July 2012 | Vol.

1 | Issue 4 | Price Rs 10

Independent Judiciary, Responsible Media

B.G. Verghese

aptIjv cmPv: Iymadbpambn Hcp PohnXkacw

What is happening in Newsrooms the world over?
Presentations made in the International Newsroom Summit

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B.G. Verghese

Independent Judiciary, Responsible Media : Twin Pillars of Democracy What is happening in Newsrooms the world over?
Summaries of presentations made in the International Newsroom Summit

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aptIjv cmPv: Iymadbpambn Hcp PohnXkacw

Friends, Followers and the Future: How Social Media Is Changing Our News and Our Lives
Sarah Jaffe

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Science and Technology Reporting in CNN and BBC

S. Ganesh

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The newsonomics of small things

Ken Doctor

Bookshelf

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Editor N. P. Rajendran Chairman, Kerala Press Academy Editorial Board E. P. Shajuddeen Chief News Editor, Mangalam, Kozhikode N. Rajesh News Editor, Madhyamam, Kozhikode M. P. Suryadas Chief Reporter, Mathrubhumi, Kozhikode P. Sujathan Political Editor, Veekshanam, Kochi T. R. Madhukumar News Editor, Deshabhimani, Kozhikode C. N. Mohanan Manager, Deshabhimani, Kochi Editorial Assistant P. Salil Design & Layout Praveen Ophelia Printer & Publisher V. G. Renuka Secretary, Kerala Press Academy Address 'Media' Kerala Press Academy Kakkanad, Kochi - 682 030 Phone: 0484 2422275 E-Mail: media.kpa@gmail.com Website: www.pressacademy.org

-[y-a-hy-h-km-bw A-Xn-th-Kw h-fp-sIm-n-cn-pIbm-Wv. G-hpw Iq-Sp-X B-fp-I km--cXbpw km--n-I-ti-jn-bpw t\-Sm _m-n-\n-p h-P-\-kw-Jy-bp- C-y-bn C-Xv kzm-`m-hn-Iw am-{Xw. C-y tN Hm-^v tIm-ta-gv-kv Bv C-U-kv-{Sn-bp-sS I-W--\p-kcn-v I-gn- h-j-s am-[y-a-hy-hkmb h-f- 12 i-X-am-\-am-bn-cpp. C-\n-b-tm-v C-Xn-t\-m IqSpw h-f---\n-cv. km--c-Xbpw km--nI-ti-jnbpw t\Sn-b hen-b P-\-hn-`m-Kw D-v F--Xp-sIm-v tI-c-f-n am-[y-a-cwK-v h-hn-hw \-S-p-sIm-n-cn-p-p. tI-c-f-n C-v \-Sp-Xv \m-sf C-y--sbm-m-sI \-S-p-sa- Im-cy-nepw kw-i-b-an. sF.Sn. ta-Je-sb C-tm sF.kn.Sn. ta-J-e F-m-Wv hn-fn-pXv. C-^-ta-j sS-Iv-t\m-f-Pn-tbm-sSm-w I-yq-Wn-t-j- Iq-Sn tNn-cnpp. C-\n C-Xn-s\m-w hn-t\m-Z-hy-h-km-bw Iq-Sn tN-cp-I-bmbn. C-sXmw Iq-Sn-bp- hy-h-km-b-n-s `m-K-am-bn-cn-pp am-[yahpw. sF.Sn.bpw hn-t\m-Zhpw I-ayp-Wn-t-j-\p-samw A-Xn-th-Kw kw-tbm-P-np-sIm-n-cnp-I-bm-Wv. sF.Sn. ta-J-e-bn hn-Zym-`ym-k-hpw ]-cn-io-e-\hpw H-cp ]-cn-[n h-sc K-th-j-Whpw hy-h-km-b-n-s B-h-iy-n-s\m-v \-S-p-p-v. F-m am-[y-ahn-t\m-Z-ta-J-e-I-fn n-Xn hy-Xy-kv-X-amWv. am[y-a ta-J-e-bn n-Xn hf-sc tam-i-hp-amWv. hn-t\m-Zam[y-a ta-J-e-I-fn-em-bn ]-p-e--tm-fw t]-cm-Wv C-tm sXm-gn-se-Sp-p-sX-n ]-v hj-n-\n-S-bn C-h-cp-sS F-w \m-ev]-Xv e--am-bn-o-cp-sam-Wv hn-ZKv- I-W-m-p-Xv. C-h sh-dpw-sXm-gn-em-fn-If. km-tXn-I m-\ hpw s{]m-^-j-\-en-khpw {In-tb-n-hn-nbpw D- H-cp h-K-s-bm-Wv hms-Sp-t-Xv. A-Xn-\v \mw F-{X k-cm-Wv F- tNmZyw D-b-ph-p-I-gnp. tI-c-f-nse am-[y-a-ta-J-e-bp-sS a-\p-jy-ti-jn B-kq-{X-W-n-s n-Xn F-mWv? A-\p-Zn-\w s]m-n-h-fp-sIm-n-cn-p- A-Sn Zriy am-[y-a-sf hym-]m-c-]-c-am-bn hn-P-bn-np-I am-{X-a Cu ta-J-e-bn-se s{]m-^-j-Wep-I-fp-sS e-yhpw Np-a-X-e-bpw. km-t-Xn-Ihpw `-c-W-]-chpw {In-bm--Ihpw B-b cw-K--fn ]p- B-i-b- ]-co--n-t-nbn-cn-pp. am-[y-a-hy-h-km-b-n-\m-h-iyam-b Xcw s{]m-^-j-Wep-Isf, B-h-iy-amb- tXm-Xn C-y--Ipw ]p-d-p-ap- hn-Zym-`ym-k-m-]-\ kz-ta[-bm D--]m-Zn-n-v kw-`m-h-\ sN-bv-Xp-sImpw Fv {]-Xo-np-Iq-Sm. Zo-L-ho--W-tm-sS-bq- B-kq-{X-Ww hy-h-km-bn-I-fpw s{]m-^-j-W kw-L-S-\-I-fpw hn-Zym-`ym-k B-kq-{X-Icpw tNv \-S-t-Xp-v. tI-c-f-n-s hn-Zym-`ymk hn]-Wn am-[y-a-hy-h-km-b-n-\m-h-iyam-b Fw s{]m-^-j-WepI-sf \-Ipp-m-hmw. A-`y-kv-X-hn-Zy-cpsS sXm-gnenmbv-a cq--am-b kw-m\-v ]-Wn-v B-sf In-n F-v [-cn-m ]-n. B-h-iy-n-\v tlm- sXm-gn-em-fnI-sf In-p-n, tdm-Up-]-Wnm-sc In-pn, _m-_-am-sc In-p-n, sX-p-I-b--m-cpsSbpw apw Imcyw ]-d-bm-\p-an. am-[y-a-cw-K-v ]-t B-m-a-ap--Xm-bn Bcpw ]-cm-Xn-s-n-n. F-m hy-h-km-b-n-\v ]n-b Kp-W-\n-e-hm-c-ap- B-fp-Isf th{X In-p-n F- ]-cmXn am-[y-a-\-S-n-p-Im-cn \n-v D-b-p-h-cp-pv. C-sXm-cp Ku-c-h-ap- {]-iv-\-am-Wv. c-v \n-e-bn Cu {]-iv\-s ssI-Imcyw sN-Ww. an-I- \n-e-hm-c-ap am-[y-a-hn-Zym-`ym-khpw ]-cn-io-e-\hpw e-`y-am-p-I F--Xm-Wv B-Zys Im-cyw. tI-c-f-n A-Xn-s Fn Ip-d-hptm Fv kw-i-bnt-. Ip-d-hn. Ir-Xyam-b I-W-p-I k-m-dn-s ssI-h-iw t]mepw C-s-n-epw \m-ev-]--tm-fw m-]-\- tP-W-en-k-n t]m-v {Km-tPz-v Un-tm-atbm Un-{Kntbm \-Ip-p-v F-m-Wv A-\u-tZym-Kn-I-

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am-bn A-dn-bm I-gn-Xv. F--n-e {]-iv-\w Kp-W-n-em-Wv F--w. Cu m-]-\--fn Bcm-Wv tP-W-en-kw ]Tn-n-p-Xv? F-m-Wv C-hn-sS ]Tn-n-p-Xv? F-m-Wv kn-e-_kv, I-cn-p-ew? F-pX-cw ]-co--bm-Wv \-S-pXv? G-Xv X-e-n-em-Wv tP-W-en-kw ]Tn-n-p-Xp-S-t-Xv? D-cw In-m {]-bm-k-ap- H-cp ]m-Sv tNm-Zy--fp-v. km-am-\y-hn-Zym-`ym-kw In-n-o-cp--Xn-\v ap-t, -kv Sp X-e-n-epw Un{Kn X-e-nepw tP-W-en-kw ]Tn-n-p- {]h-W-X tI-c-f-n Im-Wp-p-v. C-m-cyn-sempw H-cp \-bw k-m cq-]-s-Sp-n-bn-n. k-m-dn-sbpw am-[y-a-hy-h-km-bn-I-fp-sSbpw C-S-s]-S C-m-cy-n B-h-iy-apv. B-h-iyam-b Kp-W-\n-e-hm-c-ap- am-[y-a-{]-h-I-sc kw-`m-h-\ sN-m I-gn-bp- hn-[-n am-[y-a-{]-h--\ ] T-\hpw ]-cn-io-e-\hpw B-kq-{X-Ww sN-t--Xpv. kn-e-_-kv G-Io-I-cn-p-Ibpw B-h-iy-n-\v tP-Wen-kw ]T-\ ]p-kv-X-I- ]p-d-n-d-p-Ibpw thWw. tZio-b m-]-\--fp-am-bn k-l-I-cn-v hn-Z-Kv-cp-sS A-`n-{]m-b- k-am-l-cnv am[y-a ]T-\ \-b-n-\v cq-]w \--tI--Xm-bn-pv. \n-b-a-]T-\-aps-sS-bp- cw-K--fn tZ-io-b-X-e-n bq-Wn-th-gv-kn-n-I cq-]w sIm-p-I-gnp. A-Xn-th-Kw h-f-p-sIm-n-cn-p-, hn-Z-Kv--]T-\w B-h-iy-ap-, hen-b km-aq-ly-_m-[y-X-I-fp- H-cp cw-K-sa- \n-e-bn F-p-sIm-v am-[y-a]T\ K-th-j-W ]-cn-ioe\ {]-h--\- B-[p-\o-I-cn-p--Xn\pw ^-e-{]-Z-am-p--Xn-\p-am-bn H-cp bq-Wn-th-gv-kn-n Xp-S-n-q-Sm Fv am[ya cwK-v G-sd ap-n \n-p- tI-c-fw Nn-n-t- k-a-b-am-bn-cn-p-p. am-[y-a-{]-h--\-cw-Kw ]-g-b-Xp-t]m-se {]-Xn-`I-sf B-I-jn-p-ptm F-Xm-Wv A-Sp- tNm-Zyw. C F-p-X-s-bmWv D-cw. tP-W-en-k-tm-Sp- I-w sIm-v am{Xw h-cp-h-sc am-n\n-n-bm hn-Zym-`ym-k-]-c-am-bn tam-iw \n-e-hm-cw ]p-e-p-h-cm-Wv C-hn-sS F-p--Xv. D--tcy \-K-c--fn tbm-Kycm-b ]-{X-{]-h--I-p-th-n-bp- a--cw h-]-{X-- X-n \-S-pp-v. sXm-gn-hn-]-Wn-bnse Cu a-cw i--f-n-epw tk-h-\-\n-e-hm-c-nepw h--\ D-m-n-bnpv. tI-c-f-n n-Xn a-dn-mWv. th-Pv t_m-Uv \n-t-in-p- i--f-kv-sI-bn-ep-I \-Ip- ]-{X-m-]-\--fp H-cp kw-m-\w F- k-t-cv tI-c-f-n-\p-m-bn-cp-p. th-Pv t_m-Uv i-fw In-p-tm-t]mepw Xp-ey \n-e-bn-ep- a-v sXm-gn-ep-I-fp-am-bn Xm-c-X-ay-s-Sp--tm am-[y-a-{]-h-\-cw-Kw A-\m-I-j-Iam-b H-cp ta-J-e-bm-bn am-dn-bn-cpp. Apw `q-cn-]--n-\v th-Pv t_m-Uv thX-\w t]mepw e-`n-n-cp-n. C-mI-s, apv th-Pv-t_m-Uv thX-\w In-n-b-hpw A-Xv In-m-Xmbn-cn-pp. Zr-iy-am-[y-a--fn-se Imcyw ]-d-bm-\p-an. tIm-tf-Pv A-[ym-]-I- B-I-W-tam am-[y-a-{]-h-I B-I-Wtam F-v tNm-Zn-m Xo-cp-am-\-sa-Sp-m kw-i-bn- H-cp-Im-ew hf-sc hn-Zq-c-n-semp-am-bn-cp-n. C-v A-s\ H-cp hn-n-tmZyw Bcpw tNm-Zn-pI-tb C. apn-b i-fw In-p-p F-p-I-cp-Xp- m-]-\--fn \n-p-t]mepw am-[y-a-{]-h--I-th-jw h-en-s-dn-v bp-hm- k-m k-ho-kn-se F.Un.-v tPm-en-p-t]m-Ip-p. am-[y-a-cw-Kw sXm-gn ]-c-am-bn A-\m-I-jI-am-Ip-Xv \-p-sS P-\m-[n-]-Xy-kw-kv-Im-c-s-s \-in-n-p-w. am-[y-a-m-]-\--fn ]-Wn-sb-Sp-p-h-sc am{Xw _m-[n-p- H-cp sXm-gn {]-iv-\-am-bn C-Xn-s\ I-p-Iq-Sm. am-[y-a--fp-sS Kp-W-\n-e-hm-c--I am-[y-a-sm-gn-en-s\tbm am-[y-a-hy-h-km-b-stbm am{Xw _m-[n-p- H-cp Im-cya. A-Xv ap-gp-h k-aq-l-sbpw _m-[n-pw. C-tmX-s A-Xv _m-[np-Xp-S-n-bn-cn-p-p. am-[y-a--fp-am-bn _--s--h am-{Xa, s]m-Xp-k-aq-l-hpw C-m-cy-s Ip-dn-v Nn-n-m C-\n ssh-In-qSm.

tIcf {]kv AmZan `cW kanXn sNbam: F. ]n. cmtP{ (sU]yqn FUn, amXr`qan) sshkv sNbam: sI. kn. cmPtKm]m (aebmfat\mca, {]knUv, sI.bp.Uyp.sP.) FIvknIyqohv t_mUv: Fw. Fkv. chn (amt\Pnv Ubd, tIcfIuapZn), F. cmtPjv (\yqkvFUn, am[yaw, tImgntmSv) F. ^ntdmkv (Ubd, ]nIv dntejkv), sk{Idn (^n\mkv Unmvsav), sk{Idn (P\d AUvan\nt{j) P\d Iukn: Sn. B. a[pIpam (kvt]mSvkv FUn, tZim`nam\n, sImn), C. ]n. jmPpo (No^v \yqkv FUn, awKfw, tImgntmSv), Fw. ]n. kqcyZmkv (No^v dntm, amXr`qan, tImgntmSv), Fkv. _nPp (No^v tImUnt\nv FUn, Gjyms\v \yqkv, Xncph\]pcw), kn. F. taml\ (amt\P, tZim`nam\n, sImn), _nPp hokv (amt\Pnv FUn, aKfw), ]n. ]n. kn (amt\Pnv Ubd, Zo]nI), sI. Fw. tdmbv (ko\nb tPWenv), ItmS aplZv (P\d amt\P, N{nI), hn. F. kenw ( sdknUv amt\P, am[yaw, FdWmIpfw), sP. Fkv. CpIpam (FIvknIyqohv FUn, Pbvlnv Snhn), hn. cmPtKm]m (sU]yqn FUn, amXr`qan, tImgntmSv), ]n. kpPmX (s]mfnn FUn, hoWw), t__n amXyp (amt\Pnv Ubd & sshkv sNbam, Poh Snhn), sNdpIc kn eqtmkv (kvs]j Idkvt]mv, tIcfiw) sk{Idn: hn. Pn. tcWpI

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AtacnbpsS \m]mw t_mwt_dns\pSv Inb hkv{X hensdnv tZlamsI s]mn "t\mwKzm... t\mwKzm... F\nv s]mpp...' F \nehnfntbmsS ZnW hnbv\manse Nmv_mv {KmahgnbneqsS {]mW cmw HmSp HXphbpImcn. ^m Inw ^pIv F Ah HmSnbdnbXv \nIv Dv F Ccp]pIm c t^mtm{Km^dpsS Iymadbntembncpp. AXv temIns Fmetbpw Ip ImgvNIfnsemmbn amdn. AtacnbpsS bpshdn temIn\v ImnsmSp Cu Nn{Xw bpahkm\nnpXn \nmbI LSIambn. 1972 Pq 8 s\Sp Cu Nn{Xw B hjs ]pen, thUv t^mtm AhmUpI t\Sn. Hm^okn Nn{Xw Imnbtm \X ImcWw AXv {]knoIcntXn Fv `qcn]w Xocpam\np. Fm CubnsS Acn {]ikvX t^mtm{Km^ tlmv ^mkv "Cu Zriyw Fm AXncpItfbpw XIp HmsW'v AknKvambn {]Jym]ntXmsS FXnc`n{]mb CmXmbn. Nn{Xw temIs sRnp. hnbv\mw bpns\Xncmb {]Xntj[w Bfnn. sNdnb Bip]{Xnbn \nv anI kuIcyfp Bip] {Xnbntev Inw^pIns\ amn. 20 tUmam Inw^pIns\ NnInnp. Fmw t`Zambn Xncnsnb ^pIns\ kam[m\ns ]pXptemIw Imncnppmbncpp. Ahv hntZipt]mbn ]Tnm Ahkcw e`np. bpns\Xncmbp bp.Fns KpUvhn Aw_mknUdmbn Ah. CSbvnsS \nIv Dpw Inw ^pIpw ]ckv]cw Ip. bpns\Xncmbp IqmbvaIfneh Hnv ]p tNp. Xs cv IpnIsmw Im\UbnemWv Inw ^pIv Ctm. Im\Ubn Inw ^utj F m]\w \Spp. bpn ]oU\a\p`hnp IpnIsf klmbnpIbmWv Inw ^utj. t^mtm tPWenmbn \nIv Dv 46 hjmew ]nnp. F.]n.bn t^mtm{Km^dmbn tNcptm \nIv Dn\v 16 hbt Dmbncppq. temkv Bekv hnam\mhfn\SpmWv \nIv Dns Xmakw. NmMv_mMv Ctm Hcp]mSv amdnbncnpp. ]pXnb ]mpI, _mpI, kvIqfpI. amdnb hnbv\mans s{^bnapI Iymadbntev ]IpI FXmWv Ctm \nIv Dns eyw. Ccp]Xmw \qmnse iamb Zriyambn hnebncpsSp "\m]mw tK' t^mtmbvv Cgn Pq 8\v 40 hbp Ignp.
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"Rms\mcp kplrns honencpmWv CXv FgpXpXv. ImcWw F\nv hon t]mIm\mhn. t]SnXpsIm AXv, ]s Rm ZpxJnX\mWv. temInse Ghpw henb P\m[n]Xykwhn[m\n\v Fs\ C{Xam{Xw AgnaXnbn apmsaXv Fs ApXsSppp. 2012 sabv 8\v hnhcmhImi\nba{]Imcw Rms\mct] ^b sNbvXncpp. Ctm AXns t]cn GXp \nanjhpw Rm Pbnen t]mImw.'

p amkw ap]mbncpsn Cu Fgpv QmJnse Ip{Kmafnsemn \nv kzX{]{X{]h\ns insImv Dbp h ]Xns\pImc\mb Hcp ZfnXv dntmdpsS hnPbIYbm Ipambncpp. Zu`mKyhim Cv As\b. Ghpw XmsgXnep, {KmaoWXense, A[nImcns AgnaXd ]pc ssIIfntev Xs Iymad XncnXns\pSv sIna {Inan\tIkpIfn s]v Ccpgnpntev t]mtI ZpchbnemWv aptIjv cmPv F Cu Iuamcmc Cv. ApXsSpp A\p`hIYbmWv aptIjv cmPntXv. Cybnse Ghp ]ntmw \np kwm\fn {]apJamb QmJnse UntbmKlv Pnbnse a[p]qcmWv aptIjns {Kmaw. PmXobamb D\oNXz Cpw sImSnIpn hmgp Dtcybnse D\mSpIfnsemv. Cu {]tZis GXv ZfnXv _metbpw t]mse A]am\ntbpw Iocntbpw IYIfmWv aptIjn\pw cphjw apphscbp Xs PohnXspdnp ]dbm\pXv. \t sNdpnse A acnp. A hopw hnhmlw Ignp. cm\bn \npw Hpw kpJIcamb A\p`hf aptIjn\p e`nXv. kvIq ]T\w ]mXn hgnbn apSn. "Ipnmev hon F\nsmw Ifnm Bcpapmbncpn. ]pdndnbm sXmpIqSmh\mbXn\m Hcp Iqnepw IqSm\pw ]n,' B Imespdnv aptIjv Hmnpp. Acmn hon\npw \mn\npw AntbmSn s Hcp Ipnmew. Fm s]sv Nn{XamsI amdn. Hcp hjw apv "sskev lotdmkv" F sh_vsskns dntm smt]m aptIjns {Kmansenbtm I IY hnhcnpXns\, "Hcp ZfnXv _mes Nppw ImWp ]XnhpIqpImc aptIjv cmPn\pXv. RmbdmgvN sshIov Ah Hcpanncpv, Hw Nmb IpSnv {Kmanse Hcp kvIqfns\pdnv N sNpIbmWv. Soam ]Xnhmbn mn hcpn. AXmWv {]iv\w. \mev]Xpw AXpw hbp {]mbamb apXnh, AXpw

