Homework 2 Matrix algebra

1.3.1 Use gauss-Jordan to solve the following

system
0

4 -3

-1

7 -5

-1

8 -6

Switch R1 and R3
-1

8 -6

-1

7 -5

4 -3

8 -6

R1-8R2 & change of signs R1,R2

1

1 -1

Solution
X1 = 1
X2 = 0
X3 = -1

R2-R1
-1

0 -1
0

1 -1

4 -3

R3+4R2
-1

8 -6

0 -1

1 -1

1 -1

R2-R3
-1

8 -6

0 -1

1 -1

R1+6R3
-1

0 -1

0 -1

1 -1

1
Rene Carrillo

Homework 2 Matrix algebra

1.3.2 Apply Gauss-Jordan method to the
following system:
1

(R2,R3,R4)-R1
1

1 -1

1 -1

2 -1

1 -1

1 -1

R4-R3

(R2,R3,R1)-R4
1

1 -1

0 -1

0 -1

1 -1

2 -1

3 -1

(R3,R4)-R2
1

1 -1

3 -1

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Rene Carrillo

Homework 2 Matrix algebra

(R2,R1)-R3
1

0 -1

0 -1

0 -1

R1-R2

Solution
X1 = 2,
X2 =-1
X3 = 0
X4 = 0

3
Rene Carrillo

Homework 2 Matrix algebra

1.3.3 Use Gauss-Jordan method to solve the
following three systems at the same time.
2 -1
-1

2 -1

0 -1

R3*3
1.0000 -0.5000

0 1.0000 -0.6667 0.3333 0.6667

0 0.5000

0 1.0000 1.0000 2.0000 3.0000

R2+*2/3R3

R1/2

1.0000 -0.5000

1.00 -0.50

0 0.50

-1.00 2.00 -1.00

0 1.00

0 -1.00 1.00

0 1.0000
0

0 1.00

0 1.50 -1.00 0.50 1.00

0 -1.00 1.00

0.50

0.5000

0 1.0000 2.0000 2.0000

0 1.0000 1.0000 2.0000 3.0000

R1+1/2R2

R2+R1
1.00 -0.50

Solution

1.00

R2*2/3
1.0000 -0.5000

0 0.5000

0 1.0000 -0.6667 0.3333 0.6667

0 -1.0000 1.0000

0 1.0000

R3+R2
1.0000 -0.5000

0 1.0000 -0.6667 0.3333 0.6667

0 0.5000

0 0.3333 0.3333 0.6667 1.0000

4
Rene Carrillo

Homework 2 Matrix algebra

2.1.1.a Reduce each of the following matrices to
row echelon form, determine the rank and
identify the basic columns
1

R2,R3 - 2R1
1

switch R2 & R3
1

R1-R2

R1-R3

Rank 3 and columns 1,2,4 are basic

5
Rene Carrillo

Homework 2 Matrix algebra

2.1.1.b Reduce each of the following matrices
to row echelon form, determine the rank and
identify the basic columns

2 -6

2 -3

(R2,R3)-2R1, R4-R1, R5-3R1

1

(R3,R5)-R2
1

0 -8

2 -3

2 -6

0 -8

0 -5

2 -6

Rank 3 and columns 1, 2, 3 are basic

6
Rene Carrillo

Homework 2 Matrix algebra

2.1.1.c Reduce each of the following matrices to
row echelon form, determine the rank and
identify the basic columns

2 -2

1 -3

2 -2

1 -1

1 -3

3 -3

3 -3

2 14

1 13

2 14

1 13

R2-2R1, R3-R1, R4-3R1, R6-4R1

2

2 -2

1 -3

2 -2

2 -2

1 -3

1 -1

1 -3

3 -3

0 -2

3 -3

2 14

1 13

1 -3 -1

R3-R2, R4-1/2R2, R5-3/2R2, R6+R2

2

2 -2

1 -3

2 -2

1 -3

1 -1

1 -3

2 -2

3 -3

0 -2

3 -3

2 14

1 13

0 -1

3 -1

1 -3 -1

7
Rene Carrillo

Homework 2 Matrix algebra

2.0000 1.0000 1.0000 3.0000

4.0000 1.0000

0
0 2.0000 -2.0000 1.0000 3.0000 3.0000
0
1.0000

0
0.5000

0
3.0000

0 3.0000 -3.0000

0 -1.0000 3.0000 -

0 0.5000 -1.5000

0
1.0000

0 -1.0000 3.0000 -

0
0.5000

0 0.5000 -1.5000

0
1.5000

0 -1.5000 4.5000 -

0
2.0000

0 2.0000 -6.0000

0
0 -2.0000 2.0000 1.0000 3.0000 -1.0000

2.0000 1.0000 1.0000 3.0000

4.0000 1.0000

0
0 2.0000 -2.0000 1.0000 3.0000 3.0000
0
1.0000

0
0.5000

0
1.5000

R4+1/2R3, R5-3/2R3, R6+2R3

2.0000 1.0000 1.0000 3.0000
4.0000 1.0000

0 -1.0000 3.0000 -

0
0 2.0000 -2.0000 1.0000 3.0000 3.0000
0

0 -1.0000 3.0000 -

0 0.5000 -1.5000

0
1.0000
0

0
1.5000

0 -1.5000 4.5000 -

0
2.0000

0 2.0000 -6.0000

2 -2

0 -1.5000 4.5000 -

0
0 -2.0000 2.0000 1.0000 3.0000 -1.0000

2.0000 1.0000 1.0000 3.0000

4.0000 1.0000

0
0 2.0000 -2.0000 1.0000 3.0000 3.0000

1 -3

0 -1

3 -1
8

Rene Carrillo

Homework 2 Matrix algebra

0

0 -1

3 -1

2 -6

2 -2

1 -3

Rank 3 and columns 1, 3, 5 are basic

9
Rene Carrillo

Homework 2 Matrix algebra

1.2.2 Determine which of the following matrices are in row echelon form:
a=
1

Not row echelon form

3 -4

7 -8

0 -1

b=
Not row echelon form

c=
Row echelon form

d=
Row echelon form

10
Rene Carrillo

Homework 2 Matrix algebra

2.1.3 Give a short explanation of why the statement is true:
A. Rank(A)<= min{m, n}
a. Because there is only one pivot per row and column
B. Rank(A) <m if one row in A is entirely zero
a. Pivots cant be found in rows of zeros
C. Rank(A) < m if one row in A is a multiple of another row
a. The row can be eliminated to become zeros
D. Rank(A) < m if one row in A is a combination of other rows
a. The row can be eliminated to become zeros
E. Rank(A) < n I one column in A is entirely zero
a. Each basic column needs a pivot to be basic if it is a zero column there are less than n

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Rene Carrillo