S GD& T NGH AN K THI CH N H C SINH GI I T NH L P 12

NM H C 2009 - 2010
Mn thi: HO H C - THPT B NG B
Th i gian: 180 pht (khng k th i gian giao )
Cu 1 (3,0 i m).
t chy hon ton 1,60 gam m t este n ch c E thu c 3,52 gam CO
2
v 1,152 gam
n c.
1. Tm cng th c phn t c a E.
2. Cho 10 gam E tc d ng v i NaOH v a , c c n dung dch sau ph n ng thu c 14
gam ch t r n khan G. Cho G tc d ng v i dung dch H
2
SO
4
long thu c G
1
khng phn
nhnh. Tm cng th c c u t o c a E v vi t cc ph ng trnh ph n ng.
3. X l m t ng phn c a E, X tc d ng v i NaOH t o ra m t ancol m khi t chy hon
ton m t th tch h i ancol ny c n 3 th tch kh O
2
o cng i u ki n (nhi t v p su t).
Xc nh cng th c c u t o v g i tn c a X
Cu 2 (3,0 i m).
S c kh A vo dung dch ch a ch t B ta c r n C mu vng v dung dch D.
Kh X c mu vng l c tc d ng v i kh A t o ra C v F. N u X tc d ng v i kh A trong n c
t o ra Y v F, r i thm BaCl
2
vo dung dch th c k t t a tr ng. A tc d ng v i dung dch ch t
G l mu i nitrat kim lo i t o ra k t t a H mu en. t chy H b i oxi ta c ch t l ng I mu
tr ng b c.
Xc nh A, B, C, F, G, H, I, X, Y v vi t ph ng trnh ha h c c a cc ph n ng.
Cu 3 (4,0 i m).
1. Ch t X c cng th c phn t C
8
H
15
O
4
N. T X c hai bi n ha sau:
C
8
H
15
O
4
N
0
t , OH dungdichNa
C
5
H
7
O
4
NNa
2
+ CH
4
O + C
2
H
6
O
C
5
H
7
O
4
NNa
2