Db PmXnmscv ]dbp {_mWcpw {Xnbcpw, Ghpw Xmgv PmXnmscv ]dbp Hcp ZfnXv _mes klmba`ynpp. Hcp ]cmXn Xmdmn Fmhcpw Hnv Pnm hnZym`ymk Hm^okp \Im \pw _mn Xm t\mnsmmsapw aptIjv Ah p hgnImpp.' Dtcy {Kmasfpdndnbm hphscsbmw Acnp ImgvN. "Rm AhcpsS hoSn\p apnqSntmptm PmXnt`ZanmsX P\ Fs hnfnpp. Ccnm CcnnSw Xcpp. D]tZiw tNmZnpp. Nne Fs k Fp hnfppI IqSn sNpp,' X\npNppapmb amspdnv aptIjv hniZoIcnpp. Ipdp hjpapv Xs amen\y tImtchcnsem cmfmbn am{Xw I AtX BfpIpmb amw aptIjnt\bpw ApXsSppp. Db PmXnm Hancnm Itkc \IpXpw Xpeysc \nebn s]cpamdpXpamWv Xs {]h\p e`n Ghpw henb AwKoImcambn aptIjv ImWpXv. kzX{am[ya{]h\cwKtp XncnbptXm sSbmWv aptIjns\ P\w Adnbm\pw BZcnm\pw XpSpXv. knnk tPWenv, s\nk tPWenv Fsmsbp hntijWpdv X\npw Xs kaqln\pap AXnPoh\ns D]m[nbmbn mWv aptIjv sNdnsbmcp Iymad IntepXv. 2010 G{]nenemWv Cu amns XpSw. tKmh Bm\ambn {]hnp "hoUotbm hfntbgvkv' F k kwLS\bpsS Hcp ]cnioe\ ]cn]mSnbn bmZrnIambn aptIjv ]sSpm\nSbmbn. ]e klmbfpambn _sv \mnse k kwLS\ Ifpambpmbncp _amWv aptIjns\ Cu ]cnio e\ ]cn]mSnbntesnpXv. \n\cpw kaql PohnXns AcnIpIfntesmXpshcpamb sNdpmv XfpsS Npp]mSpIsf temIn\p apn AhXcnnm ]cnioennp ]cn]mSnbm bncpp AXv. dntmnntbpw hoUntbm tanntbpw _me]mT Ah cmgvNsImv aptIjns\ ]Tnnp. ]cnioe\w hnPbIcambn
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aptIjv cmPns t^kv_pv t]Pv

]qnbmnbXns\ XpSv Hcp t]mv sskkv sImUmv hoUntbm Iymadbpw \In. aptIjv Xs {Kman Xncnsn ]ntm hn`mKfpsS hmImbp hoUotbm hfntbgvkns hn`mKamb "Cy AtlUv' F sh_v SnhnbpsS dntmdmbn {]hnp XpSn. Hcp amkw sImmWv aptIjn\v Xs BZys hm jqv sNbvXv Xmdmm\mbXv. {Kmanse apfbpev] \nnp ]Wnmscpdnp hoUntbm Bbncpp AXv. Ahcmcpw AXphsc Iymad Incpn. aptIjv Chyqhn\mbn kao]ntm Ahcn ]ecpw HmSnsbmfnp. As\ Gsd ]Wns mWv aptIjn\v Xs {]YaZuXyw ]qnbmm\m bXv. BZys hoUntbm dntmv ]pdphtXmsS Imcy FfpambnpSn. {KmaoWcnse A]cnNn XXzw ]Xnsb \on; aptIjv Adnbsp XpSn. Hcn {Kmanse kvIqfnse Ipdp IpnI Aym]I XtfmSv ]Whpw km\fpw BhiysSpp Fp aptIjnt\mSv ]cmXnsp. tNmpw sUdpsams hmm ]dbpw, ]cov ^okv tNmZnpw Fsmsbmbncpp aptIjns Abhmkn IqSnbmb Fp hbpImcn lko\bpw IqpImcpw ]d ]cmXnI. km kvIqfpIfn hnZym`ymkw ]qambpw kuP\yamWv. bmsXmcp ^okpw CuSmm ]mSnmXmWv. slUvamtdmSp ] cmXnsSm\mWv XpSsa \nebn aptIjv IpnIsf D]tZinXv. Fm slUvam Ftmgpw aZy]nnm Wv hcpsXmbncpp IpnIfpsS adp]Sn. ]ntp Xs aptIjv Xs Iymadbpambn kvIqfn sen. aZy]nncnp Aym]Is\ Iv Chyq sNbvXp. ^okpw km\fpw hmpXns\nbpw
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At\zjnp. IpnIfpsS ]cmXnI icnhbvp Xmbncpp e`n hnhc. B hoUntbm dntmv {]knoIcn DSs\ AXns tImnbpambn aptIjv A[nImcnIsf kao]np. apgph hnhcfpw AhXcnnp. hoUntbm ASap sXfnhpIfpw \ncn. "\mbn FgpXn Xmdmnb ]cmXnbpam bnmWv aptIjv hXv. Xs kwLS\bn \np kn^npw hoUntbm ASap sXfnhpIfpw Hapmbncpp. AXv Fs tPmen Ffpamn,' tmv FUyptj Hm^okdmb AaIpamcn ]d bpp. HcmgvNpn Ah kvIq kinp. aZy]n ncp Aym]Is\ ]ncnphnp. kvIqfnse apgph hnZymnIfpw Hcp ^okpw km\fpw Bpw sImSpmsX ]cosbgpXn. "Fmhjhpw Fs A Sov Hcp otv sImSpmdpv. Fm C\n AXp th. F\npw `mhnbn cmPns\ tmsebmIWw,' 12 hbp kvIq hnZymnbmb Ajvao\ Jmq ]dbpp. Xs kaqlnse BfpIv, Npp]mSpaphv ]dbm\pXv tIm aptIjv sNhntbmpp. As\ tI Imcyfn \npw hoUntbm dntmp I Dmpp. XpSv _s A[nImctI{sf kao]nv XpS \S]SnIfpmpp. CXmWv aptIjn s {]h\ ]Xn. "Rm ImWpXpt]mse, Ftbpw Fs kaqltbpw AXv Fs\ _m[np pthm AXpt]mse, sXpIsf Xpdp Impp. AXns\Xncmbn t]mcmSpp. B sXpIfpsS Hcp Cc IqSnbmbncns shdpw \ncoI\mbncnm F\nm hn,' aptIjv ]dbpp. aptIjns {itbamb asmcp hoUntbm dntmm bncpp {Kmanse "Zpa{hmZn\n'bmb kv{Xosbpdn

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pXv. Zpa{hmZn\nsbp hnfnNv aph ]oUnn ncp dp_nb _o_n F kv{Xov aptIjns dntmns\ XpSv t]meokn \npw kwcWw e`np. tPmen e`nnpw tae[nImcnv ssIqen sImSpm\nmXpsImv tPmenbn {]thinm IgnbmXncpbmv \oXn Inn. sshImsX \yqkv FIvkv Snhn Nm\, sdUn^v.tImw XpSnb {]apJ am[ya aptIjns hmI kwt{]Ww sNbvXp XpSn. P\fpsS \n m Xs {Kman\p ]pdsa Nppap Adp]Xv {Kmafntep IqSn aptIjn\v Xs {]h\taJe hym]nntn hp. ]mmXy am[yafn hsc aptIjv cmPns IY hmbmbn. 2011 QmJv apJya{n APp aps {]ikvXn ]{Xhpw s]mmSbpw Iymjv AhmUpw \In Cu {KmaoW dntmsd A\ptamZnp. "Ctlstmse kzw kaqln\mbn {]hnp Hcp dntm DXn R A`nam \npp,' Fv Av apJya{n {]kvXmhnp. {KmaoW PmXnaXt`Zat\y ]Sw s]mnpw a[pcw hnXcWw sNbvXpw Cu AwKoImcw BtLmjnp. Fm kaqlns Xmsgn Dhv, AXpw A[nImcns A\oXnItfbpw AgnaXnItfbpw \mep Znhkw IgnmWv ]cmXn \InbnpXv. am{Xa ]cmXnbn kw`hw \SXmbn ]dbp kabv aptIjv Xs \mnse Hcp kkwLS\ bpsS Hm^oknembncpp FXn\pw sXfnhpIfpv,' hoUntbm hfntbgvkns IyqWntjkv amt\ Pcmb knmv ]n ]dbpp. am{Xa h\Ipamcn bpsS ktlmZc aptIjns\ t^mWn hnfnv `ojWnsSppIbpw asmcm hnfnv hnhcmhImi \nba{]Imcap At] ]nhenm tIkpw ]nhenmsav hnet]ipIbpw sNbvXp. Cu kw`hw Adnv tPWenpIfpsS kwcWn\mbp AtZiob kanXn (kn.]n.sP.)bpsS `mchmlnI Pnm t]meokv kq{]ns _stm Atlw t^m Ip sNbvXp. h\IpamcnbpsS t^m kznvHm^pambncpp. aptIjns\Xncmb tIkv ]n henm\pw AhImi kwcnm\pambn AtZiobamb Hcp Iymws]bv XpSnhncnpI bmWntm kn.]n.sP. CXn\nsS, Xs apSntmbncp kvIq hnZym`ymkw ]qoIcnpIbpw _ncpZ]T\n\mbp {iaamcw`npIbpw sNbvX aptIjv cmPns `mhn am{Xa Hcp tdmPvKm tkhIntbpw tem t]meo

"Rm ImWpXpt]mse, Ftbpw Fs kaqltbpw AXv Fs\ _m[nppthm AXpt]mse, sXpIsf Xpdp Impp. AXns\Xncmbn t]mcmSpp. B sXpIfpsS Hcp Cc IqSnbmbncns shdpw \ncoI\m bncnm F\nmhn,'
tNmZyw sNm ss[cysSphv, Imcy A{Xsbmpw Ffpasv sXfnbnpXmbncpp CubSp Imepmb Nne kw`h. Cgn sabv 18\v aptIjv cmPv "Cy AtlUv' sh_v sskn FgpXn, "Rms\mcp kplrns honencp mWv CXv FgpXpXv. ImcWw F\nv hon t]mIm \mhn. t]SnXpsIm AXv, ]s Rm ZpxJnX \mWv. temInse Ghpw henb P\m[n]Xykwhn[m\ n\v Fs\ C{Xam{Xw AgnaXnbn apmsaXv Fs ApXsSppp. 2012 sabv 8\v hnhcmhImi \nba{]Imcw Rms\mct] ^b sNbvXncpp. Ctm AXns t]cn GXp \nanjhpw Rm Pbnen t]mImw.' Xs {Kmanse sXmgnepdp ]Xn \Snnse AgnaXnsbpdndnv AXns hkvXpXI ]cntim [nm\mWv {]mtZinI tmv sUhevsav Hm^okn hnhcmhImi \nba{]Imcw aptIjv At] \Ip Xv. Fm, hnhcmhImi\nba{]Imcw adp]Sn \IpXn\p ]Icw, 2012 sabv 12\v tdmPvKm tkhIv Bb h\ Ipamcn Xs aptIjv `ojWnsSpn sbpw A]am\nspw Xs kzame ]nSnp ]dnspw Imn a[p]q t]meokv tj\n ]cmXn \In. Hct\zjWhpw \SmsX t]meokv tIkv cPn sNpIbpw sNbvXp. "kw`hw \SXmbn h\Ipamcn ]dbpXn\pw kntbpw Cu \S]SnbneqsS tNmZyw sNsSpXv; adnv kzX{]{X{]h\ntbpw P\m[n]Xym hImifptSbpw `mhn IqSnbmWv. "Fs dntmpI F\np thn kwkmcnpw. cp hjw apphsc Rms\mcp Iymad ssIsImp sXmnn. Fm Cv AsXs PohnXns AamWv. Iymad Iw ]dbn. Rms\s \ne]mSp Ifn Ddp \npp. Fs P\Xbvp thn kwkmcnm AoWw {]bXv\n F\nv Ctm \nfpsS klmbhpw ]npWbpw BhiyambncnpI bmWv. \nfpsS sFIyZmVyw am{XamWv Rm A`ynpXv. Zbhmbn Fs A\p`hw ]camh[n t]cnsenpI,' \tfmsSmambp "hoUntbm hfntbgvkv' ssknse aptIjns Iv Cs\ Ahkm\npp. XmdmnbXv: ]n. ken Ahew_w: http://www.silent-heroes.tv http://indiaunheard.videovolunteers.org/author/mukesh/ http://www.cpj.org/2012/05/charges-against-indian-videojournalist-must-be-dr.php https://www.facebook.com/IndiaUnheard.Mukesh

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B.G. Verghese

Independent Judiciary, Responsible Media : Twin Pillars of Democracy

At that grim moment, when madness had seized the powers-that-be, the Attorney-General hideously argued that even custodial murder would be legal under Emergency law. A learned constitutional bench of otherwise eminent judges flinched from differing with that brazen pronouncement. But one lone voice spoke up, fearless and firm: that of Justice H.R. Khanna. By upholding habeas corpus, he defied dread and dishonour and reestablished the supremacy of the rule of law. Justice prevailed.

t is a privilege to speak in remembrance of a great human being. When life, liberty and honour are at stake, if we have anything to turn to, besides prayer, it is justice. There was such a situation in the dark days of the Emergency when democracy was imperilled and freedom lost. Censorship had muzzled the media and all creative expression. Media builds community and, with that silenced, society seemed atomised and men and women feared to talk openly as there were tale-bearers and walls had grown ears. Parliament had virtually been set aside and the Constitution emasculated. But the idea of justice, one of the elemental verities that gives meaning to life, continued to emit a flicker of hope. At that grim moment, when madness had seized the powers-that-be, the Attorney-General hideously argued that even custodial murder would be legal under Emergency law. A learned constitutional bench of otherwise eminent judges flinched from differing with that brazen pronouncement. But one lone voice spoke up, fearless and firm: that of Justice H.R. Khanna. By upholding habeas corpus, he defied dread and dishonour and reestablished the supremacy of the rule of law. Justice prevailed. In paying tribute to the Judge this evening we remind ourselves that though India won Independence in 1947 it won freedom only 30 years later. Among the freedom fighters of 1977 was H.R. Khanna. We salute him. An independent judiciary is the bulwark of a free society as is an independent media. Not without

reason is the media designated the Fourth Estate, or the fourth branch of government in addition to the legislature, executive and judiciary. Edmund Burke had named it the fourth estate of the realm, in addition to the clergy, nobility and commoners. This was when the press for the first time took its place in the public gallery to report the proceedings of parliament. No more was the King imbued with the Divine Right to rule or misrule as he pleased. Both the judiciary and the media were now there to render him and all men accountable. The press initially largely confined itself to expressing opinions but was soon turned to reporting the news, on which opinion was based, in a manner that was fair and impartial. Objectivity and background provided the essential backdrop. The media has since grown from pamphleteering to a huge organised business, whether corporate or privately owned. Yet, despite private ownership, it remains in its truest sense a public trust, prone to error as all human endeavour will be, but called upon to remain above manipulation or selfish motives. Like the judiciary, the media must have an ethical basis, exposing the many sides of the truth. Laws are made by men but Justice is a greater value, based on natural justice or Gods truth. It is no surprise that the Indian Constitution places freedom of expression at the head of all fundamental rights. All human rights, of which freedom of expression is one, are inherent in life and co-equal. But in many ways, freedom of expression

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is the mother of all rights as it breathes life and gives articulation to all other rights. No wonder that all military coups are invariably accompanied by the takeover of the media and that censorship was the prime engine of the Emergency in India. The Gujarat High Court was censored when it struck done the censorship guidelines in 1976 so that none should know that their lives continued to be governed by a gross illegality. At the same time, the content and amplitude of freedom of speech and expression has been constantly expanded and protected by the Supreme Court. Thus the phrase has been interpreted to include freedom of the press and broadcasting and of all forms of creative expression. The celebrated 1995 Airwaves judgement liberated Indian broadcasting from an absolute State monopoly through total control of the electro-magnetic spectrum. It marked the beginning of private broadcasting in the country. The proximate cause of the suit was a ban on the up-linking of a cricket match from a foreign venue thus denying the Indian pubic the right to watch the game. This was seen to curb their freedom of expression. Mundane though this might appear, it gave substance to the concept of the peoples right to know and to make their ideas and expressions known to others. The media in turn has helped promote legal awareness and published the verdicts of courts that have in so many ways expanded peoples rights and protected their interests, livelihoods, privacy, dignity and good name. Until the 1980s however, a person could only approach the court if he or she had locus standi, which implied being directly affected. Again, verdicts gave relief only to the plaintiff, none else. This underwent change with the introduction of Public Interest Litigation, (PIL) when locus standi was extended to public interest and rulings had the effect of class action. Thus, if a poor tribal or dalit in some remote region was denied his rights or subject to an atrocity, any and every citizen acquired the right to move the court in the public interest. And if a single tribal or dalit victim was given relief then that same relief would apply to all tribals and all dalits through the doctrine of class action. The media not merely spread the word but, by publicising wrongs and atrocities, enabled the court suo motu to take cognisance of such matters. The media gave justice a million eyes and ears. The courts and the media have therefore worked hand in hand in expanding both justice and freedom. However, this relationship has not been entirely without strain. Trial by the media has become a menace in certain instances, vitiating and preempting due process. Obiter dicta and other passing observations by their Lordships have sometimes been reported as judicial pronouncements, causing needless apprehension and misunderstanding. Over-sensitive courts too have on occasion used the power of contempt to ward off legitimate scrutiny of the judicial process. These, however, are exceptions or aberrations and not the rule. The judiciary too

Justice H.R. Khanna

faces problems of accountability, backlogs and overreach. The judgement setting out the doctrine of an unamendable basic structure of the Constitution was an outcome of the Emergency. Prolixity has been a problem that has sometimes obscured the law in avoidable verbiage, leading to more litigation. Taking far too many cases on board only to dismiss the trivial has been a factor, along with allowing interminable arguments and adjournments, in delaying justice. Executive infirmity has sometimes encouraged judicial activism which, though often welcome, can upset the delicate constitutional balance. The Courts intervention in inter-state river water disputes, setting aside the verdict of tribunals - which can by legislation be constitutionally placed beyond judicial review, but has not been given such legislative protection - has opened up a can of worms. A supreme example of excessive judicial zeal was manifest in the direction given for executive action and periodic reporting of progress to the Supreme Court in the matter of Inter-Linking of Rivers in 2002 and again more recently. These rulings call for judicial introspection. But, everything said, the judiciary has been a sturdy shield and democratic bulwark. The media scene has been transformed over the past few decades. The chip, computer, satellite and other technological innovations have led to a communications revolution and created an instant world. Events can now be portrayed in real time and morphed to create virtual reality. This has caused the Fourth Estate in some ways to become the First Estate, with governments and citizens, like courts, reacting to the first information reports filed by the media. These are often incomplete, perhaps
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garbled on account of immediacy or even doctored, lacking mediation or context because of cut-throat competition to win ratings and resultant advertising. But distortion by design is not unknown with intent to mislead and influence hearts and minds through the power of disinformation as much as of information. The nature of the media too has undergone change. 24x7 channels tend to be shallow and repetitive and demand instant commentary. Hence trivia and sensation boiled down to catchy soundbytes are favoured and the old tabloid maxim of publish and be damned is once again in vogue. Debate and reflection are therefore often prone to start on a false note and by the time the fuller facts, context and background are out, events will have moved on to some new breaking news, leaving behind a trail of possible misinformation, prejudice and damaged reputations. This is not the norm but represents the ugly side of irresponsible journalism that has sadly been on
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the rise in India. Since the 24x7 channels and, now, the new social media steal the headlines, the print media too has often been reduced to practicing sound-byte journalism - short, snappy, opinionated takes and headlines calculated more to grab attention than inform the reader. This unfortunate trend has been reinforced by the high costs of modern media calling for sustained advertising underpinned by ever higher ratings. This has sometimes transformed the journalists calling from mission to commerce. Managers have seized power from editors and in extreme cases the very post of the editor has been abolished. Analysis, issues of deep social concern and culture often receive short shrift while cricket, Bollywood, crime and political trivia have come to the fore. Gatekeepers, as they were once called, have been overwhelmed by gatecrashers. This picture must not be overdrawn as there are proud exceptions and much excellent reportage and comment. But, as in Greshams Law, where bad

