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Ingesting Poison From Plants

Ingesting poisonous plants can lead to death. Do not eat any plant unless you have positively identified it first. If you are not absolutely positive the plant is safe, eat something else that you can be sure about its safety. Symptoms of ingestion poisoning can include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal cramps, depressed heartbeat and respiration, headaches, hallucinations, dry mouth, unconsciousness, coma, and death.

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If you suspect plant poisoning, try to remove the poisonous material from the victim's mouth and stomach as soon as possible. If the victim is conscious, induce vomiting by tickling the back of his throat or by giving him warm saltwater. If the victim is conscious, dilute the poison by administering large quantities of water or milk. Then take the victim to the hospital at once.

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The following plants can cause death through poisoning by ingestion. Do NOT consume these plants in any form: (See images below)
Castor Bean Chinaberry Death Camas Lantana Manchineel Oleander Pangi Physic Nut Hemlocks Rosary Pea Nightshade Strychnine Tree

Appearance
Gear Storage -Transport Backpack Many poisonous plants look like their edible relatives or like other edible plants. For example, poison hemlock appears very similar to wild carrot.

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Seasons of Growth
Certain plants are safe to eat in certain seasons or stages of growth but poisonous in other stages. For example, the leaves of the pokeweed are edible when it first starts to grow, but they soon become poisonous. You can eat some plants and their fruits only when they are ripe. For example, the ripe fruit of May apple is edible, but all other parts and the green fruit are poisonous.

Edible Parts
Some plants contain both edible and poisonous parts; potatoes and tomatoes are common plant foods, but their green parts are poisonous.

Raw, Wilted, or Dried

Some plants become toxic after wilting. For example, when the black cherry starts to wilt, hydrocyanic acid develops. Specific preparation methods make some plants edible that are poisonous raw. Learn to identify and use plants before a survival situation. Some sources of information about plants are pamphlets, books, films, nature trails, botanical gardens, local markets, and local natives. Gather and cross-reference information from as many sources as possible, because many sources will not contain all the information needed. Once you have decided where your survival retreat or bug out location will be, familiarize yourself with the plants of that area, even if you've lived in the area for year or decades.

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2012

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Avoid Poisonous Plants

Be able to positively identify plants by sight and know their uses or dangers. If you have little or no knowledge of the local vegetation, do not consume them. Be prepared, educate yourself, before your life depends on surviving off of wild plants as a food source. Avoid all mushrooms. Mushroom identification is very difficult and must be precise, even more so than with other plants. Some mushrooms cause death very quickly. Some mushrooms have no known antidote. Two general types of mushroom poisoning are gastrointestinal and central nervous system. Do not try to use mushrooms in your survival diet unless you have previously successfully harvested wild mushrooms for food. Steps to follow if it is suspected a person has eaten an unidentified mushroom: 1. Do not panic. Although most mushrooms are not poisonous, every case of eating an unknown mushroom should be taken seriously. Onset of symptoms may be delayed a day or more. 2. Call your doctor and follow instructions or go to the emergency room of a hospital. If this is not possible, induce vomiting if there are to be any delays, over twenty minutes. Many pediatricians recommend that parents keep emetics (Ipecac) on hand for such emergency cases of poisoning. 3. Collect as many of the kind of mushroom that was eaten as possible. Be sure to collect all of the mushroom including the base that may be buried in the ground. Place them in a paper bag (not a plastic bag!) or cup, small box, or roll them up in waxed paper. Avoid crushing. 4. If the person has vomited, collect all vomited material and store in the refrigerator until it can be taken to the doctor or appropriate person for identification. A good reference on this subject is the Handbook of Mushroom Poisoning: Diagnosis and Treatment. D. G. Spoerke and B. H. Rumack, eds. 1994. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL. 456 Don't eat wild mushrooms to begin with.

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If you think you have ingested a poisonous plant DO NOT WAIT FOR SYMPTOMS TO APPEAR, CALL THE POISON CONTROL CENTER AND GO TO THE HOSPITAL IMMEDIATELY. Brum

Poisonous plants - alphabetical order: Amaryllis, Azalea, Bird of Paradise, Black Nightshade, Buttercup, Butterfly Weed, Calla Lily, Calamondin, Caladium, Carnation, Carolina Jasmine, Castor Bean, Chinaberry, Chinese Tallow, Christmas Berry, Cyclamen, Daffodil, Daisy, Daphne, Deadly Nightshade, Devils Ivy, Dieffenbachia, Dumbcane, Elderberry, Elephant Ears, English Holly/Ivy, Eucalyptus, Eyebane, Foxglove, Golden Chain, Holly Berry, Horsechestnut, Hyacinth, Hydrangea Blossom, Iris, Jackin-the-Pulpit, Jerusalem Cherry, Jimson Weed, Juniper, Lantana, Larkspur, Laurel, Lily-of-the-Valley, May Apple, Mistletoe, Moonflower, Morning Glory, Needlepoint Ivy, Oleander, Oxalis, Peace Lily, Philodendron, Poison Ivy, Poison Oak, Poison Sumac, Pokeweed, Potato Plant, Pothos, Pyracantha, Rhododendron, Rhubarb, Sand Begonia, Skunk Cabbage, Spathe Flower, String of Pearls, Tomato Leaves, Tulips, Violet Seeds, Water Hemlock, Wild Carrots, Wild Cucumber, Wild, Parsnip, Wild Peas, Wisteria, Yew

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Click for larger image Contact Dermatitis

Contact dermatitis from plants will usually cause the most trouble in the field. The effects may be persistent, spread by scratching, and particularly dangerous if there is contact in or around the eyes. The principal toxin of these plants is usually an oil that gets on the skin upon contact with the plant. The oil can also get on equipment and then infect whoever touches the equipment. Never burn a contact poisonous plant because the smoke may be as harmful as the plant. You have a greater danger of being affected when you are overheated and sweating. The infection may be local or it may spread over the body.

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Symptoms from coming in contact with poisonous plants may take from a few hours to several days to appear. Symptoms can include burning, reddening, near maddening itching, swelling, and blisters. When you first contact the poisonous plants or when the first symptoms appear, try to remove the oil by washing with soap and cold water. If water is not available, wipe your skin repeatedly with dirt or sand. Do not use dirt if
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you have blisters. The dirt may break open the blisters and leave the body open to infection. After you have removed the oil, dry the area. You can wash with a tannic acid solution and crush and rub jewelweed on the affected area to treat plant-caused rashes. You can make tannic acid from oak bark.

First Aid for Contact with Poisonous Plants

People who have come in contact with poisonous plants should do the following. Note that this doesn't apply to poisonous plants that were eaten: * Immediately rinse skin with rubbing alcohol, specialized poison plant washes, degreasing soap (such as dishwashing soap) or detergent, and lots of water. * Rinse frequently so that wash solutions do not dry on the skin and further spread the urushiol. * Scrub under nails with a brush. * Use wet compresses, calamine lotion, or hydrocortisone cream to reduce itching and blistering. * Follow the directions on the medication. Do not apply to broken skin, or open blisters. * Oatmeal baths may relieve itching. * An antihistamine such as diphenhydramine (Benadryl) can be taken to help relieve itching. Follow directions on the package. Drowsiness may occur. * In severe cases or if the rash is on the face or genitals, seek professional medical attention. * Call 911 or go to a hospital emergency room if the person is suffering a severe allergic reaction, such as swelling or difficulty breathing, or has had a severe reaction in the past.

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