PROFILE: RATANA TELE SERVICE

CHAPTER - 1 GENERAL

1.1 1.2

Name Constitution :

M/S RATANA TELE SERVICE

Proprietorship

Date of Incorporation 1.3 Regd. Office/Adm. Office :

: 2/301, Rubi Trade Center Nr. Gitanjali Cinema, Varachha Road, Surat-395006

1.4

Nam of Prom e oter Partners

Rupeshbhai N.Seth

1.5 providing service

Existing Business

The promoter has expertise in The Private telephone exchange

1.6 1.7

Proposed Business Main Products

: :

Same as above Land-line telephone exchange with multi company network & internet service

CHAPTER -2 Page 1 of 34

PROFILE: RATANA TELE SERVICE BACKGROUND OF THE COMPANY R tn te S rv e is a p p to ip firm a d h s b e a a le e ic ro rie rsh n a en p m te b y u g ro o d y o n entrepreneur, M Rupesh Narottam r das Sheth H an his broth e d ers w ere initially in the textile parts industry and com enced trading and retailing m shop in Surat in w back in ay 1998. The firm nam w R K Corporation e as and it grew w ithin 10 years in m ulti-locational unit having vast custom er b s . S ra is c lle ae u t a d th c n r fo th sy th tic c th p c s in a d th re a a e e te r e n e lo ro e s g n e re s mn a ay s 500 su ch pro cessin u its in th city an g n e d surrounding area. He also involved in yarn m anufacturing process. He established the unit at- Pipodra nam ed R.K. Associates engaged in m anufacturing of high-bulking yarn from last 2 year. The fam already engaged in private telephone exchange service ily nam w ed ith Ratna Telenet at m ahidharpura & having the m ore than 1500 Satisfied custom er & also having the private telephone exchange at varachha nam w Ratna tele service w having e ith ith m ore than 200 custom er. The prom oter evaluated that it is lot of opportunity for better grow in the field of com unication & th m internet service, H ence the prom oter decided to expand the Varachha private telephone exchange for better prospects. They have also tie-up w ith fam com ily pany nam ed M Airlink Privet /S Ltd. For providing internet service.

CHAPTER - 3 MANAGEMENT EVALUTION 1. AND THEIR BACKGROUND The present project has been sponsored by the Sheth Family. They represent generation old name in the business activity in Surat market. At present they are engaged in the trading Page 2 of 34

PROFILE: RATANA TELE SERVICE of textiles machinery spare operation of private telephone exchanges, turnkey contractor for laying & maintaining Optical fibre network of telecommunication operators person: Mr.Rupesh N. Sheth aged around 34 years, a commerce graduate, joined his family business of machinery spare/part trading. He was also involved in CATV activity as well as OFC maintenance activity. He has business interest in a )R.K.Cable net Private Limited.-as Director, b) M/s Fibre valley as proprietor ,c) Ratna Tele Service as proprietor & d) Ratnatelenet as partner. Mr. Anil N.Sheth aged around 41 year a commerce graduate, joined his family business of machinery spare/parts trading.later on he was involved in Cabel TV activity under R.K.. Cable Net Private Limited. Soon thereafter along with the Cable TV activity the company aslodevrsified in to Optical Fibre Cable Network maintenance for large Telecom companies like BhartiAirtel, Reliance Communication, Birla AT & T etc. He is also instrumental in setting up small private telephone exchange in Surat under separate concerns. Mr. Anil Sheth has business interest in a) M/s Rainer as proprietor, b)Silvassa Spares & Service as proprietor & c) Ratnatelenet as partner. To summarize, the promoters have adequate business expertise, sound progress. financial backing and un-quenching desire for

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PROFILE: RATANA TELE SERVICE

C A H PTER -4 PRODUCT / SERVICE

T e firm h s b e p m te b S e F m , o e o th h a e n ro o d y h th a ily n f e fo n e p m te o R tn te S rv e u d r ro o rs f a a le e ic as an associate firm to carry out Private telephone exchange in Surat. T e p cip l h rin a co p n is w ll e p rie ce in su b sin ss. ma y e x e n d ch u e Th firm h e as n ce ry te n e ssa ch ical kn le g an tale te ow d e d n d staff is b acke d b th y e experience of the prom oters. At present, the principal com pany has been doing the sam e activity at M ahidharpura & V arachha Area. The prom oter evaluated the m arket condition & found that lot of scope for enhancem ent in telephone & internet connection, so prom oter decided to expen the varachha telephone exchange. d Process Chart

PRI FROM PRI FROM RELIENCE RELIENCE

PRI FROM TATA

PRI FROM BSNL

IPS from Air Link

Varachha Telephone Exchange

TELEPHONE/ INTERNET CONNECTION AT CUSTOMER OFFICE/HOME

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PROFILE: RATANA TELE SERVICE CHAPTER- 5 CURRENT PROPOSAL The firm has been running the private telephone exchange at varahha from last three year satisfactorily, & having 200 telephone connection & having turn over of Rs. 13.23 Lacs in F.Y. 2011-12 , The firm having strong infrastructure & technical, skill manpower, & enough experience of this type of business, so it is convenient factor for expansion of telephone exchange, so the firm require to purchase electronics equipment, cable, Accessories, & modem for enhancement of telephone/internet connection. List of Machinery Required: Sr No Name of Machinery 1 IPDSLAM for 48 Broad Band Port & 1872 Extension 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 ADSL Modem With Splitter Sever (xeon) Router Sicsco Three Lay Switch Cable (UnArmored)100Pair Cable (UnArmored)200Pair Cable (Armored)400Pair Cable (Armored)100Pair Cable (Armored)200Pair Krone Module Krone Fuse Cable (Armored)10Pair Cable (Armored)20Pair Cable (Armored)50Pair Computer & Other Accessories Printer Backup System IRIS IVDX ISDN Digital Communication Server With FLC Card Pcs./Mtr 39 Pcs 1872 Pcs 1 Pcs 1 Pcs 1 Pcs 1800 Mtr 1100 Mtr 700 Mtr 900 Mtr 400 Mtr 600 Pcs 2400 Pcs 2000 Mtr 2000 Mtr 2500 Mtr 2 Pcs 1 Pcs 1 Pcs 1 PCs 2 Pcs

20 SMPS Power Plavt With Rectifier Module

For expansion of the private telephone exchange, the firm assed its cost and has requested term loan of Rs.99.38 Lacs to part finance the requirement for purchasing the machinery. Page 5 of 34

PROFILE: RATANA TELE SERVICE The details of the cost to be incurred have been given in the cost of the project.