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money drives out good, insinuation often crowds out fact and trivia prevails over mature commentary. Ethics and the element of acting as public trustees of information have receded from the minds of all too many publishers. The profit motive prevails. Advertisers, even those supposedly imbued with high corporate social responsibility, are not altruistic. They seek favourable more than honest coverage and have been known to be vindictive when their interests are hurt. That the media is cultivated by and cosies up to powerful politicians and corporate houses is well known. The Radia tapes in India and the on-going News of the World scandal in the UK are contemporary examples. New devices to mint money have come to the fore in recent times some of these, alas, pioneered by leading, well-off media houses that had no reason to lower the bar. Paid news , advertorials, and private treaties, by which company shares are sold against rosy future advertising an underhand way of playing the market have become commonplace, with electoral candidates being sold varied packages for positive coverage for themselves and negative coverage of their opponents. Sadly, in these matters conscientious editors and reporters have to face up to unscrupulous proprietors focussed on the bottom line as even the Press Council discovered last year. The Government too is culpable.The extraordinary debility of Indias official communication policy, after adopting Satyameve Jayate as the national motto, defies explanation. Official classification and cartographic policy are abominations that have greatly harmed the national interest. The culture of official secrecy still prevails though the Right to Information has now brought sunshine into the dark interstices of public information. This has worked wonders in ferreting out information, with whistle-blower protection. It has empowered the citizen and rendered the state and its agents accountable. India has moved from a culture of silence and resigned fatalism to one of protest and legal recourse. This has brought revolutionary change. Yet things can go too far. Delicate and complex issues of governance cannot be carried out in the marketplace with every man and women on the street wanting to play the Lion too. Lines must be drawn. Article 19(2) prescribes reasonable restrictions. These limits may be questioned but cannot be overthrown in a democracy without inviting anarchy and chaos. Consultation must be genuine but bounded by considerations of time and cost so that decisions can be taken and the opportunity cost of delay avoided. Motivated leaks and plants cannot be allowed to drive public policy. These are some of the many questions that confront India today as it ponders the role and responsibility of the media and the law. Given these trends, the judiciary, government and even society have begun to call for regulation of the media. This may not be the occasion to dilate on restoring the centrality of the editor as the guardian

This is not the norm but represents the ugly side of irresponsible journalism that has sadly been on the rise in India. Since the 24x7 channels and, now, the new social media steal the headlines, the print media too has often been reduced to practicing sound-byte journalism - short, snappy, opinionated takes and headlines calculated more to grab attention than inform the reader
of the medias trusteeship role, or measures to prevent cross media concentration, or the contours of media regulatory bodies like broadcast complaints commissions, or legal restraints. Selfregulation is important and can be useful as the example of the Independent Broadcast Regulatory Authority, over which Justice J.S. Verma presides, well illustrates. But statutory regulation cannot be excluded, with the Courts and the legal community assisting in helping get the balance right. As in all things, balance is critical. Perhaps what one needs, as Indias media stands at the crossroads of a new societal and communications era, is a high-powered, nongovernmental Blue Ribband Communications Commission consisting of some of the nations best and brightest minds to look at the future of Indias rapidly evolving social dynamics and set the framework of a new information order for the country over the next 30-40 years as it moves from its present condition to become a predominantly urban, egalitarian, middle income society and an emerging world power. The Hutchins Commission did this for the United States just after the Second World War and insisted that the low-journalism of the day give way to the social responsibility of the media in a democracy. UNESCO did so again globally in the late 1970s in its report Many Voices, One World that dealt primarily with so-called North-South problems.. Communication, as much as Justice, will forever remain central to freedom, governance, culture and community. Both must march together to make a better India. As it is written in the Bible and in other great religious texts: Ye shall know the Truth, And the Truth shall make thee Free. B.G. Verghese is a Columnist and Fellow, Centre for Policy Research, New Delhi. This is a transcribed version of the H.R. Khanna Lecture by B.G. Verghese at IIC, New Delhi on July 4, 2012. B.G. Verghese E-Mail: bgverghese@gmail.com

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What is happening in News

Just have a look at how Editors and media managers answered this question. These are all summaries of their presentations made in the 11th International Newsroom Summit held in Hamburg, Germany in May 2012; Organised by WAN-IFRA

Ten trends to watch in journalism

The 11th annual Newsroom Summit opened in Hamburg, Germany, on Thursday with an overview of trends that are defining newsrooms today.

These trends are occurring at different speeds in different places, but I believe they are present, in one way or another, in newsrooms everywhere, says Erik Bjerager, President of the World Editors Forum, who provided this overview: 1. Newsrooms are increasingly outsourced. Well-paid journalists in old media are frequently exchanged for freelancers or external content companies with lower costs, he says. How this effects editorial integrity and the quality of journalism, we dont really know yet. As editors, you have much less control over content produced by outside partners. 2. Two-speed journalism is now a reality. 3. Breaking news is becoming digital. In this world, speed often trumps accuracy. 4. Data journalism is accepted as a discipline. There is increasing value on being able to access, mine and use that data to tell stories. 5. Infographics dominate print and web. Journalists are teaming up with news designers to create great infographics. 6. The difference between print and broadcast have shrunk. Multi-media journalism is becoming
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the norm. Newspapers, through multimedia, can access readers and viewers in their living rooms. It still remains to be seen if video produced by journalists will dominate the living room. 7. More momentum from mobile. It presents perhaps our best opportunity to reach our audience wherever they happen to be. The major challenge will be to create compelling content and viable business models. 8. Social media enrich journalism. Should journalists use social media to monitor attention? Engage and converse with audiences? Or as tools to research and dig up stories? The right strategy remains to be designed, but probably will include all these elements. 9. Ethics going back to basics. Getting the story right, and ethically right, is more important than getting a short-term scoop. We suffer from a lack of trust, and this has implications for the entire industry. 10. All-round newspapers are challenged online by big tabloids. Quality journalism has become niche. In many major markets, one tabloid newspaper seems to be the winner that takes it all. The classic all-round newspaper struggles for advertising online.

New jobs in the newsroom

We recruit by filling holes, says Anette Novak, but filling holes just maintains the status quo. Instead, she says, every new person you bring into the newsroom should be to do a job youve never had before.
Ms Novak, former Editor of Norran, Sweden, and Board Member, World Editors Forum, suggests that for newsrooms to truly move forward, newsroom managers need to consider creating new jobs, such as these seven: 1. Traffic conductor Someone who knows how

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media today

rooms the world over?

The FT and Newsroom 4.0

As the Financial Times moves into 2012 and the future, Managing Editor Lisa MacLeod says the papers goal is to focus on producing high-quality content and to allow users to access it however they want it.
To do that, it has made many changes during the past several years, such as: 1. Reorganized production so former newspaper sub-editors are now production journalists who are multi-skilled in digital and web output. 2. Reporters are now multi-skilled storytellers who are equally as comfortable recording podcasts as filming video in a studio or on location, Ms MacLeod says. 3. The FT has also moved web output upstream so reporters, editors and news editors are tagging, hyperlinking and publishing web stories as they are ready, rather than waiting for downstream production to start. 4. New work shifts start at 6-7 a.m. to cater to online readers, she says. Similarly, she says the FT has started publishing unique content to the web 24 hours a day, rather than dumping newspaper copy online once every 24 hours. When the FT recruits these days, Ms MacLeod says editors are looking for a new kind of journalist with new skills rather than only the traditional ones of good reporting and writing. Ms MacLeod says these new skills include:

to drive traffic to where we can monetise it, Ms Novak says. Its a very sobering experience to find out where your traffic is really coming from. 2. Editorial events director a person who helps connect your editorial efforts with what is going on in the community. When you say you want to do something good for the region, you will find there are a lot of people who want to partner with you (such as mayors office, or various social groups or organisations). 3. Crowd intake co-ordinator We need someone to guarantee we always have the best pictures, videos, etc., Ms Novak says. 4. Community journalism educator to help people become better contributors. 5. Transparency and integrity controller to make it clear what information is from whom. 6. Chief of crowd creativity We need to work to help make the crowd more creative, Ms Novak says. We need to be more specific and more inviting to get them to think more positively and more creatively, she adds. 7. Editorial quantifier if we are to survive, Ms Novak says, we need to calculate what content is interesting to readers. We need to move our thinking from clicks (on an article) to time (spent reading it). Also important is to keep a sense of ongoing innovation and disruption in the newsrooms culture. Disruptive is fun, Ms Novak says If you cant think like them, then hire them and bring them in. When you have fun, youre not scared any more.

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1. Data skills and the ability to mine and interpret data 2. Interactive graphic skills and the ability to work in Flash or HTML5, and translate data into graphical elements 3. Video journalism and the ability to work both on and behind the camera and produce high-quality video worth watching 4. Web production skills and the ability to understand and maximize excellent presentation of content online and on tablet devices 5. SEO and digital headline writing and display text skills 6. Multi-media commissioning and story planning 7. Innovative and entrepreneurial: Thinking of new ways to engage readers and draw them into specialized content and to new commercial possibilities success: 1. Pay employees to succeed at training 2. Force managers to make time for training 3. Measured by evidence of application to job 4. Obsessively tied to and teaching metrics 5. So hokey that it cant be ignored as another boring bureaucratic program that will just go away. In keeping with the ninja idea, the company has come up with five belt levels that are also tied to monetary rewards. The belts and their corresponding financial rewards are: a). White $100; b). Yellow $200; c). Orange $300; d). Green $400; e). Black Belt $1000 Mr DeRienzo says one requirement is that previous belts must be maintained (i.e. if a reporter earns a white belt by doing regular blog posts, they must continue doing blog posts when they move to the yellow belt stage).

Re-training journalists to be digital ninjas

Collaborative reporting and the UK riots

Paul Lewis admits that the title, Special Projects Editor, is boring. But the job is anything but.
Its not a sexy title, but it essentially it means I have a mandate to innovate and experiment with new possibilities in the digital era, says Mr Lewis, Special Projects Editor for the Guardian. Im encouraged to try out everything possible. Mr Lewis is taking the audience at the annual Newsroom Summit on an excursion to the heart of last years riots in the UK, to show how new digital and social media reporting tools allow a new, enriched collaborative journalism approach involving reporters, journalists and academics to provide deepernews coverage. From using Twitter to gather information and report it, to raising funds from foundations for serious reporting projects, to hiring researchers and academics to analyse big data, to organising crowdsourcing for the benefit of a news organisation, his case study presentation covered it all. Never before have we had access to so much information and never before have the possibilities been so limitless for doing journalism, he says. Twitter has become an essential tool for covering large-scale, multiple simultaneous events like the riots, Mr Lewis says. Nowadays, the first time we hear about a news event is via Twitter. And during the events, witnesses armed with mobile phones want to help and can be easily recruited. They have the capacity that journalists have had for decades, recording and then sharing information. Its a two-way street, with witnesses collaborating with reporters who ask questions and request advice, and send them information in return. Mr Lewis describes it as using people to help me report and feeding information back to the crowd, which is

Our parent company is called Digital First, and we view it as more than a name its our strategy, says Matt DeRienzo, Connecticut Group Editor of US-based Journal Register Company.

Addressing the key points of a new newsroom, Mr DeRienzo notes these characteristics: 1. Print-focused positions decline in importance 2. Investment in investigative and in-depth reporting 3. Investment in community engagement 4. Investment in breaking news desk infrastructure 5. Investment in outside partnerships. As a result, the aims of a new newsrooms are to: a). Build relationships, b). Join and build networks, c). Innovate for the reader Weve built an infrastructure around breaking news, Mr DeRienzo says. To help ensure employees have the necessary skills for to execute their new strategy, he says they have created a digital ninja school for all newsroom staff. Mr DeRienzo says there are five key elements for
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essential. The crowd helps report the story theyre helping the newsroom. The crowd wants to help the reporting process. When you help the crowd, the crowd wants to help you back. After the riots, Mr Lewis was intrigued by an academic report he discovered about the reasons for larger but similar riots in Detroit in 1967. He decided to try to reproduce the process in the digital age. But carrying out a large-scale sociological study, involving approximately 60 academics, journalists, researchers and transcribers is expensive. The Guardian solved the problem by winning grants from external foundations, and involving the London School of Economics in the process. The project involved a non-traditional research team mentors, youth workers, students, even taxi drivers and boxing instructors who had connections to the communities where the riots took place, and also had good interviewing skills. They interviewed 270 people involved with the riots and collected 1.3 million words in first-person accounts, which were gathered in a database and analysed by London School of Economics analysts. Mr Lewis says the Guardians reporting on the riots, its causes and aftermath provides an antidote to dilemmas facing newsrooms today: a) No money. The engagement of outside foundations provides new opportunities for serious reporting. b) Fewer resources. We have access to eyes and ears on the ground, people who are doing citizen journalism on our behalf. point for everything. With a recently intensified focus on areas such as mobile and TV, in addition to print and online, Mr Helin says Aftonbladet is managing all of this by taking a story first approach. All reporters are story first, he says. Mr Helin also notes that the next big game changer is mobile, and that Aftonbladets mobile platform receives 77 percent of all mobile web traffic in Sweden, and that by 2014, it is expected to be the most accessed form of Aftonbladet. In some cases, this is already happening. For example, he notes that on the morning that the new Swedish princess was born, Aftonbladets mobile traffic outpaced traffic on its website. Aftonbladet has also branched out into TV in a major way, and now offers about a dozen TV programmes that include a talk show about news of the week and one that introduces new films. This is something we couldnt have dreamed of 5 years ago, but today its our most interesting content and most popular among our audience, Mr Helin says.

Do separate online and print operations deliver more?

We want to have a good, thoughtful debate with our users and among our users, says Wolfgang Blau, Editor, Zeit Online.

Building relations with readers

We have twice as many readers of our digital editions as of our print, says Jan Helin, Editor-in-Chief of Aftonbladet (Sweden), the largest daily in Scandinavia.
Mr Helin predicts that this year, his newspaper will be the first in the world to have more ad revenue from online operations than from print. We had it for seven months last year, and this year we think we will have it for the whole year. Weve tried to build an ecosystem around our readers, he says, adding that thats the starting

The German weekly newspaper and its website have been growing over the past several years, with 2011 being their most successful year, Mr Blau says. Zeit Online is not profitable yet, but we are confident that we will be soon, he says. Noting that his company has an overlap between print and digital of only 6 percent, and that a 5-17 percent overlap between print and digital in European and North American newspapers is not uncommon, Mr Blau is offering some words of caution about the process of integrating print and digital newsrooms. Obviously, I am not arguing against the general idea of merging print and online, he says. I am rather questioning the premises under which or the goals and assumptions with which these
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And, in a country that doesnt favour paid online content, it is behind a paywall. We have unique content and we believe it should not be free, says Knut Engelmann, Managing Editor of Wall Street Journal Germany, making a case for offering quality content for a price. If you use online for a dumping ground for cheap and undistinguished content, you will not succeed, he says. Although specialized publications like The Wall Street Journal have unique content that readers are willing to pay for, Mr Engelmann believes that general-interest publications can also find such content. He recommends looking deeply into reputation, outlook, focus and uniqueness to determine what might be monetized. Every news organisation has to identify the quality content on their own, he says. It doesnt matter where you find it. All that matters is its distinctiveness, its uniqueness. Our success, tentative as it may be at this time, lets us leapfrog beyond objections you might have for this model, Mr Engelmann says. Our business in the digital age is not dead, but what is dead is the notion that if it is online, its got to be free.

mergers typically have been carried out so far. Am I personally an opponent of merging teams by principle? Mr Blau asks. No, of course not. That would be silly. Especially for daily newspapers who are already faced with shrinking revenue, merging both operations often is the only option they have. It seems to me, though, that there is an imbalance between how much attention is often being paid to the physical layout of newly integrated newsroms and how little attention is being paid to the restaffing of key positions in these merged teams. He adds that another reason for giving careful consideration to the print and digital staffs is that the audiences for print and digital are essentially different. The majority of the print audiences are 50 years old or older, Mr Blau says, whereas the majority of web audiences are 40 years old and younger. As a result, these different audiences have completely different points of view on different news stories

Integrating video into the newsroom

When AFP decided a few years ago to make a concentrated effort to expand its online video offering, it faced a number of difficulties.
Our departments used to work in parallel, and there was almost no collaboration, says Henry Bouvier, Head of Video, AFP, France. Mr Bouvier adds that there was the problem of reluctance from journalists: I dont want to become a Swiss knife, or The quality of my photos will go down. We heard all of that. There were lots of arguments against AFP doing what we wanted to do. We took a very prudent approach, Mr Bouvier says. Cultural change isnt something that happens in months, it happens in years. We decided to go slowly, but we would prove to the newsroom that it was possible. AFP decided to use only journalists who volunteered and trained a number of journalists in Paris and Asia, he says. AFP also decided that doing video should not replace any journalists main job of getting text or photos. Quality is the most important part of the project. Mr Bouvier says AFP didnt want to get into a situation where they could have been blocked by unions, etc. So, the project is working. Wed rather have 300-400 doing it regularly and getting good results than to have 2000 doing it reluctantly and poorly. For us, it works quite well, he says.

A case for paid content

It might seem unusual for The Wall Street Journal to describe itself as the new guy in town, but thats what it is in Germany its online-only German edition was introduced just four months ago.

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caveats the circumstances and criteria have to be right, you have to introduce it correctly, and take staff morale and resistance to change into consideration. Our intention was not to sacrifice staff jobs but to introduce a hybrid system gradually and humanely, relying on voluntary early retirements and natural wastage as subs left for greener pastures, he says. As the process was estimated to save 2 million euros a year, management of the company, which owns the Sunday Times, four daily and eight weekly community papers, agreed to do it. But persuading chief editors was more difficult, Mr Atkinson says. Naturally they felt threatened and emasculated as we discussed setting up a hub 1,500 kilometers away, he says. Naturally they were all concerned about staff morale, the quality of subbing, the loss of local knowledge and the fact that they would lose personal interaction with their staff. But hubbing made sense, to save costs and increase efficiency in a company that has a variety of papers with very different edition times. Freelancers who were hired on short notice to work on the Sunday edition would now work at home across all titles, helping staff editors in the hub, and bringing additional experience to regional papers. Among the results: 1. Three new supplements, including a new home and property section that attracted new advertisers, have been introduced with no extra production expense. 2. The hub, with a staff of 15, subs 600 pages a week, helped by freelancers. 3. Page flow and edition times have improved. The quality of copy has improved; productivity has increased especially in the case of Sunday reporters. And we no longer have a situation when six reporters from six different papers flew 1,500 kilometers to the same football match, stayed overnight, did a follow-up, decided to stay another night, because their expenses were signed by different sports editors that is gone, Mr Atkinson says. OK papers might have lost exclusivity, but they have gained in quality and quantity and the reporters are now enjoying the exposure writing for a far larger audience. The domestic travel savings alone would pay for an additional 4 reporters should we be that indulgent. Smart move in the newsroom or sheer stupidity? Only time will tell but I am optimistic about the future, Mr Atkinson says.
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Its not only about getting videos, for us it is an instrument of cultural change, he adds. Thanks to the videos we have increased communication among our departments. That has changed a lot. Web clips also help bring our journalists back to the field. You have to be there. You also might find other sources and youre likely to do better stories. We are still doing it (video training) on a voluntary basis, we are not forcing anyone to do it, he adds. Journalists are also paid 60 euros for each video they do, Mr Bouvier says. We felt that there would be a better return on investment because we believed we could sell the material on to broadcasters, he says. We have sold, and broadcasters are using, videos that were originally intended for multimedia. A lot of these web clips are used by TV stations at the broadcast price.

Traditional subbing versus new-age hubbing

.Are we able to increase productivity and efficiency and yet, at the same time, maintain the quality our readers have come to expect? How much money can we save? Can we afford to upset the most important section of any newspaper the cantankerous, anarchistic subs an area that has basically remained untouched for 150 years?

Peter Atkinson, Group Editorial Consultant for Avusa Media in South Africa, set out to answer those questions in his presentation to the annual World Editors Forum Newsroom Summit in Hamburg on replacing reporting and editorial teams at individual newspapers with editorial hubs for all publications in a company. He believes it is possible to successfully replace individual editorial teams with hubs, where a smaller number of staff editors, aided by freelancers, do the page subbing across titles. But he had several

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Never too late to integrate

Three northern France newspapers will combine their editorial teams next month, but the goal isnt just to save costs and create efficiencies. It will also allow the creation of new jobs to reflect new digital realities.

When the Voix de Nord, Direct Lille and Nord clair bring their reporting and editing teams together, there wont be a reduction in staff. But there will be a reorganisation to focus on multimedia, video, interactivity, audience engagement and local and hyperlocal news. We decided to learn from other experiences to try to identify major trends and to find good ideas. We went to numerous conferences and saw more than 200 presentations, says Pierre Mauchamp, Deputy Editor-in-Chief of La Voix du Nord, who cited dozens of media companies that provided inspiration for the reorganisation The New York Times, Ringier, Le Parisien, The Telegraph, BBC, Washington Post, Zero Hora, and Le Soir among them. Big institutions, small institutions, media around the world, pure players, all contributed without knowing it, he says. We picked small ideas, and tried to identify the big trends, and chose among the big trends theyre not always compatible. The new jobs in the newsroom include multimedia subeditors, community managers, data journalists and visual sub-editors. All journalists will work in multimedia. Convincing staff to make the transition was a key task. We told them you can find new ways to carry out our job and mission, Mr Mauchamp says. At home, our journalists were using digital media, but as soon as they came into the newsroom, they were print journalists. We had to convince them that other people were using digital media too Among the changes will be a focus on hyperlocal, with the creation of 24 locally-managed zone sites, with more than 1,500 hyperlocal landing pages, covering all villages and towns in the region. In addition to staff, contributions will come from 500 citizen journalists, with a portal site aggregating the best material from the local web. New thematic landing pages will also be created for sports, economics, lifestyle, culture and more

Measuring social media success

Why is social media important? That is the question posed by Lukas Maixner, GM and co-founder of Socialbakers, a social media and digital analytics company with customers in more than 60 countries. There are two main answers: communities and traffic.

