1

Leadership & Change

Name

Mazhar Hussain Shah

Class NFQ Level 7

Topic

Leadership& Change

College

Oxford College International

Submission Date

Leadership & Change

Acknowledgement I am grateful to my professors & elders who really teach and guide me in an appropriate and effective way and they always solve my problems my studies and due to their guidance, I am enable to accomplish my course work and learning objectives. My well wishes and prays are always with them

Declaration I am pleased to announce and declare that this is my own effort to accomplish this course work and learning task. I have used the proper referencing approach with the guidance of my respected teachers. I tried my best to avoid all kind of cheatings and unfair practices.

Leadership & Change

(a) Identify and illustrate the impact of the main triggers of change on the company you are working. Answer The researcher as a worker of the Coca Cola International has analyzed the following triggers and the causes of the change for the company. Strategy Management Leadership Styles

The links and the explanation of the leadership and the strategy management for the Coca Cola Company are as follow. The strategic management and the leadership have a close relation and link. The main purpose of the strategy formulation is to organize the industries and the organizations by implementing toAllot the tactics and the key points of of the the four

strategy.According

(2008),every strategy is

comprised

components. Out of these four components, the timing is very important for the accomplishment of that strategy. The second component of the strategy is its formulation and the third component of the strategy is its implementation and the last component of the strategy is its analysis. Leaders can formulate and implement the strategy in an appropriate manner. A true and effective leader is that who can understand the positive and the negative aspects of the strategy. The basic need and the requirement of the formulation of the strategy in an organization are to explore the market and compete the rivals in an excellent manner. Some says that leaders are by born while majority of the scholars say that the leaders are the continuous learners and they learn with the passage of time by their mistakes and the experience of their life. Leaders can formulate the strategies and they can

implement these strategies in an appropriate manner only with the help and the support of the effective management team and the effective personnel and the staff members. Strategic management and the leadership are the two main parameters of the successful organizations of the world at the moment. All the multinational

companies of the world are following the techniques and the principles of the effective strategic management and the leadership principles to attain the market and the strategic advantages all over the globe.

Leadership & Change

Therefore, the management of the top companies always follows the principles of the true strategic management and the effective leadership. One of the top companies of the world is Coca Cola International and the main reason of the success of the Coca Cola International is to understand the principles of the effective strategic management all over the world. The management of the Coca Cola International Company always tries to formulate the effective strategic goals to enhance the strengths of the company. The reasons of the fame and the top leading company of its industry by the Coca Cola are the formulation and the implementation of the effective strategies by its management all over the globe. Similarly, the Pepsi International is also adopting the techniques of the effective strategic management and the effective leadership approaches to capture the markets locally as well as globally. But the main reason of the fame and the global leaders of the Coca Cola International is its market capturing strategy and in this aspect, the company has a very nice technique to attract and to retain its current and potential customers. However, in some parts of the world, the market strategy of the Pepsi is better as compare to the Coca Cola i.e. Pakistani Market. In the Pakistani market, the market share of Pepsi is better as compare to the Coca Cola due to its effective leadership decisions and strategies in that specific zone. (b) Critically discuss ways you would handle resistance to change that might occur while implementing a change program in your organisation. Answer The resistance to change can be described and handled by the following management styles. For this purpose, the strategic decision making plays a vital role to control the resistance to change in the organization. Strategic Decision Making According to Robbins (2007), Strategic decision making is very important for the efficient output for the multinational companies all over the world. In past, most of the companies follow the typical and the traditional type of the management and the leadership approaches to formulate their business and the marketing strategies. The impact of the effective management and the effective leadership has a great value and importance to influence the performance of the individuals and the groups of the

Leadership & Change

employees of the organization. There are different kinds of the management styles and leadership to run an organization in an appropriate manner. Following are the kinds of different management styles. Democratic Change Management Style Autocratic Change Management Style Consultative Change Management Style Laissez Faire Change Management style

