What is a computer?

An electronic device, operating under the control of instructions stored in its own memory unit, that can accept data, manipulate the data according to specified rules, produce information from the processing, and store the results for future use.

The parts of Microcomputer system:

Hardware (Commonly known as the computer) Software (Commonly Known as the program) Data (Raw facts that can be manipulated) People (The user)
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Parts of a Microcomputer system:

Hardware:
A computers hardware consists of electronic devices; the parts you can see and touch.
The term device refers to any piece of hardware used by the computer, such as a keyboard, monitor, modem, mouse, etc.
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The parts of Microcomputer system:

Software:
Software- also called programs- consists of organized sets of instructions for controlling the computer. Some programs exist for the computers use, to help it manage its own tasks and devices.
Other programs exist for the user, and enable the computer to perform tasks for 4 you, such as T@NB!R 01738359555 creating documents.

Software Can be categorized into four types

System software Application software Educational software Entertainment software.

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Operating Software
Microsoft Windows Mac OS UNIX and Linux DOS Handheld Operating Systems, etc.

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Popular operating software

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Application Software
MS-Word MS-Excel MS-Access MS- Power point,etc.

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Information Processing Cyclefour general operations

Input Processing Output Storage

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The Architecture of CPU

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Personal Computer (Microcomputer)

The term microcomputer is generally synonymous with Personal computer (pc), or a computer that depends on a microprocessor. Microcomputers are designed to be used by individuals, whether in the form of PCs, workstations or notebook computers. A microcomputer contains a central processing unit (CPU) on a microchip (the microprocessor), a memory system (typically read-only memory and random access memory), a bus system and I/O ports, typically housed in a motherboard
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What are the components of a personal computer?

Input devices Central processing unit (CPU) Output devices Memory Storage devices

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Devices that comprise a personal or microcomputer.

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Input Devices
Keyboard Mouse Digital camera Scanner Microphone, etc.

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Input Devices
Digital Camera

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Output devices
Monitor Printer Speaker, etc.

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Output devices

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Input/Output Ports

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Keyboards

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Keyboard
A keyboard is an input device modeled after the typewriter keyboard. A keyboard has characters on the keys and each press of a key corresponds to a single written symbol.

A computer keyboard
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Types of keyboards
Standard Standard keyboards, such as the 101-key keyboards or the 104key keyboards, include alphabetic characters, punctuation symbols, numbers and a variety of function keys.

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Mouse

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Serial / mechanical mouse

Mouse

Optical Mouse

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Optical Mouse
The mouse has a small, red light-emitting diode (LED) that bounces light off that surface onto a complimentary metaloxide semiconductor (CMOS) sensor

The CMOS sensor sends each image to a digital signal processor (DSP) for analysis The computer moves the cursor on the screen based on the coordinates received from the mouse. This happens hundreds of times each second, making the cursor appear to move very smoothly
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Anatomy of a Personal Computer

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Anatomy of a Computer
Microprocessor Motherboard/Bus Operating System Power Memory Input/Output Ports Input Devices Data Storage Devices Display Peripherals T@NB!R 01738359555

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Microprocessor

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Ram (Random access memory)

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Processors & Memory

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Power Supply

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What is Motherboard?
Primary and the most important component of the computer Multi-layered Central Printed Circuit Board inside the PC that contains and controls the components that are responsible for processing data Provides electrical connection by which the other components of the system communicate Copper circuit paths called traces carry signals and voltages across the motherboard
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What is Motherboard?
Some layers carry data for input/output while other layers carry voltage and ground returns As far as its name is understood, the motherboard hosts some important parts such as BIOS and RAM etc. We can connect among devices It is sometimes alternatively known as the main board, baseboard, system board, Planar board or, the logic board
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Motherboard Hardware
2 IDE Channels VGA 2 USB Heads Serial (RS232) Discrete I/O Parallel Floppy Network Switches/ LED's
Power
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PC/104

Motherboard Contains
CPU Socket USB Connector DIMM Socket Chipset BIOS CMOS ISA Slot PCI Slot ATX Connector COM Ports AGP Slot IDE Connector
Floppy Drive Connector
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Data Storage Devices

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STORAGE DEVICES

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 Disk Storage:
Holds permanent data and programs. Three major distinctions between disks and memory a) disks have more storage b) disks are durable c) disks are cheaper Common is magnetic disk (hard disk, floppy disk). Optical disk (CD-ROM).

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 CRT
LCD

CRT & LCD Monitor

Using technology that was developed in the 19th century.

In 1997, manufactures began to offer full size LCD monitors as alternatives to CRT monitors First LCD laptop monitors were very small due to manufacturing costs.

Light, sleek, energy-efficient, have sharp picture.

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Casing

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