Mr Maixner explains that his company helps other companies measure the effectiveness of their marketing campaigns on social media websites such as Twitter, Facebook, and YouTube. Social media websites are mostly based on recommendations rather than search results, he says. If it comes from social, users are more likely to stay. Mr Maixner notes that there are three main ways of measuring social impact: 1. Social listening tracking opinions, etc. by using keywords 2. Influence rating more of a personal rating, how is a specific person influencing his friends/ how many followers does he have and how much

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He points to how the media can help transform regions as it has done in the Arab Spring. There is a major democratic movement going on around the world, and this is one of the changes we are seeing the power of media. He also calls the rapid pace of technological change, particular the tornado of mobile growth, a positive development for news media. We are in the right spot and the right time with the right tools, and it is up to us not to screw it up, he says. We were taken by surprise by the Internet. We were not taken by surprise this time. Mr Brunegard identifies several enemies of change that media companies need to discuss openly and deal with. One is credibility, and the image the industry has with government and the public. We need to deal with this because it locks us into a position which has an impact on our ability to work freely, he says. Another is, we are so scared about the future and where revenues come from that we jump into any partnerships that are there. Ill just say, Apple, Google, and Facebook and you know what we mean. Still another is failing to face the reality that power is shifting to consumers and individuals. A lack of self-confidence is also an enemy of change. There is a doom and gloom mentality out there. Sometimes we feel its like it is Jurassic Park were working in and were not. The attitude from us as leaders in the newspaper industry is so important.

influence does he have with them, etc. 3. Platform metrics such as Facebook insights. He further suggests watching these metrics: 1. Fans total number of fans 2. Engagement rate the amount of people on average interacting with your content 3. Response rate/time resp. rate and time to your fans posts, very critical for reactive engagement 4. Growth momentum and growth. Media companies should also find out the most engaging types of posts such as links, photos, video, etc., he says. In summary, Mr Maixner says it is important to: 1. Choose the right metrics to monitor 2. Build great content for social prescence 3. Make sure you do both proactive and reactive engagement 4. Create simple tools to help keep people involved

Dealing with the enemies of change

Do you enjoy your job? Do you think youre doing the right thing? Do you have a purpose?
Those are the questions media companies should be asking their employees, if they want to succeed in a rapidly changing media environment. Tomas Brunegard, CEO of Swedens Stampen Group, puts an inspiring finish on the 11th annual Newsroom Summit with a look at the big issues facing news media as they cope with changes that impact the industrys ability to fulfil its central role in democratic society.

But perhaps the biggest enemy is failure to counter the natural human instinct to stick with the familiar and resist change. Motivation is the antidote, he said ensuring the people have autonomy, are given the opportunity to excel, and have a purpose in their work. Its all about attitude, its between the shoulders, Mr Brunegard concludes. We can change. We can change together, and we can change at a much faster pace than we have in the past. We can make a difference in the future. We can change society

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\ImsX ]mhw hmb\mcs apnsepIbmWv. Hw AdnbmsX XakvcnsSpXv Nnnt hmIfpw. sNdnb aqp DZmlcW. tIcfns sat{Sm knnbmb sImnbntmepw Uk IWn\v kqkvs]jymenn Bip]{XnI hcptmgpw Hcp kothPv kntam ]q ipPe hnXcW kwhn[m\tam Imcohv {]tbmdnnbn hcpn. tIcfnse an DXcm{ob t\XmfpsSbpw Pnbmb Bepgbn \Kcnse ss_]mkv \nmWw Ign 35 hjambn A\mYambnnSpXv tIcfob kaqln\v hcpnsmncnp iXtImSnIfpsS CUbdv kmnI\w hmbmm \app Ignbpn. tIcfnse km {]mYanIhnZymebfn Aym]I AhcpsS ]IpXnbntesd {]bXv\tijn IpnIsf ]TnnpXn\v D]tbmKnpn F thUv _mns dntmv \apsmcp hmtbbmbn. aoUnbmbpsS kmtXnI angnhns ^ew kpkwLSnXamb {]m\sftmepw Dep sImncnp ImeamWnXv. hmb\mc Cs HXp aWn hmmbn, \mfs ]{X n\mbn \n\mbn Imncnp IbmWv. t\mhenpw hoWw ap]{Xm[n] cpamWv teJI. teJIs Csabv: varma.klmohana@gmail.com

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Sarah Jaffe

Friends, Followers and the Future: How Social Media Is Changing Our News and Our Lives
Rory OConnor is betting on the future of media. The author of a new book, Friends, Followers and the Future: How Social Media are Changing Politics, Threatening Big Brands and Killing Traditional Media, just published by City Lights, OConnor is a longtime journalist whos seen sweeping changes to his profession. Unlike many with his experience, however, OConnor is optimistic about the new, more democratic, more widely distributed future of media, and he lays that argument out in his book, looking at how Facebook, Twitter and other new media have radically transformed the way we get our news. OConnor took some time to talk about his book, his research and why he thinks that providing access to the means of media production to millions of citizens is democratizing the news.

arah Jaffe: Trust was a major theme of your book and of the problems that the media are having right now. Could you elaborate on that for us a little bit? Rory OConnor: I would actually go a little further and say trust is the central theme of the book. I think that is the central issue before all of us, journalists and non-journalists, in a new media world. Weve got this tsunami of information that we never had before at our fingertips. And the first response, of course, was, Wow, great. Weve got all this information. But then it becomes so overwhelming that the next response is, oh, my God, look at all this information. How can I process it? How can I separate signal from noise, wheat from chaff? How can I find whats really valuable without drowning in the flood? So the issue then becomes, how do I find trustworthy news and information? Having valuable information thats credible is becoming increasingly important as we become more and more of an information-centered society. I also think that the issue of Can we trust the providers of the tools and technologies that have empowered us? obviously becomes another big issue. And then in addition, now that the politicians are making their own media, can we trust what theyre saying? And obviously big brands of all sorts, not just

legacy brands, but across a very wide spectrum are coming in for scrutiny. In the past that was the definition of a brand, that I trust them, I know them over time, I bought their products, I know theyll be good and theyre consistent. I think that by the creation of these new brands, weve created this system of micro-brands now thats stretching the very meaning or the past meaning of what a brand is, to the point at which it may no longer even be a useful term. If everybodys a brand, then what does it mean to be a brand? SJ: As the old media brands decline, a lot of the big ones that are rising up, the Googles and the Facebooks--theyre not content producers, theyre content purveyors or theyre connecting engines, but theyre not producing news. So where does that leave those of us who still produce the news? RO: My take on this is probably 180 degrees diametrically opposed to the conventional wisdom. I actually think that this is one of the most fertile and potentially best times in the history of journalism, because the barriers to entry that were so much higher decades ago, when I started doing this, have almost gone away. And its a time of great experimentation. I think theres a great opportunity for people to get into a field when a field is changing so rapidly. SJ: When I talk to kids who are really enthusiastic about going into journalism, I have a hard time trying to figure out a way to tell them
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how to make a living. RO: Well, but its always been tough making a living in journalism. I drove a taxi for two and a half years before I ever got my first job. I would say that aspect of it is not necessarily new. I do feel like theres a lot of openings now because the people who are running the legacy media no longer think they know whats going on. Most of them dont know what to do for the next step, but they know theyve got to change. Thats a sea change, because when I was coming out they were quite convinced that they knew what they were supposed to do. I worked in a lot of different contexts, including the networks and so on. Ive had different experiences in not-for-profit and commercial and big and small, and cable and broadcast and so on. In the past these people were convinced that this is the way its always been and this is the way it should be. Just for example, what is the dominant metaphor in the television business? Its control. They literally have the control room. So what that actually means is that they believe in this centralized hierarchical broadcast model of one to many. And thats gone. Its heyday is over. Its not coming back, okay? Instead we have a completely different model, the flattened, democratized model. And that induces fear in people. Its not surprising to me that theyre afraid, but its surprising to me that more people arent willing to go beyond their fear and say, well, this could be a positive for us if we actually are open to it. SJ: In the book, you refer to social media as a form of access to the means of media production. Paul Mason says in his book Why Its Kicking Off Everywhere that what he calls networked individuals, who are using this many-to-many communications form, are actually changing the way we think and communicate, and are a fundamentally different type of person than we were before. What do you think about that? RO: I think there may well be something to it, and in fact, I reference in my book the preliminary results of a study that Time Inc. was doing on that very topic. And what the preliminary results showed is that theres some reason to believe that younger people, lets say digital natives, that their brains are actually wired differently. Again, these were preliminary results, but it was suggested because the brains actually appeared in the scanning to be different. That would not surprise me if that was the case. SJ: I also think that the culture of sharing online, specifically on social media, is changing the way we relate to property as well as to media. We dont need to buy music, we can listen to music online. I wonder how much this stuff is really, really changing us. RO: The key moment for me was when I decided I wanted to do a documentary on Wikipedia, and they were having, for the first time, something called Wikimania, where all the Wikipedians actually
Pqsse 2012 Rory OConnor

got together. I went over and I was shooting this documentary, and for days I was hearing people saying, We have to share and nobody can be in control and you have to let go. And at a certain point in the middle of this week of being surrounded by these people all the time, a light bulb went off and I said, I shouldnt even be making a documentary. I should be making a Wikimentary. So I did all the shooting and then uploaded all of the media, all the tapes, into the cloud, and I cut my own piece which I put up there, and I also put up the script. But then I said, Heres all the media, so maybe you can make a truer version. You can modify my version, or you can make a whole version yourself. It was really a departure for me because I actually had to consciously say I have to let go. Again, if youre thinking documentary film, what do they call that? The director. Theres a reason we have all these terms; theyre metaphors for the reality, the underlying subconscious underpinnings. That was around 2004, and in a sense thats what launched me into this whole project. I started blogging that same year. I started really looking at the new tools, which were just being created at that point, Facebook, Twitter, YouTube. People forget how new these media are. They literally havent been around for 10 years, most of them.

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When I started my company, Globalvision, 25 years ago, we needed to buy a $60,000 video camera, just to make the stuff. When we were editing we had to have all this equipment, and to finish it, we had to go to a $400-an-hour room. Now I do all that with a $2,000 camera and my computer. How could this not be better? For the first time in history, we have this information at our fingertips. You combine that with these new tools and technologies, then with the online social networks. One of the other key points in my book is that online social networks are very different from offline social networks, so they have unique characteristics. Putnam was talking about offline social networks, which are much smaller and have much stronger ties. In other words, your family and close friends. Obviously, the online ones are much wider and much weaker and the ease of the creation of these networks has an incredibly low cost. By that I dont just mean the financial cost, but effort. All of the costs involved are so low and so easy, that we now have access to a much wider range of people and more social capital than we had in the past. And it can expose us to more diverse news and information. SJ: People are always saying, Oh, well, online you just talk to people who agree with you. But I find that in person you might hang out with people who disagree with you, but you dont talk about the things you disagree about. My parents and I have dtente at the dinner table, we dont talk about politics. People at work, who dont work in a political setting, dont talk about politics at work, or dont talk about religion. Online, I actually found that I learned more about things that my friends believe because I follow them on Facebook or on Twitter, things that I would have found out otherwise. RO: Yeah, and theres lots of corporations and politicians that know all about that too. SJ: This is very true. RO: Its exactly what I was just saying, the offline social networks are smaller and tighter. Its very strong, what they call bonding capital. And people will, if they disagree, avoid the topic, or if youre with your family and your close friends, theres more likelihood that youre going to agree on those things than a universe of, lets say, 1,500 friends and acquaintances on Facebook. So by just having a wider network, youre going to be exposed to more diverse material, unless you fix it and game it. SJ: Getting back to the corporations that know everything about us now, you mentioned in the book that the executives at Facebook talk about reconfiguring the idea of public and private. What does that mean, for journalism and also for progressives or civil libertarians? RO: What it means for journalists, thats something that people even now are debating. Lets say a news event happens, one of the first things that any journalist does now is immediately go to social media and see what they can find out. But theres a debate coming up now, and the AP is considering what standards should be in this regard. What somebody posted on Twitter, if something happens to them, the next thing you know their private lives might be splashed out on the AP wire or the New York Times. Now, is the stuff public? Well, yes. So, for journalists, this is actually a matter of some debate. People are trying to look at evolving standards and practices as to how to best deal with that. In terms of the other issue--I dont think its a progressive issue, its a privacy issue. This brings us full circle because if these large companies repeatedly violate your privacy, what happens? You say, I cant trust you. Thats why we get back to the central issue. All of the other spokes in my book always come out of trust. Now, its privacy, I cant trust them, because they keep making my private stuff public without even asking me. All of these issues are coming up in this new world and they all evolve around that one central issue of trust. I think the privacy one is the big trust issue and I think that more and more people are saying, I dont trust Facebook, I dont trust Google. And in the end, if you are a big brand, isnt that really all you have is trust? You dont have a trust relationship with your customers, in the end your brand is going to suffer and your company is going to suffer. I think thats whats happening. Google, in particular, is in bad shape now because they have the same privacy and trust issues as Facebook, but its compounded by the fact that were moving into a world where social is replacing search, and theyre a search company and they cant do social. Are they going to go away? No. But they could go away in the sense of being the dominant internet phenomenon that they were for the last 10 years. I mean, Microsoft is obviously still a very big and profitable company. But nobody looks to Microsoft for any cutting-edge things anymore. SJ: Biz Stone (co-founder of Twitter) told you that Twitter is social media, but is not a social network. What do you think he means by that? RO: I think hes right. A social network is a very particular thing and Twitter is not that, because Twitter is not so much about the relationships per se. Twitter is a lot of different things to a lot of different people. I have always found it, right from the inception, a tremendous journalistic tool, for example. People who dont really do Twitter or understand Twitter always say, Well, how could you say anything meaningful in 140 characters? But Twitter is about the link economy. Facebook is a lot more than that. They perform, very, very different functions in the social universe. SJ: Facebook still has this custom of using your own name, your picture, it tends to be people you already know. Whereas I follow lots of people on Twitter that Ive never met, I have no idea who they are, and a lot of cases I dont know what their real name is. But weve been interacting, in some cases since 2008, on this silly little thing where we
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talk 140 characters at a time. It goes back to the idea of many to many and which many. RO: Andy Carvin is maybe the best example of someone who is taking these tools and creating entirely new ways to use them. Hes a social media strategist at NPR, and he was an early blogger and he went to a blogging conference in Tunisia in 2005, so he knew Tunisian bloggers. When stuff started jumping off there, they got in touch with him on Twitter and they said, hey, theres some stuff going on here, we could use some help. He just got into it because he knew these guys from his social media world. But within a year he had created a whole new way of doing journalism. Thats why Im so optimistic and enthusiastic, despite all the doom and the gloom. Is journalism threatened? Well, yes it is. But if newspapers die, that doesnt mean journalism has to die. I believe that newspapers will die, in fact, at least the way that we currently understand them, in a very short period of time. Since the journalists work for the newspapers day and make media and beam it out, but how am I going to get anybody to focus on it? Now were back to the tsunami. Now were back to the issues of how I find credible information. The answer is that I have got to become a trusted provider of news and information to you, and if it works for you, you will find me and then you will probably tell other people. How can that be a bad thing? SJ: There are some questions, though. Do we actually find the best news or do we just find the loudest and the people who self-promote the most? My question is, citizen journalism is a great thing and things like Occupy Wall Street wouldnt have happened without it. But how do we keep funding that? How do we keep doing this stuff when something isnt trending on Twitter anymore, how do we make sure that the maybe not-so-sexy stories are still getting covered or still getting reported on? RO: I guess I would say that its always been a struggle. Ive had stints in my career when I was an investigative reporter. Frankly, all reporting is investigative reporting, but the way that we understand that term, I can tell you, it was never popular with the bosses. Why? It cost a lot of money, and it might not pan out. It was uncertain. It happened, but it happened because it was massively subsidized. It was subsidized by all the other stuff in the newspapers and things now on the so-called fluff was paying for this, and also advertising. So were coming out of this period where we moved from the model of rich individuals, Hearst to Pulitzer, saying I want it for either commercial or political gain and thats why I control this media, and moving over to this other model where advertising paid for it. Well, that model is gone. Its not coming back. Theres a lot of challenges out there. Im not going to tell you all the answers are before us. Youre talking about a revenue issue. That hasnt been solved yet. On the other hand, there are a lot of extremely interesting experiments going on. There are a lot of nonprofits that have sprung up that are doing good work and are now getting support. Theres more collaboration happening; out of necessity people are being forced to work together and to distribute together. I think were literally in the middle of a revolution. In a revolution, things are uncertain, people get hurt, lots of things happen that in a less tumultuous time might be viewed as negative. But thats the situation were in. So you can either deny it and put your head in the sand, or you can embrace it and try to find a model going forward. Thats pretty much where I put my bets, on the future. TSarah Jaffe is an associate editor at AlterNet, a rabblerouser and frequent Twitterer. Courtesy: www.alternet.org

and the magazines and all these places and things have been getting cut back, they of course see only doom and gloom. But theres another story, theres a flip side to it, theres actually, potentially, a very sunny one where were coming out of a world where just a handful of people were able to tell you thats the way it is. Dont get me wrong, I knew Walter Cronkite and I loved him, but that was the apotheosis of the old thinking. There were three centralized networks and at the end of the day they would give you your half hour and tell you thats all you need to know and thats the way it is. Well, we now know theres a million ways for it to be, a billion, seven billion, however many people are out there. And we have a different set of problems now. So yes, now we have the means to produce media, which is great, and moreover, we have the means to distribute it and redistribute it, which is great. The question now is the attention economy, because I can sit here at my computer all
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S. Ganesh

Science and Technology Reporting in CNN and BBC

A content Analysis study

Science and technology reporting assume major dimension because, this is the era of science and technology. Media play a role in development(Gupta V.S. 1995) and science and technology are developmental areas (Dua and Gupta 1994) Many breakthroughs have been made in the realm of science and technology and this has helped to some extent surely.Environmentalism has also been reported in media among science (Chapman 1997) Science has made lives easier and convenient to live and benefitted many people. Those who have studied very well could occupy power positions and command a lot of money and prestige not only in democratic countries like the USA and India but everywhere. The knowledge of science has helped in many inventions and innovations greatly and has made or helped in prolonging life. Science has made cure for many diseases and life saving drugs have been invented greatly. This article traces the concept of science and technology reporting found in two channels of BBC and CNN respectively. One month content analysis of BBC and CNN was made and the method is studying the content of these channels one monthbetween8.30 to9.30 PM roughly in the night in Salalah, Oman Content analysis is a systematic method to study the content of any medium according to Bernard Berelsen, a communication and public opinion theorist(Ganesh 1995). 15 days of CNN and 15 days of BBC were observed from 9-3-2012 to 8-4-2012. In a study done Editorial patterns of Tribune under three editors, the authors JohnWindhauser, Will Norton and Sandy Rhodes analyzes the editorial pattern using content analysis method. Many studies on content analysis appear in Journalism Quarterly and other publications including Journal of Communication. Guido Stempell is an authority on content analysis and is well known for his book the Research Methods in mass communication. Content analysis of electronic media is like doing content analysis of any other media. Electronic media are powerful (Ghosh 1996) TV is also powerful in India and everywhere (Kumar 1989) The content analysis is divided in to two broad categories and the categories include Science,Technology and some amount of Business and finance news were included. Science included diseases, environment, nuclear, tsunami oil and gas, earth quake, virginity tests, volcano, astronauts

ntroduction

earth quake, construction alps, encyclopedia, fossil, pain, oceans, space, telecommunications, countries, telescope, snow, animals, gay people and unemployment and other stories. Technology related stories include Olympics, technology related stories websites, computers, phone hacking, high tech exports, rockets, ipads, global warming fusion and other stories. Some business and other stories were also included.

Findings

Science, Technology and business amounted to 158 (100%) stories in CNN and BBC. There were 87 stories in BBC were reported of which 47 (29.74%) dealt with science and 71 stories were reported in CNN of which 34 (21.51%) dealt with science. There were 40 (25.31%) technology stories in BBC and 37 (23.41%) technology stories in CNN. Science is more in BBC -47 (58.02%) compared to CNN 34(42.88%) Technology is more in BBC with 40 stories (51.94%) compared to CNN with 37 stories (48.05%). Total time came to 134 minutes and 30 seconds or 7.47%out of 1800 minutes or 100% and there were 32 countries covered. UK came 1ST with 44 and USA came with 35 stories. There were computers and websites were included in the study and about 15-20 came across in the study. UK was reported more often because BBC is from there and CNN had reported more US stories. Science stories had diseases -2 green party 1, environment -1, avalanche 1, foundation1, products 1,nuclear 4, tsunami 1, earth quake -1, oil & gas 2, virginity tests 1, construction 1, economy and business 11, volcano 1, astronauts, 1 alps 1, encyclopedia 1, earth 3, fossil, 1 pain 1, fishermen 1, websites 9, medicine 2, coal consumption 1, oceans, 1 tele communication 1, space 2,colours, 3, telescope 1, snow,1, animals 2, gay people 1, unemployment 1, and aging 1. Technology stories had Olympics 1, fast track 1, finance -5, global exchange 3, unemployment 1, technology 3, website 2, space craft 2, electric car1, companies 5, Google 1, Olympics 1, business schools 2, internet 5, transit railway 1, phone hacking 1, high-tech exports 1, rockets, 1, Ipads 1, nuclear 2,
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Technology

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global warming 2, fusion 1, and world bank 1.