Democratic Change Management Style In the democratic change management style, the manager or the head of the organization distributes the responsibilities and the tasks among the staff members and the different employees of the different departments. For this purpose, the staff members are given fully authority to take their decisions to accomplish the given task within a given time by the manager. According to Bravo (2006), the staff members always try to accomplish the given task by using their own methods and the procedures. The employees are involved in the decision making and then they can motivate and appraise their subordinates by using their authority and all this work is monitored by the supervisor of the relevant department. Moreover, the given tasks are analyzed by the manager or the supervisor of the relevant department to know the performance of the individuals of that department of the organization. Autocratic Change Management Style Strategic decisions are more influenced by the autocratic change management style and leadership technique. According to Faraday (2009), the managers of the

companies give dictations to their staff and subordinates to perform their functions up to the optimum level. The manager dictates the given tasks to the lower staffs and the employees of the organization and then the employees and the subordinates become bound to accomplish the given task within a specific given time. Moreover, this type of the management decision making and leadership style can create the inferiority complex in the employees and they can leave the job in the situation of the more pressure.

Leadership & Change

Consultative Change Management style The consultative change management style is the mixture of the both above mentioned leadership and management styles of the managers. In this kind of the leadership and the management style, the managers of the companies allow their staff and the employees in the decision making approach and take their opinion but the final decision is made by the management of the company. Laissez Faire Change Management style In this form and type of the change management and decision making approach, the manager of the company gives the free hand and freedom to the employees and the subordinates of the company to accomplish the given task in an appropriate manner. But the manager does not leave the attention of the work. He/she controls and monitors the activities of the workers and corrects the wrong works and tasks done by the employees.

Diagram P1.1: Different forms of management styles

(c) Prepare a reflective account identifying and analysing the main criteria on how your effectiveness in managing change can be assessed. Answer The efficiency and the effectiveness of the change management can be accessed by the following leadership styles which are described as follow: Transactional Leadership Theory

Leadership & Change

Transformational Leadership Theory Charismatic Leadership Theory Situational Leadership Theory

Transactional Leadership Theory The transactional leadership theory is adopted by the Coca Cola International Company. The main aim and objective to adopt the transactional leadership theory is to motivate the employees and the subordinates of the company through the employee reward and the employee punishment system. Because the main objective of the leaders of the Coca Cola Company is to monitor the performance of its employees and the management of the Coca Cola has created the social system among the employees which create the strong bond of the employees relations and collaboration. The main authority of the decision making is the leader in the transactional leadership style and the workers and the employees of the company have to admit and adopt the decisions of the leaders. In other words, the employees and the subordinates give all their authorities to their leader and then the leader or the manager of the department tries to adopt the decisions and the strategies according to the need of the hour and the organization. This theory of the leadership comprised of the belief that the prime objective of the employees is to follow the instructions of their leader or the manager of the company. Transformational Leadership Theory According to Martin (2010), the basic aim and the theme of the transformational leadership theory is to add values and attributes to the leadership style for the betterment of the organization. In other words, leadership with attributes always creates values and benefits for the organization. This type of the leadership theory creates the positive changes in the personalities of the individuals and the specific groups of the company. The management of the Pepsi Company follows the transformational leadership theory and style to compete in the market locally as well as globally. The transformational leadership style is better than the transactional style because in transformational leadership style, the leaders try to understand and take care of the interests of each other whereas in the transactional leadership style,