CHAPTER - 6
D ta o th A s c te C m a ie irm e ils f e s o ia o p n s/F s Name The of Activity Financial Last 3 Year Page 6 of 34 Dealing Bank Facilities Nature &

PROFILE: RATANA TELE SERVICE Particul 2009 2010 Company ar Ratna tele Private Capital 0.55 6.4 Service Telephone 9 6.4 (proprietor) Exchange TNW 0.55 9 0.7 PAT 0.31 6 10.7 Sales 4.35 1 Name of The Activity Company Fiber Valley (proprietor) Machinery Job-Work

2011 2 2 6 7 6.0 Dena Bank 6.0 Vishal Nagar 0.9 Branch 9.4

Amount Current (In Lacs) A/c No Facilities Availed

Financial Last 3 Year Particula r Capital TNW PAT Sales 2010 6.18 6.18 3.32 37.04 2011 0.99 8.49

Facilities Nature & Amount (In Lacs) Central Term Loan of Bank of Rs. _________ India Loan completed Dealin g Bank

Name of The Activity Company Prabha Exports (proprietor) Textiles Spares Part

Financial Last 3 Year Particula r Capital TNW PAT Sales 2009 N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 2010 N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 2011 7 7 1 5

Dealin g Bank

0.9 Dena Bank 0.9 Vishal Nagar 1.0 Branch 28.8

Facilities Nature & Amount (In Lacs) Current A/c No Facilities Availed

Name of The Activity Company R.K. Associates Partner

Financial Last 3 Year Particul ar Capital 2010 2.93 2.93 0.23 0.00 2011 57.75 57.75 0.20 3.56

Manufacturing of High TNW bulking Yarn PAT Sales

Facilities Nature & Amount (In Lacs) State Term Loan of Bank of Rs. 105.00 India Lacs & (SEZ Working Branch) Capital of Rs. 80.00 Lacs Dealing Bank

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PROFILE: RATANA TELE SERVICE Name of The Company Financial Last 3 Year Activity Particul ar Capital TNW PAT Sales 2009 N.A. 16.87 1.32 50.27 2010 47.7 47.7 1.3 52.23 2011 IDBI Ring 49.8 Road 1.01 Branch 49.8 58.41 Faciliti es Nature & Amoun t (In Lacs) Term Loan of Rs. 97.50

Dealing Bank

Ratna Tele Ner Private Telephon Sister Concern e Exchange

Chapter- 7 PAST & PROJECTED PERFOMANCE Year Ending Proprietor Capital Reserve & Surpluse Intangible Assets Tangible Net Worth Loang Term Liabilities Capital Employed Net Block Investments Non Current Assets Net Working Capital Current Assets Current Liabilities Debt Equity Ratio DER(TOL/TNW) Net Sales Other Income Net Profit After Tax Depriciation Cash Accrual DSCR Interest Covrage Ratio 2010 Actual 6.50 6.50 6.50 10.53 4.04 0.42 4.46 0.69 10.72 0.76 1.51 2.27 N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 2011 Actual 6.03 6.03 6.03 8.95 2.92 0.88 3.80 0.63 9.47 0.96 1.58 2.54 2012 Prov 6.74 6.74 6.74 7.61 -0.87 1.13 2.00 0.30 12.27 2.31 1.34 3.65 N.A. N.A. 2013 Est. 27.23 27.23 94.41 27.23 119.08 17.56 21.32 3.76 4.02 4.16 76.80 1.15 21.02 22.17 2.16 3.24 2014 Est. 39.69 39.69 74.53 39.69 101.22 24.73 30.58 5.58 2.18 2.32 114.60 13.96 17.86 31.82 1.37 3.73

The Projection report have been worked out in details and attached herewith

Chapter-8 Page 8 of 34

PROFILE: RATANA TELE SERVICE

M/s Ratna Tele Service

Cost Of Project Incurred Rs. (In Lacs) Proposed to be Incurred Rs. (In Lacs) Grand Total Rs. (In Lacs) Margin % Eligible Term Loan Rs. (In Lacs)

Particular

Cost of Project 1. Plant & Machinery(proposed) 2. Working Capital Margin Total Cost of Project (Proposed) Proposed Means of Finance Already Raised Rs. (In Lacs) Proposed to be Raised Rs. (In Lacs) 15. 12 18. 00 99. 38 132. 50 132. 50 132. 50 132. 50 132. 50 25% 100% 1.2 5 99. 38 99. 38

Particular

Grand Total

1. Capital / Internal Accruals 2.Unsecured Loan 3. Term Loan Total Means of Finance

15. 12 18. 00 99. 38 132. 50

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PROFILE: RATANA TELE SERVICE

CHAPTER-9 INDUSTRY HISTORY/ SCENARIO/ MARKET A business telephone system is any of a range of a multiline telephone systems typically used in business environments, encompassing systems ranging from small key systems to large scale private branch. A business telephone system differs from simply using a telephone with multiple lines in that the lines used are accessible from multiple telephones, or "stations" in the system, and that such a system often provides additional features related to call handling. Business telephone systems are often broadly classified into "key systems", "hybrid systems", and "private branch exchanges". A key system[1] was originally distinguished from a private branch exchange (PBX) in that it allowed the station user to see and control the calls directly, manually, using lighted line buttons, while a private branch exchange operated in a manner similar to the public telephone system, in that the calls were routed to the correct destination by being dialed directly. Technologically, Page 10 of 34

PROFILE: RATANA TELE SERVICE private branch exchanges share lineage with central office telephone systems, and in larger or more complex systems, may rival a central office in capacity and feature. Key systems Key was a Bell System term of art for a manually operated switch, such as the line-buttons on the phones associated with such systems. Key systems are primarily defined by their individual line selection buttons for each connected phone line, a feature shared with hybrid systems. New installations of true "key" systems have become less common, as hybrid systems and private branch exchanges of comparable size now have similar costs and greater functionality. Key systems can be built using three principal architectures: electromechanical shared-control, electronic shared-control, or independent keysets. Electromechanical shared-control key systems

A typical rotary dial key telephone: the Western Electric eighteen button Call Director, manufactured from 1958 to the early 80s. Before the advent of large-scale integrated circuits, key systems were typically composed of electromechanical components (relays) as were larger telephone switching systems. The systems marketed in North America as the 1A, 6A, 1A1 and the 1A2 Key System[2][3] were typical and sold for many decades. The 1A family of Western Electric Company (WECo) key telephone units (KTUs) were in use in the 1950s. 1A equipment was primitive and required at least two KTUs per line; one for line termination and one for station (telephone instrument) termination. The telephone instrument commonly used by 1A systems was the WECo 300-series telephone. In the 1960s, 1A1 key systems simplified wiring with a single KTU for both line and station termination, and increased the features available. As the 1A1 systems became commonplace, requirements for intercom features increased. The original intercom KTUs, WECo Model 207, were wired for a single talk link, that is, a single conversation on the intercom at a time. The WECo 6A dial intercom system provided two talk links and was often installed as the dial intercom in a 1A1 or 1A2 key system. Unfortunately, the 6A systems were complex, troublesome and expensive, and never became popular. The advent of 1A2 technology in the 1970s simplified key system set up and maintenance. These continued to be used throughout the 1980s, when the arrival of electronic key systems with their easier installation and greater features signaled the end of electromechanical key systems. Two obscure key systems were used at airports for air traffic control communications, the 102 and 302 key systems. These were uniquely designed for communications between the air traffic

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PROFILE: RATANA TELE SERVICE control tower and radar approach control (RAPCON) or ground control approach (GCA), and included radio line connections. Automatic Electric Company also sold a family of key telephone equipment, but it never gained the widespread use enjoyed by Western Electric equipment. Electronic shared-control systems With the advent of LSI ICs, the same architecture could be implemented much less expensively than was possible using relays. In addition, it was possible to eliminate the many-wire cabling and replace it with much simpler cable similar to (or even identical to) that used by non-key systems. Electronic shared-control systems led quickly to the modern hybrid telephone system, as the features of PBX and key system quickly merged. One of the most recognized such systems is the AT&T Merlin. Additionally, these more modern systems allowed a vast set of features including:
Answering machine functions Remote supervision of the entire system Automatic call accounting Speed dialing Caller ID Station-specific limitations (such as no long distance access or no paging) Selection of signaling sounds

Features could be added or modified simply using software, allowing easy customization of these systems. The stations were easier to maintain than the previous electromechanical key systems, as they used efficient LEDs instead of incandescent light bulbs for line status indication. Independent keysets LSI also allowed smaller systems to distribute the control (and features) into individual telephone sets that don't require any single shared control unit. Generally, these systems are used with a relatively few telephone sets and it is often more difficult to keep the feature set (such as speeddialing numbers) in synchrony between the various sets. Hybrid keyphone systems Into the 21st century, the distinction between key systems and PBX has become increasingly confusing. Early electronic key systems used dedicated handsets which displayed and allowed access to all connected PSTN lines and stations.

