh gSA dfEiyk esa gh tSfu;ksa ds nks izfl) rhFkZ LFky vFkkZr~ rsjgosa rhFkZaZ dj Jh
foeyukFkLokeh dk fnxEcj tSu eafnj rFkk “osrkEcj tSu eafnj Hkh fLFkr gSA buds vykok Hkh
dfEiyk esa dbZ iqjkus eafnj gSa tks mlds ,sfrgkfld o /kkfeZd egRo dks fl) djrs gaSA “kk;n
blfy, ijefirk ijekRek f ko us Hkh fo o ifjorZu ds vius xqIr dk;Z ds fy, dfEiyk dks gh pquk
gSA iztkfirk czg~ekdqekjh bZ'ojh; fo o fo|ky;(AIVV) ds fl)karksa ds vuqlkj ikSjkf.kd ;qx dh
iqujko`fRr gks jgh gSA bu jgL;ksa dks ek= ogh yksx le> ldrs gaS ftUgksaus fd (AIVV) dh
fofHkUu “kk[kkvksa esa vkdj 7 fnu dk fu% kqYd izf k{k.k ysdj jkstkuk Kku izkIr fd;k gS vkSj xgjkbZ
ls v/;;u ds lkFk&2 fjlpZ Hkh fd;k gSA dfEiyk ,d ,slh ifo= /keZ LFkyh gS tks fQygky
tjkth.kZ voLFkk esa gS( fdarq og fQj ls lalkj ds lkeus jks ku gksus okyh gSA iz-cz-dq-bZ-fo-fo-] ekmUV
vkcw esa nknk ys[kjkt czg~ek }kjk pykbZ xbZ f kockck dh okf.k;ksa vFkkZr~ Kku eqjfy;ksa ds vuqlkj
dfEiyk xk¡o esa orZeku ;qx dks ifjorZu djus okys ,d ,sls fnO; egkiq#’k dk vkfoHkkZo gqvk gS
ftuds ru esa ijefiz; ifrr&ikou ijefirk f ko ijekRek vorfjr gksdj lr;qx dh LFkkiuk dk
dk;Z dj jgs gSaA mDr okf.k;ksa esa buds iwoZ tUeksa ds o`RrkUrksa dk mYys[k Hkh ik;k x;k gS vkSj buds
orZeku thou dk Hkh fo ks’k mYys[k gSA lu~ 69 esa nknk ys[kjkt czg~ek ds nsgkolku ls vc rd
czg~ek dh vkRek }kjk ekmUV vkcw esa xqYtkj nknhth ds ru }kjk lqukbZ tk jgh vO;Dr okf.k;ksa esa
Hkh bl ckr ds izek.k feyrs gSaA yxHkx 650 djksM+ dh vkcknh okys fo o dks ,sls egkiq#’k dh
igpku gksuk Hkh t:jh gS vkSj le; ij gksuk gh gSA
dfEiyk fuoklh ckck ohjsUnz nso nhf{kr th dk tUe ,d xjhc fdlku czkg~e.k ifjokj esa
izFke Qjojh lu~ 1942 dks Q#Z[kkckn ftys ¼mRrj izns k½ ds dk;exat ls mRrj fn kk dh vksj
yxHkx 4 fdyksehVj nwjh ij fLFkr vgenxat uked xk¡o esa gqvk FkkA cpiu ls gh os R;kxh vkSj
oSjkX; o`fRr ds jgsA mudh ekrk dk uke yhykorh vkSj firk dk uke Jh lksguyky f ko n;ky
nhf{kr FkkA Jh lksguyky th viuk vgenxat xk¡o NksM+dj vius gh ufugky dfEiyk xk¡o esa LFkkbZ
:i ls jgus yxsA vr% ckck nhf{kr th dk ikyu&iks’k.k ikSjkf.kd ,oe ,sfrgkfld uxjh dfEiyk esa
gh ekrk&firk ds laj{k.k essa gksus yxkA m/kj gkbZLdwy dh f k{kk iwjh djus ds ckn mUgksaus dfEiyk
Fkkus esa bapktZ jg pqds flíhdh njksxk ds futh ?kj ftys gehjiwj ls baVj dh f k{kk iwjh dhA viuk
bdykSrk iq= gksus ds dkj.k muds firkth mu ij “kknh ds fy;s ncko Mkyk djrs Fks] tks fd ckck
ilan ugha djrs FksA bl dkj.k vki vius firkth ls {kqC/k jgrs FksA vr% firkth us dg fn;k fd
;fn ?kj esa jguk gS rks “kknh Hkh djuh gS] ugha rks tgk¡ pkgks ogk¡ pys tkvksA rks ncko o k os ?kj
ls fudy iM+sA mudh ,d NksVh cgu Hkh gS tks fd muds firkth ds laj{k.k esa jgus yxh( D;ksafd
ckck dh ekrkth dk nsgkUr lu~ 1965 esa gks x;k FkkA ml le; ckck dh mez 23 o’kZ ds yxHkx
jghA fQj ,Vk esa ts-Vh-lh- dh Vªsfuax iwjh djus ds ckn dfEiyk ifj’knh izkbejh fo|ky; esa vkius
cPpksa dks i<+kus dk dke 3 o’kZ rd fd;k] fQj ogk¡ ls fudydj dk;exat ckfydk fo|ky; esa Hkh
2 o’kZ rd i<+krs jgsA mlds ckn ogk¡ ls fudydj ih-,p-Mh fjlpZ odZ ds fy, vgenkckn ¼xqtjkr½
jokuk gks x;sA

ckck ds vykSfdd thou dh ?kVuk,¡

1- ih-,p-Mh- fjlpZ odZ ds nkSjku
czg~ekdqekfj;ksa ls lEidZ vkSj la?k’kZ
ckck nhf{kr th lu~ 69 esa xqtjkr ;wfuoflZVh ds gkWLVy ¼vgenkckn½ esa jgdj ^l`f’V dk vkfn iq#’k
dkSu\* bl fo’k; ij vuqla/kku ¼ih-,p-Mh½ dk dke “kq: fd;kA pkj&N% ekl O;rhr gksus ds i pkr~
fjlpZ odZ ds nkSjku 30 uoEcj 1969 dks igyh ckj ckck us czg~ekdqekjh laLFkk ds 2B] izHkq ikdZ]
vgenkckn fLFkr ikyM+h lsokdsanz esa izos k fd;kA ogk¡ ij czg~ekdqekjh osnkarh cgu us bUgas vVs.M
fd;kA og cgu dqN lqukrh Fkh rks mu ckrksa dk ckck fojks/k djrs tkrs Fks( D;ksafd oss fjlpZ ekbUMsM
gksus ds dkj.k “kkL=ksa ds vk/kkj ij gj ckr dks ekurs jgs] blfy, ;s mudh ckrksa dks dV djrs jgsA
bl izdkj yxkrkj rhu&pkj fnu chr x;s( ysfdu dksbZ ckr gy ugha gks ikbZA osnkarh cgu rks
2
gksf k;kj FkhA mUgksaus ogk¡ ds cM+s&2 cqtqxZ czg~ekdqekj Hkkb;ksa dks cqykdj ckck ds vkl&ikl cSBk
fn;kA fQj os cqtqxZ HkkbZ yksx mudks le>kus yxs fd vki igys ;gk¡ lkr fnu dkslZ rks lqu
yhft,A ;g ckr lqurs gh ckck us dgk fd fQj rks ge iz u djuk gh Hkwy tk,axsA fQj Hkh ckck us
mu lcdh ckr eku yh vkSj dgk fd vki gesa lqukrs tkb;s ge uksV djrs tk;saxsA
vr% dkslZ ds nkSjku lkrosa fnu mUgsa vVsUM djus okyh og cgu dgha pyh x;h rks ckck
nhf{kr th ml dsanz dh lapkfydk czg~ekdqekjh ljyk cgu ls feys vkSj muds lkFk fMLd ku djus ls
dqN iz uksa dk lek/kku Hkh izkIr gqvk( fQj Hkh og lapkfydk cgu bUgsa iwjh rjg larq’V ugha dj
ikbZA ckn esa mUgkasus ckck dks dgk fd vxys fnu dydRRks ls cz-dq- jes k HkkbZ vkus okys gSa] vki
muls vius iz uksas dk lek/kku ys yhft,( D;ksafd ljyk cgu dks vanj gh vanj ;g la k; iSnk gksus
yxk fd ge budks lUrq’V ugha dj ik jgs gSaA nwljs fnu jes k HkkbZ vk;s vkSj tc os ckck ls feys
rks ,d gh iz u iwNk fd vkidks ijekRek dk tks :i ;gk¡ cryk;k x;k gS og ilan vk;k\ mldh
Le`fr vkidks ilan gS\ rks ckck us tokc fn;k fd gk¡] ;g ckrsa gedks vPNh yxh gSa fd ijekRek
T;ksfrZfcUnq gS] mldks ;kn djus ls gekjh eu] cqf) :ih vkRek lw{e cusxhA lw{e dks ;kn djsaxs rks
cqf) lw{e cusxhA tc ckck us ;kn dh izfØ;k vPNh crkbZ rks jes k HkkbZ us crk;k fd tc vkidks
;kn dh izfØ;k vPNh yx jgh gS rks vki dqN fnuksa rd ;g vH;kl dfj;sA vH;kl djus ds ckn
vkidks Lor% gh lc iz uksa dk lek/kku fey tk;sxkA ckn esa osnkarh cgu us ;g ckr Hkh dgh fd vki
blds lkFk&2 f kockck dh okf.k;k¡ Hkh i<+rs jfg,A ckck us mudh nksuksa ckras Lohdkj dj yhaA
FkksM+s fnu ckn nhf{kr th us “kkL=ksa dk gokyk nsrs gq, dgk fd ekmUV vkcw esa nknk ys[kjkt czg~ek
