CONTROL CHARTS

Control charts are one of the most commonly used tools in statistical process control. Control charts, also known as Shewhart charts or process behavior charts CONTROL CHARTS are tools used to determine whether a manufacturing or business process is in a state of statistical control The control chart was invented by WALTER A SHEWART in

1920s

CONTROL CHARTS FOR ATTRIBUTES

CONTROL CHARTS FOR VARIABLES

CONTROL CHARTS FOR VARIABLES

CONTROL CHARTS FOR VARIABLES

Mean(X-Bar) charts

Range (R)charts

Mean(X-Bar) charts, Rcharts

X bar and R chart are types of control charts used to monitor a variable's data when samples are collected at regular intervals from a business or industrial process

Compute the mean of all samples mean. = = 1 + 2+............ k -------------------K

x x x

= X= Avg of the sample means.

= Upper control limit (UCL) = X + A2 R

Lower control limit (LCL) = = X A2R

Range R Charts

Mean(X-Bar) charts, Rcharts

Capability is a measure of the ability of a process to meet specified requirements Process capability measurement can be made using the data that is obtained for the control chart The capability assessment compares the process with the specified requirements Process capability is determined by a comparison of process performance versus specification Process capability depends on specification limits Depends on process spread (i.e. the standard deviation),Depends on the process average Is determined by use of control charts

PROCESS CAPABILITY
A Capable Process

PROCESS SPREAD ` SPECIFIED TOLERANCES

PROCESS CAPABILITY
An Incapable Process

SPECIFIED TOLERANCES ` PROCESS SPREAD

Process capability

Initial Process Capability Study

On-going Process Capability Study

Initial Process Capability Study

An Initial Process Capability Study is conducted to obtain early information on a new or revised process An On-going Process Capability Study An On-going Process Capability Study uses data from a longer time period to include all common causes of process variation Both studies use control charts

Process Potential:
Measures the best that the process can do;
Depends on the process variation and spread; The spread is taken to be 6s; Compares the spread of the process with the width

of the specification.

Capability Index Calculations

Cp = (USL LSL)/6*Std.dev

No
IF Cp>1

Yes

Process is not capable

Process is capable