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PROFILE: RATANA TELE SERVICE

Nortel T Series Key System Telephone The modern key system now supports SIP, ISDN, analog handsets (in addition to its own proprietary handsets - usually digital) as well as a raft of features more traditionally found on larger PBX systems. Their support for both analog and digital signalling, and of some PBX functionality gives rise to the "Hybrid" designation.[4] A hybrid system typically has some call appearance buttons that directly correspond to individual lines and/or stations, but may also support directly dialing to extensions or outside lines without selecting a line appearance. The modern key system is usually fully digital (although analog variants persist) and some systems embrace VOIP. Indeed, key systems now can be considered to have left their humble roots and become small PBXes. Effectively, the aspects that distinguish a PBX from a hybrid key system are the amount, scope and complexity of the features and facilities offered. Hybrid systems are a common tool in the financial services industry used on trading floors. These advanced hybrid key systems generally only require attached PBXs for interaction with backroom staff and voicemail. These systems commonly have their front end units referred to as Turrets and are notable for their presentation of hoot-n-holler circuits. Multiple Hoots are presented to multiple users over multiplexed speakers to multiple locations. A private branch exchange (PBX) is a telephone exchange that serves a particular business or office, as opposed to one that a common carrier or telephone company operates for many businesses or for the general public. PBXs are also referred to as:
PABX private automatic branch exchange EPABX electronic private automatic branch exchange

PBXs make connections among the internal telephones of a private organizationusually a businessand also connect them to the public switched telephone network (PSTN) via trunk lines. Because they incorporate telephones, fax machines, modems, and more, the general term "extension" is used to refer to any end point on the branch. PBXs are differentiated from "key systems" in that users of key systems manually select their own outgoing lines, while PBXs select the outgoing line automatically. Hybrid systems combine features of both.

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PROFILE: RATANA TELE SERVICE Initially, the primary advantage of PBXs was cost savings on internal phone calls: handling the circuit switching locally reduced charges for local phone service. As PBXs gained popularity, they started offering services that were not available in the operator network, such as hunt groups, call forwarding, and extension dialing. In the 1960s a simulated PBX known as Centrex provided similar features from the central telephone exchange. Two significant developments during the 1990s led to new types of PBX systems. One was the massive growth of data networks and increased public understanding of packet switching. Companies needed packet switched networks for data, so using them for telephone calls was tempting, and the availability of the Internet as a global delivery system made packet switched communications even more attractive. These factors led to the development of the VoIP PBX. (Technically, nothing was being "exchanged" any more, but the abbreviation PBX was so widely understood that it remained in use.) The other trend was the idea of focusing on core competence. PBX services had always been hard to arrange for smaller companies, and many companies realized that handling their own telephony was not their core competence. These considerations gave rise to the concept of hosted PBX. In a hosted setup, the PBX is located at and managed by the telephone service provider, and features and calls are delivered via the Internet. The customer just signs up for a service, rather than buying and maintaining expensive hardware. This essentially removes the branch from the private premises, moving it to a central location. History The term PBX was first applied when switchboard operators ran company switchboards by hand. As automated electromechanical and then electronic switching systems gradually began to replace the manual systems, the terms PABX (private automatic branch exchange) and PMBX (private manual branch exchange) were used to differentiate them. Solid state digital systems were sometimes referred to as EPABXs (electronic private automatic branch exchange). Now, the term PBX is by far the most widely recognized. The acronym is now applied to all types of complex, inhouse telephony switching systems, even if they are not private, branches, or exchanging anything. PBXs are distinguished from smaller "key systems" by the fact that external lines are not normally indicated or selectable at an individual extension. From a user's point of view, calls on a key system are made by selecting a specific outgoing line and dialing the external number. A PBX, in contrast, has a dial plan. Users dial an escape code (usually a single digit; often the same as the first digit of the local emergency telephone number) that connects them to an outside line (DDCO or Direct Dial Central Office in Bell System jargon), followed by the external number. Some modern number analysis systems allow users to dial internal and external numbers without escape codes by use of a dialplan which specifies how calls to numbers beginning with certain prefixes should be routed. System components A PBX often includes:
The PBXs internal switching network. Microcontroller or microcomputer for arbitrary data processing, control and logic.

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PROFILE: RATANA TELE SERVICE

Logic cards, switching and control cards, power cards and related devices that facilitate PBX

operation.
Stations or telephone sets, sometimes called lines. Outside telco trunks that deliver signals to (and carry them from) the PBX. Console or switchboard allows the operator to control incoming calls. Uninterruptible power supply (UPS) consisting of sensors, power switches and batteries. Interconnecting wiring. Cabinets, closets, vaults and other housings.

Current trends One of the latest trends in PBX development is the VoIP PBX, also known as an IP-PBX or IPBX, which uses the Internet Protocol to carry calls. Most modern PBXs support VoIP. ISDN PBX systems also replaced some traditional PBXs in the 1990s, as ISDN offers features such as conference calling, call forwarding, and programmable caller ID. However, recent open source projects combined with cheap modern hardware are sharply reducing the cost of PBX ownership. For some users, the private branch exchange has gone full circle as a term. Originally having started as an organization's manual switchboard or attendant console operated by a telephone operator or just simply the operator, they have evolved into VoIP centres that are hosted by the operators or even hardware manufacturers. These modern IP Centrex systems offer essentially the same service, but they have moved so far from the original concept of the PBX that the term hardly applies at all. Even though VoIP gets a great deal of press, the old circuit switched network is alive and well, and the already bought PBX's are very competitive in services with modern IP Centrexes. Currently, there are four distinct scenarios in use:
PBX (Private and Circuit Switched) Hosted/Virtual PBX (Hosted and Circuit Switched) or traditional Centrex IP PBX (Private and Packet Switched) IP Centrex or Hosted/Virtual IP (Hosted and Packet Switched)

Since in reality people want to call from the IP side to the circuit switched PSTN (SS7/ISUP), the hosted solutions usually have to maneuver in both realms in one way or another. The distinctions are seldom visible to the end user. Home and small business usage Historically, the expense of full-fledged PBX systems has put them out of reach of small businesses and individuals. However, since the 1990s many small, consumer-grade and consumer-size PBXs have become available. These systems are not comparable in size, robustness or flexibility to commercial-grade PBXs, but still provide many features. Page 15 of 34