ds eq[k }kjk f kockck us tks dqN lquk;k og fcYdqy xhrk ds vuqdwy gSA cfYd ckck us xhrk dh ,d
laf{kIr Vhdk vuqokn Hkh fy[kh gS] og ,dne Dyh;j gSA xhrk esa ;g cryk;k gS ^HkzwokseZ/;s izk.ke~
vkos ;lE;dA* vFkkZr~ tc euq’; “kjhj NksM+us yxs rks os Hk`dqfV ds e/; esa izk.k ¼vkRek½ dks ;kn
djas vkSj ^v.kksj.kh;kaleuqLejsr~ ;%A* vFkkZr~ vkRek v.kq ls Hkh v.kq :i gSA vkRek dk :i v.kq ¼fcUnq½
gS& ;g ckr bUgsa vPNh yxhA rks bUgkasus dgk fd Bhd gS ge ;g izSfDVl djsaxsA
mlds ckn tc ckck ljyk cgu ds ikl eqjfy;k¡ ysus ds fy;s x;ss rks ml lapkfydk cgu us
eqjfy;k¡ nsus ls ;g dgdj budkj dj fn;k fd vki “kkL=dkj gSa] vki f kockck dh ok.kh i<+us ds
yk;d ugha gaSA bu ckrkas ls mudks cM+k nq%[k gqvk fd Hkxoku ds egkokD; i<+us vkSj le>us ds
gdnkj rks lHkh gSa] tcfd ;g gekjs pkgus ds ckn Hkh budkj dj jgs gSaA blfy, rks f kockck us
nsg/kkjh xq#vksa }kjk fd;s tkus okys bl izdkj ds O;ogkj ds ckjs esa igys ls gh eqjyh esa lpsr dj
fn;k FkkA czg~ekdqekfj;ksa }kjk izdkf kr fjokbT+M lkdkj eqjyh rkjh[k 20-02-86] i`-3 esa f kockck us
dgk gS fd ^^lcdk vk/kkj eqjyh ij gSA eqjyh rqedks u feysxh rks rqe ^Jher* dgk¡ ls yk;saxs\ ,sls
ugha flQZ ,d czkg~e.kh dks gh eqjyh lqukuh gSA dksbZ Hkh eqjyh i<+dj lquk ldrs gSaA** blds vykok
fj- eq- rk- 22-12-81 esa dgk gS fd ^^tks ckck dh eqjyh fudyrh gS] lc LVqMsUV dks gd gS eqjyh
vPNh rjg i<+us dkA ftudks eqjyh i<+us dk “kkSd gksxk og rhu&pkj ckj eqjyh t:j i<+saxsA eqjyh
cxSj vkSj dqN le>uk gh ugha pkfg,A eqjyh dks dksbZ ik¡p&vkB ckjh vPNh jhfr i<+s rks czkg~e.kh ls
Hkh Å¡p tk ldrs gSaA lcdks viuh mUufr djuh gSA** blh Jher dks /;ku esa j[krs gq, FkksM+s le;
ds i pkr~ osnkarh cgu ¼ftUgksaus ckck dks VSfdy fd;k Fkk½ us ckck ls dgk fd mfpr le; vkus ij
vkidks eqjfy;ksa dk caMy fudky djds ns nsaxsA vr% ftl fnu bapktZ ljyk cgu ogk¡ ekStwn ugha
jgrh Fkh mlh fnu mUgksaus ckck dks okf.k;ksa dk caMy ns fn;kA fQj ckck us mu okf.k;ksa dks i<+dj
okil dj fn;k vkSj ;g Øe cM+h cgu dh vuqifLFkfr esa yxkrkj pyrk jgk vFkkZr~ os gj
rhljs&pkSFks fnu eqjfy;ksa dk LVkWd ys tkrs jgsA muls mudks bruh iqf’V vkSj larqf’V feyh fd os
xn~xn gks x;sA vanj ls bUgsa lkjh ckrksa dk lek/kku feyus yxkA ckn esa mUgksaus fu;fer :i ls
f kockck dh ok.kh lquus ds fy;s czg~ekdqekjh lsokdsanz esa tkuk “kq: dj fn;k( D;ksafd fjlpZ esa
budks ;g fl[kk;k x;k Fkk fd vxj fdlh Hkh fo’k; ij fjlpZ djuk gS rks mlds ewy dks idM+uk
t:jh gSA
blds ckn czg~ekdqekjh cguksa dh ckrksa dks ckck us egRo ugha fn;k( D;ksafd f kockck dh ok.kh
esa ckck nhf{kr th us ;g ckr i<+h Fkh fd ^^czg~ekdqekjh dh tks er feys mls Hkh ¼^Jher* vFkkZr~
f kockck dh okf.k;ksa ls½ tt djuk gS fd og jkbV gS ;k jk¡xA** tcfd ekm.V vkcw esa rFkkdfFkr
czg~ekdqekj&dqekfj;ksa }kjk bu ckrksa esa f<ykbZ cjrus ds dkj.k fnukad 30-05-73 dh vO;Dr ok.kh esas
vO;Dr ckinknk us LIk’V dg fn;k fd ^^gj ,d dks viuh ftEEksokjh vki mBkuh gSA vxj ;g lkspsaxs
3
fd nhnh&nknh o Vhpj ftEEksokj gSa rks blls ;g fl) gksrk gS fd vkidks Hkfo’; esa mudh iztk
cuuk gS] jktk ugha cuuk gS ¼tcfd f kockck vk;s gh gSa jktk cukus ds fy;s½A ;g Hkh v/khu jgus ds
laLdkj gq, uk\ tks v/khu jgus okyk gS og vf/kdkjh ugha cu ldrk] fo o dk jkT;&Hkkx ugha ys
ikrkA blfy, Lo;a ds ftEEksokj fQj lkjs fo o dh ftEEksokjh ysus okys fo o egkjktu cu ldrs
gSaA** ;kuh ckck nhf{kr th ds lkeus dksbZ Hkh leL;k vkrh Fkh rks os eqjfy;ksa@vO;Dr okf.k;ksa dks gh
VVksyrs FksA ckck dks vius fjlpZ odZ ds fy, tks lCtsDV feyk gqvk Fkk mls mUgksaus eqjfy;ksa ls
VSyh djuk “kq: fd;kA tc bUgsa “kkL=ksa dh lkjh ckrsa eqjfy;ksa ls fcYdqy VSyh gksrh yxus yxha rks
ml Fkhfll esa bUgsa cM+k etk vkus yxkA og Fkhfll ,slh rS;kj gqbZ fd ckck us eqjfy;ksa ls tks dqN
le>k og lkjh F;ksjh Fkhfll esa vk x;hA
blds ckn ckck jsxqyj Dykl esa tkus yxsA Dykl dh Vhpj cgu vius rjhds ls O;k[;k nsrh
Fkh] ftl ij os /;ku ugha nsrs Fks( D;ksafd os vanj ls eqjfy;ksa ds lkjs jgL;ksa dks le> jgs FksA vr%
eqjfy;ksa@vO;Dr okf.k;ksa dks le>dj ckck us tks /kkj.kk iSnk dh vkSj rnuqlkj os tks dqN Vhpj
cguksa dks crkuk pkgrs Fks ;k lqukuk pkgrs Fks og /kkj.kk cguksa dks ilan ugha vkrh Fkh( D;ksafd
czg~ekdqekfj;ksas dk dguk ;g Fkk fd “kkL= lc >wBs gSa] f kockck us tks dqN cksyk gS flQZ ogh lPPkk
gS vkSj ckck nhf{kr ths dk dguk ;g Fkk fd f ko lqizhe lksy us czg~ek }kjk tks dqN lquk;ss gSa og
lc dqN “kkL=ksa ds vuqdwy gh gSA gekjk vyx ls dksbZ earO; ugha gS vkSj u gh ge vius dks bl
;ksX; le>rs gSa( D;ksafd nhf{kr th tks dqN Hkh cksyrs Fks mldk ewy vk/kkj czg~ekdqekjh vkJe esa
miyC/k f kockck ds o kZUl gh gSaA flQZ ogh ckck ds izk.k gSaA vf/kdrj iqjkuh czg~ekdqekfj;k¡
i<+h&fy[kh u gksus ds dkj.k eqjfy;ksa dh lgh rjhds ls O;k[;k ugha dj ldrh gSa vkSj nqfu;k¡ dks
;g Hkh ugha le>k ldrh gSa fd xhrk dk Hkxoku fujkdkj f ko gS] u fd lkdkj d`’.kA tcfd ge
fujkdkj] lkdkj nksuksa dks gh ekurs gSaA fujkdkj dk eryc gS T;ksfrfcZanq f koA T;ksfrfcZanq f ko
lkdkj “kjhj ds fcuk xhrk Kku dSls ns ldrk gS\ rks og T;ksfrfcZanq f ko jke@d`’.k dh vkRekvksa
ds orZeku laxe;qxh “kjhjksa ¼vFkkZr~ “kadj@czãk½ esa vyx&2 le; ij izos k djrk gSA jke&d`’.k dh
vkRek;sa rks lk/kkj.k :i esa blh nqfu;k¡ esa dgha u dgha gekjh&vkidh rjg fxjh gqbZ voLFkk esa ekStwn
gSaA ifrr] fodkjh voLFkk esa gksus ds dkj.k muesa lqizhe lksy izos k djds xhrk dk Kku lqukrk gSA
ijekRek f ko us nknk ys[kjkt czãk ds }kjk xhrk Kku lquk;k A okLRko esa nknk ys[kjkt czãk gh
d`’.k dh vkRek gSA ^gs d`’.k ukjk;.k oklqnso%A* ukjk;.k dks viuh ikSjkf.kd ijaijk esa lr;qx dk