l dungdichHC
C
5
H
10
O
4
NCl + NaCl
Bi t : C
5
H
7
O
4
NNa
2
c m ch cacbon khng phn nhnh v c nhm NH
2
v tr . Xc nh
cng th c c u t o c th c c a X v vi t ph ng trnh ha h c c a cc ph n ng theo hai bi n ha
trn d i d ng cng th c c u t o.
2. H p ch t A c cng th c C
9
H
8
c kh nng k t t a v i dung dch AgNO
3
trong NH
3
v
ph n ng v i brom trong CCl
4
theo t l mol 1 : 2. un nng A v i dung dch KMnO
4
t i khi
h t mu tm, r i thm l ng d dung dch HCl c vo h n h p sau ph n ng th y c k t t a
tr ng l axit benzoic ng th i gi i phng kh CO
2
v Cl
2
. Xc nh cng th c c u t o c a A
v vi t ph ng trnh ha h c c a cc ph n ng x y ra.
Cu 4 (3,0 i m).
Cho h n h p Y g m ba kim lo i K, Zn, Fe vo n c d thu c 6,72 lt kh (ktc) v cn
l i ch t r n B khng tan c kh i l ng 14,45 gam. Cho B vo 100 ml CuSO
4
3M, thu c
ch t r n C c kh i l ng 16,00 gam. Xc nh kh i l ng m i kim lo i trong Y?
Cu 5 (3,0 i m).
1. T kh thin nhin v cc ch t v c c n thi t, thi t b ph n ng y . Hy vi t ph ng
thi chnh th c
( thi g m 02 trang)
trnh i u ch cc ch t sau: mH
2
NC
6
H
4
COONa v pH
2
NC
6
H
4
COONa
2. Hai h p ch t th m A v B l ng phn c cng th c phn t C
n
H
2n-8
O
2
. H i B c kh i
l ng ring 5,447 gam/lt ( ktc). A c kh nng ph n ng v i Na gi i phng H
2
v c ph n
ng trng g ng. B ph n ng c v i NaHCO
3
gi i phng kh CO
2
.
a) Vi t cng th c c u t o c a A v B.
b) Trong cc c u t o c a A c ch t A
1
c nhi t si nh nh t. Hy xc nh cng th c c u
t o ng c a A
1
.
c) Vi t cc ph ng trnh ph n ng chuy n ha ocrezol thnh A
1
.
Cu 6 (4,0 i m).
1.Cho 20,80 gam h n h p Fe, FeS, FeS
2
, S tc d ng v i dung dch HNO
3
c nng d thu
c V lt kh NO
2
(l s n ph m kh duy nh t, o ktc) v dung dch A. Cho A tc d ng v i
dung dch Ba(OH)
2
d thu c 91,30 gam k t t a. Tnh V?
2. Cho m gam h n h p hai kim lo i Fe, Cu (trong Fe chi m 30% v kh i l ng) vo 50
ml dung dch HNO
3
n ng 63% (d = 1,38 gam/ml) un nng, khu y u h n h p t i cc
ph n ng hon ton thu c r n A cn n ng 0,75 m gam, dung dch B v 6,72 lt h n h p kh
NO
2
v NO ( ktc). H i c c n dung dch B th thu c bao nhiu gam mu i khan? (Gi s
trong qu trnh un nng HNO
3
bay h i khng ng k )
(Cho H=1, C=12, N=14, O=16, Na=23, S=32, K =39, Fe=56, Cu=64, Zn=65, Ba=137)
- - - H t - - -
H v tn th sinh:................................................................... S bo danh:.......................
S GD& T NGH AN K THI CH N H C SINH GI I T NH L P 12
NM H C 2009 - 2010
H NG D N V BI U I M CH M THI CHNH TH C
Mn thi: HO H C - THPT B NG B
(H ng d n v bi u i m g m 04 trang)
Cu N i dung i m
Cu 1 2,5
a) L p lu n ra cng th c phn t c a E l C
5
H
8
O
2
0,5
b) n
E
= n
NaOH
= 0,1 mol m
NaOH
= 4 (g) m
E
+ m
NaOH
= m
G
V y E ph i c c u t o m ch vng, cng th c c u t o c a E l
CH
2
CH
2
CH
2
CH
2
C
O
O
0,5
0,25
CH
2
CH
2
CH
2
CH
2
C
O
O
+ NaOH
HO - (CH
2
)
4
- COONa
2HO-(CH
2
)
4
-COONa + H
2
SO
4
2HO-(CH
2
)
4
-COOH + Na
2
SO
4
(G
1
)
0,25
0,25
c) Ancol sinh ra do th y phn X l C
2
H
5
OH
V y cng th c c u t o c a X l CH
2
=CHCOOC
2
H
5
(etyl acrylat)
0,5
0,25
Cu 2 2,5
A : H
2
S; B : FeCl
3
; C : S ; F : HCl ; G : Hg(NO
3
)
2
; H : HgS ; I : Hg ;
X : Cl
2
; Y : H
2
SO
4
Khng c n l lu n ch c n xc nh ng cc ch t v vi t ph ng trnh cho i m t i a
Ph ng trnh ha h c c a cc ph n ng :
H
2
S + 2FeCl
3
2FeCl
2
+ S+ + 2HCl (1)
Cl
2
+ H
2
S S + 2HCl (2)
4Cl
2
+ H
2
S + 4H
2
O 8HCl + H
2
SO
4
(3)
BaCl
2
+ H
2
SO
4
BaSO
4
+ 2HCl (4)
H
2
S + Hg(NO
3
)
2
HgS+ + 2HNO
3
(5)
HgS + O
2

0
t
Hg + SO
2
(6)
Cc ph ng trnh (2), (4) m i ph ng trnh cho 0,25 i m, ring ph ng trnh (1), (3), (5)
v (6) m i ph ng trnh cho 0,5 i m
2,5
Cu 3 4,0
1 2,0
Theo i u ki n bi ra th X c hai cng th c c u t o sau :
CH
3
OOCCH
2
CH
2
CHCOOC
2
H
5
ho c :
NH
2
C
2
H
5
OOCCH
2
CH
2
CHCOOCH
3
NH
2
0,5
Cc ph ng trnh c a ph n ng :
CH
3
OOCCH
2
CH
2
CHCOOC
2
H
5
+ 2NaOH
0
t
NH
2
NaOOCCH
2
CH
2
CHCOONa + CH
3
OH + C
2
H
5
OH
NH
2
C
2
H
5
CH
2
CH
2
CH(NH
2
)COOCH
3
+2NaOH
0
t
NaOOCCH
2
CH
2
CH(NH
2
)COONa + CH
3
OH + C
2
H
5
OH
NaOOCCH
2
CH
2
CH(NH
2
)COONa + 3HCl
0
t
HOOCCH
2
CH
2
CHCOOH + 2NaCl
NH
3
Cl
0,5
0,5
2 2,0
A tc d ng v i dung dch AgNO
3
trong NH
3
suy ra A c lin k t ba u m ch. A tc d ng
v i Br
2
/CCl
4
theo t l mol 1:2. V y A c hai lin k t t g c hidrocacbon m ch h .
Cng th c c u t o c a A l : C
6
H
5
CH
2
CCH
0,25
0,25
Cc ph ng trnh ph n ng :
C
6
H
5
CH
2
CCH + AgNO
3
+ NH
3