PROFILE: RATANA TELE SERVICE The first consumer PBX systems used analog (POTS) telephone lines, typically supporting four private analog and one public analog line. They are the size of a small cigar box. In Europe these systems for analog phones were followed by consumer-grade PBXs for ISDN. Using small PBXs for ISDN is a logical step, since the ISDN basic rate interface provides two logical phone lines (via two ISDN B channels) which can be used in parallel. Small, entry-level systems are also extremely cheap (e.g. US$100 for LittlePhoneBox Server [5] ). With the adoption of VoIP by consumers, consumer VoIP PBXs have appeared, with PBX functions becoming simple additional software features of consumer-grade routers and switches. Open source projects have provided PBX-style features since the 1990s. These projects provide extreme flexibility and features, including the means to inspect and change the inner working of a PBX. Lowered entry barriers for new manufacturers created business opportunities for newcomers. PBX functions Functionally, the PBX performs four main call processing duties:
Establishing connections (circuits) between the telephone sets of two users (e.g. mapping a

dialed number to a physical phone, ensuring the phone isn't already busy)
Maintaining such connections as long as the users require them (i.e. channelling voice signals

between the users)

Disconnecting those connections as per the user's requirement Providing information for accounting purposes (e.g. metering calls)

In addition to these basic functions, PBXs offer many other calling features and capabilities, with different manufacturers providing different features in an effort to differentiate their products. Common capabilities include (manufacturers may have a different name for each capability):
Auto attendant Auto dialing Automatic call distributor Automated directory services (where callers can be routed to a given employee by keying or

speaking the letters of the employee's name)

Automatic ring back Call accounting Call blocking Call forwarding on busy or absence Call park Call pick-up Call transfer

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Call waiting Camp-on Conference call Custom greetings Customised Abbreviated dialing (Speed Dialing) Busy Override Direct Inward Dialing Direct Inward System Access (DISA) (the ability to access internal features from an outside

telephone line)
Do not disturb (DND) Follow-me, also known as find-me: Determines the routing of incoming calls. The exchange is

configured with a list of numbers for a person. When a call is received for that person, the exchange routes it to each number on the list in turn until either the call is answered or the list is exhausted (at which point the call may be routed to a voice mail system).
Interactive voice response Music on hold Night service Public address voice paging Shared message boxes (where a department can have a shared voicemail box) Voice mail Voice message broadcasting Welcome Message

Interface standards Interfaces for connecting extensions to a PBX include:

POTS (plain old telephone service) - the common two-wire interface used in most homes. This is

cheap and effective, and allows almost any standard phone to be used as an extension.
proprietary - the manufacturer has defined a protocol. One can only connect the manufacturer's

sets to their PBX, but the benefit is more visible information displayed and/or specific function buttons.
DECT - a standard for connecting cordless phones. Internet Protocol - For example, H.323 and SIP.

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PROFILE: RATANA TELE SERVICE Interfaces for connecting PBXs to each other include:
proprietary protocols - if equipment from several manufacturers is on site, the use of a standard

protocol is required.
ISDN PRI - Runs over T1, 23 bearer channels + 1 signalling channel QSIG - for connecting PBXs to each other, usually runs over T1 (T-carrier) or E1 (E-carrier)

physical circuits.
DPNSS - for connecting PBXs to trunk lines. Standardized by British Telecom, this usually runs

over E1 (E-carrier) physical circuits.

Internet Protocol - H.323, SIP and IAX protocols are IP based solutions which can handle voice

and multimedia (e.g. video) calls. Interfaces for connecting PBXs to trunk lines include:
standard POTS (plain old telephone service) lines - the common two-wire interface used in most

domestic homes. This is adequate only for smaller systems, and can suffer from not being able to detect incoming calls when trying to make an outbound call.
ISDN - the most common digital standard for fixed telephony devices. This can be supplied in

either Basic (2 circuit capacity) or Primary (24 or 30 circuit capacity) versions. Most medium to large companies would use Primary ISDN circuits carried on T1 or E1 physical connections.
RBS (robbed bit signaling) - delivers 24 digital circuits over a four-wire (T1) interface. Internet Protocol - H.323, SIP, MGCP, and Inter-Asterisk eXchange protocols operate over IP and

are supported by some network providers. Interfaces for collecting data from the PBX:
Serial interface - historically used to print every call record to a serial printer. Now an application

connects via serial cable to this port.

Network Port (listen mode) - where an external application connects to the TCP or UDP port. The

PBX then starts streaming information down to the application.

Network port (server mode) - the PBX connects to another application or buffer. File - the PBX generates a file containing the call records from the PBX.

The call records from the PBX are called SMDR, CDR, or CIL. It is possible to use a Voice modem as FXO card. Hosted PBX systems Further information: virtual PBX A hosted PBX system delivers PBX functionality as a service, available over the Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) and/or the internet. Hosted PBXs are typically provided by the telephone company, using equipment located in the premises of the telephone company's Page 18 of 34

PROFILE: RATANA TELE SERVICE exchange. This means the customer organization doesn't need to buy or install PBX equipment (generally the service is provided by a lease agreement) and the telephone company can (in some configurations) use the same switching equipment to service multiple PBX hosting accounts. Instead of buying PBX equipment, users contract for PBX services from a hosted PBX service provider, a particular type of application service provider (ASP). The first hosted PBX service was very feature-rich compared to most premise-based systems of the time. In fact, some PBX functions, such as follow-me calling, appeared in a hosted service before they became available in hardware PBX equipment. Since that introduction, updates and new offerings from several companies have moved feature sets in both directions. Today, it is possible to get hosted PBX service that includes far more features than were available from the first systems of this class, or to contract with companies that provide less functionality for simple needs. In addition to the features available from premises-based PBX systems, hosted-PBX:
Allows a single number to be presented for the entire company, despite its being geographically

distributed. A company could even choose to have no premises, with workers connected from home using their domestic telephones but receiving the same features as any PBX user.
Allows

multimodal access, where employees access the network via a variety of telecommunications systems, including POTS, ISDN, cellular phones, and VOIP. This allows one extension to ring in multiple locations (either concurrently or sequentially).
Supports integration with custom toll plans (that allow intra company calls, even from private

premises, to be dialed at a cheaper rate) and integrated billing and accounting (where calls made on a private line but on the company's behalf are billed centrally to the company).
Eliminates the need for companies to manage or pay for on-site hardware maintenance. Allows scalability so that a larger system is not needed if new employees are hired, and so that

resources are not wasted if the number of employees is reduced. Mobile PBX A mobile PBX is a hosted PBX service that extends fixed-line PBX functionality to mobile devices such as cellular handsets, smartphones and PDA phones by provisioning them as extensions. Mobile PBX services also can include fixed-line phones. Mobile PBX systems are different from other hosted PBX systems that simply forward data or calls to mobile phones by allowing the mobile phone itself, through the use of buttons, keys and other input devices, to control PBX phone functions and to manage communications without having to call into the system first. A mobile PBX may exploit the functionality available in smartphones to run custom applications to implement the PBX specific functionality. In addition, a mobile PBX may create extension identifiers for each handset that allow to dial other cell phones in the PBX via their extension shortcut, instead of a PSTN number. IP-PBX An IP PBX handles voice signals under Internet protocol, bringing benefits for computer telephony integration (CTI). An IP-PBX can exist as physical hardware, or can carry out its functions virtually, Page 19 of 34

PROFILE: RATANA TELE SERVICE performing the call-routing activities of the traditional PBX or key system as a software system. The virtual version is also called a " -Soft PBX -". 1. eHow 2. Internet 3. Domain Names, URLs, & IPs 4. Link Exchange 5. Advantages of PABX Advantages of PABX A cheerful PABX operator greets incoming calls. Private Automatic Branch Exchanges are the links between business organizations and the outside world. Incoming calls are received by the PABX unit and distributed by a live operator, a hosting service or by an integrated voice guidance system. A contemporary PABX system consists of a switching network, internal telephone stations, outside lines to the telephone company and a console for operator control of incoming calls. PABX systems offer a variety of user advantages.