jktk ekuk x;k gSA rks ukjk;.k] oklqnso vkSj d`’.k ,d ds gh vyx&2 uke gSaA og lr;qx dk jktk
rks ckn esa curk gSA okLro esa iwoZtUe esa ¼ekuk laxe;qx esa½ og czg~ek FkkA czg~ek dks nk<+h] ew¡N
fn[kk;h tkrh gSA nk<+h] ew¡N ifrr euq’;ksa dks gksrs gSaA blfy, czg~ek dh iwtk ugha gksrh] eafnj Hkh
ugha cursA ijefirk f ko czg~ek esa izos k gksdj tks ok.kh pykrk gS ml ok.kh ls gh lkjs txr dk
dY;k.k gksuk gS( ysfdu vxj mlds lgh vFkZ dks le>k tk;s rks] vU;Fkk ughaA
;gh dkj.k gS fd czg~ekdqekfj;ksa dk ckck nhf{kr th ds lkFk erHksn iSnk gks x;kA blfy,
mUgksaus dHkh Hkk’k.k djus] Dykl le>kus o izn kZuh le>kus ds fy;s ckck dks ekSdk ugha fn;k (
cfYd mUgsa fyVjspj cspus ds fy;s cSBkuk “kq: dj fn;kA yxHkx lu~ 74 rd ;g flyflyk pyrk
jgkA ckck nhf{kr th mudks ;FkklEHko lg;ksx nsrs jgsA bZ ojh; lsok esa T;knkrj mUgsa fyVjspj
cspus dk dke gh lkSaik x;kA dHkh&2 lsUVj ds fy;s LVs ku ls os iklZy NqM+k dj ykus rFkk iklZy
cqfdax djus ds fy;s Hkh tkrs FksA mu fnuksa dHkh&2 DydZ dks iSlk Hkh nsuk iM+rk FkkA rks os Hkys ysV
dj ysrs Fks( ysfdu ckck DydZ dks fj or ds crkSj iSlk dHkh ugha nsrs FksA ckck ysV vkus dkj.k dsanz
dh lapkfydk cgu ukjkt gks tk;k djrh Fkh vkSj mudks ;g dgk djrh Fkh fd rqe fdlh Hkh dke
esa Vkbe osLV cgqr djrs gkssA bl ij tc rd ckck nhf{kr th ml cgu dks dqN cksysa rc rd og
nwljs HkkbZ dk felky nsdj dgus yxh fd ns[kks og HkkbZ fdruh tYnh dke djds ykrk gSA ;g ckr
lqurs gh mudks jksuk lk vk x;k vkSj dgk fd ge D;k djsa\ crkb,A ftl Hkz’Vkpkj ls cpus ds
fy, ge ckj&2 ukSdfj;k¡ NksM+&2+ djds cSBs gSa vkSj vki gesa mlh ckr ds fy;s ncko Mky jgh gSaA
bl dke ds fy;s u rks ge vkils iSlk ek¡x ldrs gSa vkSj u gh gekjs ikl bruk iSlk gSA ;s lc ckrsa
lquus ds ckotwn Hkh ml lapkfydk cgu us mudks dgk fd vPNk Bhd gS] rqedks tSls ge crkrs gSa
oSls djksA ;fn ugha pkgrs gks rks vkJe esa lsok er djksA
rks ckck nhf{kr th eafnjksa esa tk&tkdj lsok djus yxsA lqcg dks Dykl vVsaM djuk vkSj
fjlpZ ls tks Vkbe cprk Fkk mlesa eafnjksa esa tkdj HkkbZ&cguksa dh lsok djus yxs] ftlesa lsaVj ds
4
Hkh LVqMsUV~l eafnj esa vkdj ckck ds lkFk Dykl djus yxsA os yksx ckck dks vius ?kj cqykus yxsA
muesa ls ,d euq HkkbZ ¼tks fd ckn esa vgenkckn NksM+dj vesfjdk pys x;s Fks½ us mudks vius ?kj
ys tkdj Dykl “kq: djok fn;kA “kke dks ckck euq HkkbZ ds ?kj esa f kockck dh eqjyh i<+rs Fks vkSj
mldh O;k[;k tSlk os le>rs Fks oSlk nsus yxsA ;g ckr tc lsUVj dh cguksa dks irk pyh rks os
cgqr ukjkt+ gksus yxha( D;ksafd muds vanj xyr /kkj.kk cSB xbZ fd ;s rks gekjs LVqMsUV~l dks rksM+
jgk gS vkSj viuh dekbZ djuk “kq: dj fn;k gSA tcfd ,slh dksbZ ckr ugha FkhA czg~ekdqekfj;k¡
fojks/k djrh jghaA rks N% eghus rd ;g flyflyk pyrk jgkA ch-ds- Dykl esa rks ckck tkrs gh jgrs
FksA lapkfydk cgu us buls vkJe dk dke ysuk ifgys gh can dj fn;k Fkk vkSj bl rjg erHksn
c<+rk gh x;kA ,d fnu czg~ekdqekfj;ksa us lkspk fd gekjs dgus ls rks ;g ekusxk ughaA blds fy,
mUgksaus kM+;a= jpdj ;g izksxzke cuk;k fd nf{k.k Hkkjr ls ¼ok;k vgenkckn½ ekm.V vkcw tkus
okyha ,d ikVhZ dk lkeku mUgksaus vius dsanz ij j[kok fy;k vkSj ml ikVhZ dks ekm.V vkcw tkus
fn;kA og lkeku j[kok ysus ds Bhd vxys fnu ckck nhf{kr th ls ljyk cgu vpkud cksyh fd
cgqr fnuksa ls ;gk¡ ij dksbZ lfoZlscqy HkkbZ ugha gS] lsok djus ds fy, dksbZ rS;kj ugha gksrk gSA ;g
lkeku brus fnuksa ls ;gk¡ iM+k gqvk gSA bldks ekm.V vkcw igq¡pkuk gSA vki bls ogk¡ igq¡pk,axs\
ckck us lkeku mBk djds ;g dgk fd vPNk ge igq¡qpk,axs( D;ksafd os dHkh lsok ds fy, euk ugha
djrs FksA os lkjk lkeku ysdj Vsªu ls vgenkckn LVs ku ij cqd djkds ekm.V vkcw pys x;sA
2- ekm.V vkcw esa izdk kef.k nknh us ckck dks izrkfM+r fd;k
ekm.V vkcw igq¡pus ds ckn czg~ekdqekjh laLFkk dh eq[; iz kkfldk izdk kef.k ¼dqekfjdk½ nknh us ckck
nhf{kr th dks dgk fd vki “kke dks pkj cts gels feysaA ckck dks ;g irk ugha Fkk fd og D;ksa
cqyk jgh gSaA pkj cts os tc nknh ds ikl igq¡ps] rks igq¡prs gh nknh us mUgsa Mk¡Vuk “kq: dj fn;k
fd rqe tSls “kkafr ls igys jgrs Fks] ;gk¡ vkrs Fks oSls gh “kkafr ls jgksA rqe b/kj&m/kj /kepØ D;ksa
epkrs gks\ mUgksaus dgk fd nknh th] ge rks f kockck dh ckrsa djrs gSaA dksbZ ,slh ckrsa rks djrs gh
ugha vkSj oSls ;g f kockck us cksyk t:j gS fd ^^f ko ds eafnj esa nks rjg ds i{kh gksrs gSa& ,d
gksrs gSa dcwrj vkSj ,d gksrs gSa Kku dh daBh okys rksrsA** bl rjg ls f kockck ds egkokD;ksa dks
ckck nhf{kr th us muds lkeus j[krs gq, dgk fd ^^daBh okys rksrs gksrs gSa mudks Kku dh daBh iM+h
gqbZ gksrh gSA ekuk muds daB esa ls tc Hkh vkokt fudysxh] tks dqN lqusaxs ckgj tk djds ^Vª;ksa&2*
dh Kku dh gh vkokt djsaxs vkSj dcwrj tks gksrs gSa os eafnjksa esa f kofyax ds Åij xan djrs gSa vkSj
muds eq[k ls vkokt Hkh ugha fudyrh gSA** ;g lkjk felky f kockck us ge czkg~e.k cPpksa ds fy,
gh fn;k gSA vr% ckck us mUgsa Li’V dg fn;k fd Hkxoku dh tks jkbV ckrsa gSa] tks geus lquh gSa og
ge rks lquk;saxs t:jA vkids dgus ls ge ekuus okys ugha gSaA cl] bruk lqurs gh nknh ,dne
xqLlk gks x;haA rqjUr mUgksaus ,d pijklh dks cqykdj dg fn;k fd budks tYnh ls tYnh cl LVSUM
ij igq¡pk nksA
jkr dks N%&lkr cts dh ckr Fkh] lnhZ ds fnu FksA ogk¡ ij dksbZ cl ugha feyh vkSj jkLrs ls
pyrs le; og pijklh ckck ls dgus yxk fd vktdy ds tks i<+s&fy[ks yksx gSa oks ?kkl [kkrs gSaA
ckck dks irk pyk fd ;s rks ;g ckr gesa ykxw djk jgk gS] blfy, mUgksaus lkspk fd bUgsa Kku nsuk
t:jh gSA rkss ekSdk ikdj ckck us ml pijklh dks FkksM+k&2 Kku dh ckrsa crykuk “kq: fd;kA cl
LVSUM rd igq¡prs&2 og eksYM gks x;k vkSj cksyk vkidh ckr rks ,dne Bhd gSA mlus ckn esa cM+h
