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swimming pools
Australian Standard

Solar heating systems for

AS 3634—1989
 This Australian Standard was prepared by Committee CS/28, Solar Water Heaters. It
was approved on behalf of the Council of Standards Australia on 14 June 1989 and
published on 18 August 1989.

The following interests are represented on Committee CS/28:

Australian and New Zealand Solar Energy Society
Australian Gas Association
CSIRO, Division of Energy Technology
Department of Administrative Services, Australian Construction Services
Department of Business and Consumer Affairs, N.S.W.
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Department of Minerals and Energy, N.S.W.

Department of Mines and Energy, N.T.
Department of Primary Industries and Energy
Electricity Supply Association of Australia
Engineering and Water Supply Department, S.A.
Gas and Fuel Corporation of Victoria
Master Plumbers and Mechanical Services Association of Victoria
Metal Trades Industry Association of Australia
Solar Energy Industries Association of Australia
Trade Practices Commission
University of New South Wales
Victorian Solar Energy Council

Additional interests participating in preparation of Standard:

Swimming Pool and Spa Association of Australia

Review of Australian Standards. To keep abreast of progress in industry, Australian Standards are subject
to periodic review and are kept up to date by the issue of amendments or new editi ons as necessary. It is
important therefore that Standards users ensure that they are in possession of the latest edit ion, and any
amendments thereto.
Full detail s of all Australi an Standards and related publications wil l be found in the Standards Australia
Catalogue of Publications; this information is supplemented each month by the magazine ‘The Australi an
Standard’, which subscribing members receive, and which gives details of new publications, new editi ons
and amendments, and of withdrawn Standards.
Suggesti ons for improvements to Australian Standards, addressed to the head offi ce of Standards Australia,
are welcomed. Noti fi cati on of any inaccuracy or ambiguity found in an Australi an Standard should be made
without delay in order that the matter may be investigated and appropriate action taken.

This Standard was issued in draft form for comment as DR 87144.

 AS 3634—1989

Australian Standard
This is a free 6 page sample. Access the full version at http://infostore.saiglobal.com.

Solar heating systems for

swimming pools

First publi shed as AS 3634—1989.

PUBLISHED BY STANDARDS AUSTRALIA

(STANDARDS ASSOCIATION OF AUSTRALIA)
1 THE CRESCENT, HOMEBUSH, NSW 2140
ISBN 0 7262 5804 0
 AS 3634—1989 2

PREFACE

This Standard was prepared by Standards Australia’s Committee on Solar Water

Heaters, in response to a request from the Victorian Solar Energy Council (VSEC).
Studies commissioned by VSEC in 1984, including performance testing of swimming
pool heaters, indicated that solar heating of swimming pools was very cost effective
compared to gas or oil-fuelled heating. One outcome of these studies was the proposal
by VSEC that standards should be established for pool heating covering the materials
and performance of solar collectors used for pool heating, and the design, construction
and installation of these systems.
The 1986 edition of AS 2535, Solar collectors with liquid as the heat-transfer fluid —
Methods of testing thermal performance, incorporated revisions to make that Standard
suitable for testing the performance of collectors of the types used for pool heating.
A Standard for the materials used in unglazed collectors for pool heating is in course
of preparation.
This Standard deals with design, construction and installation aspects collectively, and
is based largely on the work of VSEC, and the assistance received from this source is
gratefully acknowledged. Account has also been taken of BS 6785, British Standard
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Code of Practice for solar heating systems for swimming pools, and also the
specifications for solar pool heating prepared by the Gas and Fuel Corporation of
Victoria.

 Copyri ght STANDARDS AUSTRALIA

Users of Standards are reminded that copyri ght subsists in all Standards Australi a publications and soft ware. Except where the
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Standards Austr alia will permit up to 10 percent of the technical content pages of a Standard to be copied for use
exclusively in-house by purchasers of the Standard without payment of a royalty or advice to Standards Austr alia.
Standards Australi a wil l also permit the inclusion of it s copyright material in computer soft ware programs for no royalt y
payment provided such programs are used exclusively in-house by the creators of the programs.
Care should be taken to ensure that material used is fr om the current editi on of the Standard and that it is updated whenever the
Standard is amended or revised. The number and date of the Standard should therefore be clearly identif ied.
The use of material in pri nt form or in computer soft ware programs to be used commercially, with or without payment, or in
commercial contracts is subject to the payment of a royalty. This policy may be vari ed by Standards Austr alia at any ti me.
 3 AS 3634—1989

CONTENTS

Page

1 SCOPE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. . .. . . . .. .. 4
2 REFERENCED AND RELATED DOCUMENTS . . .. .. . .. .. . .... 4
3 DEFINITIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. . .. .. . ... . 4
4 COLLECTORS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. . .. .. . ... . 5
5 CONTROL SYSTEM (WHERE FITTED) . . . . . . . .. .. . .. .. . .... 7
6 HYDRAULIC CONSIDERATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. . .. .. . .... 8
7 PIPEWORK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. . .. .. . . ... 10
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8 PUMPS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. . .. . . . .. .. 11
9 COMMISSIONING AND HANDOVER . . . . . . . . . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. 11