Incoming Call Control Live operators receive and direct incoming calls to internal office personnel. A live operator gives a business organization a personality and the opportunity to interface directly with customers, clients and the public. When the auto attendant mode is used incoming callers are offered options to connect them to the right parties.
o

Internal Call Control A PABX system provides connections between all internal phone stations without requiring operator intervention. Every station can dial any other station within the system. If a user does not know the extension number for another person on the system, an online directory may be accessed by voice interaction to provide the correct extension and make the connection.
o

Speed Dialing A speed dialing feature permits frequently connected parties to dial one another with a single button. This eliminates dialing errors and speeds up communication between parties.
o

Automated Information Call directing information can be programmed into a PABX. This improves customer inquiries by creating direct access to internal departments or individuals. Incoming callers reach key contacts without speaking to an operator or receptionist.
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User Friendly Page 20 of 34

PROFILE: RATANA TELE SERVICE It is easy to train personnel to use PABX systems and station handsets. Many functions are noted on standard buttons and supported by voice interactive inquiry functions within the system.
o

Higher Call Volume A PABX can automatically receive and direct large numbers of calls at the same time. Incoming callers do not have to wait in line for an operator to answer and direct their call to the proper internal station.
o

Hands-Free Operations Operators and heavy telephone users on a PABX system can take advantage of handsfree headsets. Headsets provide freedom to move around while conversing on the phone. Users do not feel confined by telephone cords.
o

Courteous Waiting Calls that are placed on hold can be served pleasant music while waiting to be connected. The presence of music tells incoming callers that they are still connected until the called party answers.
o

Value PABX systems are valuable business assets. They improve the company image, create smoother flowing lines of communication, and provide the networks for effective internal operations of phones, fax and data transmission.
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The Disadvantages of a PBX Systems By Scott Yoder, eHow Contributor To understand the disadvantages of a PBX, or private branch exchange phone system, you have to compare it to advances in phones related to the Internet Protocol (IP) network. In short, PBX phone systems are becoming outdated. Voice systems are now converging with data networks and Internet technology. A business using a PBX phone system with analog technology is missing out on new levels of conductivity with computers and mobile devices. Advances with Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) and unified communications are transforming phone systems, leaving traditional PBX systems to go the way of the telegraph. Installation and Configuration A phone system that is connected to the IP network is far easier to install and configure than a traditional PBX system. This is because IP systems are converged with the data network, and most IP PBX or VoIP phone systems can be configured from a computer interface using software applications.
o

Costs and Charges Increasingly, the PBX phone system is losing the cost battle to VoIP systems. For example, a VoIP system allows both Internet and phones to use the same cabling, saving on cabling costs.
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PROFILE: RATANA TELE SERVICE Also, many VoIP systems expand on what a traditional PBX did in creating an inter-office phone connection. Businesses with multiple branch offices, international calling and employee telecommuting gain real advantages. For example, with VoIP, an office extension can be used---at the same cost---via a laptop computer from anywhere, as long as there is an Internet connection. This saves on long-distance phone charges and allows the worker to use the same phone extension from anywhere. Mobile Workforce Traditional PBX systems are at a major disadvantage when it comes to worker mobility. IPbased systems can now converge laptop computers, mobile phone devices and office phone systems so they all work on a unified platform. Software facilitates the conductivity so voice is integrated into the entire business network. A PBX system is still just a phone. VoIP-based technology converges voice with computers and data networks, allowing mobile workers to access data and communicate through various channels using the same devices.
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Major Telecom Companies in India

In 1975, the Department of Telecom (DoT) was given separate authority for running the

telephone services in the country.

The Mahanagar Telephone Nigam Limited (MTNL)initiated its services in the year 1985 for

carrying out the telephone operations in the metros of India, viz. Delhi and Mumbai.
In October 2000, the Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited (BSNL) was set up by the Department of

Telecom.
Thereafter several private companies as Reliance Communications, Tata Indicom, Airtel etc in

the sector came up. Telecom Sector Policies

A Communication Convergence Bill was introduced in the Parliament in 2001. Unrestricted entry is allowed in National Long Distance Service (NLD) Also the International Long Distance Services (ILDS) have been kept opened. Cellular operators have the permission of providing all types of service, as voice and non voice

messages, data services etc.

The New Telecom Policy revised in 1999 encourages participation of private companies in

services as Global Mobile Personal Communication by Satellite (GMPCS) Service, digital Public Mobile Trunked Service (PMRTS) and Voice Mail/ Audiotex/ Unified Messaging Services.
To fulfill Universal Service Obligation (USO) funding and administration, several measures are

being taken.
To initiate Community Phone Service, an announcement has been made.

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PROFILE: RATANA TELE SERVICE

Guidelines regarding the Multiple Fixed Service Providers (FSPs) have been announced. For establishing International Internet Gateways, which include both Satellite and Landing

Stations, the Internet Service Providers (ISPs) have been permitted.

The Government of India also has set up various guidelines to establish Internet telephony (IP).

Major Mobile Phone Service Provider Companies in India

The major players in the mobile phone service industry are enlisted as: BSNL The Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited, countrys largest cellular service operator was set up in the year 2000. It is a state owned telecom company with its headquarters located in New Delhi. BSNL is also the largest land line telephone establishment in India. As of April, 2011 87.1 million users have been reported to be BSNL users. MTNL Mahanagar Telephone Nigam Limited (MTNL) was set up in the year 1985, to run telecom operations in the major metro cities of India, Mumbai and Delhi. Its headquarters are based in Mumbai. MTNL was the first company in India to initiate 3G services in India, having the brand name of MTNL 3G Jadoo Services which provided options as Video call, Mobile TV, Mobile Broadband etc to the customers. Airtel Also known as Bharti Airtel Limited was started in July 1995, with its head office based in New Delhi. Airtel runs its operations in as many as 19 countries across the world and is also ranked fifth as telecom service provider globally. As of April 2011, figures show that Airtel has over 164.61 million users which make it the biggest mobile service operator in India. Its service includes both 2G and 3G facilities. Reliance Communications Also known as RCOM was set up in 2004, with its head office in Navi Mumbai. Reliance Communications as of now has more than 128 million users all across the world. Aircel Aircel was founded in 1999, with its head office in New Delhi. It is a joint enterprise between Maxis Communications and the Apollo Hospitals.