dksf k k Hkh dh fd xkM+h ;k VSDlh fey tk;s( ysfdu ugha feyhA fQj mlus tc rd dqekfjdk nknh
dks Qksu fd;k rc rd nknh ,dne xqLLks esa ogk¡ vkWfQl ls mBdj pyh x;h FkhaA fdlh vU; cgu
us Qksu vVS.V fd;k FkkA mudks rks irk gh ugha Fkk fd D;k&2 ckrsa gqbZ FkhA mUgksaus rks lh/kk dg
fn;k fd dksbZ ckr ugha] ml HkkbZ dks okil ys vkvksA nwljs fnu lqcg tc dqekfjdk nknh Dykl
djk jgh Fkha rks ckck nhf{kr th muds lkeus tkdj cSB x;s vkSj Dykl ds ckn os viuk cSx ysdj
fudy iM+sA ;g ?kVuk gS tuojh] lu~ 74 dhA
ckck us twu]1975 esa vgenkckn Hkh NksM+ fn;kA mldk Hkh dkj.k ;g gqvk fd tc ekm.V vkcw
ls ykSVs rks ykSVus ds ckn vpkud dqekfjdk nknh us dksbZ vkns k vgenkckn bapktZ dks ns fn;kA ml
vkns k ds vuqlkj mUgksaus ckck nhf{kr th dk DYkkl esa cSBuk can djk fn;kA ,d fnu ,sls gqvk fd
Dykl gks jgk Fkk] vpkud dqN HkkbZ yksx vk;s vkSj ckck ls dgk fd nknh us vkidks Dykl djus ds
fy;s euk fd;k gqvk gSA rc ckck us muls dgk fd nknh us euk fd;k gqvk gS( ysfdu f kockck us rks
5
fdlh ok.kh esa ,sls ugha dgk fd fdlh dks Dykl djus ls euk dj nksA gekjh dksbZ xyrh gks rks og
gesa crkb,] rks mls ge lq/kkjsaxsA rks mUgksaus dgk fd ugha] ge rqEgkjh dksbZ ckr ugha lqusaxsA rc
ckck us Hkh dgk fd & rks ge vkidh ckr Hkh ugha lqusaxsA ;g dgdj os DYkkl esa gh cSBs jgsA fQj
os pkj&ik¡p yksx vanj pys x;s vkSj ogk¡ Vhpj cgu ls dqN ijke kZ fd;kA ijke kZ djus ds vk/kk
?kaVs ds ckn pkj&ik¡p HkkbZ yksx ckgj vk;s vkSj fdlh us ckck ds gkFk idM+s vkSj fdlh us ik¡o idM+s
vkSj mudks mBkdj lhf<+;ksa ls uhps ys tkdj vkJe ds ckgj NksM+ fn;kA mlds ckn nks HkkbZ yksx
njokts ij pkSdlh ds fy, [kM+s gks x;s] rkfd os Dykl djus ds fy, vanj u tk ik;saA rhu fnu rd
;g Øe pyrk jgkA tSls gh ckck lqcg vkSj “kke Dykl djus ds fy;s ogk¡ tkrs Fks] rks os HkkbZ yksx
ogk¡ njokts ij mudks [kM+s gq, feyrs FksA ckdh lc HkkbZ&cguksa dks Dykl djus tkus fn;k tkrk
Fkk( ysfdu dsoy ckck ckgj njokts ij [kM+s jgrs FksA fQj mudk ogk¡ tkuk gh NwV x;kA
fQj ckck us ;g ckr iqfyl dks fjiksVZ dj nh( ysfdu ckr ,slh gks x;h fd ,d&nks eghus
igys vgenkckn esa czg~ekdqekfj;ksa dk cM+k esys dk izksxzke vk;ksftr gqvk Fkk] ftlesa vgenkckn dh
yxHkx vk/kh ls T;knk turk ml izksxzke esa “kkfey gqbZ FkhA cgqr cM+k esyk gksus ds dkj.k iqfyl Hkh
cgqr T;knk izHkkfor FkhA rks ckck nhf{kr th ,slh fjiksVZ fy[kokuk pkgrs Fks fd lkoZtfud LFkku ij
tkus ls bUgsa D;ksa jksdk tk jgk gS tcfd ;s rks ogk¡ ds iqjkus LVqMsUV Fks( ysfdu ml nkSjku
czãkdqekjh laLFkk ls izHkkfor gksus ds dkj.k ml njksxk us 341 oha /kkjk esa budh ckr dks ugha fy[kkA
flQZ ekj&ihV ds dsl esa fjiksVZ fy[k nhA blds ckn ckck tc nwljs ch-ds- lsokdsUnz ij Dykl djus
x;s rks ogk¡ Hkh mUgsa njokts ij gh jksd fn;k x;kA nks&rhu fnu ckn tc ckck us ml ikyM+h ,fj;k
dh iqfyl LVs ku esa dEiysaV fy[kkus x;s rks ogk¡ ij Hkh njksxk us mudks mYVk Mk¡V fn;kA varr%
ef.kuxj vkJe ls yxh gqbZ iqfyl eas ,d iBku njksxk Fkk] mUgksaus ckck dks dgk fd Bhd gS] 341oha
/kkjk esa vkids ekSfyd vf/kdkj ds guu dh fjiksVZ ge fy[ksaxs( ysfdu blds igys gedks bUDok;jh
djus ds fy, nks&rhu fnu pkfg,A fQj mUgkasus czg~ekdqekfj;ksa dks LVs ku ij cqykuk “kq: dj fn;kA
cl] blls czg~ekdqekfj;ksa esa gM+dEi QSy x;kA “kh?kz gh mUgksaus laLFkk ds fu;eksa ds fo#) vius
LFkkuh; lsUVlZ ds xsV ij ;g >wBk cksMZ Vk¡xuk “kq: dj fn;k fd ;g lkoZtfud laLFkk ugha gS vkSj
fcuk vkKk ds izos k djuk oftZr gSA ;g cksMZ vgenkckn ds rRdkyhu rhuksa lsokdsUnzksa esa yxk fn;k
x;kA og cksMZ i<+dj og njksxk Hkh eqxkyrs esa iM+ x;kA fQj ckck odhy ls tkdj feysA rks mUgkasus
dgk fd ;gk¡ dh iqfyl rqEgkjk lkFk ugha nsxhA ;gk¡ rqEgas dksbZ xokg Hkh ugha feyus okyk gSA rqEgkjs
ikl iSlk Hkh ugha gS] othQk (scholarship) Hkh rqEgkjk can gks pqdk gSA blfy, vki vius xk¡o pys
tkb;s vkSj ogk¡ ;FkklEHko turk dh lsok dfj,A
fQj ckck nhf{kr th lu~ 1975 esa] 33 o’kZ dh mez esa vgenkckn NksM+dj dfEiyk xk¡Ok esa
vius ?kj okil ykSV x,A
3- fo o dY;k.k ds u ks esa dfEiyk ls fnYYkh jkt/kkuh dh vksj ckck dh jokuxh
m/kj ?kj esa Hkh xk¡Ok ds dqN yksxksa us muds firkth lksguyky nhf{kr th dks ;g dgdj efrHkze dj
fn;k Fkk fd vkidk yM+dk czg~ekdqekfj;ksa esa Q¡l x;k gSA mu yksxksa dh ckrksa ds izHkko esa vkdj
firkth us ckck dh ,d Hkh ckr ugha lquhA buds ?kj dk ckgj dk tks dejk Fkk og Hkh ckck dks nsus
ls budkj dj fn;kA blh chp esa ckck us f kockck dh eqjyh ls ,d egkokD; idM+ fy;k fd
^^vkokt fnYyh ls fudysxkA** rqjUr gh os dfEiyk xk¡Ok NksM+dj fnYyh pys x;s vkSj fnYyh igq¡prs
gh mudks LkQyrk fey x;hA ogk¡ ds tks [kkl chl&iPphl lsokdsUnz Fks muesa bUgkasus pDdj yxk;s
vkSj pDdj yxkrs&2 mudks “kkgnjk jksgrkl lsokdsUnz ds dqN HkkbZ&cguksa dks ijekRek dk Kku
lqukus dk FkksM+k ekSdk feyus yxk( D;ksafd ml oDr m/kj dh VhplZ cgusa ekm.V vkcw x;h gqbZ FkhaA
ckck us ogk¡ ds ftKklqvksa dks eqjyh lqukuk “kq: dj fn;kA bl rjg bl bZ ojh; lsok dh “kq:vkr
mUgksaus “kkgnjk vkJe ls dhA bl izdkj os vU; czg~ekdqekjh lsokdsUnzksa esa Hkh pDdj dkVrs jgs vkSj
HkkbZ&cguksa dks eqjyh dh O;k[;k,¡ lqukrs jgsA
mu lsokdsanzksa esa Hkh tks ;equk ds fdukjs ds lsokdsUnz Fks ogk¡ ds T;knkrj ftKklq muds
lEidZ esa vkus yxsA ;g [kcj rFkkdfFkr czg~ekdqekj&dqekfj;ksa ds dku esa yxrh jgh Fkh vkSj muds
vanj gh vanj v kkafr vkSj dzks/k iSnk gks jgk FkkA rks mUgksaus thi] dkj ysdj ckck nhf{kr th dk
ihNk djuk “kq: dj fn;kA mUgkasus mudks idM+us dh dksf k k dh( ysfdu ftl ?kj esa ckck jgrs Fks]
ogk¡ ml fnu os mudks feys ugha( ysfdu ml oDr “kekZ th ¼iq’ik ekrkth ds ;qxy½ ?kj esa ekStwn
6
FksA rFkkdfFkr czg~ekdqekjksa us xYrh ls “kekZ th dks ckck le>dj mudks idM+dj thi esa fcBk
