Chemistry I

The Structure of Atoms: Rutherfords nuclear theory, isotopes and mass spectrograph, Planks quantum theory and photoelectric effect, Bohrs model of the atoms and atomic spectra, Bohr-Sommerfield modification, Hunds rule, Pauli exclusion principle, Aufbau principle, electronic configuration of atoms, uncertainty principle, electron probability distribution, wave-particle duality, shapes of orbital. The Periodic Law and Modern Periodic Table: Some periodic properties of the elements: metallic behavior, atomic size, ionization energy, electron affinity and electronegativity, classification of elements. Concepts of Chemical Bonds and Shapes of Molecules: Causes of reactivity of the elements and the octet rule, ionic, covalent and coordination bonds, preliminary treatment of the valence bond theory and the molecular orbital theory, hydrogen bond, metallic bond, van der Waals forces, the valence shell electron pair repulsion (VSEPR) theory for shapes of simple molecules Chemical Equilibria: Reversible reactions, Law of mass-action, Chemical equilibrium and Equilibrium Constants, Application of law of mass-action to Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Equilibrium, Le-Chatelier Principle, Applications of principle of mobile equilibrium to reaction of industrial importance. Oxidation and reduction : Definition, Basic concept, concept of electronegativity, tepes of redox reactions, Balancing Redox Reactions Using the Half Reaction Method, The Nearst equation and its importance, Everyday examples, Concept of redox indicators. Acids and bases: Different concepts of Acids & bases, Self ( auto) ionization of water, measuring of acid-base strength, ionization of acid, bases and salts, The common ion effect in acid base solution, concept of PH, theory of buffer solution, and Zwitter ion E Historical laws of Stoichiometry, non Stoichiometric compounds, the mole concept, The states of matter: gaseous State: The ideal gas laws; Kinetic theory of gases, Ideal gas and real gas; Behaiour of real gas : The Amagats curve; Modification of ideal gas equation: Vander waals equation; Liquification of gases ( Principles, Methods, Joule Thomson effect) Liquid states: State; Vapour pressure of liquids and its effect of temperature, Interfacial Tension and temperature, Viscosity and Temperature. Solid States: Types of solids: Preperation of solids, the crystal systems,. Thermodynamics: Introduction, System, surroundings, boundaries, Homogenous and heterogeous process, State of a system, first law of thermodynamics, reversible and Irreversible processes, isothermal and adiabatic changes. Second law of thermodynamics, Entropy and Enthalpy, Heat of reaction, Heat of combustion, Heat of formation, Heat of solution & Heat of neutralization Heat engine and Carnot theorem Solution and colloid : Type of solutions, Units of concentration, Solution of gas in liquid, Henry's law. Solution of solid in liquid, solubility curve. Distribution law and its application. Solvent extraction, Colligative properties of dilute solution.

Colloids and crystalloid, disperse phase and dispersion medium, properties of colloids, classification of colloids; preparation of colloidal solution, purification of sols (electrophoresis, Dialysis and electrodialysis, importance of colloids; emulsions and gels

Chemical reacton kinetics lectrochemistry: Electrolytic conductance, electrolytes and non-electrolytes, electrolytic conduction, mechanism of hydrolysis, Faradays law, Theories of electrolytic dissociation, Law of independent migration of ions, Ionic mobility and Ionic conductance, Transport number, Ostwalds dilution law, Debye-Huckel-Onsager theory of electrolytic conductance, Application of conductance measurement, Degree of dissociation and factors affecting degree of dissociation

Books Recommendation G.M. Barrow Physical Chemistry M.M. Haque and M.A.Nawab Principles of Physical Chemistry B. S. Bhal and G. D. Tuli Essential of Physical Chemistry Chemistry for scientist