Results

Science is found more in BBC considerably than CNN because CNN is private and BBC is a public service broadcaster. Science news is given importance in the BBC because people would like to watch BBC to know more than anything else. CNN on the other hand is a Ted Turner operated network in the US and it is operated more for profit than anything else. The technology stories also are found in BBC more than CNN for the same reasons. Like in India and every where, the private channels are more interested and are committed to their viewers and advertisers primarily and then only they will come to public. The concept of positive journalism is generally found in public service broadcasters like BBC more than private broadcasters like CNN. Even developed countries media like BBC and CNN, the situation is same as in developing countries that the private broadcasters are more interested in entertaining and are less committed to issues like the science and technology. The public service broadcasters whether in developed countries or developing countries are committed to public causes and purveyors of public information. The findings reveal that public service broadcasters carry more development journalism or development reporting than private broadcasters regardless whether it is a developed country or developing countries. The positive news is more in BBC in the form of science and technology stories than anything else or any other channel like CNN. Although CNN news stories may be interesting compared to BBC, those who are interested in development and in good things would watch BBC more than CNN. We can hypothesize that CNN stories are more interesting than BBC as a whole as the orientation of private broadcasters is to provide information and education less but entertainment more. Much more, the broadcasts analyzed were aimed at Oman and a second or third world viewpoint should be accepted. The CNN stories must be more interesting compared to BBC stories because CNN is a private organization and the BBC stories are generally informative. The public interest is given more by BBC than CNN although CNN may be catering to different type of interests altogether. The public service and private broadcasters need

to provide more quality oriented service to people all across and more educational and informative broadcasting is required from both of these. Public broadcasters care for certain values and foreign public service broadcasters like BBC would give importance to foreign or western viewpoints or western perspectives more than any other perspectives. This also found in certain amount here in the broadcast of science and technology stories. Western viewpoint of glorifying western culture and modernization has been found in both the BBC and CNN perspectives of technology and science reporting. Anything western is beautiful or modern is nearly reflected in these broadcasts of CNN and ABC. Non western perspectives on science and technology are not reflected much in most of these contents. Although there are some Japanese stories on science, more could be needed for better representation. And again, Japan is highly westernized and the technology and science may be meaning the same thing more or less. But, the application and adaptation of science and technology in native or local contexts could be shown for Eastern or Arabic or omani perspective.

Conclusion

Science and technology reporting in CNN and BBC has shown that there are science and technology found in these broadcasts and these represent western view points and developments. There is more Science and technology found in public service broadcaster of BBC than private CNN. More stories originate from US and UK the countries from where these broadcasts originate. There is considerable length o r time is devoted for science and technology in BBC as it is public service broadcaster and less in CNN in comparison to overall news stories. Some amount of business and computer stories are found in BBC and CNN has more political orientation keeping its viewers and advertisers in mind. A more detailed follow up study with better scientific research methodology is needed.

Ganesh is a a Lecturer - communication studies, College of Applied Sciences, SalalahOman Ganesh E-Mail: ganeshmedia@hotmail.com

What needs to be done

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Ken Doctor

The newsonomics of small things

The days when publishers could rely on two big revenue streams advertising and circulation are over, and theyre not coming back. Its time to search for smaller golden eggs.

f the news business were sexy enough (its not) to fuel Hollywood or Bollywood filmmaking, we might envision this wake-me-from-the-dead screenplay: A publisher (Im thinking Tom Hanks, now almost old enough to look sufficiently weary), lured by the sirens on the Isle of Profitos, falls into a deep, deep sleep. Awakened 10 years later, he finds his golden egg of a business withered, an ellipse of uncertain provenance or fertility, halved in size. He pokes around the egg surely the once-thriving thing can be revived somehow. Finally, after what seems like years, he gives in to nature, and set outs to find a new, big golden egg. Yet search as he might, through forest, beach, and urban landscape, he can find none. All he finds is little eggs. They seem puny. Egg analysts calculate that these little finds will never reach the size of the prized golden egg, and advise they be discarded. They are no replacement for that big golden egg. But maybe, say a couple of advisers, you need to learn how to assemble a bunch of those golden eggs. Some will never grow big, to be sure but some may thrive, and if you add three or four of them together, maybe they will begin to approach the size of that golden egg. Thats the news industry today. Until recently, the holy grail was summed up in two words: replacement revenue. Now the jigs up. No matter how fast you shovel digital dirt into the chasm of print loss, you cant recreate the past; you cant fill the hole. Now, though, we see new foundations being set and fresher building with more realistic expectations begun. The change is a huge one. Where once top newspaper company execs eschewed new initiatives as too small with which to bother, the awareness that the old business simply is never coming back has almost sunk in. Meinolf Ellers, managing director at dpainfocom, crystallized the Small Things phenomenon for me last month. At a Moscow conference of

MINDS International, a five-year-old network of 22 of the worlds news agencies, he invoked Steve Jobs and talked about getting small things right. People have talked about the Apple founders attention to small product details, to doing fewer things better and to pricing some things low (think iTunes songs at the uniform and now ubiquitous price point of 99 cents). Start small, get it right, and then maybe if the universe aligns, get big. For Ellers, one of the best forward thinkers in the news business, thinking small works, for now, on at least two levels. He thinks of the lessons of the digital gaming industry and how luring in customers step-by-step first with freemium techniques, and then with low (yup, 99 cents) incremental pricing builds customer engagement and purchasing. Secondly, he thinks of it on a more global level: What we all see newspaper publisher or news agency is that the bundle is eroding, losing its power. The more we see the bundle losing market share and reaching the end of its lifecycle, the more we have to work on smaller, fragmented products that, not each by each, but overall, can compensate. Thats the strategy. So, lets call it the newsonomics of small things, with a nod to Mr. Jobs and to Meinolf Ellers realization. Lets focus on Small Things as opposed to Big Things meaning traditional advertising and circulation, the long-in-the-tooth double-digit contributors to newspaper company revenues. It would be great to replace those-end-of-lifecycle business lines with other Big Things, but those are few and far between. Google developed the Next Big Thing of paid search advertising, and continues to dominate that $40 billion global industry, with 76 percent market share in the Americas and 94 percent in EMEA, according to Covario, an large, independent search marketing agency. AT&T and Verizon replaced their cycle-ending landline business by going Triple Play, adding broadband
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and cable to their revenue lines. Facebook cornered the market on a little segment called global social connectivity. Newspapers have been searching in vain for two decades for such Big Things and have come up short. So lets touch on six Small Things each now a small egg, at best a single digit contributor to overall revenue. Then lets toss in a couple of Wild Things, fliers of businesses that might work. We can turn our eyes to Texas to see at least half of them, an indication of how fast the Small Things movement is accelerating. In Houston and San Antonio, Hearst has been leading the marketing services push, among newspaper companies. In Dallas, the Morning News is making a significant business of in-sourcing, becoming a major printer and distributor of Old World print, at the same time it is launching (with Hearst) its own marketing services foray. In Austin, the Texas Tribune has created an events business model, widely, if quietly, being studied and adopted in various parts of the country. In Morning News publisher Jim Moroneys sumup of his push, I think we see a common thread among these and of Small Thing moves: Print editions are not going away anytime soon. So, if youre not outsourcing, take the extra capacity of your print facility and bring in as much commercial broadsheet or tab newsprint work as you can. Theres no reason to have idle capacity. In a word, capacity. What kinds of skills, knowledge and abilities do you have in your company, assets that can be used newly and differently? What kind of job needs to be one by someone who has the budget and has no go-to supplieryet? Lets look at those six Small Things, just as first examples, through the lens of capacity and revenue potential.

That push is indicative of the fastest-growing digital ad line for many news publishers. Hearst Media Services and its Local Edge push, Tribune 365, Gannett Local, Advance Digital, and McClatchy are among the many companies plying this territory. John Denny, VP of marketing for Advance Digital, recently spoke in Boston to the Kelsey Interactive Local Marketing East Conference. He outlined well the value of the marketing services push: [There's a] growing importance of services in the world of marketing priorities for businesses. That money is now shifting from what has always been viewed as advertising (whether traditional or digital media) to a whole host of growing priorities including search engine optimization, social media optimization, blogs, and content marketing. Every merchant faces the same kind of blur of too many choices digital marketing choices and some will take a newspapers help in sorting them out. Talk to marketing services execs and theyll tell you that today marketing services revenues money paid by local merchants to publishers who help them with their advertising, in addition to any ads those merchants buy on publisher websites or in the paper amounts to at least 10 percent of overall digital ad revenues. Some are pushing that number towards a quarter or a third of the total; several say they expect marketing services to account for half of all digital ad-related revenue within three years. Capacity use: Makes great use of newspaper brand equity capacity. While many companies employ a separate (from their own ad selling) salesforce, some company infrastruture can also be used. Revenue contribution: 1-3 percent of total revenue in 2012; could reach 10-15 percent by 2015.

In-sourcing printing and distribution

Marketing services
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From recent quarterly reports, figure that the Morning News is now getting close to using the full capacity of its printing and distribution resources.

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You wont find a Morning News thrower with a single paper; they toss USA Today, The Wall Street Journal, The New York Times, and a couple other titles. Capacity use: Rather than outsourcing, more common among daily papers, the insourcing is making almost full use of the Old World asset. Revenue contribution: Figure about five percent of Morning News revenues, with fair margins, are derived from insourcing. itself largely a B2B business, a new wire for a new time. Its stories reach hundreds of thousands of print, online, and broadcast news consumers. Capacity use: Thats the once (and future) beauty of the wire business. Produce once, customize a little, and distribute many times over. Revenue contribution: California Watch stories are still underpriced, contributing less than 10 percent of the organizations revenue. With scale and a greater track record, it may be able to wring closer to 20 percent of its revenue from syndication in three years.

Custom publishing

Journalism companies know how to create readable content, though we often take that for granted. In London, the Press Association, the APs cousin, is building a substantial business in bespoke or as Yanks would say, custom publishing. News agencies, of course, are native B2B industries. They are used to selling the same content stream the wire to many comers, a good business for a long time, but now threatened as their newspaper customer budgets decline. So Tony Watson, PAs managing director, has now extended that B2B publishing customer relationship. Working with top portal customers, providing them unique content they can monetize, hes grown that business more than 50 percent year over year. Its still small, but growing rapidly, as newspaper revenue contributions to his budget decline markedly in the UK recession. Watson isnt alone, but custom content marketing whether performed by an auxiliary staff or the core one is nascent in much of the news industry. Capacity use: For Watson, thats what its about: using PAs significant product development capability though the agency is careful to avoid conflicts of interest. Revenue contribution: Low single digits at this point, but could make up 10 percent within three to four years. In addition, its a cousin to commercial content creation, noted under marketing services. Newspapers have long sponsored bridal fairs and the like. What we see in Texas Tribunes new event model is connecting public service journalism with worthy civic events that make money. CEO Evan Smith told me that he expects $900,000 in revenue from events sponsorships this year, plus attendee income. I hear a lot of ferment among publishers wanting to borrow the model. Capacity use: While the events staff is focused on that work, the piggybacking on the Tribunes excellent journalism doubles its value. Revenue contribution: Maybe about 20 percent now a big number for a start-up finding its model and could grow to around 33 percent, while supporting other revenue lines like site sponsorship and membership. California Watch, now newly expanded with the CIR/Bay Citizen merger, has smartly considered

Ebooks

Events

Last week, I wrote about the coming explosion of ebook publishing by news and magazine publishers; in the past week, Ive heard from many more publishers whose ebook plans I hadnt known about. Getting into the ebooks business or mining the archive is becoming mainstream. Ellers dpa is one of those stepping up its business, out of its News Lab. It will soon produce ebooks on both wacky subjects and the historically significant, like the 1972 Munich Olympics killings of Israeli athletes. Capacity use: Excellent. Content is already paid for, edited, and largely ready to go. Revenue contribution: Tiny in 2012; at least five percent by 2015, if publishers execute well. A couple of Wild Things that could become Small Things: Journalism company journalism schools: College education is going digital and virtual anyhow, so why cant journalists (and marketers) get into the business. The Guardian is tiptoeing into it, and you can imagine what a diploma from The New York Times or Wall Street Journal might be worth. Journal Register is already retraining its own staff at its Digital Ninja schools; why not go bigger? Professional services: Several publishers have told me how they idolize the Financial Times for its pricing schemes, product initiatives, and intensive use of analytics. As the FT goes forward, and at least some other publishers get proficient at newer parts of the business, professional services or, to use the old-fashioned world will make sense for some. Overall, its much better to move into the future with a half-dozen revenue streams even if some are now just trickles to stick with only two bigbut-slowing ones. It should be more lucrative than selling the same old things. And maybe more fun, too. As a news agency guy, says Meinolf Ellers, Im used to being disrupted. Now I can be the disruptor [with ebooks] to the book industry.

Syndication

Ken Doctor is a news industry analyst and the author of Newsonomics: Twelve New Trends That Will Shape the News You Get (St. Martins Press). He also runs the books companion website, newsonomics.com. He is an analyst for the research firm Outsell and a regular consultant and speaker.

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]{X-{]-h-I ltcmUv amXyp Chmkv Fhn-sS-bm-sWv Ip-]nSn-mw. ]{X-{]-h-\-n ltcm Uv Chmkv ssIh taJ-e-I GsXv ]cn-tim-[n-mw. \yqtbmnse temwKv sFe Un IS-en\v A`n-ap-J-ambn ltcm Uv Chmkns `h-\w. tImh-WnSn Ib-dn-sp hnim-e-amb apdnbpsS CS-Xp-Np-a-cn Hcp mv Bv sshv Nn{Xw Xqn-bn-cn-p-p. s] bnnwKv Fv tXmn-p Xc-nep FemPv sNbvX Hcp ]gb t^mtm-{Km-^v. e-\nse ksU ssSwkv ]{X-n apstm \S Hcp tIm^-dkns ]S-am-W-Xv. AXn "FUn-' Fsgp-Xnb s\bnw t_mUn\v ]nn-en-cn-pp. bphmhmb ltcmUv Chmkv. ""Fs ] {X-{]-h\ Ime-ns kpJ-Zpx-J-sfmw kt-fn Hcp {]Xo-Im- I Nn{X-am-W-Xv. AXn t\mn-bn-cnp-tm bphXzw aS-n-h-cp-Xp t]mse tXmpw.'' am- Cuh\nwKv \yqkv ]{X-ns emssj dntm, KmUn-b ]{X-ns hntZ-i-ImcyteJ-I, ZnW]qthjy, bqtdm-v, Ata-cn XpS-nb

Pqsse 2012

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o Hcp {Smh amkn-Ibpw XpSn. ]pkvXI {]km-[-\-cw-Ks {] i-kvX-amb dmUw lukv Cu Ahk-c-n ltcmUv Chmkn t\m-an-p. {K-cN-\-bnepw hmb\m coXn-bnepw ]pXp-`m-hpI ]cn-Wm-a kw`-hn-p-p. amdp A`n-cpNn hnti-j--fp-ambn s]mcp--s-Sm ]p Hcp {Intb-ohv FUn- {]kno-I-cW m]-\-ns Xe--pm-Im GXv DS-abpw B{K-lnpw. dmUw lukv t{SUv {Kqns DS-a ltcmUv Chmkns\ {]kno-I-cW m]-\-ns apgp-h Npa-X-e-I-tfmSpw IqSn {]kn-Umbn \nb-an-p. 1990 apX Ggp-sIm--m ew Chmkv AhnsS kvXpXyl-am bn {]hn-p. bp.-Fkv \yqkv Bv thUv dntmn FUn-tm-dn-b Ub-d-IvS BIm\pw \yqtbmv Ubnen \yqkv \ho-I-cn-m\pw Ahkcw e`n--tm dmUw hnp. AvemnIv amkn-I-bpsS FUn- m\v aqp-hjw {]hn-tijw Ign ]{p hj-ambn kPoh ]{X-{]-h-\-n \nv amdn \np-I-bmWv Chmkv. Hm -p-dn-p-I Fgp-Xp-p. ]pkvXI cN-\-bn IqSp-X kPo-h-am-Ip-I bpw sNbvXp. ""ssa t] sNbvkv'' F Chmkns B-IYm]camb IrXn Cwnepw Ata-cn-bnepw hmb-\-mn-S-bn Gsd N sN-s-Sp-p-v. ksU ssSwkn tPmen sNp-tm Huj [P\y tcmK-s-Xnsc ltcm Uv Chmkv \S-nb t]mcmw hfsc {]kn--am-Wv. K`m-cw-`-n kv{XoIp tXmp Hmm-\hpw Onbpw amm Hcp Ata-cn- Huj[\n Hcp KpfnI \nn-p. Huj-[-ns am\p-jnI ]co-Ww Cw-n-emWv I\n ]qn-bm-nb-Xv. Xmen-tUm-ssaUv F B Kpfn I hngp-nb Cwojv K`n-Wn-Iv On--W-sa tXm t]mepw Dm-bn. ]t amk-p tijw Ah {]k-hn inip-v ssIIm-ep-I Cm-bn-cp-p. "XmentUm-ssaUv inip-' FmWv tUmIvSam Ahsc hnfn--Xv. ] ecpw GXm\pw hj- Pohn-p. AwK-lo-\-cmbn BPo-h-\mw Ignbm hn[n--s \qdp-I-W-n\v t] Cwns ]e `mKpw Dmbn. "t^mtIm-ao-enb' Fv sshZyimkv{Xw hnfn-p Cu Huj-[-P\y tcmK-ns sISpXn t\cn-Sphscn temIs BZyw Adn-bn-Xv ltcmUv Chmkv F ]{X-{]h-I-\m-Wv. \nc-h[n dntmpw teJ-\-fpw ssSwkn Chmkv {]kn-o-I-cn-p. t^mtIm-ao-enb _m[nv IjvS-s-Sp--hv \jvS-]cn-lmcw \Im ]p-hjw \o \nb-a-bpw \S-p. bqtdm-nse a\pjym-h-ImitmSXn CS-s]-p. Huj[---\n-bpsS Ah-Im-i-hm-Z- Xn tIkns hnNm-c-W-th-f-bn-ep ssZ\w-Zn\ kw`-h- dntmv sNm am[y-a-v Ah-Im-i-aps ]pXnb \nba \nm-W-n\v Cwv \n_-n-X-am-bXv ltcm Uv Chmkv Cfn hn "XmentUm ssaUv Nn{U' hnhm-Z-n-eq-sSbm-Wv. tPW-en-ks BIvSn-hn-k-ntev \bn-pp Fv ip ]{X-{]h-I ltcmUv Chmkns\ hnain-p. Atlw B hnai\w Imcy-am-n-bn-. kmaq-lnI Pnhn-X-cwKv am-ap-m-p ZuXyw ]{Xm-c-t-X-; cmjv{So-b-m-cs ]Wnbm-WXv Fv hnai-I hmZn-p. am[ya {]h-I hnhw Dmt-Xv Abm-fpsS am[y-a-ns \m\m-ap-J--fn-em-Wv. Fgp-p-Im-c `mj \ho-I-cn--Ww. FUn- ]{X -ns cq]-I\ ]pXp--Ww. \ ho-\m-i-b-sImv hmb-\-msc D_p--cm-p-Ibpw thWw. Cs\ t]mbn Chmkns hnai-I-cpsS \ne-]m-Sv. AsXmw icn XsbmsWv ]d-p-sImv a\p-jy-Po-hn -X-ns ta Dbm ]{X-{]h-Iv Ign-b-W-sav Chmkv hmZn-p. `mjbpw ]Z-fpw Z-tKm]p-c--fn \nv Cd-n-h-cp-X-. a\p-jy-Po-hn-X-hym-]mcfn \nm Wv hmpw {]tbm-Khpw P\n-p-Xv. Pohn-X-ns ]cn-h-\-sm w Iem-k--hn-Nm-c-fpw amdp -sav ssa t] sNbvkv F B-I-Y-bn ltcmUv Chmkv hnai-Iv adp-]Sn \Ip-p. P\m -[n-]Xy kaq-l-n At\z-j-Wm- I ]{X-{]-h-\-ns Ahpw hym]vXnbpw {]k-nbpw t]mcm--fn-eqsS m]n-s-Sp-m Chmkv Fpw apn-epm-bn-cp-p. te_ ]mn-bpsS a{n-bm-bncp dnmUv t{Imkvam Fgp-Xnb Ub-dn-bn \nv tNmnb hnh-c D-cnv Inw ^n_n Hcp tkmhn-bv Nmc-\m-bn-cpp F shfn-s-Sp- Chmkns\ hyhlm-c-p-cp-n AI-s-Sp-n. HutZym-KnI clky \nb-a-{]-Imcw Chmkns dntmn-s\-Xnsc tIkv D-hn-p. tImSXn hcm-bpw Ae-nepw Hcp-]mSv kabw \jvSs-Sp-n-sb-nepw in A\p-`-hntn hn-. am--dnse \yq lon 1928 Pq 28-mw XobXn P\n ltcm Uv amXyp Chmkv 16-mw hb-kn {]mtZ-inI hm-I FgpXn Iun ]{X-sf klm-bn-p-sImmWv am[ya hrn-bn {]th-in-Xv. \n_-nX ssk\nI tkh\w Ignv cmjv{Saoamw-k-bn _ncp-Zsa-Sp-p. hntZi \b-s--n-bp Kth-jW {]_-s hne-bn-cpn Updm kh-I-em-ime Chmkn\v am _ncpZw \In. am- Cuh-\nwKv \yqkv F ]{X-ns Akn-v FUn- F \ne-bn ]{X-{]-h\w sXmgn-embn kzoIcn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. 54-mw hb-kn dq]v atUm-p-ambn ]nW-n-n-cnbp-tm PohnXw \nm-b-I-amb Hcp hgn-n-cn-hn-em-b-Xp-t]m-seChmkn\p tXmn. Ata-cn--bntev ISv ]pXnb km[y-X-I-fpsS tanpdw Is-n-b-tXmsS B ]nW-hpw ssSwkn \np hnXpw A\p-{K-l-am-bn. Ata-cn- ]ucXzw kzoI-cnp, Xt-m 25 hbv Cf-ap So\m {_u F ]{X-{]h-Isb ]p\hn-hmlw sNbvXp. cp Ipn-I-fpsS ]nXm-hm-bn. ]{X-{]h\ cwKs hne-s kw`mh-\-I am\nv Chmkn\v {_n k _lp-aXn \In. ksU ssSwkv apX \yqtbm v ssSwkv hsc-bp t]cp-tI ] {X- {]Nm-c-n CSn-bp-tmgpw A-Sn-am-[y-a-ns `mhn-bn ip`{]-Xo An-p ltcmUv Chmkv, Ime-ns `nn-bn hnizm-kyX F A\-iz-c-amb ]Z s tcJ-s-Spn hbvm asmcp am[y-a-n\pw Ign-bn-sv ZrV-ambn hniz-kn-p-p. ae-bmf at\m-c-abnse tXmakv tP-n-s\-tm-se. Ccp-hpw \Xp hcs! teJI hoWw ]{Xnse s]mfnn FUndmWv. teJIs Csabv: sujaathan@gmail.com
Pqsse 2012