0
t
C
6
H
5
CH
2
CCAg++ NH
4
NO
3
C
6
H
5
CH
2
CCH + 2Br
2
C
6
H
5
CH
2
CBr
2
CHBr
2
3C
6
H
5
CH
2
CCH +14 KMnO
4

0
t
3C
6
H
5
COOK +5K
2
CO
3
+KHCO
3
+14MnO
2
+
4H
2
O
MnO
2
+ 4HCl
0
t
MnCl
2
+ Cl
2
+ 2H
2
O
C
6
H
5
COOK + HCl C
6
H
5
COOH+ + KCl
K
2
CO
3
+ 2HCl 2KCl + H
2
O + CO
2
KHCO
3
+ HCl KCl + H
2
O + CO
2
0,25
0,25
0,25
0,25
0,25
0,25
Cu 4 3,0
G i a, b, c l s mol c a K, Zn, Fe c trong h n h p Y. C hai tr ng h p :
Tr ng h p 1 : a > 2b : d KOH B ch c Fe
Ph ng trnh ph n ng : Fe + Cu
2+
Fe
2+
+ Cu
S mol Cu
2+
= 0,1.3=0,3 mol
0,25
N u Cu
2+
k t t a h t th d Fe m
Cu
=0,3.64=19,2 (gam) > 16 (gam) lo i
V y Cu
2+
ch a k t t a h t, Fe tan h t n
Fe
=n
Cu
= 25 , 0
64
16
= (mol)
m
B
=0,25.56=14 (gam) < 14,45 (gam) lo i
0,25
0,25
Tr ng h p 2 : a < 2b : KOH h t, Zn d B ch c Zn, Fe
2K + 2H
2
O 2KOH + H
2
a a a/2
2KOH + Zn K
2
ZnO
2
+ H
2
a a/2 a a/2
S mol H
2
=
2
a
2
a
+ = ) mol ( 3 , 0
4 , 22
72 , 6
= a=0,3
(H c sinh vi t ph ng trnh Zn v dung dch KOH d ng ph c cho i m t i a)
0,25
0,25
0,50
m
B
=65(b
2
a
) +56c = 14,45 (1)
Fe, Zn ph n ng v i Cu
2+
c d Cu
2+
nn Fe, Zn h t
Zn + Cu
2+
Zn
2+
+ Cu
Fe + Cu
2+
Fe
2+
+ Cu
S mol Cu t o ra = 25 , 0
64
16
=
b 25 , 0 c
2
a
= + (2)
gi i h ph ng trnh (1) v (2) ta c b = c = 0,2
H n h p Y : m
K
=39.0,3 =11,7 (gam)
m
Zn
=65.0,2 = 13,0 (gam)
m
Fe
=56.0,2 = 11,2 (gam)
0,5
0,25
0,5
Cu 5 3,0
1 1,5
CH
4
+ Cl
2

as
CH
3
Cl + HCl
C
6
H
6
+ CH
3
Cl
0
3
t , AlCl
C
6
H
5
CH
3
+ HCl
i u ch pH
2
NC
6
H
4
COONa
C
6
H
5
CH
3
+ HNO
3( c)

0
4 2
t , SO H
p-O
2
N-C
6
H
4
CH
3
+ H
2
O
5 p-O
2
N-C
6
H
4
CH
3
+ 6KMnO
4
+9 H
2
SO
4

0
t
5 p-O
2
N-C
6
H
4
COOH +6MnSO
4
+
3K
2
SO
4
+ 14H
2
O
p-O
2
N-C
6
H
4
COOH + 6H
+HCl Fe
p-H
2
N-C
6
H
4
COOH + 2H
2
O
p-H
2
N-C
6
H
4
COOH + NaOH p-H
2
N-C
6
H
4
COONa + H
2
O
0,75
i u ch mH
2
NC
6
H
4
COONa
5C
6
H
5
CH
3
+ 6KMnO
4
+9 H
2
SO
4