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PROFILE: RATANA TELE SERVICE Vodafone Essar Vodafone Essar was founded in 1994 with its head office at Mumbai. Vodafone provides services to 23 telecom circles across India. Tata Indicom The Tata Teleservices was founded in 1996, with its headquarters in Navi Mumbai. Idea Cellular Idea Cellular was started in 1995, with its head office in Mumbai. It also provides 3G services to its subscribers. Virgin Mobile Virgin Mobile started its services in India in 2008, March. It is a U.K. based company. Uninor This Company is a joint venture between Telenor Group and Unitech Group and was started in 2009. The Beginning

The history of Indian telecom can be started with the introduction of telegraph. The Indian postal and telecom sectors are one of the worlds oldest. In 1850, the first experimental electric telegraph line was started between Kolkata and Diamond Harbour. In 1851, it was opened for the use of the British East India Company. The Posts and Telegraphs department occupied a small corner of the Public Works Department,[8] at that time. Subsequently, the construction of 4,000 miles (6,400 km) of telegraph lines connecting Kolkata (then Calcutta) and Peshawar in the north along with Agra, Mumbai (then Bombay) through Sindwa Ghats, and Chennai (then Madras) in the south, as well asOotacamund and Bangalore was started in November 1853. William O'Shaughnessy, who pioneered the telegraph and telephone in India, belonged to the Public Works Department, and worked towards the development of telecom throughout this period. A separate department was opened in 1854 when telegraph facilities were opened to the public. In 1880, two telephone companies namely The Oriental Telephone Company Ltd. and The AngloIndian Telephone Company Ltd. approached the Government of India to establish telephone exchanges in India. The permission was refused on the grounds that the establishment of telephones was a Government monopoly and that the Government itself would undertake the work. In 1881, the Government later reversed its earlier decision and a licence was granted to the Oriental Telephone Company Limited of England for opening telephone exchanges at Kolkata, Mumbai, Chennai and Ahmedabad and the first formal telephone service was established in the country.[9] On 28 January 1882, Major E. Baring, Member of the Governor General of India's Page 24 of 34

PROFILE: RATANA TELE SERVICE Council declared open the Telephone Exchanges in Kolkata, Bombay and Chennai. The exchange in Kolkata named the "Central Exchange" had a total of 93 subscribers in it's early stage. Later that year, Mumbai also witnessed the opening of a telephone exchange.[10] Further developments and milestones
Pre-1902 Cable telegraph 1902 First wireless telegraph station established between Sagar Island and Sandhead. 1907 First Central Battery of telephones introduced in Kanpur. 19131914 First Automatic Exchange installed in Shimla. 1927 Radio-telegraph system between the UK and India, with Imperial Wireless Chain beam

stations at Khadki and Daund. Inaugurated by Lord Irwin on 23 July by exchanging greetings with King George V.
1933 Radiotelephone system inaugurated between the UK and India. 1953 12 channel carrier system introduced. 1960 First subscriber trunk dialling route commissioned between Lucknow and Kanpur. 1975 First PCM system commissioned between Mumbai City and Andheri telephone

exchanges.
1976 First digital microwave junction. 1979 First optical fibre system for local junction commissioned at Pune. 1980 First satellite earth station for domestic communications established at Sikandarabad,

U.P..
1983 First analogue Stored Program Control exchange for trunk lines commissioned at

Mumbai.
1984 C-DOT established for indigenous development and production of digital exchanges. 1995 First mobile telephone service started on non-commercial basis on 15 August 1995 in

Delhi.
1995 Internet Introduced in India starting with Mumbai, Delhi, Calcutta, Chennai and Pune on

15 August 1995[11] While all the major cities and towns in the country were linked with telephones during the British period, the total number of telephones in 1948 numbered only around 80,000. Post independence, growth remained slow because the telephone was seen more as a status symbol rather than being an instrument of utility. The number of telephones grew leisurely to 980,000 in 1971, 2.15 million in 1981 and 5.07 million in 1991, the year economic reforms were initiated in the country. While certain measures were taken to boost the telecom industry from time to time, (for example introduction of the telex service in Mumbai in 1953 and commissioning of the first Subscriber Page 25 of 34

PROFILE: RATANA TELE SERVICE trunk dialling route between Delhi and Kanpur and between Lucknow and Kanpur in 1960), the first waves of change were set going by Sam Pitroda in the eighties.[12] The real transformation in scenario came with the announcement of the National Telecom Policy in 1994.[13] Liberalization and privatization Liberalization of Indian telecommunication industry started in 1981 when Prime Minister Indira Gandhi signed contracts with Alcatel CIT of France to merge with the state owned Telecom Company (ITI), in an effort to set up 5,000,000 lines per year. But soon the policy was let down because of political opposition.[14] Attempts to liberalize the telecommunication industry were continued by the following government under the prime-minister-ship of Rajiv Gandhi. He invited Sam Pitroda, a US based Non-resident Indian NRI and a former Rockwell International executive to set up a Center for Development of Telematics(C-DOT) which manufactured electronic telephone exchanges in India for the first time.[15] Sam Pitroda had a significant role as a consultant and adviser in the development of telecommunication in India.[16] In 1985, the Department of Telecom(DoT) was separated from Indian Post & Telecommunication Department. DoT was responsible for telecom services in entire country until 1986 when Mahanagar Telephone Nigam Limited (MTNL) and Videsh Sanchar Nigam Limited (VSNL) were carved out of DoT to run the telecom services of metro cities(Delhi and Mumbai) and international long distance operations respectively.[15] The demand for telephones was ever increasing and in 1990s Indian government was under increasing pressure to open up the telecom sector for private investment as a part of Liberalisation-Privatization-Globalization policies that the government had to accept to overcome the severe fiscal crisis and resultant balance of payments issue in 1991. Consequently, private investment in the sector of Value Added Services (VAS) was allowed and cellular telecom sector were opened up for competition from private investments. It was during this period that the Narsimha Rao-led government introduced the National Telecommunications policy (NTP) in 1994 which brought changes in the following areas: ownership, service and regulation of telecommunications infrastructure. The policy introduced the concept of telecommunication for all and it's vision was to expand the telecommunication facilities to all the villages in India.[17] Liberalization in the basic telecom sector was also envisaged in this policy.[18] They were also successful in establishing joint ventures between state owned telecom companies and international players. Foreign firms were eligible to 49% of the total stake. The multi-nationals were just involved in technology transfer, and not policy making.[14] During this period, the World Bank and ITU had advised the Indian Government to liberalise long distance services to release the monopoly of the state owned DoT and VSNL and to enable competition in the long distance carrier business which would help reduce tariff's and better the economy of the country. The Rao run government instead liberalised the local services, taking the opposite political parties into confidence and assuring foreign involvement in the long distance business after 5 years. The country was divided into 20 telecommunication circles for basic telephony and 18 circles for mobile services. These circles were divided into category A, B and C depending on the value of the revenue in each circle. The government threw open the bids to one private company per circle along with government owned DoT per circle. For cellular service two service providers were allowed per circle and a 15 years license was given to each provider.