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Pqsse 2012

(39)

\yq thhvkv

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]cn-jv--cn--s-Sp- bm-YmYyw
Cv temIv Gsd hmI {]XysSpXpw ]e Ne\fpw krnpXpw \yqaoUob Fpw tkmjy aoUnb Fpsams AdnbsSp sskpIfnse P\fpsS t\cnp CSs]SepIfneqsSbmWv. Cu cwKs ]pXnb kw`hhnImksf ]cnNbsSppIbmWv Cu ]wnbneqsS
Zr-iy-w s{^-bn-an-em-hp-I-bpw, F-Sp t^mtm s\m-Sn-bn-S-bn Kq-Kn -knse k-n-fp-I-fn sj-b sN--sSp-Ibpw sN-pp. sI-n-S-n-s ]-Sn-I Ib-dn ap-I-fn-se-p-tm-gm-Wv sP-ko--sbsm-cp kp-lr-v kw-km-cn-m\m-{Kln-pp F A-dn-bn-v ap-n-sep-Xv. A-\p-hm-Zw sIm-Sp--bpS, P-ko--bp-sS ap-Jw Zr-n-]-Y-n-s Xm-sg-`m-K-m-bn sNdn-sbm-cp N-Xp-cn {]-Xy--s-Sp-Ibpw kw-km-cw Xp-S-p-Ibpw sN-pp... P-kosb B-m-Zn-n-m \m-b-I H-cp hm-tZym-]-I-cWw- ao-n-p-S-p-tm hoUntbm A-h-km-\n-pp. ...`m-hn-bnse H-cp Zn\w C--s\-bmWv A-h-X-cn-n--s-Sp--Xv. `uXnI-tem-I-n-\v ta shNz-dn-bm-en-n- ]-Xn-n-p-sh-p- Cu ]p-Xn-b- tem-Iw F--s\-bm-Wv kr-n--s-Sp--sX-v hoUn-tbm-bnen. F-m, Kq-Kn-fns A-dn-bn-n I-S-t]m-se X-e-bn [-cn-m-hp- H-cp-]-I-c-W-n-s hnhn-[ Zr-iy- \-In-bn-pv. ]pXn-sbm-cn-\w I-S-bm-Wv Kq-Kn D-t-in-p--sX-v C-Xn-\n-v kq-N-\ e-`n-pp. "t{]m-P-v mkv' F- t]-cv bm-Zr-nI-a-s-v kmcw. sh-Nz dn-bm-en-n AY-hm {]-XoXn-bm-Ym-Yy-n-s tem-I-am-bn-cp-p C-Xph-sc \-ap-v ]-cn-Nn-Xw. I-yq-- kv-{Io-\p-I-fn-eq-sSbpw sS-en-hn-j\n-eqsS-bpw sam-ss_-kv-{Io-\n-eq-sSbpsam-s sh-Nz tem-I-t-v \- {]-th-in-pp. B A]-c-temI-hp-am-bn C-S-]-g-Im k-lm-bn-p k-t-X-sf C-t^-kv AY-hm k---ap-Jw F-v \- t]-cn-phn-fn-p. Un-Pn-temI-v \-ap-v ]-cn-NnXamb B bm-YmYyw ]-cn-h-\w sN--s-Sm t]m-Ip-p F-- {]-Jym]-\-am-bn-cp-p "Kq-Kn m-kv' F- ]--Xn-sb-p-dn-p- A-dn-bn-v. CPqsse 2012

-gn- G-{]n \m-en-\v t]m-kv-v sN--s B hoUntbm C-sX-gp-Xp- k-a-bw-hsc 1.6 tIm-Sn-bn-te-sd- X-h-W bp-Syq-_n t sN-bv-Xp-I-gn-p. "t{]mP-v mkv' Fv t]-cn- Kq-Kn-fns ]p-Xn-b ]--Xn-sb-p-dn-p- A-dn-bn-n-s `m-K-am-bn-cp-p B hoUn-tbm. Kq-Kn-fn-s c-l-ky-em_m-b' Kq-Kn F-Iv-kn-'em-Wv B ]-Xn Np-cp-fgn-bpsXpw A-dn-bn-n-ep-m-bncpp. "t{]mP-v m-kv: h tU...' F- X-e-hm-N-I-tm-sS Kq-Kn A-h-Xcn-n hoUn-tbm-bp-sS c--c an-\n-v \o-fp D--S-w Xm-c-X-tay\ e-fnX-amWv. k-ao-]-`m-hn-bn H-cm-fp-sS Znh-kw F--s\-bmImw F--v Imn--cp A-Xnse \m-b-I hoUntbm-bn t\-cnv {]-Xy--s-Spn. ]-Icw, A-bm Im-Wp tem-I-am-Wv hoUn-tbm-bn-ep--Xv. hoUntbm Xp-S-pp... cm-hnse I-n-en-\n-v aq-cn-\n-h-s-gp-tp- \m-bI\v ap-n, kv-amvt^m-Wn-se B-n-t-j-\p-I t]m-se A--co--n sX-fn-bp- sF--Wp-I. A-h kp-Xm-cy-am-Wv, ap-n-ep- H-n-s\bpw a-d-bv-p-n. A-[n-Iw ssh-Im-sX A-h Zr-n-]-Yn-\n-v am-bpp. P-n-\n-v Im-n ]-I-v Ip-Sn-m Xp-S-p-tm-tg-pw, tm-ns sF-Wpw AXn-t\mSv tN-v "see Jess Tonight' F- Hm-a-s-Sp-epw {]-Xy--s-Spp. Im-n-Ip-Sn I-gn-v P-\m-e-bn-eq-sS ]p-d-v \-K-c-n-te-v t\m-ptm, Im-em-h-m- hnh-cw ap-n

{]-Xy--s-Spp ]p-dv Xm-]\ne 58 Un-{Kn, kq-cy-{]-Im-i-ap Zn\w, a-gbv-v km-[y-X ]-p-i-X-am-\w. {]m-X- I-gnp-sIm-n-cn-ptm "Wanna meet up today?' F- A-t\z-j-W-hp-ambn H-cp kp-lrn-s apJw sF--Wm-bn Zr-n-]Y-n-s H-cp tIm-Wn {]-Xy-s-Spp. "icn, kv-{Sm-Uv _p-Iv-kn-\v ap-n c-p-a-Wn-v Im-Wmw' F-v -\m-b-I ]-d-bpp. A-Xv a-dp-]-Sn-bmbn A-b-bv--s-p F- A-dn-bnv s\m-Sn-bn-S-bn ap-n sX-fn-pa-mp. _mKpw Xm-tm-ep-sa-Sp-v ]pdv tdm-Un-se-n k-_v-th-bn-te-v Xn-cn--tm A-dn-bn-v ap-n sX-fn-bpp: "Subway service Suspended'. ]I-cw \-S-t- hgn H-cp am-n-s cq-]-n Zr-n-]-Y-nse-pp. H-cp _p-v-tjm-n-te-v I-S-p-tm "Strand Books' Fv ap-n-sen. ayq-kn-Iv hn-`m-Kw F-hnsS-bm-sW-v \-m-b-I tNm-Zn-ptm A-Xv hy--am-p- I-S-bp-sS am-v {]-Xy--s-Spp. ]p-kv-X-I- ]-c-Xp--Xn-\n-sS t]m F kp-lr-ns sF- Nn-{X-tm-sSmw. A-bm kv-{Sm-Uv _p-Iv-kn \n-v 402 A-Sn A-I-sebpv F- A-dn-bn-v Fn. \m-bI ]p-d-n-d-n kp-lr-p-am-bn Iq-Sn-mgv-N \-S-p-p. kp-lrv ]n-cn- ti-jw \-Sw Xp-S-cp-tm, tdm-U-cn-In IH-cp Zriyw \-sm-cp t^m-tm-bv-p- hn-j-b-am-Wtm F-v \m-bI-\v tXmpp. C-Xns t^m-tm-sb-Spmw F-v ]-d-bp-tm ap-n-ep-

(40)

"t{]mP-v mkv'

s\pw I-yq--dp-w kv-amv-t^m-Wp-w sS-en-hn-j\p-sam-s ap-tm-p-sh-bvp- km-[y-X-I-f-{X-bpw `uXnItemI-t-v {]-Xn-jvTn-pw-hn-[w ] pXn-sbm-cp bm-Ym-Yyw `m-hn-sb Dpt\m-p-I-bmWv. "Hm-s-Uv dn-bmenn' (Augmented reality) F-mW-Xn-s t]cv. {]-Xo-Xn-bm-Ym-Yy-n-s Im-cyn \n--fp-sS tem-Iw \n--fp-tSXpw, I-yq--dn-se Un-Pntem-Iw A-Xn-t-bp-am-Wv. `u-Xn-I-tem-I-n \pw Un-Pn-tem-I-n\pw Ir-Xyamb A-Xn-hcpv. k---ap-J-n-eqsS B A-Xn-n t`-Zn-m \-ap-v km-[n-pp F-p-am-{Xw. Hm-s-Uv dn-bm-en-n-bp-sS Im-cyn C-Xv hy-Xy-kv-X-am-Wv. C-hn-sS `uXnI-tem-I-n-sbpw Un-Pntem-I-n-sbpw A-Xn-n I-p -]n-Snp-I _p-n-ap-m-Wv. `uXnI-temI-n-s A-Xn-n-p-n-tev Un-Pn-tem-Iw I-Sp-I-b-dp-p-shtm, Un-Pn-tem-I-n-\p-n-te-v `uXnI-temI-s {]-Xn-jvTn-p-pshtm ]-d-bm-hp A-h-. bm-Ym-Yys ]-cn-jv--cn-p-Ibm-Wv Hm-s-Uv dn-bm-en-n sN-pXv. I-yq--dn-\v apntem kv-amvt^mWntem am{Xw C-{X-Im-ehpw km-[y-am-bncp Im-cy--f-{X-bpw, A-s-n A-Xn Iq-Sp-Xepw, A-h -bnm-sX i--\n-tZ-i--sIm-tm, Aw-K-hn-t-]-sIm-tm, t\-{XN-e-\--sIm-tm, H-cp-]-t shdpw a-t\m-hym-]m-c--sImtm km-[y-am-Ip- Ah. G-Xm-bmepw H-p- hyw. bm-Ym-Yy-hp-am-bn Iq-Sp-X A-Sp-p\n-p- H-mWv Hm-s-Uv dn-bm-enn. A-Xn-\m \-ap--Xns\
Pqsse 2012

"k-ao-]-bm-Ym-Yyw' F-v hn-fn-mw. "{]-Xo-Xn-bm-Ym-Yy-'n \n-v tem-Iw "k-ao-]-bm-Ym-Yy'n-te-v Np-h-Sp-shp-sIm-n-cn-p-I-bmsW-v kmcw.

B-t{Um-bn-Uv mv-t^m-an I-S

c--c am-kw ap-v C-]vk Epson) I-\n C-dn-b I--S-bpsS {]-tXy-I, I--S F-n\m-tWm D-]-tbm-Kn-m-dv A-Xn-\p--X B D-]-Ic-Ww F--Xm-bn-cp-p. I-n-s\ kw-c-nmt\m Im-gv-Ni-n h[n-nmt\m D-X "aq-hn-dntbm _n-Sn100' (Movierio BT-100) F- I-S. Kq-Kn-fn-s sam-ss_ mvt^mam-b B-t{Um-bn-Un {]-hn-p- H-cp a-n-aoUn-b I--Sbm-W-Xv. A-Xp-]-tbm-Kn-v hoUntbm Im-Wmw, {Xo-Un Zr-iy- B-kzZn-mw, th-W-sa-n sh-v {_uknMpw \-S-mw! C-{X-Im-ehpw \- hoUntbm I-n-cpXv sS-en-hn-j kv-{Io\n tem I-yq-dntem sam-ss_entem H-s-bm-Wv. G-Xmv 700 tUm-f hn-e-bv-v A-ta-cn- hn-]-Wnbn e-`y-am-b aqhn-tdmtbm I--S [-cnm, A-cw s]mm-sm-panmsX hoUntbm B-kz-Zn-mw. Cu I-S-bnse "]ntIm s{]mP dp-I' AYhm samss_ s{]mP dpI, 16 ASn AIen 80 Cv hennep- sh-Nz UnkvtbmWv In\v apn krnp-I. kp-Xm-cyamb B Un-kv-s ap-n-ep a-p Im-gv-I-sf a-d-bv-p-n. sshss^ IWnhnnbpapv Cu a-n-aoUnb ISbn. hoUntbm C-Xn ti-J-cn-v kq-n-m\pw X-S-

-an. BdpaWnq D]tbmKnm Ignbp domPv sNmhp _mdnbp-apv. Cb_UpI tUm_n ikwhn-[m-\w Iq-Sn H-cp-p--tXmsS, Zr-iym-\p-`-h-n-s B-kzm-Zy-X ]-Xn-S-v h-[n-p-p. ]-p-h-jw-ap-v B-n A-hX-cn-n- sF-t]m-Uv F ayq-kn-Iv s-b Fs\bmtWm kw-Ko-Xmkzm-Z-\-n-s in-tcm-en-Jn-Xw am-nsb-gp-Xn-bXv, A-Xn-\v k-am-\am-b coXn-bn hoUntbm B-kzm-Z-\-n-s N-cn{Xw Xn-cp-n-sb-gp-Xm C-cw D-]-I-c-W--v I-gn-t-pw. "k-ao-]-bm-Ym-Yy'n-s km-[yX-bmWv Cu a-n-aoUn-b I--S-bn D-]-tbm-Kn-n-cn-p-Xv. A-Xv km-[yam-m sam-ss_ mv-t^mam-b B-t{Um-bn-Uv Xp-W-bv-s-p-p F-p-am-{Xw. Ccw km-[y-I-fp-]-tbm-Kn-p- B-Zy a-n-aoUn-b I--S-b C-]v-k I--\nbptSXv. C-Xn-\v k-am-\-amb (B-t{Um-bn-Uv D-]-tbm-Kn-pn F-nepw) A-c-U-k-\n-te-sd D] I-c-W-- C-tm hn-]-Wn-bn e-`y-am-Wv. {Xn-am-\-Zr-iy--fp-sS amkva-c-tem-I-w I-apn-sem-cp-m k-lm-bn-p "tkm-Wn F-v-Fw-CkUv Sn1' (Sony HMZ T1), ssl-sU^n-\n-j hoUntbm B-kz-Zn-m A-hk-c-sam-cp-p- "kn-en- ssat{Im Un-kv-s F-kv-Sn 1080' (Silicon Micro Display ST 1080), sKbnw Ifn-m- D-]-tbm-Kn-m-hp- "hp-knIv-kv kv-m 1200' (Vuzix Star 1200) Xp-S-n-b-h D-Zm-l-cWw. C-cw D-]-I-c-W--smw A-h-bp-tSXm-b ]-cn-an-Xn-I-fpv. Nne-Xv hoUntbm ImWm am-{X-ta D-]-tbm-Kn-m km-[nq, a-v Nne-Xv

(41)
sKbnw I-fn-m am{XapXmWv... am-{Xa, C-Xv [-cn-v \-S-m km[n-n. F-hn-sS-sb-nepw C-cp-p am-{X-ta "k-ao-]-bm-Ym-Yy'n-s tem-I-t-v {]-th-in-m-\mIq. C-cw ]cnanXnIsfmw H-gn-hmn, a-\p-jy-Po-hnX-s k-ao-]-bm-Ym-Yyn-te-v ]-dn-p-\-Sm-\m-Wv Kq-Kn A-Xn-s t{]mP-v m-kv ]-Xn h-gn {i-an-p-Xv. hn-Z-Kv-[\pw C-s\-n-s B-hn-`mh-n ]-p-h-ln--bm-fpam-b C-hm kp-X-e-Uv B-bn-cp-p B ap-t-n-\v ]n-n. Cu cwKv 1975 a-sm-cp h-gnn-cn-hp-mbn. sh-Nz h-kv-Xp-fp-am-bn C-S-]-g-Im bq-k-am--v B-Zy-am-bn km-[n-p. sh-Nz temI-n-\v "B-n-^n-jy dn-bm-enn' Fv t]-cn-p-hn-fn- a-n-tcm {Iq-sK cq-]-s-Spn-b 'Videoplace' B-Wv A-Xn-\-hk-cw kr-n--Xv. F-m, k-ao-]-bm-Ym-Yy-n\v "Hm-s-Uv dn-bm-en-n' t]-cv e-`n-pXv 1990emWv. t_m-bn-Mv I-\n AXn-s Po-h-\-m-v hn-am-\-n-se tI-_n-fp-I L-Sn-n-m- sh-Nz kw-hn-[m-\-ap-m-p- th-f-bn tXma-kv {]n- tIm-U-emWv Hm-s-Uv dn-bm-en-n F- t]-cv B-Zy-am-bn D-]-tbm-Kn-Xv. sh-Nz dn-bm-en-n F- {]-tbm-Kw kr-n-s--Xn-s ]n-t-hjw Hm-s-Uv dn-bm-en-n F- t]cpw cw-K-s-nsb-v C-Xn-\n-v a-\n-kn-em-mw. F-m, B ]pXn-b bm-Ym-Yy-nte-v tem-Iw Np-h-Sp-sh-bv-m Xp-SpXv C-tm-gm-sWv am-{Xw. I-cp-tdnb kv-amv-t^m-Wp-Ifpw Im-cy--a-X-IqSn-b t{]m-P--dp-Ifpw an-I-hp hoUn-tbm-{Km-^n-Iv k-tX-fpw X-S--anm h-b-se-v I-W-n-hn-nbpw Pn-]nF-kv k-t-Xfpw am-n-Mv k-ho-kp-Ifp-sam-s ]pXn-b bm-Ym-Yy-n-te-v {]-th-inm \-sf k-lm-bn-p-p. j--fpv. AXn-sem-m-bn-cpp Im\Ubn "bqWnthgv-knn Hm^v- ImKcn ^mn Hm^vsaUnkn'\v- Iognep "k sk Hm^v- FIv-kekv- t^m hnjz Pnt\manIv-kn'se K-th-j-I cq-]-sSp-n-b a-\p-jy-i-co-c-ns Zr-iykw-hn-[m-\w. 2007 Pq-Wn C-Xp-kw_-n- hm--I am-[y-a--fn hp. tcmKnbpsS icocntevDufnbnv- tcmK_m[nX`mK ASpp ]cntim-[n-m-\pw, "{Sb' sNbv-Xp t\mnb tijw ikv-{X {Inb ]nghp IqSmsX \S-m\pw tUm--am-v A-hk-c-sam-cp-p- X-c-n, a-\p-jy-i-co-c-ns N-Xpam-\ (4Un) Zr-iy-kw-hn-[m-\-am-Wv {Intm-^v sk-k-dn-s t\-Xr-Xz-nep- K-th-j-I-kw-Lw kr-n--Xv. i-co-c-`m-K--fp-sS B-bn-c--W-n-\v hn-i-Zmw-i- k-n-th-in-n-mWv, "Kplma\pjy' (CAVEman) Fp t]cn B NXpam\Nn-{X-n-\v cq-]w\-In-bXv. Hcp _qn {XnUn ISbp]tbmKnv- "Kplma\pjys\' \nconmw. Hmtcm icoc`mKhpw bYm s]mnepw \ofnepw hoXnbnepw apn sXfnp ImWpw. amKv\nIv- sdkWkv- CtaPp I, knFSn kv-Im\pI, FIv-kvtdI XpS-n hnhn[ tcmK\n-Wb D]m[nI hgn e`np tcmKnbpsS Bcicoc`mKns hyXykv-X Zriy Zriy]mfnIfmn knthinnv-, icocn\pnse Imgv-NIfpsS {]XoXnbmYmyw krnpIbmWv- "Kplma\pjy\n' sN-bv-XXv-. BcmhbhfpsS Db dkeyqj\nep Zriy icocns ka{KXbn A\mbmkw tUmamcpsS Iapnsenm Cu amw klmbnp-p. tcmK\nWbnepw NnInbnepw ikv-{X{Inbbnepw hnhw kr-n-p-sa-v {]-Xo-n-s- ]--Xn-bm-Wn-Xv. `u-Xn-I-tem-I-n-sbpw Un-Pn-tem-I-n-sbpw A-Xn-cp-I am-bv-m ]pXn-b Im-e-n-\v I-gnbp-sa--Xn-s hy-am-b kq-N-\-bmbn-cpp "Kp-lm-a-\p-jy'. F-m, B A-Xn-n-ew-L-\w G-X-w-h-scbmImw F-v tem-I-n-\v Im-n-Xv Kp-P-dm-v kz-tZ-inbpw A-ta-cn-bn a-km-Nyq-sk-v-kv C-kv-n-yqv Hm-^v sSIv-t\m-f-Pn (Fw.sF.Sn)bn-se bphK-th-j-I-\pam-b {]W-hv an-kv-{Snbm-Wv. 2009 Imen-t^m-Wn-b-bn-se tam-s-dn-bn \S TED (Technology, Entertainment and Design) tIm-^-d-kn Xm cq-]w-\Pqsse 2012