fy;k( ysfdu tc “kekZ th viuh iatkch Hkk’kk esa mudks dqN dgus yxs rc ,d HkkbZ us dgk fd vjs]
;g rks ohjsUnz nhf{kr ugha gS] ;g rks dksbZ vkSj gSA fQj mu czg~ekdqekjksa us “kekZ th dks NksM+ fn;k
vkSj iq’ik ekrk dks ukSdjh NqM+okus dh /kedh Hkh nsdj vius thi] dkj ysdj pys x;sA mlds Bhd
nl feuV ckn ckck nhf{kr th ogk¡ vk x;sA ckck le> x;s fd vc rks ;s yksx gekjk ihNk NksM+us
okys ugha gSaA blfy, mUgksaus fnYyh dk vkWy :V ikl cuok fy;k vkSj ,d txg ls nwljh txg]
nwljh txg ls rhljh txg] ,sls lkjh fnYyh esa ?kweus yxsA lkFk esa viuk tks dqN Kku dk eUFku
Fkk og yksxksa dks lqukus Hkh yxsA
bl rjg rFkkdfFkr czg~ekdqekjksa us yxHkx ik¡p lky rd ckck dk ihNk fd;k( ysfdu os
mudh idM+ esa ugha vk,A mudks tks dqN lqukuk Fkk og ?kj&2 esa tkdj lqukus yxsA ckck nhf{kr
th ls ,sls Kku lqurs&2 lu~ 1976 rd tks yksx muds lg;ksxh cus Fks] muesa ch-ds- joh k dqekj
lDlsuk ¼tks fnYYkh esa Hkkjr ljdkj foRRk ea=ky; esa dke djrs Fks½ vkSj ch-ds- v kksd ikgqtk ¼tks
lh- vkbZ- Mh- iqfyl esa dke djrs Fks vkSj ckn esa fdju csnh }kjk lLisUM gks x,] fQj ukSdjh Hkh NwV
xbZ½ “kkfey FksA ;s yksx ckck ds lfØ; lg;ksxh cu x;s vkSj “kq:vkr esa bUgksaus fyVªspj Hkh
Niok;k] czg~ekdqekjh vkJeksa esa iksLV Hkh dj fn;kA bl otg ls czg~ekdqekjh vkJeksa esa vPNh rjg
gypy QSy xbZ Fkh( ysfdu tks cfgusa ml le; ckck ds dusD ku esa vkus yxha muesa ,d cz-dq-
izsedkUrk cfgu Fkh tks ckck nhf{kr th dh T;knk lg;ksxh cuh vkSj lu~ 1978 vkrs&2 og vius
ek¡&cki ls Lohd`fr ysdj ckck ds lkFk jgus Hkh yxhA blh nkSjku HkkbZ&cfguksa ds lg;ksx ls vkj-ds-
iqje] fnYyh esa ,Mokal ikVhZ dk ,d lsokdsanz [kqy x;kA ckck vkSj og cgu ogk¡ jgus yxsA
izsedkUrk cfgu ,d izkbosV dEiuh esa ukSdjh dj jgh FkhA vr% lkFk esa jgus vkSj lg;ksxh cuus ds
nkSjku ckck nhf{kr th us mudks dgk fd vki ukSdjh NksM+ nks] vki fpark er djks fd [kpZ dgk¡ ls
pysxkA blds fy;s ge ftEEksokj gSa( ysfdu mudks ckck dh bl ckr ij fo okl ugha gqvkA mUgksaus
dgk fd ge ukSdjh ugha NksMsa+xsA ukSdjh ds iSls ls ge vkidks lg;ksx djsaxsA
dqN le; chrus ij ml cfgu us ckck dks dgk fd gekjs ikl bu v kksd ikgqtk] joh k
lDlsuk vkfn Hkkb;ksa dk ckj&2 Qksu vkrk gS vkSj os dg jgs Fks fd tc vki ohjsUnz HkkbZ ds lkFk jg
ldrh gks rks gekjh xhrk ikB kkyk esa Hkh nks&pkj jkst ds fy;s D;ksa ugha jg ldrh gks\ bl ij
ckck nhf{kr th us dgk fd ns[kks] vkids ek¡&cki ls lgefr ysdj ge vkidks viuh ftEesokjh ij
yk;s gSaA ifeZ ku geus yh gSA ;fn vki mlds ?kj esa jgus xbZ vkSj dgha dqN vugksuh ckr cu xbZ
rks idM+k dkSu tk,xk\ blfy, eSa ifeZ ku ns ugha ldrkA vkidks vxj tkuk gS rks Hkys muds ikl
LosPNk ls pyh tkvksA rks ml le; rks mUgksaus ckck dh ckrksa dks eku fy;k( ysfdu nwljs&rhljs fnu
og ckck ls ;g dgdj pyh xbZ fd eSa vius ek¡&cki ds ?kj tk jgh gw¡] tcfd og ek¡&cki ds ikl
ugha xbZ FkhA ik¡p fnu rd ckck nhf{kr th us mudk bartkj fd;k( ysfdu dqN irk ugha pykA fQj
tc ckck ml cfgu ds ?kj igq¡ps rks muds ek¡&cki us dgk fd og rks ;gk¡ ugha vkbZA ;g lqurs gh
ckck nhf{kr th us le> fy;k fd ml cfgu us ogh dke dj fn;k tks mUgsa ugha djuk FkkA mlds
ckn ckck tc vkJe esa ykSVs rks ns[kk fd joh k LkDlsuk] v kksd ikgqtk vkSj /keZ flag yksuh vkfn
nwljs&2 yksx] ftudks ;g tyu Fkh fd ;g cgu ckck nhf{kr th ds lkFk gh D;ksa jgus yxh gS] os
lHkh ,d xzqi cukdj uhps ikdZ esa cSBs gq, gSaA ckck ds vkJe ds Åij ds cM+s gkWy esa igq¡prs gh os
lHkh ikdZ ls mBdj ckck ds ikl vk;sA os lHkh ckck ls >xM+k djus yxsA ckck rks vdsys FksA mu
lHkh us pkjksa rjQ ls cksyuk “kq: dj fn;kA ;g lhu ns[kdj ckck us cksyk fd ;g rks ,slk gS tSls
fd fdlh xk¡o esa dksbZ dqRrk tkrk gS rks pkjksa rjQ ls nwljs dqRrs psaFkus yxrs gSaA ;g dgrs gh
v kksd ikgqtk us ckck nhf{kr th ds Åij gkFk Hkh pyk fn;kA
blds fy;s ekmUV vkcw esa f kockck us cksyk gS fd ^^ckgqcy okys fouk k dks ikosaxs vkSj
;ksxcy okys jktkbZ ikosaxsA** ogk¡ tks dqN Hkh gqvk mldk ifj.kke ;g gqvk fd mu yksxksa us
izsedkUrk cfgu ds firk dks HkM+dk;k ftl dkj.k os vkdj ml cfgu dks vius ?kj ys x;sA ckn esa
ckck nhf{kr ths iq’ik ekrk ds lkFk mlh ?kj esa jgdj pkj&ik¡p fnu rd ml cfgu dk bartkj djrs
jgsA tc og okil ugha vkbZ rks mUgksaus vkJe NksM+ fn;k vkSj vkWYk bafM;k Vwj ij fudy x;s(
D;ksafd fnYyh esa mudk viuk rks dksbZ fBdkuk gh ugha FkkA rks dgha #dus dk dksbZ loky gh ugha
FkkA ml le; lLrs esa vkWy bafM;k jsyos Vwj fVdV Hkh curs FksA 150 #i;s esa] 250 #i;s esa vkSj
300 #i;s esa nks&2] rhu&2 eghus ds ldqZyj :V ikl cuokdj os lkjs Hkkjr esa twu] lu~ 1982 rd
7
pDdj yxkrs jgsA fQj tc ckck nhf{kr th dkuiqj esa Fks rks dfEiyk xk¡o ds fdlh O;fDr ls mudh
eqykdkr gqbZ vkSj mlus crk;k fd vkids firkth dh rch;r Bhd ugha gS] ;fn vki ?kj igq¡ps a rks
csgrj gksxkA rks ckck nhf{kr th us mudks cryk;k fd nks fnu ds ckn gekjk fnYyh tkus dk izksxzke
gS] rks ml oDr ge dfEiyk gksrs gq, fnYyh tk;saxsA nks fnu ckn tc rd ckck ?kj vk;s rks ns[kk
fd firkth us “kjhj NksM+ fn;k FkkA mudh NksVh cgu us fØ;k deZ fd;k FkkA
blds ckn lu~ 1982 esa ckck viuh iSr`d Hkwfe dfEiyk esa vius ?kj esa gh LFkkbZ gks x;ss(
D;ksafd bUgsa rks rhu iSj i`Foh pkfg, FkhA lu~ 1983 bZ- esa iq’ik ekrk us viuh dU;k cz-dq- deyk nsoh
“kekZ dks bZ ojh; lsokFkZ ckck ds ikl ljs.Mj dj fn;k vkSj rc ls og dU;k ;K ekrk ds :i esa
ckck dh lg;ksxh cuhA gkyk¡fd lu~ 1976 ls Hkh budk Hkjiwj lg;ksx jgk gSA bl rjg ;K ekrk
deyk nsoh th }kjk /khjs&2 nwj njkt ds “kgjksa ls vkus okyh czg~ekdqekj&dqekfj;ksa dh ikfVZ;ksa dks
Kku dh visf{kr ikyuk feyus yxhA fnYyh ls] dkuiqj ls] okjk.klh ls tks Hkh ikfVZ;k¡ vkrh jgha os