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PROFILE: RATANA TELE SERVICE During all these improvements, the government did face oppositions from ITI, DoT, MTNL, VSNL and other labour unions, but they managed to keep away from all the hurdles.[14] In 1997, the government set up TRAI (Telecom Regulatory Authority of India) which reduced the interference of Government in deciding tariffs and policy making. The political powers changed in 1999 and the new government under the leadership of Atal Bihari Vajpayee was more pro-reforms and introduced better liberalisation policies. The government corporatised the operations wing of DoT on 1 October 2000 and named it as Department of Telecommunication Services (DTS) which was later named as Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited (BSNL). The proposal of raising the stake of foreign investors from 49% to 74% was rejected by the opposite political parties and leftist thinkers. Domestic business groups wanted the government to privatize VSNL. Finally in April 2002, the government decided to cut its stake of 53% to 26% in VSNL and to throw it open for sale to private enterprises. TATA finally took 25% stake in VSNL.[14] This was a gateway to many foreign investors to get entry into the Indian Telecom Markets. After March 2000, the government became more liberal in making policies and issuing licenses to private operators. The government further reduced license fees for cellular service providers and increased the allowable stake to 74% for foreign companies. Because of all these factors, the service fees finally reduced and the call costs were cut greatly enabling every common middle class family in India to afford a cell phone. Nearly 32 million handsets were sold in India. The data reveals the real potential for growth of the Indian mobile market.[19] Many private operators, such as Reliance Communications, Tata Indicom, Vodafone, Loop Mobile, Airtel, Idea etc., successfully entered the high potential Indian telecom market. In March 2008 the total GSM and CDMA mobile subscriber base in the country was 375 million, which represented a nearly 50% growth when compared with previous year. [20] As the unbranded Chinese cell phones which do not have International Mobile Equipment Identity (IMEI) numbers pose a serious security risk to the country, Mobile network operators therefore planned to suspend the usage of around 30 million mobile phones (about 8 % of all mobiles in the country) by 30 April.[21] 56 years the average monthly subscribers additions were around 0.05 to 0.1 million only and the total mobile subscribers base in December 2002 stood at 10.5 millions. However, after a number of proactive initiatives taken by regulators and licensors, the total number of mobile subscribers has increased rapidly to 991 million subscribers as of March 2012. India has opted for the use of both the GSM (global system for mobile communications) andCDMA (code-division multiple access) technologies in the mobile sector. In addition to landline and mobile phones, some of the companies also provide the WLL service. The mobile tariffs in India have also become lowest in the world. A new mobile connection can be activated with a monthly commitment of US$0.15 only. In 2005 alone additions increased to around 2 million per month in 200304 and 200405.[citation needed] Sectors

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PROFILE: RATANA TELE SERVICE

Telephony Market share of major operators in India as on 29th Feb 2012

Market share of major operators in India as on 29th Feb 2012 The primary regulator of telecommunications in India is the Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI).[22] It closely regulates all of the industries mentioned below with the exception of newspapers and the Internet service provider industry. The telecommunications industry in India is dominated by private-sector and two state-run businesses. Most companies were formed by a recent revolution and restructuring launched within a decade, directed by Ministry of Communications and IT, Department of Telecommunications and Minister of Finance. Since then, most companies gained 2G, 3G and 4G licenses and engaged fixed-line, mobile and internet business in India. On landlines, intra-circle calls are considered local calls while inter-circle are considered long distance calls. Foreign Direct Investment policy which increased the foreign ownership cap from 49% to 74%. Currently Government is working to integrate the whole country in one telecom circle. For long distance calls, the area code prefixed with a zero is dialled first which is then followed by the Page 28 of 34

PROFILE: RATANA TELE SERVICE number (i.e. To call Delhi, 011 would be dialled first followed by the phone number). For international calls, "00" must be dialled first followed by the country code, area code and local phone number. The country code for India is 91. Several international fibre-optic links include those to Japan, South Korea, Hong Kong, Russia, and Germany. Some major telecom operators in India include Airtel, Vodafone, Idea, Aircel, BSNL, MTNL, Reliance Communications, TATA Teleservices, Infotel, MTS, Uninor, TATA DoCoMo, Videocon, Augere, Tikona Digital. Fixed Telephony Until the New Telecom Policy was announced in 1999, only the Government-owned BSNL and MTNLwere allowed to provide land-line phone services through copper wire in India with MTNLoperating in Delhi and Mumbai and BSNL servicing all other areas of the country. Due to the rapid growth of the cellular phone industry in India, landlines are facing stiff competition from cellular operators. This has forced land-line service providers to become more efficient and improve their quality of service. Land-line connections are now also available on demand, even in high density urban areas. India has over 35 million main line customers. which enables mobile telephone users to retain their mobile telephone numbers when changing from one mobile network operator to another.[27] India is divided into 22 telecom circles:[28] ^* Population statistics are available state-wise only. ^** North east circle includes Arunachal Pradesh, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, & Tripura ^*** West Bengal circle includes Andaman-Nicobar and Sikkim Internet Main articles: List of Internet users by country and List of countries by number of broadband Internet subscriptions The history of internet in India started with launch of internet services by VSNL in August 1995. They were able to add about 10,000 internet users with in 6 months.[30] However for the next 10 years internet experience in the country remained less attractive with narrow-band connections having speed less than 56 kbit/s (Dial-Up). In 2004, Government formulated it's Broadband policy which defined the broadband as an always-on internet connection with download speed of 256 kbit/s or above.[31] From 2005 onward the growth of broadband sector in the country attained acceleration, but remained below the growth estimates of government and related agencies due to the resource issues in last-mile access which depended on wired-line technologies predominantly. This bottleneck was removed in 2010 when government auctioned the 3G spectrum followed by an equally high profile auction of 4G spectrum that set the scene for a competitive and invigorated wireless broadband market. Now internet access in India is provided by both public and private companies using a variety of technologies and media including DialUp(PSTN), xDSL, Coaxial Cables, Ethernet, FTTH, ISDN, HSDPA (3G), WiFi, WiMAX etc at a wide range of speeds and costs. The country has the world's third largest Internet users with over 121 million users (of whom 59% who only access the internet via mobile devices) as of December 2011.[32] As of December 2011, total Internet connections stood at 22.39 million.[1] with estimated users exceeding 121 million. The number of broadband users has increased from 0.18 million in March 2005 to 13.54 million in February 2012.Cumulative Annual Growth rate(CAGR) of the broadband Page 29 of 34

PROFILE: RATANA TELE SERVICE during the five year period between 2005 and 2010 was about 117 per cent.[31] Among the technologies, DSL, whilst holding slightly more than 75% of the local broadband market, was steadily losing market share to other non-DSL broadband platforms, especially to wireless broadband platforms. There are 155 Internet Service Providers (ISPs) as of February 2012, which offer broadband services in India. Public sector companies BSNL and MTNL dominates the market with a share of 64.8 and 7.6 percent respectively while from the private sector Bharti leads with a share of 10 per cent.[33] Cyber Cafe remains as the major source of internet access. In 2009, about 37 per cent of the users access from Cyber cafe, 30 per cent from office and 23 per cent from home. However, the number of mobile internet users found acceleration from 2009 onward and there were about 274 million such users at the end of September 2010, though majority belonged to 2G mobile networks.[31] Mobile internet subscriptions as reported by India's TRAI in Mar 2011 increased to 381 million. One of the major issue, the internet segment facing is the lower average bandwidth of broadband connections compared to that of developed countries. According to 2007 statistics, the average download speed in India hovered at about 256 kbit/s, the minimum speed set by TRAI, whereas the international average was 5.6 Mbits/s during the same period. In order to attend this infrastructure issue the government declared 2007 as "the year of broadband".[34][35] To compete with international standards of defining broadband speed the Indian Government has taken aggressive step of proposing the $13 billion national broadband network to connect all cities, towns and villages with a population of more than 500 in two phases targeted for completion by 2012 and 2013. The network is estimated to handle speed up to 10 Mbit/s in 63 metropolitan areas and 4 Mbit/s in additional 352 cities. Also, the Internet penetration in India is one of the lowest in the world and only accounts for 8.4% of the population compared to OECD counties, where average penetration rate is over 50%.[3][36][37] Another issue reported from this sector is the digital divide of the growth story biased in favour of urban areas; according to 2010 statistics, more than 75 per cent of the broadband connections in the country are in top 30 cities.[31] Regulators have tried to boost the growth of broadband in in rural areas by promoting higher investment in rural infrastructure and subsidized tariff for rural subscribers under Universal service obligation scheme of the Indian government. Recent government policies and growth targets

All villages shall receive telecom facilities by the end of 2002.