Xn-cnp-t\m-p-tm
"sh-Nz dn-bm-enn' Fv I-yq-\n-an-X-tem-Iw Adn-b-s-Sm Xp-Sn-bn-v A-[n-I-am-bn-n. A-ta-cn- I-yq- B-n-v an-tcm {Iq-sK 1970I-fn "B-n-^n-jy dn-bm-enn' (artificial reality) F-v t]-cn-p-hnfn- "Ir-{Xn-a bm-Ym-Yy'n-\v ]pXnb t]-cv ho-W-Xv 1980I-fp-sS A-h-km\-amWv. "sh-Nz I-yq-Wn' F- {]-tbmK-s A-Sn-m-\-am-n bp. F-kv.I-yq- k-bn-m-b Pm-tdm em-\n-b-dm-Wv 1989 "sh-Nz dn-bmenn' F- {]-tbm-Kw \-S-p--Xv. 1990I-fn th-Uv ssh-Uv shv (www) ]pXn-b hn-m-\-hn-hw kr-n-m-\m-cw-`n--tXm-sS, tem-Iw i-cnpw sh-Nz dn-bm-en-n AY-hm {]-Xo-Xn-bm-Ym-Yy-n-s km-[y-X-Ifn-te-v {]-th-inp. {]-Xo-Xn-bm-Ym-Yy-n-s tem-Ip-\n-v tem-I-an-tm k-ao-]-bmYmYy(Hm-s-Uv dn-bm-en-n)n-s tem-I-t-v Np-h-Sp-sh-bv-p-p Fv \n-co-n-p-tm D-m-Im-hp H-cp sX-n-mc-W, ]pXnb k--am-Wv k-ao-]-bm-YmYyw F-XmWv. A-Xv i-cn-b. "Zn h--^p hn-kmUv Hm-kv' ap-Xem-b _m-e-kmln-Xy-Ir-Xn-I-fn-eq-sS {i-t-b\m-b A-ta-cn- F-gp-p-Im-c {^m-Iv _m-hpw 1901 X-s C-c-sam-cp k--w A-h-X-cn-n--Xmbn, C-Xpkw-_-n- hn-n-]oUn-b teJ-\w kq-Nn-n-p-p. sS-en-hnj, em]v-tSm-pI, h-b-se-v sSen-t^m Xp-S-n, As temI-v A-]-cn-Nn-X-am-bn-cp- H-t-sd kw-K-Xn-I-sf-p-dn-v k-- ap-tm-p-sh- B F-gp-pImc, b-Ym-Y Po-hn-X-n-\v ta Ce-t{m-Wn-Iv Un-kv-t h-gn- tU- kn-th-in-n-p- kw-hn-[m-\-sp-dn-p- B-i-b-hpw A-h-X-cn-n-pI-bp-mbn. X-e-bn [-cn-m-hp (headmounted) Un-kv-s h-gn sh-Nz tem-I-t-sm-cp hm-Xmb-\w Xp-dm-\p- hn-Zy 1966 cq]-s-Sp-m I-gn--Xm-Wv k-ao-]-bm-Ym-Yy-ns \m-h-gn-bn-se {i-t-bam-b H-cp ap-tw. A-ta-cn- I-yq-

"B-dm-an-{n-bw' Im-n- ApXw

"k-ao-]-bm-Ym-Yy'n-s bYm-Y km-[y-X-I F-{X-bm-sW-v tem-Iw A--c-tm-sSbpw B-Imw-tbm-sSbpw A-dn- Nn-e \n-an{]W-hv an-kv{Sn

(42)
In-b "k-ao-]-b-Ym-Yy'k-t-Xam-b "kn-Iv-kv-Xv skkv' ("B-dm-an-{n-bw') {]W-hv an-kv{Sn tem-I-n-\v ap-n A-h-X-cn-n-p. icocn [cnmhp, [cnp bmfpsS AwKhnt]sf ]np Sv- AXn\\pkcnv- {]hnp, IyqnMv- mv-t^mamWvknIv-kv-Xv-skkv-. Nppap kwKXnI UnPnhnhcfmbn XpSbmbn ]cnh\w sNbv-XpsImmWv- AXns {]h--\w. shdpsamcp @ Nnw hnc sImv- hmbphn hcbv-pI, AtXmsS bm{XsNp XohnbpsS hitm, Asn Ccnp apdnbpsS `nnbntem C-sabn ]cntim[nm Ignbp Imcyw Nnnpt\mq. hncsImvssIbn shdpsamcp hrw hcbv-pI hgn, AhnsS kabw t\mmhp hnNz hmv- sXfnbp Xv- F{X ApXIcambncnpw. NqphncepIfpw XhncepIfpw tNv- In\v- apn shdpsamcp NXpcs{^bnw Dmnbm aXn, apnep Zriyns UnPn t^mtm ]Imw Fv- hmtem. \nfpsS ^v-ssfv- sshIpXns ImcWw, ssIbnep t_mUnMv]mkn Xs sXfnphcp san-tem! C--cw km-[y-X-I-fm-Wv kn-Iv-kv-Xv sk-kv ap-tm-p-sh-bv-p--Xv. sNdpIymadbpw s{]mPdpw tN sNdnsbmcp D]IcWam-Wv- Cu k-t -X-n-ep-s-n-pXv. Igpn AWnbmhp AXn\v- Hcp knKcv]mns hentabpp. Iymad icnpsamcp UnPn t\{X-ambn {]hnpw. D]tbmKnpbm Im-Wp--sXmw Iymadbpw ImWpw. D]tbmKnpbmfpsS ssIIfnse s]cphncensbpw Nqp hncens bpw Ne\w Iymad kqv-ambn ]npScpw. Hcm Fpambn CS]gIpp Fpam{Xa, Fs\ CS]gIpp Fp a\knempIbmWv- knIv-kv-Xvskkv- sNpI. Hcp {]tXyI kmlNcyn, AXn\v- A\ptbmPy amb hnhc e`nm knIv-kv-Xvskknse tkm^v-Sv-th Cs\n ]cXpw. AtmgmWv- D]IcW nse s{]mP Imcy GsSppI. "\nv- apnse GXv- {]Xehpw CS]gIm ]mIn epXmn (interactive) amm Ign-bpw', C-sXn {]Whv- ankv-{Sn ]-d--Xn--s\-bm-Wv.

"kn-Iv-kv-Xv skkv'

kv-amv-t^m h-cp-p hn-hw

Pqsse 2012

{Km-^n-p-Ifpw i--fpw {]-XnI-c-W--fp-samw b-Ym-Y Np-p-]m-Snte-v X-abw -kn-th-in-n-mWv k-ao-]-bm-Ym-Yy-w kr-n--s-SpXv. H-cp kv-{Io-\n-s A-s-n {]-tXy-I N--q-Sp- k---ap-Jn-s B-hiyw C-Xn-en. Zr-iy-]-Yn X-s I-yq--kr-n-Ifm-b L-S-I- {]-Xy--s-Sp-p. kv-amv-t^m-Wp-I-fp-sS h-c-thmsS-bm-Wv "k-ao-]-bm-Ym-Yy-' k-t-X-fpsS B-hn-`m-h-n-\v B-th-Kw h-[n--Xv. sF-t^mWpw B-t{Umbn-Uv t^m-Wp-Ifpw cw-Kw ssI-b-S-nb-tXmsS, k-ao-]-bm-Ym-Yyw `m-hnbn kw-`-hn-m t]m-Ip- kwK-Xn F- \n-e amdn. A-Xv bm-Ym-Yyam-Im Xp-Sn. k-ao-]-bm-Ym-Yyn-s km-[y-X-I-fp-]-tbm-Kn-p- F{Xtbm B-n-t-j-\pI (apps) C-tm sam-ss_ mv-t^m-ap-Ifn e-`y-amWv. s\-X-e-Uv-kn sF-t^mWpw B-t{Um-bn-Uv t^mWpw D-]-tbm-Knp-h-v Uu-tem-Uv sN-m-hp H-cp B-n-t-j-\m-Wv "em-b' (Layar). t^m-Wn-se Iym-a-d-bp-w Pn-]nF-kv km-[y-X-Ifpw D-]-tbm-Knv Np-p-]m-Sp-ap hn-h-c- a-\kn-em-m-\pw, k-ao-]-{]-tZ-i-s sd-tm-d-p-I-sfbpw a-v m-]-\-sfbpw Ip-dn-v hn-h-c- t^m-Wn Im-Wn-m\pw em-b B-n-tj-\v km-[n-pw. H-cp sI-n-S-n-\v t\-sc t^m ]-n-Sn-m, B sI-n-S-n {]-hn-p- Hm-^o-kp-I-sf-p-dn-p- hn-h- em-b ap-n-se-n-pw. ^vfn- t]m-ep- k-ho-kp-I-fn \n-v t^m-tm-I I-s-m-\pw, hn-n-]o-Un-b-bn \n-v N-cn{Xw a-\-kn-em-n kv-{Io-\n-se-n-m\pw A-Xn-\v km-[n-pw. 2009 B-K-kv-Xn sF-t^m D-]-tbm-m- sb-]v (Yelp) B-n-t-j-\p-n Hcp "Cu-kv- ap-' a-d-n-cn-p-Xv I-v A-p-Xsp. sd-tm-d-p-Ifpw a-v _n-kn-\-kpI-sfbpw kw-_-n- bq-k dn-hyq-Ifp-sS t]-cn-em-Wv sb-]v A-dn-b-sn-cpXv. "sam-tWm-n' (Monocle) F- "k-ao-]-bm-YmYy' L-S-I-am-Wv

sb-]n- I--Xv. sb-]v B-n-tj Hm sNbv-X tijw sF-t^m {X-nPnFkv aq-p X-h-W Ip-ep-n-bm "tamtWm-n' {]-h--\--a-am-Ipw. t^m-Wn-se Pn-]n-Fkpw tImw-]kpw D-]-tbm-Kn-v k-ao-]-{]-tZi-s sdtm-d-p-I-fp-sS hn-h-c-fpw A-h-bp-sS td-n-Mp-Ifpw hn-e-bn-cp--ep-I-fpsamw kv-{Io-\n-se-n-m tam-tWm-n k-lm-bn-pw. do-s-bn hym-]mc-s "k-ao-]bm-YmYy' k-t-X- F-s\ kao-]-`m-hn-bn X-s A-Sn-ap-Sn am-m t]m-Ip-p F--Imcyw A-Sp--bn-sSbmWv tkm-jy-aoUnb ssk-mb "am-j-_n' dn-tm-v sN-bv-XXv. I-Sbn t]m-bn h-kv{Xw Xn-c-s-Sp-v i-co-c-n-\v ]m-IamtWm F--dn-bm [-cnp-t\m-p- co-Xn A-h-km-\nm t]m-Ip-p. ]-Icw, ho-n-en-cpp X-s D-Xv]w "[-cnp-t\mn' ]m-Ia-dn-bm-\m-Ws{X k-t-Xw h-cp--Xv. {_n--\nepw apw C-tm X-s ]pXn-b km[y-X ]-co-n--s-p Xp-S-n-b-Xm-bpw dn-tm-v ]-d-bp-p. C--c-w ]pXn-b km-[y-X-I Zn-\w{]-Xn-sb-tm-Ww {]-Xy--s-Sp-I-bmWv. A-dn-bm-sX ]p-Xn-b tem-I-t-v \- Np-h-Sp-shp-sIm-n-cn-p-I-bmsW-v km-cw. amXr`qan Hmsse\n No^v k_v FUndmWv teJI. teJIs Csabv: jamboori@gmail.com
(A-h-ew-_w : 1. How Augmented Reality Works, by Kevin Bonsor <http://www.howstuffworks.com/ augmented-reality.htm/printable>; 2. A Survey of Augmented Reality, by Ronald T. Azuma<http://www.cs.unc. edu/~azuma/ARpresence.pdf>; 3. How Augmented Reality Is Shaping the Future of Retail <http://mashable. com/2012/06/20/augmented-realityretail/>; 4. Sixthsense <http:// www.pranavmistry.com/projects/ sixthsense/>; 5. Augmented reality: it's like real life, but better<http://www. guardian.co.uk/technology/2010/ mar/21/augmented-reality-iphoneadvertising>)

(43)

hmb-\

jmPn tP_v

aX-fpsS am[y-a-cm-jv{Sobw

sS

Cy-bn ss{IkvX-h-a-X-au-en-I-hmZw sSen-hn-j-\n-eqsS Icp-mn-p-Xns Ncn{XmI hn-i-I-e\w

en-hm--enkw (Televangelism) FXv sSen-hn-j-\pti-j-apmb aX-{]-Nm-cW kwkvImc-am-Wv. bqtdm-]y, Atacn cmPy--fn kzw t{_mUvImnwKv tj-\p-Ifpw Nm\-ep-Ifpw tmpI-fpambn {InkvXy s{]m-v anj-W-dn-am krjvSn-p aXX-cwKw aX-au-en-I-hm-Z-ns Ghpw {]Nm-c-ap GSp-I-fm-Wv. 18mw \qm-n XpS-nb s{]m-v Xo{h-hm-Z-ns {]hm-NI-cmWv sSen-hn-j-\p-tijw hnkva-bI-c-amb P\-{]o-Xn-tbmsS Cu ]pXnb kphn-ti-j-ns {]Nm-c-I-cm-b-Xv. _nn-k tU apX _nn-{Klmw hsc-bp--h. 1950I-fn Itmenm _nj-m-bn-cp ^ sP. jo BWv Cu ssienp XpS-an--Xv. Hmd tdm_vkv sSen-hmen-k-n\p {]Nmcw \In-b-tXmsS sSen-hn-j kvtj-\p-I Chmen- kphntijIv tmp-I \In-p-S-n. tI_n kmt-XnI hnZy-bpsS hc-thmsS kphn-ti-jI kzw Nm\-ep-Ifpw t{_mUv ImnwKv tj-\p-Ifpw m]n-p. {InkvXy t{_mUv ImnwKv s\v hv (CBN), {Sn\nn t{_mUv ImnwKv s\v hv (TBN) XpS-n-bh Cu cwKp hIp-Xnp \S-n. {]m-\bpw hnizm-khpw ssZhhpw Ce-Ivt{Sm-WnIv bpK-ns cq]-`m-h ssIsImp. 1957 HIvtSm-_ 25 s ssSw hmcn-I-bn h _nn {Klm-ans hmp-I (I am selling the greatest product in the world, why shouldnt it be promoted as well as soap?) D-cn-p-sImv FdnIv t{^mw Cu ]pXnb ssZh-imkv{Xs hymJym-\n-p-pv. (The Sane Society). Ata-cn- P\-XbpsS 40 iX-am-\-sa-nepw nc-ambn Ccw aX-]-cn-]m-Sn-I ImWph-cmWv Fv \ok kth sXfn-bn-p-p. 30 Zi-e--tmfw t{]-I-cp ]mv tdm_Svk-\mWv Cu cwKs kqm. Ign \qm-ns cmw ]IpXn sSen-hnjtsX-t]mse sSen-hm--en-kntXpIq-Sn-bm-Wv.
Strong Religion Zealous Media : Christian fundamentalism and communication in India Pradip Ninan Thomas Sage, 2008; Rs: 495/-

Cu ]m--e-n-emWv Cybn BtKm-f-h-c-W-Im-ev apJy-ambpw sSen-hn-j-\n-eqsS {]Nmcw t\Sp {InkvXy aXau-en-I-hm-Z-ns hni-I-e-\-sa \ne-bn cNn--s {]Zo]v ss\\m tXma-kns {Kw {it-b-am-Ip--Xv. \qm-p-I-fpsS Ncn-{X-apv Cybn {InkvXp-a-X-n\v. ]s Cgn apm \qmns Ncn-{X-tabp-q {InkvXy auen-I-hm-Z-ns hf-bvv. apJy-[mcm ss{IkvX-hk-`-Ip _Z-embn cq]w-sIm s{]m-v, s]-tImkvXv k`-I-fpsS hc-thm-sS-bmWv {InkvXy auen-Ihm-Z-n\v Cy-bnepw tIc-f-nepw thcp-]n-Sn-p--Xv. ]c--cm-K-X-amb BNm-c-fpw {]m-\-Ifpw IqSnt-c-ep-Ifpw hgn Bo-b-X-bpsS hnizm-k-amK- ]nXp-Sncp ss{IkvX-hn-S-bnepw CXc aX-mn-S-bnepw hf-sc-thKw thcp-]n-Snp Ign-n-cn-p-p s]-tImkvXv k`-I. emn-\-tacn--bnepw apw ]c--cm-KX k`I-sf-m hf t\Sm Chp Ign-n-pv. Cy-bn \np dntmp-Ifpw hn`n--a-. apJy-[m-cmk-`-I t\cn-Sp \m\m-hn-[-{]-Xn-kn-I Cq-n-. eLp-te-J-Ifpw Im\S {]N-cW-fpw tdUntbm {]`mj-W--fpsam-s-bmbn Ignp IqSn-bn-cp Cy-bnse s]-tImkvXv k`-Ifpw kphn-ti-j-Icpw C-gn cp ]Xn-m-p-I-fn sSen-hn-j-\n-eqsS ssIh-cn hn]-Wn-hn-Pbw hnkva-bI-c-am-Wv. Hw, BtKmf sSen-hmenv `oa-mcpw Cybn-se-n. ]mv tdm_Svk apX s_n-^n
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{]Zo]v ss\\mtXm-akv
Cy, tIc-fob kmaq-ly-L-S\-bn am[y-a- krjvSn-p {]`m-h-s-p-dnv hntZ-in-Ifpw Cy-m-cp-amb \nc-h-[n-t] ]T\w \S-n-bn-p-s-nepw Cu hnjb-n {it-b-amb ]T-\- Cwo-jn Ah-X-cn-nn-p ae-bm-fn-I Ipd-hm-Wv. Xncp-h kztZ-inbpw Hmkvt{S-en-bbnse Izokvemkv kh-I-emim-e-bnse sk t^m IyqWn-t-j BUv tkmjy tNnse tPmbnv Ub-d-IvS-dp-amb {]Zo]v ss\\m tXmakv Cy am[y-a--sf-p-dnv ]Tn-p BtKmf ae-bm-fn-bm-Wv. \nc-h[n k kwL-S\-I-fnepw sFIy-cm-jv{S-k-`-bpsS Iyq-Wn-t-j hn`m-K-hp-ambn hsc. ]e ]gb s]-tImkvXv D]-tZ-in-am-cp-sSbpw k`-I an\m-j-W tIm-tdv m]-\-fmbn hfp. Zn\-I-c\pw sI.-]n. tbml-m\pw Ds-sS-bp--h Bbn-c--W-n\p tImSn-cq-]-bpsS BkvXn-bp hmWn-Pym-]-\- sIn-sm-n--gn-p. tbml-m, ]c--cm-KX k`-I-fn-sem-n-s\s hne-bvs-Spv sa{Xm\pw ]ns sa{Xm-sm-eo--bp-ambn kzbw A`n-tjIw sNbvXp. Ap-X-I-c-amb P\-{]o-Xnbpw am[ya {ibpw cmjv{Sob kzm[o-\ hpw hn]Wn hnP-bhpw t\Sn BtKmf-X-e-n Xs Hcp kam-c km{am-Py-ambn hfp Ign {InkvXy sSenhm--enpIfpsS Cy kmn[yw hni-I-e\w sNpp {]Zo-]ns ]T\w. hkvXp-X-IfpsS kmam\y hnh-c-Whpw aXm-c hnizmk kwhm-Z--fn-ep {]Xo--bp-amWv {]Zo-]ns ]T-\ s aptmp \bn-p-Xv. atX-Xchpw kzX-{-hp-amb am[ya hni-Ie-\tam aX-hn-ai-\tam A Cu ]T\w. Fntmepw Cy-bnse {InkvXy auen-I-hm-Z-n-sbpw sSen-hm--en-k-n-eqsS AXp ssIh-cn-p-I-gn AXy-]q-amb kmaq-ly-{]m-[m-\y-n-sbpw hn]p-eamb Ah-tem-I-\-sa \ne-bn Cu {Kw Gsd Nbpw {ibpw Bhiy-s-Sp-p-v. hnti-jnpw Cu ]T-\-ns XpS-I {]Zo]v Xs Ah-X-cn-n-p kml-N-cyn. (t_mIvkv ImWp-I) \mep-`m-K--fpv {K-n-\v.
Pqsse 2012