APPENDICES
A NOTES ON THE DESIGN OF SOLAR POOL HEATING
SYSTEMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
B CALCULATION OF POOL HEATING LOAD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
C SOLAR POOL COVERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
D EFFECT OF ORIENTATION AND INCLINATION ON
COLLECTOR PERFORMANCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
E TABLE OF CLIMATIC DATA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
 AS 3634—1989
STANDARDS AUSTRALIA
Australian Standard
Solar heating systems for swimming pools
1 SCOPE. This Standard sets out requirements for the
design, installation and commissioning of solar heating
systems for swimming pools, using direct circulation of
pool water to the solar collectors. The Standard does not
include electrical safety requirements, altered water
treatment requirements, or performance requirements.
Appendices are included dealing with system design, pool
covers, calculation of heating load, and collector
positioning.
The Standard is applicable to domestic and commercial
or public pools, that are heated by solar energy either
alone or in conjunction with other heating.
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2 REFERENCED AND RELATED DOCUMENTS.
2.1 Referenced documents. The following documents
are referred to in this Standard:
AS
1159 Polyethylene pipes for pressure
applications
1170 SAA Loading Code
1170.2 Part 2: Wind forces
1432 Copper tubes for water, gas and
sanitation
1477 Unplasticized PVC (UPVC) pipes and
fittings for pressure applications
2032 Code of practice for installation of
UPVC pipe systems
2535 Solar collectors with liquid as the
heat-transfer fluid — Method for testing
thermal performance.
2610 Spa pools
2610.2 Part 2: Private spas
3633 Private swimming pools — Water quality
BS
5391 S peci fi cati on for acryl oni t ri l e-
butadienestyrene (ABS) pressure pipe
Part 1: Pipe for industrial uses
5392 S peci fi cati on for acryl oni t ri l e-
butadienestyrene (ABS) fittings for use
with ABS pressure pipe
Part 1: Fittings for use with pipe for
industrial uses
Australian Solar Radiation Data Handbook, Canberra,
Department of Primary Industries and Energy, 1987
2.2 Related documents. Attention is drawn to the
following related documents:
Czarnecki J. T. Swimming Pool Heating by Solar Energy.
CSIRO Division of Mechanical Engineering, Technical
Report No. TR19, 1978.
Czarnecki J. T. Selected Aspects of Solar Swimming Pool
Heating. CSIRO Division of Mechanical Engineering,
Technical Report No. TR29, 1981.
COPYRIGHT
4
Higgs J. The Solar Heating of Public and Commercial
Pools — A Design and Instruction Manual. Victorian
Solar Energy Council, October 1984.
Higgs J. The Solar Heating of Public and Institutional
Pools. Victorian Solar Energy Council, March 1984.
Roy G.G. and Miller S.G. Data Handbook for Solar
Energy Designers. University of W.A., 1980.
3 DEFINITIONS. For the purpose of this Standard,
the definitions below apply.
3.1 Absorber — device within a collector for
absorbing radiant energy and transferring the energy as
heat into a fluid.
3.2 Collector — device containing an absorber. The
types discussed in this Standard are as follows:
(a) Flat plate collector — non-concentrating collector
in which the absorber is essentially planar.
(b) Glazed collector — collector in which the absorber
is covered by a translucent or transparent glazing
material.
(c) Trickle collector — flat plate collector in which
the heat-transfer fluid is not contained within
passageways in the absorber, but flows over the
plate surface.
(d) Panel collector — collector in which the absorber
(which is normally made of rigid plastics sheet)
usually embodies numerous closely spaced fluid
passages.
(e) Piping collector — collector system in which
piping (such as black polyethylene agricultural
piping) is arranged to act as an absorber on a roof
or other base.
(f) Strip collector — collector system in which
extruded strip embodying fluid passages is
arranged to act as an absorber, on a roof or other
base. The strip is typically around 50 mm to
150 mm in width and made of flexible elastomeric
or plastic material.
(g) Unglazed collector — collector in which the
absorber is directly exposed to the environment.
3.3 Collector area — the net area measured parallel
to the plane of the collector available to admit solar
radiation to the absorber. Figure 3.1 illustrates the width
dimension used in calculating the collector area for
different collector types.
3.4 Differential temperature controller — device
that detects a small difference between two
temperatures, and controls pumps and other electrical
devices in accordance with this temperature difference.
3.5 Direct system — system in which pool water
passes through the solar collectors.
3.6 Draindown — draining of the fluid from the
collectors and associated pipework, normally for the
purpose of preventing frost damage. Draindown may be
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AS 3634-1989, Solar heating systems for

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