Kku dh ijofj k ysrh jghaA /khjs&2 vkus okyksa dh la[;k c<+us yxhA varr% dqN le; chrus ds
i pkr~ czg~ekdqekjh bZ ojh; fo ofo|ky;] ekm.V vkcw ls czg~ek eq[k }kjk mPpkfjr f ko ds Kku jru
ftls ^eqjyh^ dgk tkrk gS muesa ls fo ks’k izkekf.kd rF;ksa ds vk/kkj ij czg~ekdqekjh lsokdsUnzksa ls
vkus okys vlUrq’V czg~ekdqekj&dqekfj;ksa us ckck ohjsUnz nso nhf{kr th }kjk dh xbZ eqjfy;ksa dh
O;k[;k dk vuqeksnu djrs gq, ^ROkeso ekrk p firk Roeso* vFkkZr~ ckck ohjsUnz nso nhf{kr th dks
f kockck dsvj vkWQ iztkfirk czg~ek ¼txr firk½ dk lkdkj :i vkSj var rd lg;ksxh cuus okyh
igyh ljsUMj dU;k iz-cz-dq- deyk nsoh th dks Kku&Kkus ojh txr ekrk ¼txnEck½ ds lkdkj ikVZ
ekrk ds :i esa fyf[kr :i esa ?kksf’kr dj fn;k x;k ¼;g ekrk ogh gS tks ;K ds vkfn esa lkå ds
Li’Vhdj.k lquus&lqukus dh izfdz;k ds fy, fufeRr cuh Fkh vkSj vc iqutZUe ysdj vk;h gS½A le;
vkus ij fo ks’k :i ls czg~ekdqekj&dqekfj;k¡ vkSj vke lkjh nqfu;k¡ bu ckrksa dh lPpkbZ dks eku gh
ysaxhA
4- joh k lDlsuk HkkbZ] v kksd ikgqtk HkkbZ vkSj izsedkUrk cgu dk iqu% dbZ ckj dfEiyk
esa vkus vkSj fojks/kh cu tkus dk flyflyk
yxHkx lu~ 84&85 esa joh k HkkbZ viuh xyfr;ksa dk i pkrki djrs gq, iqu% dfEiyk fLFkr
vk/;kfRed bZ ojh; fo ofo|ky; esa vk,A mUgksaus ;gk¡ dh lkjh ckrsa fQj ls le> djds nf{k.k
Hkkjr esa tkdj ckck dk lans k fn;k vkSj lu~ 89&90 rd vkrs&2 ,d gh o’kZ esa nf{k.k Hkkjr rFkk
vU; {ks=ksa ls ukS czg~ekdqekfj;k¡ vius&2 lsUVj NksM+dj ;gk¡ ckck ohjsUnz nso nhf{kr th vkSj ekrk
deyk nsoh th dh ns[k&js[k esa lefiZr gks xbZaA tks ljsUMj gqbZ Fkha muesa ls dbZ rks ,slh Hkh Fkha tks
ogk¡ ch-ds- vkJeksa dh bapktZ FkhaA vr% mudk czg~ekdqekjh vkJe NksM+ tkuk czg~ekdqekjh laLFkk dkss
cgqr cqjk yxk( D;ksafd os ekm.V vkcw esa ljsUMj gksus okyh FkhaA rks ,d rjg ls czg~ekdqekfj;ksa ds
chp esa gMdEi ep x;k vkSj mu }kjk lfØ; fojks/k gksus yxkA blh chp joh k HkkbZ dh cqf) iqu%
?kwe xbZA fQj os rhljh ckj lu~ 93&94 esa dfEIkyk vkJe esa vk,Anks&pkj fnu jgdj fQj pys x;sA
v kksd HkkbZ vkSj izsedkUrk cgu vyx&2 le; ij 86&87 esa nwljh ckj dfEiyk vkJe esa xzqi ds lkFk
vk;s FksA mlds ckn os fQj fojks/kh cu x,A dqN o’kZ chrus ds i pkr~ 95&96 esa mUgksaus dfEiyk
vkJe ls lEcfU/kr fnYyh “kk[kk esa vkdj fQj ls lkr fnu dk izf k{k.k fy;k Fkk] ekQhukek Hkh
fy[kk vkSj lkjh ckrsa le>dj pys x, (ysfdu lu~ 1997 vkrs&2 os iqu% fojks/kh cu x,A
blds igys v kksd HkkbZ us yanu ds ,d ifjokj ¼cz-dq- rstiky flag vkSj mudh ;qxy fcanh
ekrk½ dks vPNh rjg ls cjxyk djds mudh lkjh tehu tk;nkn fcdok ds lu~ 1987 esa mUgas vius
ikl ljsUMj djok fy;k FkkA mUgksaus yanu ls /ka/kk&/kksjh NqM+ok djds fnYyh ekWMsy Vkmu esa mudks
ykdj dbZ yk[k dh lEifRr vius dCts esa dj yhA mu yanu okyksa ds ikl Øsu vkSj thi&dkj FkhA
cSad cSysUl Hkh FkkA og lc mUgksaus vius eqëh esa djds ekWMsy Vkmu esa flQZ N% eghus ds fy, ,d
lsokdsanz Hkh [kksy fn;kA iwjh lEifRr gM+i yh vkSj fcanh ekrk dks vius dCts esa Hkh dj fy;kA blds
ifj.kke Lo:i rstiky HkkbZ vkSj v kksd HkkbZ dk >xM+k gks x;k( D;ksafd mUgksaus tkyh nLr[kr djds
cgqr lh lEifRr vius uke ij djk yh Fkh vkSj fQj mYVk mUgha ij pkj lkS chlh dk eqdnek Hkh
Bksad fn;k FkkA mu ij vkradoknh gksus dk bYtke Hkh yxk;k x;kA tc rstiky HkkbZ ds Åij 420
dk dsl dj fn;k rks os cspkjs ?kcjkdj yanu okil pys x, vkSj mUgksaus dsl dh ftEesokjh vius
firkth /keZflag th dks lkSai nhA mlh nkSjku /keZ flag th ml dksVZ dsl esa lg;ksx ysus ds fy,
8
dfEiyk esa ckck ds ikl vk,( ijarq ckck ds ikl rks flQZ Kku dh gh enn gS] tks os lquk ikrs gSaA
ckck ;g Hkh tkurs Fks fd v kksd HkkbZ ls yM+us ls dksbZ Qk;nk ugha gksxk( D;ksafd og nqfu;koh
gFkdaMksa esa cgqr rh[kk FkkA
4- iwoZ lkft k ds vuqlkj dfEiyk vkJe rFkk vkl&ikl esa
,d gh jkr esa dbZ fujkyh pksfj;k¡
lu~ 86&87 esa ipkl gtkj dh lewph lEifRRk vkJe ls pksjh gks xbZA ml lEifRRk esa eq[; fgLlk rks
izsedkUrk cfgu ds tsoj Fks] tks fd mUgksaus fnYYkh esa lefiZr gksus ds nkSjku ckck ds ikl lkSai fn;s
FksA og pksjh Hkh bl ,fj;k dh ,d fujkyh fdLe dh pksjh Fkh] tks dfEiyk {ks= essa igys dHkh ugha
gqbZA v[kckjksa esa Hkh ml pksjh dk gokYkk Nik Fkk ¼^nSfud tkxj.k*,bR;kfn ½A pksjh gksus ds 20&25
fnu igys dfEiyk Fkkus ds iqfyl dk ,d Mªkboj vkJe esa Kku ysus vFkZ vkus yxk FkkA og Kku
cgqr de lqurk Fkk( ysfdu vkJe ds vanj ?kqldj vkJe ns[kus ds fy, og T;knk ykykf;r jgrk
FkkA ckck us le> fy;k fd bldks Kku lquus esa mruh #ph ugha gS( ijarq fdlh rjg ls mlus 6&7
fnu Kku lqukA dbZ ckj mlus vkJe okyksa ls dgk Hkh Fkk fd gedks vanj fn[kk nksA rks vkJe ds
,d lg;ksxh fl;kjke HkkbZ us mldks vanj fn[kk Hkh fn;k FkkA Bhd mlds FkksM+s fnuksa ds ckn vkJe
esa pksjh gks xbZA ml le; Åij dh fcfYMax ugha cuh FkhA ¼ckn esa lu~ 91&92 eas Åij dh fcfYMax
Hkh rS;kj gqbZ tks fd ckck vkSj vkJe ds lg;ksfx;ksa us vius gh gkFkksa ls cukbZ FkhA ckgj ls dksbZ
etnwj ugha fy;k x;k Fkk½A b/kj pksjh gksus ds le; ckck mn;iqj ikVhZ ds lkFk Åij Nr ij ysVs
gq, FksA Nr ls uhps vkus ds fy;s ,d gh njoktk FkkA pksjh bl ek;us esa fujkyh Fkh fd ckgj ls
ysdj vanj rd ds njoktksa] isfV;ksa] vyekfj;ksa ds ftrus Hkh rkys Fks og lc [kksy fn;s x;sA ekLVj
dh ls ;k fdlh Hkh rjhds ls [kksy fn;s x;sA mlh jkr vkJe ds vkl&ikl mlh lM+d ij pkj vkSj
pksfj;k¡ Hkh gqbZa FkhA ml jkr esa lkjk le; fctyh Hkh xqe jghA nwljs fnu tc pksjh fy[kokus ds
fy, ckck dfEiyk Fkkus x, rks m/kj ds njksxk us fjiksVZ fy[kus esa vkukdkuh dhA xqLls esa vkdj os
xkfy;k¡ nsus yxk fd jaMhckt gS] ;gk¡ vk;k gqvk gS] ;g gS] oks gS---A tc ckck us T;knk ncko Mkyk
rks njksxk lksyadh us xkyh nsrs gq, dgk fd& fy[k nks lkys dh pksjhA D;k gksrk gS fy[kus ls\ tc