_-s \nc-h[n Am-Z-anI kanXn-I-fnepw AwK-amb {]Zo]v cmjv{Sm-c Xe-n Xs {InkvXy auen-I-hm-Zhpw am[y-afpw Xn-ep _w NsN-p Hmw `mKs \me-[ym-bfn-embn BtKm-f-X-e-nepw Cybnepw s{]m-v, s]-tIm-kvXv, Chm--en- k`-I cq]w-sIm-Xn-sbpw thcp-]-Sn-b-Xn-sbpw Ncn-{Xhpw aX-au-en-I-hm-Z-ambn Ah amdn-b-Xns hni-I-e-\hpw \S-pp, {]Zo-]v. sImtfm-Wn-b-enkw apX Ipcn-ip-bp--fpw hwi-shdnbpw km{am-Pyhpw Iyq-Wnv hntcm-[hpw Cm-ans ]nim-N-hIc-Whpw hsc hym]np InS-p {InkvXy aX-au-en-I-hm-Z-ns Ap \qmns ]ivNm--e-n Cu {]Xn-`m-k-s-p-dnp \S-p ]T-\-ns {it-b-amb cp k`- Cu `mK-pv. Hv, am[y-a-fpw {InkvXy auen-I-hmZhpw Xn-ep _w cq]w-sIm kml-Ncyw hni-Zo-I-cn-p-sImv B _-ns \m\m-fpw {]tbm-K-a-WvU-e-fpw A-anp hnh-cn-p--Xm-Wv (]pdw 3945). am[yaoIrX {InkvXp-aXw (Mediated christianity) F k]-\-ns km[y-X-I BtKm-f-Xew apX {]mtZ-in-I-Xew hsc ap\nn hni-Zo-I-cn-p-p, Chn-sS. Cu hnj-b-s-p-dn-p \nc-h[n ]T-\- am{X-a-, kzw {]h-\-ta-J-e-bn \nv t\cn--dn hkvXp-X-Ifpw D]-tbm-Ks-Sp-n-bmWv Cu hni-I-e\w {]Zo]v \S-p--Xv. s]-tIm-kvXen-k-ns BtKmf kz`m-h--fpsS t{ImUo-I-c-W-amWv cm-as

\nc-h[n am[ya ]T-\-kw-cw-`--fn ]m-fn-bm-Wv. 2008 {]kn-o-I-cn Strong religion, zealous media F {K-n\p ]pdsa Political Economy of Communications in India: The good, the Bad and the Ugly (2010), Negotiating communication rights: Case Studies from India (2011) Fo {K-fpw {]Zo-]n-t-Xmbn ]pd-p-h-n-pv. Digital India: Understanding information, communication and social change F ]pkvXIw ]pd-ph-cpw. Hw ^nenv eobp-ambn tNv {]Zo]v Fgp-Xnb Global and local Televangelism, Public memory, Public media and the Politics of justice Fo {K- 2012 {]kn-o-I-cn-s-Spp.

k`w. ]c--cm-KX ss{IkvX-h-k-`Ip _Z-embn {InkvXy \ho-Ic-W-sbpw bqtdm-]y \thm-m-\sbpw XpSv {]Nmcw t\Snb hnizmk amK-sa \ne-bn s]sm-kvX-enkw temI-sapw ]S-Xn-sbpw Cy-bps-sSbp cmPy--fn thcp-]n-Sn--Xnsbpw hnh-c-W-ambn amdpp Cu `mKw (]pdw 6173). kmaq-lym-[n-Im-c-L-S-\-I-fn m]-\-fpw hyn-Ifpw Xnep _w hymJym-\n-p ]nbdn t_mZn-bp-hns k]-\ hni-Zo-I-cn-p-p, cmw `mKw. ]s Ch ap\nn-bp Cy kaq-l-hn-i-I-e-\tam {InkvXy aX-au-en-I-hm-Z-ns hym]\w Cy kaq-l-n sNep-nb {]`m-h--fpsS A]-{K-Y-\tam {]Zo]v \S-p-n-. Nne kqN-\-I ]d-p-sh-bvpI am{Xta sNp-pq. aqmw `mKw {InkvXy auen-Ihm-Z-ns am[y-a-{]-tbm-K- F-Xm-Wv. ]{Xw, aX-{K-, ]mT-]p-kvX-Iw, B\p-Im-enIw XpSn-b-h-bn-eqsS ap]p-Xs \S-nem-n-bn-cp aX-{]-Nm-cWw Ccp-] Xmw \qmns XpSw sXmp-Xs tdUn-tbm-bn-eqsS \S-m Chm-en-p-I {iaw XpS-n. B{^n-bnepw emn-\-ta-cn--bnepw Ft]mse Gjy-bnepw tdUn-tbm-bpsS km[y-X-I hn]p-e-am-bp-]-tbmK-s-Sp-nb Ch sSen-hn-js hc-thmsS B am[y-a-n-tev Xncnp. Zqc-Zi-\nepw Cy `mjm-sSen-hn-j Nm\-ep-I-fnepw e`n

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\ma-am-{X-amb {]mXn-\n-[y-ns Imew hfsc thKw Ign-p. D]-{Kl tI_n Nm\-ep-I-fpsS hc-thmsS BtKmf {InkvXy Nm\-ep-Ifpw Cy Nm\-ep-Ifpw cwK-s-n. ]no-Sp-Xp Ncn{X-am-Wv. lnp hKo-b-X-bp-sSbpw lnp-Xzcm-jv{So-b-n-sbpw apJy[mcm {]th-i-n\p kam--c-ambpw Cm-anI auen-I-hm-Z-n-s\m-hpw ss{IkvXh auen-I-hmZw Cy-bn Icp-mn-p. sSen-hn-j am[ya-s-bmWv Cu kwkvImcw Ghpw ka-ambn D]-tbm-K-s-Sp-n-bmWv. {]Zo-]ns ]T\w Cu hnjbw hni-Z-ambn At\z-jn-p-p. tKmUv Sn.-hn-bpsS khn-tij ]T-\-amWv Cu `mKs {it-bamb \nco--W--fn-semv tKmUv Snhn-smw kn._n.F, tU m, and-n s\v XpS-nb Nm\-ep-Ifpw krjvSn-p aX-cm-jv{So-b-ns hni-Zmwi ZoL-ambn hnh-cnpp {]Zo]v (]pdw 120129) XpSp A[ym-b-, ssk_ temIs aX-au-en-I-hmZsIpdn-mWv N-sN-p--Xv. {Inkv-Xy, lnp-a-X-au-en-I-hm-Zn-I temI-sapw XpS-cp Cs\v {]Nm-c-W-ns cmjv{Sobw {]Zo]v ]cn-tim-[n-p-p. B[p-\n-I-X-bvptijw h B[p-\n-Im-\--cX ]e-X-e--fnepw a[y-Imefn-tep aS-n-tm-m-sWv {]Zo]v ka-ambn [z\n-n-p-p. s]tmkvXv {]Nm-c-Icpw sSen-hm-en-p-Ifpw D]-tbm-K-s-Sp-p hmIvX{- A-Snbpw hmb-\bpw krjvSn B[p-\n-Ibvp apv \nehn-en-cp hmsamgn kwkvIm-c-ns ]p\-cm-hn`m-h-ambn hymJym-\n-msav Nqn-m-p-Xv {it-b-am-Wv. 2005 s_n-^n _wK-fq-cphn \S-nb Hcp and-n {IqtkUns hni-I-e\w Cu `mK-p-v. Sn.sP.Fkv tPmPv Fgp-Xn-b-Xpt]m-se, "temIs Ghpw KqVkz-`m-h-ap aX-hym-]m-cn-'sb \nebn sSen-hn-j \mS-I-ambn s_n^ Bkq-{XWw sNbvX and-n {IqtkUv {]Zo]v ]cn-tim-[n-p-p. \memw-`m-Kv Cy-bn Hcp aXm-c hnizmk kwhm-Zm--cow krjvSn--s-tS-Xnsbpw sSmdthnse "hnj Sn hn'bpsS amXr-I-bn ChnsSbpw am[y-a--fneqsS Ac-samcp aXm-caq-ey {]Nmcw \StXntbpw Bhiyam-Wv {]Zo]v aptmv hbvp--Xv. am[ya tI{nX-amb aX-{]-Nm-c-Ww, krjvSnp kmaq-ln-Im-L-X-fpsS Bg-n-ep hni-I-e-\-a Cu ]T-\w. AtXkabw Cybn hfp-h lnp-Xz-hm-Z-n\v _ZemWv ChnSs {InkvXy auen-IhmZw F Pn. F. Bantbpw apw \nco--W- \ncm-I-cn-psImv BtKmf {InkvXy auen-Ihm-Z-ns cmjv{Sobk-Zv-L-S-\bnepw A{Im-a-I-amb ss{IkvXh-X-bpsS {]Nm-c-W-X-{--fnepw Ata-cn--bnse {InkvXy he-Xp]--ns cmjv{So-b-h-f-bnepw Cy-bn Xs, ]c--cm-KX ss{IkvX-h-k-`-Ifpw s]-tmkvX k`-Ifpw Xn \S-p ioX-k-a-c-nepw BtKmf \h-km{am-Py cmjv{Sobw krjvSn-p "kwkvImc kwLj'--fnepw thcp]-Sn \np-XmWv Cy-bnse {InkvXy aX-au-en-I-hm-Zhpw AXns am[y-ao-IrX cq]-fpw Fv {]Zo]v IrXy-ambn Ispp. {ioic kIemimebn aebmfw A[ym]I\mWv teJI. teJIs Csabv: shajijacob67@gmail.com

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New Books @ Academy Library

Bookshelf

The Media and Political Process

Understanding New Media

Eugenia Siapera Sage Publications 288 pages; Price: Rs. 2012

Television Journalism
Stephen Cushion Sage Publications 240 pages; Price: Rs. 2103

Eric Louw SAGE Publications Ltd, 240 pages; Price: Rs 2195 This fully revised new edition of The Media and Political Process assesses the impact of spin doctoring and media activity in liberal democracies that are just as concerned with impression management and public relations as with policy. Political processes never stand still, and this revised second edition explores the mediatization of the political process in light of recent developments, from Vladimir Putins growth into a political celebrity, to the activities of spin doctors in the 2008 US Presidential Elections How have professional communicators transformed the business of politics? How do political bodies use the media to sell domestic and foreign policies to the public? This fully revised new edition of The Media and Political Process assesses the impact of spin doctoring and media activity in liberal democracies that are just as concerned with impression management and public relations as with policy.
Pqsse 2012

New media are everywhere, yet with so many technological developments and theoretical perspectives understanding them has never been more difficult. This textbook explains the key concepts and approaches to the impact of new media on the economy, society, identity, politics, friendship, citizenship and everyday life. Putting the student first, this book: Engages the reader with integrated, up-to-date case studies; Brings it all together with chapter summary charts; Challenges students to apply concepts with e-tivities; Provides key further online readings at www.sagepub.co.uk/siapera. An excellent introduction to the past, present and future of the electronic, networked media world. By carefully examining the complex interactions between society and media, Siapera insightfully illuminates the social, political, economic and cultural consequences of our increasingly electronically networked and mediated world. This book will be a highly useful teaching tool and an engaging read for students, teachers and scholars

This authoritative, persuasive account evaluates television journalisms contribution to society from a political, economic, and cultural framework. Covering issues of ownership, control, policy, and regulation, the book is a blend of theory and history that examines the UK industry from a comparative perspective. It establishes the importance of television journalism, how it converges with other formats, and the ways in which it can survive an ever-changing terrain with the advent of new technologies and new media. Stephen Cushion has done a great service by writing this sweeping, timely and provocative volume on television journalism. Cushion has devoured the relevant literature on journalism with the rabid intensity of a starving wolf left alone in a meat market. With tight focus and superb organization, Cushion has produced a remarkably coherent book that covers every important topic in the field today.

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\yqkv s\v C.]n.jmPpZo

BtKmf am[yacwKs ]pXnb {]hWXIfpw hmIfpw a\nemm\pXIp anI aoUnb sh_vsskpIsf ]cnNbsSppIbmWv Cu ]wn. am[yacwKv {]hnphpw am[yahnZymnIpw Hcpt]mse {]tbmP\{]Zambncnpw Cu sskpIfn \npw e`np hnhc.

s^b tUmSv HmKv

sNp hnhn[ LSIsf Bgn AhtemI\w sNp XmsWXn\m Fm cmPyfn sebpw am[ya {]hIv {]tbmP\{]ZamWv.

Zv tXUv dntmv

Hmtm_v tUmSv HmKv

Bpw hmI kw`mh\ sNm km[np knnk PWenkw sh_vsskv BWv Hmtm_v(openglobe.org). {]hrn ]cnNbw Cmhpw hm Abbvmw. sskns hnZKv[ ]cntim[n tijw AXp {]knoIcnpw. apJy[mcm am[yafpsS {i ]Xnbm hmIp apXqw \IppshmWv sskns ap{ZmhmIyw. Ign sk]vw_dn {]h\w XpSnb sskn Ctm 592 hmI Dv. cm{obw, kvt]mSvkv, ssk\nIw, CtmWan, BtcmKyw, \nbaw, imkv{Xw,

Atacnbnse apJy[mcm ]{X fpsS ka{Kamb hnai\hpw am[ya skkjnns\Xncmb t]mcm hpamWv s^b tUmv HmKns (www.fair.org)ZuXyw. hInS am[ya m]\fpsS IpI bvsXntc sNdpp\npI, kzX{hpw emt` IqSmXpamb s]mXp hmm hnXcWw km[yampI XpSnb ey ap \ndpn {]hnp s^b F kwLS\bpsS Cu sskn Atacn am[ya cwKsbmWv {][m\ambpw ]cmainpXv. ]{X{]hI, BnhnpI Fnhcpambn s^b \nccw kwhZnpp. s]mXpP\v am[ya m]\fpambn _w m]nm\pw AhcpsS BiI am[ya m]\sf Adnbnm\pw Cu sskp hgnsbmcppp. temIsamSpambn 50,000 BnhnpI sskn AwKfmbnpv. ssk An\v kuIcyhptasSpnbnpv. AwKv Csabnen hnhn[ AsepI \Imdpv. s^bdns FIvkv{Sm F amKkn am[ya hnai\ns apJ]{XamsWp ]dbmw. hmSvkv tdmv hnXv Zv \yqkv F CXnse hn`mKw apJy[mcm am[yasf \nb{npIbpw `cnpIbpw

]cnnXn, kmwkvImcnIw Fnh XpSn 12 hnjb kw_n hmI \nehn CXnepv. Bpw CXnse hmI ]p\ {]knoIcnm A\paXnbpv. s{IUnpw bYmY t]Pntev enpw \IWsap am{Xw.

knnk PWenkns asmcp apJamWv Zv tXUv dntmv (www.thirdreport.com). Iyqdpw Cs\v IW\pap Bpw dntmv FgpXmsaXmWv CXns \bw. Atacn {]mtZinI hmI apX C\mjW hmI hsc CXn FgpXmw Fv sskns \bhniZoIcW n hyampp. hnhn[ DdhnSfn \nv Htc hmI \IppshXv XfpsS {]tXyIXbmbn Ah Nqn mpp. CXnepw cm{obw, kbkv, BtcmKyw, FssSav, ]cnnXn, kvt]mSvkv Fns\ hnhn[ hnjbfn hmI Dv. ap sh_vsskpIfn \nv \ hmI sd^ sNm \pw CXn cPn sNbvXhp km[npw. Cs\ sd^ sNp hmIfn Bscnepw np sNbvXp hmbnm AXn \npmIp hcpam\ns hnlnXw sd^ sNbvX Bp \Ip kwhn[m\hpw CXnepv. awKfw Zn\]{Xns No^v \yqkv FUndmWv teJI. teJIs Csabv: epshajudeen@gmail.com

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Academy holds study camp on Internet

AmZan hmI

Anand Parthasarathy talks

Kochi: Kerala Press Academy, in association with Kerala IT Mission organised two day study camp on Internet as a journalistic tool. Around forty journalists from media institutions in Kerala took part in the camp. This is the first camp in the series of six camps proposed for the current year, for improving the professional

skill and knowledge base of journalists. Camp was inaugurated by Anand Parthasarathy, prominent IT journalist on Wednesday at Hotel Presidency here. Academy chairman N.P.Rajendran welcomed the gathering. Anand Parthasarathy talked on the subject Harnessing the Internet

edge:New media tools and techniques. Roy Mathew, Deputy Chief of Bureau of the Hindu, Thiruvananthapuram presented the paper on How to verify the veracity on web content and K.Anvar Sadat, former Executive Director of IT@School mission on Potential of Social media. On Thursday Dr. Achuth Sankar of Kerala University (Knowledge freedom in the New Media Context), Adv. Sreeja Joshydev, Kerala High court (Cyber Law and Media) and Dr. Vinod Bhattarthirippad, Cyber Forensic consultant( (Cyber crimes) presented papers. V.G.Renuka, Secretary of the academy introduced the speakers. N.Rajesh, Exe. Council Member proposed the vote of thanks.

K-th-j-W {]-_-- F-hn-sS Inpw?

am-[y-a-{]-h--\-n-s hnhn-[ h-i-sf Ip-dnv ]-ecpw -I--s-v ]Tn-p-Ibpw K-th-j-W-{]-_-- X-m-dm-n tUm-Iv--td-p-I t\-SpIbpw sN-bv-Xn-pv. \n-`m-Ky-h-im C-h-sbmpw Bpw Im-Wm t]mepw In-n. Cu {]-iv-\w ]-cn-l-cn-p-IqtS? {]-kv A-mZ-an H-cp {i-a-n\v Xp-S-an-Spp. A-mZ-an ssk-n C-Xn\m-bn H-cp sk-- B-cw-`n-n-pv. C-tm H-cp {]-_-ta tN-m- I-gn-n-pq. K-thj-Ww \-S-n-bh-pX-s ]-p-sa-n {]-_--ns ]n.Un.F-^v tIm-n A-b-p-X-cmw. {]nu-v B-Wv ssI-bn-ep--sX-n hn-h-c-a-dn-bn-p-I F-s\ A-Xp]-tbm-Kn-m-sav t\-cn-v kw-km-cnmw. XpS-w tI-c-f-n-se k-h-Iem-im-e-I-fn \nm-pp F-t Dq. tI-c-f-n H-Xp-Ww F hm-in-bn. e-`y-am-Ip {]-_--, ]T-\- Fn-h ]p-d-p-\n-pXpw kzo-I-cn-mw. A-dn-hn-\v A-Xnn-h-c-I thtm. mail@pressacademy.org F hn-em-k-n-em-Wv hnh-cw X-tcXv.

]{X-{]-h--I-cp-sS lp Cu-kv lp
tI-c-f-n I-gn- \q-m-n N-cn{Xw cq-]-s-Spnb A-t\-I -a-t\-Iw ]-{X-{]-h--I {]-Xn-`I-sf Ip-dn-v F-s-nepw A-dn-bm B-scnepw {i-an-m an-hmdpw A-sXmcp ]m-gv-{i-a-am-bn I-em-in-p-I-bm-Wv sN-p-I. A-Xy-]q-hw B-fp-I-sf-Ip-dnt Po-h-N-cn-{X-Ir-Xn-I-fpq. D--h X-s F-hn-sS In-p-sa-v Bpw A-dn-bn. ]-eXpw sse-{_-dn-I-fn t]mepw e-`ya. ]-{X-{]-h--I hn-Zym-n-I-v t]mepw ]nhmn-b X-e-apd-sb Ip-dn-v A-dn-bm h-gn-bn-sv h-n-cn-pp. Cu Zp-c-h- ]-cn-l-cn-m ]pXn-b am-[y-a-n-eq-sS-tb I-gnbq. C-s\-n t\m-n-bm Cvv e`n-m- hn-h-c--fn. \n-`m-Ky-him C-s\-n-epw a-e-bm-f-n-se ]-{X-{]-h--I-{]-Xn-`-I-fp-sS kw-`mh-\-I tc-J-s-Sp-n-bn-n. Cu {]-iv-\w ]-cn-l-cn-m tI-c-f {]-kv A-m-Z-an-bp-sS sh-_v-sskv www. pressacademy.org- Xp-S--an-Spp. A-mZ-an ssk-n C-Xn-\m-bn H-cp sk- B-cw-`n-n-pv. Stalwarts of Journalism from Kerala. Ip-sd t]sc Ip-dnv s]-s-v e-`y-am-b Ipd-v hn-h-c- am{Xw D-s-Sp-n-bm-Wv C-tm Cu kw-cw-`-n-\v XpS-w Ip-dn-n-cn-pXv. {]-kv A-mZan Cu {i-aw Xp-S-cpw. H-w hm-b-\-mcm-b ]-{X-{]h--I-cp-sS k-lm-bhpw th-Ww. \n---dn-bm-hp- ]-g-b X-e-ap-d -bn-se ]-{X-{]-h-I-sc Ip-dnv a-cn--htcm Po-hn-n-cn-p-htcm B-hmw e-`yam-b hn-h-c- t^m-tm k-ln-Xw A-b-p-X-cn-I. Po-hn-n-cn-p--h-cm-sW-n 60 hb-v I-gn--h-cm-bn-cn-Ww F-sm-cp ]-cn-[n sh-pp. CXv hn-n kz-`m-h-ap- {i-a-amWv. Bpw hn-h-c- \-Imw. Bpw sX-p-I Nq-n-m-mw. hm-b-\-mcm-b kp-lr-p- k-l-I-cn-p-I-bm-sW-n C-sXm-cp k-a-{Kam-b ]-{X-{]-h--I lp Cu-kv lp B-bn am-mw. hn-h-c-W-fpw Nn-{X-fpw A-btXv mail@pressacaademy.org F sa-bn-en-em-Wv. km-[y-am-tb-Stm-fw F-Un-npw hn-h-cw-tN-epw A-mZ-an ssk-n-s F-Un-tm-dnb t_m-Uv \n-h-ln-pw. k--lI-cn--W-w.

Pqsse 2012

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tKm]oIrjvWs Csabv: cartoonistgopikrishnan@gmail.com

Pqsse 2012

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]pkvXI {]kv AmZan, Idv _pIvkv, amXr`qan _pIvkv FnhnSfn e`npw

Printed and Published by V. G. Renuka, Secretary, On behalf of the Kerala Press Academy, Published from Kerala Press Academy, Kakkanad, Kochi 682 030; Printed at Sterling Print House Pvt Ltd, Edappally; Editor: N. P. Rajendran.

Media Monthly | July 2012 | Rs. 10/- | RNI Reg No. KERBIL/2000/1676