A Communication Convergence Bill introduced in the Parliament on 31 August 2001 is presently before the Standing Committee of Parliament on Telecom and IT.

National Long Distance Service (NLD) is opened for unrestricted entry. The International Long Distance Services (ILDS) have been opened to competition. The basic services are open to competition.

In addition to the existing three, a fourth cellular operator, one each in four metros and thirteen circles, has been permitted. Cellular operators have been permitted to provide all types of mobile services including voice and non-voice messages, data services and PCOs utilising any type of network equipment, including circuit and/or package switches that meet certain required standards. Page 30 of 34

PROFILE: RATANA TELE SERVICE Policies allowing private participation have been announced as per the New Telecom Policy (NTP), 1999 in several new services, which include Global Mobile Personal Communication by Satellite (GMPCS) Service, digital Public Mobile Radio Trunked Service (PMRTS) and Voice Mail/ Audiotex/ Unified Messaging Services.

Wireless Local Loop (WLL) has been introduced to provide telephone connections in urban, semiurban and rural areas promptly.

Two telecom PSUs, VSNL and HTL have been disinvested. Steps are being taken to fulfill Universal Service Obligation (USO), funding, and administration. A decision to permit Community Phone Service has been announced. Multiple Fixed Service Providers (FSPs) licensing guidelines were announced.

Internet Service Providers (ISPs) have been allowed to set up International Internet Gateways, both Satellite and Landing stations for submarine optical fibre cables. Two categories of infrastructure providers have been allowed to provide end-to-end bandwidth and dark fibre, right of way, towers, duct space etc.

Guidelines have been issued by the Government to open up Internet telephony (IP).

Regulatory environment LIRNEasia's Telecommunications Regulatory Environment (TRE) index, which summarises stakeholders' perception on certain TRE dimensions, provides insight into how conducive the environment is for further development and progress. The most recent survey was conducted in July 2008 in eight Asian countries, including Bangladesh, India, Indonesia, Sri Lanka, Maldives, Pakistan, Thailand, and the Philippines. The tool measured seven dimensions: i) market entry; ii) access to scarce resources; iii) interconnection; iv) tariff regulation; v) anti-competitive practices; and vi) universal services; vii) quality of service, for the fixed, mobile and broadband sectors. The results for India, point out to the fact that the stakeholders perceive the TRE to be most conducive for the mobile sector followed by fixed and then broadband. Other than for Access to Scarce Resources the fixed sector lags behind the mobile sector. The fixed and mobile sectors have the highest scores for Tariff Regulation. Market entry also scores well for the mobile sector as competition is well entrenched with most of the circles with 45 mobile service providers. The broadband sector has the lowest score in the aggregate. The low penetration of broadband of mere 3.87 against the policy objective of 9 million at then end of 2007 clearly indicates that the regulatory environment is not very conducive.[38] Revenue and growth The total revenue in the telecom service sector was 86,720 crore (US$17.3 billion) in 200506 as against 71,674 crore (US$14.3 billion) in 20042005, registering a growth of 21%.estimted revenue of FY'2011 is Rs.835 crore (US$ 19 Bn Approx).The total investment in the telecom services sector reached 200,660 crore (US$40 billion) in 200506, up from 178,831 crore (US$35.7 billion) in the previous fiscal.[39] Telecommunication is the lifeline of the rapidly growing Information Technology industry. Internet subscriber base has risen to more than a 121 million in 2011.[40] Out of this 11.47 Page 31 of 34

PROFILE: RATANA TELE SERVICE million were broadband connections. More than a billion people use the Internet globally. Under the Bharat Nirman Programme, the Government of India will ensure that 66,822 revenue villages in the country, which have not yet been provided with a Village Public Telephone (VPT), will be connected. However doubts have been raised about what it would mean for the poor in the country.[41] It is difficult to ascertain fully the employment potential of the telecom sector but the enormity of the opportunities can be gauged from the fact that there were 3.7 million Public Call Offices in December 2005[42] up from 2.3 million in December 2004. The Total Revenue of Indian Telecom Services company is likely to exceed Rs 200000 Cr ( US$ 44 Bn approx) for FY 1112 based on FY 1011 nos and latest quarterly results. These are consolidated nos including foreign operation of Bharti Airtel. The major contributions to this revenue are as follows: Bharti Airtel 65,060 Reliance Comm 31,468 Idea Cellular 16,936 Tata Comm 11,931 MTNL 4,380 TTML 2,248 BSNL 32,045 Voda 18,376 TataTeleservice 9,200 Aircel 7,968 SSTL 600 Uninor 660 Loop 560 Stel 60 HFCL 204 Videocon Telecom 254 DB Etisalat/ Allianz 47 Grand Total Rs 201,997 Crs contributed by Sanjay Banka, FCA

Chapter-10 Securities (1) Primary :

Facility Term Loan

Primary Hypothecation of the entire machineries financed through the Term loan

(2) Collateral Security : The term Loan covered under CGTMS scheme. (3) Personal Guarantee : (1) Personal Guarantee of Mr. Anilbhai N.Sheth (2) Personal Guarantee of Mr. Kalpeshbhai N.Sheth

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PROFILE: RATANA TELE SERVICE

Chapter-11

Swot Analysis
strength:
The promoter & his family have been already engaging in the same business from last 6 year The firm have well experienced & skilled Staff The promoter having more than 10 years experience in diversify business. The promoter having good reputation in the market. The firm having well structured marketing strategy& experience staff. The firm have experience for such innovative service ,which result in cost saving & pass on to

customer

The firm going to expand the private telephone exchange at varachha location which is major

business hub & well populated area, so the firm will get high customer base. Weakness:

Looking to the experience of the promoter, there appears no apparent weakness

Opportunities The telecommunication field has been developing rapidly in last two decade, government also became liberal & encourage the privaterisation especially in telecommunication, so it is likely to be the most developing field for next decade.

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PROFILE: RATANA TELE SERVICE The company play in the telecommunication field where reputed company like TATA, Reliance also engaged, so possible the merger & acquisition seem to be possible, if the firm having huge clients base. Telecommunication is vast field with different branches ,so the firm open to go in the other Service, like Mobile service, cabling of fiber optics, Entertainment service. Threats:

Change in Government policies effect on business module. The change in technology may be impact on business. Competition with Other Telecom & Mobile Company

CHAPTER - 12 CONCLUSION & REQUEST

CONSLUSION: In the view of the facts stated above, we request the following

REQUEST: In the light of the details given above, we request for the following Facilities Term Loan - Rs.99.38 cores

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