Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology

Emerald Article: Dynamic analysis of shrouded blades and disc coupling system with freely slipping shroud contact surfaces Qinmeng Wang, Jianming Wang, Jin Zhang

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To cite this document: Qinmeng Wang, Jianming Wang, Jin Zhang, (1997),"Dynamic analysis of shrouded blades and disc coupling system with freely slipping shroud contact surfaces", Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology, Vol. 69 Iss: 6 pp. 540 - 542 Permanent link to this document: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00022669710186057 Downloaded on: 15-07-2012 References: This document contains references to 10 other documents To copy this document: permissions@emeraldinsight.com This document has been downloaded 1147 times since 2005. *

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Articles Dynamic analysis of shrouded blades and disc coupling system with freely slipping shroud contact surfaces
Qinmeng Wang Jianming Wang and Jin Zhang
The authors Qinmeng Wang is a PhD candidate, Jianming Wang has a Master of Science degree and Jin Zhang is a Professor, all in the Department of Jet Propulsion, Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Beijing, Peoples Republic of China. Abstract Discusses the application of the xed interface modal synthesis technique and the quasi-periodically symmetric feature of the shrouded blades and disc system for analysing the coupling vibration characteristic of a system which has freely slipping contact surfaces. This technique has led to the establishment of an entirely new dynamic analysis method. With this method, the scale of calculation required has been greatly reduced, relieving the demand on CPU time and storage capacity while still ensuring sufcient accuracy of dynamic analysis.

Introduction
The proper design of rotor blades used in high performance gas turbine engines is dependent on high cycle fatigue failure avoidance. Analytical techniques applied to predict utter stability and resonant response designs rely on accurately dened structural dynamic characteristics for the bladed disc as related to the contact surfaces at part span shrouds. During gas turbine engine operations, the shrouds of adjacent fan blades may remain in contact and act as a continuous ring, or the shrouds may experience relative motion at the contact surfaces. Then the resultant slipping and friction forces may dissipate signicant vibratory energy, which damps the motion. In practice, the shroud interfaces experience conditions between the degenerate cases of freely slipping and fully restrained and each blade untwists or changes stagger angle owing to centrifugal and aerodynamic loading.

Basic assumptions
For about 20 years, the study of friction forces generated at the interfaces resisting relative motion of the shrouds of adjacent blades causing mechanical damping has been studied theoretically and experimentally, but an effective mechanics analysis of the abovementioned system still needs further development. Since the general (non-shroud) bladed disc system has a periodically symmetric feature, in this article the authors have successfully investigated the coupling vibration characteristics of the system by using the algorithm for group representative theory (CNV) combined with modal synthesis technique. The developing numerical method (group-mode method) and the corresponding software system (GEMAP) have been used for both academic and industrial applications in China. With this method, the demand on CPU time and storage capacity has been greatly reduced while still ensuring sufcient accuracy of dynamic analysis. Recently, the authors have further investigated the vibrational characteristics of shrouded blades and disc coupling system with freely slipping shroud contact surfaces. A theoretical analysis and calculating method have been established. Basic assumptions are as follows: 540

Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology Volume 69 Number 6 1997 pp. 540542 MCB University Press ISSN 0002-2667

(1) Variation in contact stiffness between the blade roots and the disc in a centrifugal eld is neglected. (2) Changing of blade stagger angles due to centrifugal and aerodynamic loading is ignored. (3) During vibration, no separation exists between the shroud contact surfaces of adjacent blades. Also, the corresponding nite element nodes of shroud contact surfaces have the same normal displacements and free slip occurs only along the tangential direction of the shroud contact surfaces. (4) The contact surfaces of the blade shrouds still maintain a at plane state and their normal lines have no change.

Dynamics analysis
For shrouded blades and disc structural system, a quasi-periodically symmetric system could be dened by means of the above assumptions. According to the algorithm of group representative theory (CNV) for an N blades and disc system, an analytical model which has one shrouded blade with the corresponding repetitive sector region of disc has been established. By application of the xed interface modal synthesis technique the xed interface normal modes and interface constrained modes are obtained after the interface DOF of both substructures, blade and sector region of the disc are xed. By using a penalty function to deal with the constrained states of relative displacements of the relevant nodes at the shroud contact surfaces, the constrained equations are solved without increasing the scale of structural equations. This means the new nite elements concerned with constraints are included in the global stiffness matrix of the shrouded blades and disc system. However, the coefcients of the penalty function must be chosen carefully. Although the coefcients are used in the large scale region, large non-diagonal terms are induced in the stiffness matrix if the coefcients are too large, thus causing difculties in solving the problem. The procedures for using a penalty function to deal with the constrained states of shroud contact surfaces are equivalent to adding a unit stiffness submatrix set, formed by the relevant

nodes at shroud contact surfaces, into the original global stiffness matrix of the shrouded blades and disc system. However, using this new method the recalculation of the system global stiffness matrix should be neglected. This procedure helps in coding and modifying the computer program. The hypothetical modes of the modal synthesis technique are formed on the base of the above-mentioned procedures. According to the displacement compatibility of every repetitive sector interface, the system equations of motion established in the modal coordinate system are obtained. From the small scale eigen-equations, the superior modes are extracted and the approximate solutions are then sufciently accurate. Eventually, the physical modes of shrouded blades and disc coupling system, which has freely slipping shroud contact surfaces, can be obtained conveniently. The discontinuous features of tangential displacements at freely slipping shroud contact surfaces can be distinctly observed in the post-processing pictures. By this new method, the original equations of motion for the above-mentioned coupling vibration system are effectively condensed to the interface DOF of the shroud contact surfaces. The scale of nal eigen-equations is clearly decreased, since the specied relation exists between the xed interface normal modes and the constrained modes at each repetitive sector region of the system. It is therefore unnecessary to calculate these modes one by one. Using this method, the scale of calculation required is considerably decreased while still ensuring a high degree of accuracy for the dynamic analysis.

Further reading
Bazan, E., Blelak, J. and Grifn, J.H. (1986), An efcient method for predicting the vibratory response of linear structures with friction interfaces, Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power, Vol. 108/633, October. Bielawa, R.L. (1978), An analytic study of the energy dissipation of turbomachinery bladed-disk assemblies due to inter-shroud segment rubbing, ASME Journal of Mechanical Design, Vol.100, April. Cottney, D.J. and Ewins, D.J. (1975), On predicting the natural frequencies of shrouded bladed disks, ASME Paper No.75-DET-113, September.

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RimKunas, D.A. and Frye, H.M., Investigation of fan blade shroud mechanical damping, AFAPL-TR-79-2054, ADA078439. Srinivasan, A.V. (1984), Measurement of relative vibratory motion at the shrouded interfaces of a fan, Journal of Vibration, Stress and Reliability in Design, Vol. 106, April. Valero, N.A. and Bendiksen, O.O. (1978), Vibration characteristics of mistuned shrouded blade assemblies, Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power, Vol. 108/293, April. Wacther, J. and Wolfs, H. (1981), Investigation of vibration of shrouded turbine blades, ASME Design

Engineering Technical Conference, Hartford, CT, September. Zhang, J., Chen, X.J. and Wang, W.L., Dynamic analysis technique of rotating centrifugal impeller, ASME 91-GT-50. Zhang, J., Wang, W.L. and Chen, X.J., Cyclo-symmetric modal synthesis of rotating bladed disc system, ASME 91-GT-51. Zheng, Z.C. and Wang, F.R. (1985), Dynamic analysis of blade groups using component mode synthesis, Proceedings of the Tenth Biannual Conference on Mechanical Vibration and Noise, Cincinnati, OH, September.

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