vkJe ds lg;ksxh jQhmYyk HkkbZ us njksxk dks le>k;k rks og FkksM+k “kkar gqvk( ysfdu ckdh pkj
yksxksa dh pksfj;ksa dh fjiksVZ fy[kus ls mUgksaus euk gh dj fn;kA
;g pksjh gksus ls igys dfEiyk vkJe esa ,d ckj iqfyl buDok;jh Hkh vkbZ Fkh fd ;gk¡
Hkz’Vkpkj gksrk gS] nqjkpkj gksrk gS vkSj oS ;ko`fRr gksrh gSA bl rjg dh ,d buDok;jh iqfyl ds
,l-ih- }kjk dh x;hA tc buDok;jh ds ckn ckck us ml dEiySaV dh ,d dkWih ek¡xh rks mUgksaus nsus
ls bUdkj dj fn;kA dEiySaV esa uke joh k lDlsuk dk fn;k gqvk Fkk( ysfdu tc ckck us lkbu psd
fd;k rks og joh k HkkbZ dk lkbu ugha FkkA joh k HkkbZ ds lkbu ls ckck vPNh rjg ls ifjfpr FksA
tcfd joh k HkkbZ rks ,slk pkykd] dkuwuh O;fDr ugha gS tks bl rjg dh >wBh fjiksVZ djsA
5- vk/;kfRed fo|ky; esa vkus okys T;knkrj czg~ekdqekj&dqekjh czãkdqekjh laLFkk ls
vlarq’V ;k izrkfM+r gksdj vk, gSa
ekm.V vkcw ds foi{kh czg~ekdqekj&dqekfj;ksa us dfEiyk esa ^,MokUl ikVhZ* ds :i esa py jgs bl
bZ ojh; ifjokj dk uke ^ kdj ikVhZ* j[k fn;k gS] tcfd eqjfy;ksa vkSj vO;Dr okf.k;ksa esa dgha ij
Hkh “kadj ikVhZ] fo’.kq ikVhZ ;k czg~ek ikVhZ dk uke ugha vk;k gSA ;g rks mUgksaus viuh euekuh ls uke
j[kk gSA tcfd ckck nhf{kr th dh ogh Hkk’kk jgh tks f kockck dh Hkk’kk gS( D;ksafd f kockck us rks
eqjyh esa ^,MokUl ikVhZ* dk gh ftØ fd;k gSA b/kj ekm.V vkcw dh eq[; iz kkfldk izdk kef.k nknh
ls pkjksa vksj dh czg~ekdqekjh bapktksZa us f kdk;r djuk “kq: dj fn;k fd ;g “kadj ikVhZ gekjs lHkh
QkyksvlZ dks rksM+dj dfEiyk ys tk jgh gSa] blfy, vki dqN dfj,A bl izdkj ds fl)karksa esa er
fHkUurk ds dkj.k nknh us fljksgh] jktLFkku ds ,d czg~ekdqekj ¼jktdqekj lgxy½ dks “kadj ikVhZ dk
fojks/k djus ds fy, viuk izfrfuf/k fu;qDr fd;kA nknh us muls dgk fd vki “kadj ikVhZ ds fojks/k
esa dqN u dqN eSVj fy[kdj gekjs ikl Hkst nks rkfd ge mldks vius izsl esa Nkisaxs vkSj Nik gqvk
eSVj lc czg~ekdqekjh vkJeksa esa HkstsaxsA vki og eSVj ySVlZ ds :i esa ohjsUnz nso nhf{kr dks lacksf/kr
djds Hkst nksA bl izdkj ckck ohjsUnz nso nhf{kr ds viksth ku esa <sj lkjs fizUV fd;s gq, eSVlZ lHkh

9
czg~ekkdqekjh vkJeksa esa Hksts tkus yxsA mldh Qkby ckck ds ikl vc Hkh miyC/k gS ftlesa ;g Hkh
fizUV fd;k x;k gS fd gs ohjsUnz] vki tks ok.kh pykrs gSa mls vki can dj nhft,( D;ksafd ckck
nhf{kr th rks ekm.V vkcw esa pyus okyh okf.k;ksa dk lgh DykfjfQds ku nsrs FksA ;g eqjyh dh
O;k[;k rFkkdfFkr >wBs czg~ekdqekj&dqekfj;ksa ds vanj gh vanj ,d rjg dk Hk; iSnk djrh FkhA
lu~ 87&88 ls ns k ds dksus&2 ls cgqr rsth ls ikfVZ;k¡ dfEiyk vkJe esa vkus yxhaA rks
ekm.V vkcw ls lEcfU/kr vkJeksa ds lapkyd&lapkfydkvksa us ;g dguk “kq: dj fn;k fd
vk/;kfRed bZ ojh; fo ofo|ky;] dfEiyk ls mudk dksbZ dusD ku ugha gSA tcfd mUgha ds }kjk
NikbZ xbZ fnukad 2-9-73 i`- 151 dh vO;Dr ok.kh esa ckinknk us dgk gqvk gS fd ^^,MokUl ikVhZ dk
D;k dk;Z py jgk gSA og vki yksxksa ds fy, vkt lkjh QhYM rS;kj dj jgs gSaA muds ifjokj esa
tkvks ;k u tkvks( ysfdu tks LFkkiuk dk dk;Z gksuk gS mlds fy, og fufeRRk cusaxsA ---,Mokal ikVhZ
dk rks viuk dk;Z py jgk gSA ---mudk dk;Z vkids dusD’ku ls pyuk gSA** ,MokUl ikVhZ esa ftrus
Hkh LVqMsUV vkrs gaS muesa ls 95 ijlsUV LVqMsUV ,sls gksrs gSa tks ;k rks czg~ekdqekjh vkJeksa ls izrkfM+r
gksdj ;k rks ik.Moksa dh rjg fu’dkflr gksdj vkrs gSa ;k rks bZ ojh; Kku ls lEcfU/kr viuh
“kadkvksa dk lek/kku izkIr uk gksus ds dkj.k vkrs gSa vkSj ;gk¡ vkdj mudks iwjh larqf’V feyrh gSA
;g rks oSls gh gS tSls foHkh’k.k jke dh lHkk esa igq¡p x;k Fkk A ;gk¡ ij mu uEcjokj foHkh’k.kksa dks
jkT;kfHk’ksdkFkZ Lohdkj dj fy;k tkrk gSA
lu~ 76 ls dfEiyk ls izR;{k gq, ijefirk f ko ds jFk ds }kjk ;g Li’V gks pqdk gS fd
fujkdkj ijefirk f ko fdu euq’; vkRekvksa }kjk LFkkiuk] fouk k o ikyuk dk dk;Z djk jgs gaS
vFkkZr~ czg~ek] “kadj o fo’.kq dh Hkwfedk dkSu vnk dj jgs gSaA lkjs fo o ds ekrk&firk dkSu gSa]
ftuds }kjk ijefirk f ko lkjh nqfu;k¡ dks vfouk kh lq[k& kkfUr dk olkZ nsrs gS vkSj tks fo o
egkjktu Jh ukjk;.k o fo o egkjkuh Jh y{eh ds :Ik esa bl l`f’V ij jkT; djsaxsA vkus okyh ubZ
nqfu;k¡ ¼iSjkMkbt ;k tUUkr½ dSlh gksxh o ml LoxhZ; nqfu;k¡ ds igys iRrs vFkkZr~ Jhd`’.k o Jhjk/ks
dkSu cusaxs\ bl izdkj lu~ 1976 ls ijekRek f ko }kjk fn;s tk jgs ,Mokal Kku esa gesa ;g Hkh
crk;k x;k gS fd fdl izdkj 5000 o’kZ ds bl l`f’V :ih ukVd dh bl laxe;qx esa “kwfVax ;k
fjglZy gksrh gSA bl euq’; l`f’V ds cht dkSu gaS] laxe;qx esa dSls lHkh /keksZ dh cht:ih o
vk/kkjewrZ vkRek,a ijefirk f ko ls vlyh Kku ysrh gSa rFkk }kij;qx ls viuk&viuk /keZ LFkkiu
djrs gaSA euq’; vkRek,a vf/kd ls vf/kd 84 tUe dSls ysrh gaS rFkk bu tUeksa esa muds mRFkku o
iru dh uho laxe;qx esa dSLks j[kh tkrh gS\ bl Kku ls Hkh Å¡ps jkt;ksx vFkkZr~ jktkvksa dk jktk
cukus dh f k{kk] kfDr o ekxZn kZu Lo;a ijekREkk ns jgs gSaA ijekRek dk /kjrh ij vkus dk y{; gh
gS fo o /keksZ dh lHkh vkRekvksa dks ,d lw= esa cka/kdj izk;%yksi gq, vkfn lukru nsoh&nsork /keZ dh
LFkkiuk djuk rFkk euq’; ls nsork cukukA uj ,sls deZ djs tks uj vTkqZu ls ukjk;.k cus vkSj ukjh
nzkSinh ,sls deZ djs tks y{eh cusA bl Yk{; dks izkIr djus ds fy, nks lk/ku gaS&bZ ojh; Kku o
jkt;ksxA bl Kku dk ,Mokal fu% kqYd izf k{k.k dfEiyk fLFkr eq[;ky; ¼feuh e/kqcu½ }kjk fn;k
tkrk gS rFkk Hkkjro’kZ esa QSyh bldh fofHkUu vUrjkZT;h; “kk[kkvksa rFkk xhrk ikB kkykvksa }kjk Hkh
fn;k tkrk gSA
^eqjyh* mls dgrs gSa tks nknk ys[kjkt czg~ek ds eq[k }kjk lqizhe lksy f ko us mPpkjk gSA
nknk ys[kjkt czg~ek dh vkRek “kjhj NksM+us ds ckn cz- dq- ân; eksfguh ¼xqytkj nknh½ esa izos k
djds tks dqN Hkh cksyrh gS og ^vO;Dr ok.kh* gSA eqjyh gekjk i| gS vkSj vO;Dr ok.kh x| gSA