0
t
5C
6
H
5
COOH +6MnSO
4
+ 3K
2
SO
4
+ 14H
2
O
C
6
H
5
COOH + HNO
3( c)

0
4 2
t , SO H
m-O
2
N-C
6
H
4
COOH + H
2
O
m-O
2
N-C
6
H
4
COOH + 6H
+HCl Fe
p-H
2
N-C
6
H
4
COOH + 2H
2
O
m-H
2
N-C
6
H
4
COOH + NaOH p-H
2
N-C
6
H
4
COONa + H
2
O
(i u ch c m i ch t cho 0,75 i m. H c sinh lm cch khc nh ng ng cho i m t i
a)
0,75
2 2,5
a) M
B
=5,447.22,4 = 122 (gam) 14n + 24 = 122 n = 7. V y cng th c phn
t c a A v B l C
7
H
6
O
2
0,5
A + Na H
2
A + AgNO
3
/NH
3
A t p ch c c 1 nhm OH v 1 nhm CHO
0,25
A c ba cng th c c u t o :
OH
CHO CHO
OH
CHO
OH
0,25
B + NaHCO
3
CO
2
V y B c cng th c c u t o :
COOH
0,25
b)
A
1
l
OH
CHO
v A
1
c lin k t H n i phn t , nn nhi t si th p h n so v i 2 ng phn cn l i
0,25
a) Ph ng trnh chuy n ha o-cresol thnh A
1
o-HO-C
6
H
4
-CH
3
+ Cl
2

1 : 1 , as
o-HO-C
6
H
4
-CH
2
Cl + HCl
o-HO-C
6
H
5
-CH
2
Cl + 2NaOH
0
t
o-NaO-C
6
H
5
-CH
2
OH + 2NaCl +H
2
O
o-NaO-C
6
H
5
-CH
2
OH + CuO
0
t
o-NaO-C
6
H
5
-CHO + H
2
O + Cu
o-NaO-C
6
H
5
-CHO + HCl
0
t
o-HO-C
6
H
5
-CHO + NaCl
0,25
0,25
0,25
0,25
Cu 6 4,0
1 2,0
Do s n ph m cu i cng khi cho h n h p tc d ng v i HNO
3
c nng c Fe
3+
, SO
4
2-
nn
c th coi h n h p ban u l Fe v S. G i x v y l s mol c a Fe v S, s mol c a NO
2
l a
Fe Fe
+3
+ 3e
x x 3x
S S
+6
+ 6e
y y 6y
N
+5
+ e N
+4
a a a
0,5
A tc d ng v i Ba(OH)
2
Fe
3+
+ 3OH
-
Fe(OH)
3
Ba
2+
+ SO
4
2-
BaSO
4
0,5
Ta c h ph ng trnh
56x + 32 y = 20,8
107x + 233y = 91,3

Gi i ra
x = 0 , 2
y = 0 , 3

0,5
Theo nh lu t b o ton electron : 3x + 6y = a = 3.0,2 + 6.0,3 = 2,4
V = 2,4.22,4 = 53,76 (lt)
0,5
Kh i l ng Fe = 0,3m (g); kh i l ng r n A = 0,75 m(g). Suy ra l ng Fe ph n ng =
0,25 m Fe d ; Cu ch a ph n ng. Dung dch B ch a Fe(NO
3
)
2
, khng c
Fe(NO
3
)
3
v Cu(NO
3
)
2
0,5
n
h n h pkh =
6,72/22,4= 0,3 mol
S mol HNO
3
=
69 , 0
63 . 100
63 . 38 , 1 . 50
=
(mol)
0,5
2
Fe Fe
+2
+ 2e
NO
3
-
+ 3e NO
NO
3
-
+e NO
2
S mol NO
3
-
t o mu i = 0,69 0,3 = 0,39 (mol)
Kh i l ng Fe(NO
3
)
2
=
1
.0, 39(56 62.2) 35,1( )
2
g + = (gam)
1,0
Ghi ch : Th sinh lm cch khc nh ng ng v n cho i m t i a,
ph ng trnh ha h c ghi thi u i u ki n tr i s i m.