Kevin Aragones 1INP01 Bioethics Maam Nina Nitorreda Outline I. About William David Ross A.

Scottish philosopher born on April 15, 1877 in Thurso, Scotland B. He attended Royal High School in Edinburgh and Edinburgh University C. 1915: Ross joined World War I and became Deputy Secretary in the Ministry of Munitions D. 1938: Ross was made Knight of the British Empire E. He completed numerous contributions to the translations and interpretations of Aristotles works and to moral philosophy 1. Aristotles Metaphysics 2. Nicomachean Ethics F. His The Right and The Good was the most important works on moral philosophy II. Prima Facie Latin: at first sight Prima Facie is a duty that is binding or obligatory of other things equal, that is, unless it is trumped by another duty

A. Duty of Fidelity 1. It is the persons duty to comply strict rules or promises 2. This is also based on your prior acts 3. If you promise or to refrain from doing something, then you are obliged to make one of these choices B. Duty Reparation 1. The person is responsible for performing a wrong or injury undone 2. Included under fidelity 3. If you perform C. Duty of Gratitude 1. Gratitude: thankfulness 2. It is our duty to repay kindness or generosity to others 3. These are based on the acts of others towards you a. Friends b. Family/Relatives c. Employer/Employee D. Duty of Justice 1. Based on the need to distribute goods and services fairly in accordance with merits of the concerned people E. Duty of Beneficience F. Duty of Self-Improvement 1. Self-improvement: improving ones mind or character through their own efforts 2. These are based on the fact that we shall never neglect to improve our own condition in life 3. If you can make yourself better with respect on your own condition, then you should do so

4. According to Garrett, by improving ones happiness, health, wisdom, and moral goodness will result in increasing the well-being of others G. Duty of Non-Maleficience 1. Duties in never harming others 2. If you are in a position to avoid or prevent from hurting someone, then you are obliged to avoid to prevent injury