budks gh ^Jher* dgk tkrk gSA ;gk¡ Jher ds vk/kkj ij gh lkjh ckras le>kbZ tkrh gSaA ns k&fons k
ds czg~ekdqekjh vkJeksa ls tks czg~ekdqekj&dqekjh vkrs gSa] ftUgkasus eqjyh@vO;Dr ok.kh dks ekU;rk nh
gSSa ]eq[koa kkoyh czkã.k cus gSa ogh bu ckrksa dks le> ldrs gSaA ckdh nsg/kkfj;ksa ds izHkko esa pyus
okys dq[koa kkoyh czkã.kksa ds fy, ;g Kku le> ikuk cgqr eqf dy gSA f kockck us eqjyh esa dgk
Hkh gS& ^^ eqjyh ls I;kj ekuk eqjyh/kj ls I;kjA** ;gk¡ ij lquk, tkus okys rF; os gSa ]tks xhrk esa
i<+s tkrs gSaA tSls xhrk esa ,d “yksd gS ^xqg~;kr~ xqg~;rje Kkue*& vFkkZr~ eSa xqg~; rs xqg~; jkt
lqukrk gw¡A ekuk lqizhe lksy f ko }kjk nknk ys[kjkt czãk ds ek/;e ls ekm.V vkcw esa tks Kku
lquk;k x;k og xqá Kku rks Fkk( ysfdu f kockck }kjk lqizhe Vhpj ds :i esa ml xqá Kku dk Hkh
vuks[kk Li’Vhdj.k ;gk¡ dfEiyk esa ckck ohjsUnz nso nhf{kr th }kjk vc fn;k tk jgk gSaA bl dkj.k
fcuk dksbZ izn kZuh] esyk&lEesyu] dkWUÝsUl vkfn ,MojVkbtesaV fd, rFkkdfFkr
czg~ekdqekj&dqekfj;k¡ Lor% gh vius&2 lsUVlZ NksM+dj dfEIkyk vk jgs gSa vkSj ;gk¡ ls tks
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czg~ekdqekj&dqekfj;k¡ ,MokUl dkslZ le>dj tkrs gSa muds Åij ch-ds- lsUVlZ ds ljijLr ^“kadj
ikVhZ* dk yscy yxkdj mudks lkoZtfud dgs tkus okys vius lsUVlZ ls rqjar gh fu’dkflr dj nsrs
gSaA ;gk¡ rd fd muls ckr Hkh ugha djrs gSa vkSj dHkh&2 /kDds ekjdj Hkh fudky nsrs gSa ;k ckgqcy
dk iz;ksx djrs gSaA f kockck us eqjyhsa esa bu /kDdk [kk;s czg~ekdqekjksa dh igpku ns kfudkyk ik,
egkHkkjr izfl) ik¡Moksa ds :i esa nh gS ftUgksaus yacs le; rd jktk nzqin dh uxjh dkfEiY; uxj esa
xqIr okl fd;k FkkA
vk-bZ-fo-fo-] dfEiyk dk lapkyu flQZ Jher ds vk/kkj ij gh gksrk gSA ;g dksbZ laLFkk ugha
gSA ;g rks ,d cgqr cM+k bZ ojh; vykSfdd czkg~e.k ifjokj gS] ?kj&x`gLFk vkJe gSA bldk izek.k
ekm.V vkcw ls gh Nkih xbZ vO;Dr ok.kh rk- 22-4-84 i`-265 esa gS ftlesa ckinknk us dgk gS fd ^^;g
oaMjQqy fo o fOk|ky; gS] ns[kus esa ?kj Hkh gS( ysfdu cki gh lr f k{kd gS] ?kj Hkh gS vkSj fo|ky;
Hkh gSA blfy, dbZ yksx le> ugha ldrs gSa fd ;g ?kj gS ;k fo|ky; gS( ysfdu ?kj Hkh gS vkSj
fo|ky; Hkh gSA** D;ksafd ;gk¡ lcls Js’B ikB vFkkZr~ l`f’V ds vkfn&e/;&var dk Kku vkSj jkt;ksx
i<+k;k tkrk gS vkSj vius pkSjklh tUeksa ds ikVZ dks tkuus dk Kku fn;k tkrk gSA blh tUe esa ^uj
ls ukjk;.k vkSj ukjh ls y{eh* cuus dk y{; fn;k tkrk gSS] tcfd czg~ekdqekjh vkJe esa ;g y{;
fn;k tkrk gSS fd orZeku “kjhj NksM+dj vxys tUe esa jk/ks&d`’.k tSls fizUl&fizUlst cuuk gSA blds
vykok eqjyh esa ;g Hkh crk;k x;k fd ^^;g ?kj dk ?kj Hkh gS vkSj ;g ;wfuoflZVh Hkh gS vkSj bldks
gh xkWM Qknjyh oYMZ ;wfuoflZVh dgk tkrk gS( D;ksafd lkjh nqfu;k¡ ds euq’; ek= dh ln~xfr gksrh
gSA fj;y oYMZ ;wfuoflZVh ;g gSA ?kj dk ?kj Hkh gS] ekrk&firk ds lEeq[k cSBs gSaA fQj ;wfuoflZVh
gS] fLizPkqvy Qknj cSBk gqvk gSA ;g :gkuh ukWyst gS ¼tks½ :gkuh cki }kjk feyrh gSA fLizpqvy
ukyst flok; fLizpqvy Qknj ds dksbZ euq’; ns ugha ldrkA mudks gh Kku dk lkxj dgk tkrk
gSA** ¼fjokbt+ eq- fn- 5-9-86 i`- 1½A bl vk/kkj ij T;knkrj vtZqu tSls x`gLFkh ik¡Mo gh ;g Kku
/kkj.k djrs gSaA
fiNys nks n kdksa ls Hkh vf/kd le; ls iwjs Hkkjro’kZ ls vkSj fons k ls Hkh vk, gq,
czg~ekdqekj&dqekfj;k¡ f[kap djds vk-bZ-fo-fo-] dfEiyk esa vk jgs gSaA b/kj vkdj os lkjs ,MokUl
ukyst dks le>rs gSaA lkr fnu rd vkJe esa jgdj jkr&fnu v[kaM f kfoj HkV~Bh djrs gSaA
czg~ekdqekjh laLFkk }kjk izdkf kr Kku eqjfy;ksa vkSj v-okf.k;ksa esa fn;s x;s b kkjksa ds vk/kkj ij ;gk¡
vkus okys lHkh czg~ekdqekj&dqekjh LosPNk ls uksVjh LVkEi isij ij ,QhMsfoV esa fu p; i=
fy[k&fy[kdj nsrs vk;s gSa fd ;g gekjs txrfirk gSa vkSj ;g gekjh txrekrk gSaA bl izdkj ;g
jkt;ksx Hkëh djus vkSj fu p; i= nsus okyksa dks iztkfirk czg~ekdqekj&dqekjh ¼P.B.K.½ dgrs gSaA
viuh LosPNk ls ;g fu p; i= fy[kdj nsus ds ckotwn Hkh dbZ iqjkus ih-ch-dst+ bl bZ ojh; ifjokj
dks NksM+dj pys x;s gSa vkSj dqN HkwriwoZ ih-ch-dst+ us ;k muds QkyksvlZ us mudks ^f kockck* ?kksf’kr
dj fn;k gS] ftuesa vgenkckn ds n kjFk iVsy HkkbZ] eqEcbZ ds lrh k esgrk HkkbZ] gSnjkckn ds
ukxjkt HkkbZ bR;kfn ds uke mYys[kuh; gSA blfy, ;gk¡ ij dqN o’kksZa ls ih-ch-dst+ }kjk dksVZ ds
LVkEi isilZ ij fu p; i=ksa dk ,QhMsfoV Q#Z[kkckn dpgjh esa cuok;k tkrk gS] rkfd dksbZ Hkfo’;
esa ;g u dg lds fd geus fu p; i= fn;k gh ughaA
ekm.V vkcw esa pyh fjokbt eqjyh 24-3-92 i`-3 esa f kockck us cksyk gS fd ^^rqEgkjk ijefirk
ijekRek ls D;k lEcU/k gS\ tc rd bl ckr dk ,D;wjsV tokc fy[k dj u nsosa rc rd ckck dk
feyuk gh Qkyrw gSA** ,D;wjsV tokc dk eryc gS orZeku le; lqizhe lksy f ko T;ksfrZfcanq] fdl
lkdkj ru esa bl l`f’V ij dk;Z dj jgk gS vkSj ml lkdkj O;fDr dk uke] :i] ns k] dky D;k
gSA tc rd bl ckr dk irk gh ugha rks ijekRek ls lEcE/k dSls tksMk+ tk ldrk gS \
ns k&fons k ds czg~ekdqekjh vkJeksa ls tks czg~ekdqekj&dqekjh vkrs gSa] ftUgkasus eqjyh@vO;Dr
ok.kh dks ekU;rk nh gSSa] og eq[koa kkoyh czkã.k gh bu ckrksa dks le> ldrs gSaA ckdh nsg/kkfj;ksa ds
izHkko esa pyus okys dq[koa kkoyh czkã.kksa ds fy;s ;g Kku le> ikuk cgqr eqf dy gSA v-ok- 18-1-
07] i`-5 ¼e/;½ esa v-ckinknk us Li’V dgk gqvk gS fd ^^---eqjyh ls I;kj vFkkZr~ eqjyh/kj ls I;kjA
dksbZ dgs eqjyh/kj ls rks I;kj gS( ysfdu eqjyh dHkh&2 lqu ysrs gSa] ckinknk dgrs gSa ckinknk mldks
I;kj] ugha le>rs gSaA I;kj fuHkkuk vyx gS] I;kj djuk vyx gSA ftldks eqjyh ls I;kj gS og gSa
I;kj fuHkkus okys vkSj eqjyh ls I;kj ugha rks I;kj djus okyksa dh fyLV esa gSa] fuHkkus okys ughaA**
vkse~“kkafrA

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