Leadership & Change

the leaders try to retain the interests of the organizations and give less importance and attention to the personal interests of the employees. The leaders try to enhance the capabilities and the attributes of the performances of the employees of the organization. Charismatic Leadership Theory The charismatic leadership theory is all about the personal strengths and the personal attributes of the leaders. The leaders try to become the role model for the employees and the subordinates in this type of the leadership theory. Selfconfidence and the self-belief are the basic cores for this theory. These types of the leaders attain the attention of their employees and the subordinates through their personality and personal characteristics rather than the formal leadership techniques. It is the nature of the humans that they only follow those people who have extra qualities as compare to them. According to Russell (2007), people follow others that they personally admire. The Charismatic Leader gathers followers through dint of personality and charm, rather than any form of external power or authority. The charismatic leaders gain and attain the more attention because they behave in a friendly environment with their subordinates and they treat them properly and guide them in an appropriate manner. Every human being wants attention, when the employees get the attention from their charismatic leaders properly, then they become their fans. One of the main properties of the charismatic leaders is that they lead their team in an appropriate manner and they treat their employees and the subordinates politely and nicely. Situational Leadership Theory According to Paul Hersey (1970), the situational leadership theory is based on the situations faced by the organization. In this type of the leadership, the leaders of the company do not follow the traditional leadership techniques and they just follow the situations and implement the strategies according to the situations. Most of the scholars of the world believe that the effective and the efficient leadership is that which is based on the tasks and then the leaders of the organizations try to accomplish those pre-set tasks within a given time limit.

Leadership & Change

The leaders are of different types. Some leaders allow their staff and the subordinates to involve in the decision making approach and the decision making process while some believe that the leadership and the decision making command should be in the control of the managers or the leaders of the company. In the autocratic style of the leadership, the leaders of the companies allow to their employees and the subordinates to take decision in the shape of the dictations given by the leaders or the managers of the companies. While in the democratic or the participative style of the leadership, the leaders of the companies give permission to their subordinates and the employees of the organizations to participate I the decision making approach for the betterment of the company. While in the delegative style of the leadership, the leaders of the company, the leaders or the managers of the companies give the responsibilities to some of their trust worth employees and then they monitor the situations. While in the free reign, the leaders give full permission to the staff and the employees to take the decision according to their own wish and the situation. The following diagram is completely showing the circumstances and the situations of the leadership and management styles.

The delegative style is similar like the free reign style of the leadership but it is a bit different in the sense of the authority. In the delegative style, the leaders allow to the employees to take decisions and then they monitor the performance of the employees while in the free reign style of the leadership, the managers give fully permission to the employees to take decisions on their behalf. These all kinds or the styles of the leadership can be adopted by the leaders to create the better strategy

10

Leadership & Change

for the company and every leader has a unique characteristics as compared to other leaders and therefore, the style and the method of every leader is different and unique from other leaders in the decision making approach. Conclusion Leaders can formulate and implement the strategy in an appropriate manner. A true and effective leader is that who can understand the positive and the negative aspects of the strategy. The basic need and the requirement of the formulation of the strategy in an organization are to explore the market and compete the rivals in an excellent manner. Some says that leaders are by born while majority of the scholars say that the leaders are the continuous learners and they learn with the passage of time by their mistakes and the experience of their life. In the democratic change management style, the manager or the head of the organization distributes the responsibilities and the tasks among the staff members and the different employees of the different departments. According to Faraday (2009), the managers of the companies give dictations to their staff and subordinates to perform their functions up to the optimum level. The manager dictates the given tasks to the lower staffs and the employees of the organization and then the employees and the subordinates become bound to accomplish the given task within a specific given time. The management and the employees of the organizations learn from their mistakes and the effective management and the leadership always try to adopt the positive change for the betterment of the organizations.

11

Leadership & Change

Bibliography Allot, P (2008), Leadership Stryles, Sage Publications, London Bravo. (2006), "Change Management", Leaders Performance, Vol. 13 pp.65-76. Faraday, A, (2009), "Management Styles: Resistance to change", Trait Bulletin, Vol. 05 pp.29-39. Russell, A. (2009), "leadership theories": Social Bulletin, Vol. 37 pp.1028-33. Stephen. P. Robbins, (2007), Behavioural Organization,4th Edition,: Prentice hall, London Available: www.businessball.com accessed at 5th May, 2011