DATA SHEET: REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN COMPLY WITH

BS8110:1997
A. Design Formulae for R.C. Structures (Based on BS8110: 1997)
A1. Lever Arm (Singly reinforced section)
Z = d*[0.5+(0.25-K/0.9)]<=0.95d
A2. Bending Reinforcement
K=M/(b*d*fcu)
As=M/(0.95*fy*Z)
For d/x<0.37, compressive stress = 0.95*fy
For moment redistribution<10% and K>=0.156, compression steel
required.
As = [(K-0.156)*b*d*fcu]/[0.95*fy*(d-d)]
As = (0.156*fcu*b*d)/(0.95*fy*z)+As and z=0.775*d
Min. 100As/(b*h) = 0.18 for bw/b < 0.4
Min. 100As/(b*h) = 0.13 for bw >= 0.4
Max. 100As/(b*h) = 4.0
Min. 100As/(b*h) = 0.2, max. 100As/(b*h) = 4.0
A3.1 Bending Moments for Two-way Spanning Simply Supported
Slabs
msx = *n*x, and msy = sy*n*x
A3.2 Bending Moments for Restrained Two-way Spanning Solid
Slabs
msx = sx*n*x, and msy =sy*n*x
A3.3 Loads on Supporting Beams of Restrained Two-way Slabs
Vsx=vx*n* x
A4. Deflection
mt = 0.55 + (477-fs)/[120*(0.9+M/(b*d)]<=2,
fS = (2*fy*As,req)/(3*As,prov)*1/b

mc = 1 + [(100*As,prov)/(b*d)][3+(100*As,prov)/(b*d)]<=1.5
A5.1 Shear Reinforcement for Beam & Slab
Asv/Sv=[b(v-vc)/0.95*fyv], Asv/Sv=(0.4*b)/(0.95*fyv)
A5.2 Punching Shear Reinforcement for Slab
Asv*sin>=[(v-vc)*u*d]/(0.95*fyv), where v<=1.6*vc
or Asv*sin>=[5*(0.7*v-vc)*u*d]/(0.95*fyv), where 1.6*vc<v<=2*vc
in either case Asv*sin>=(0.4*u*d)/(0.95*fyv)
vc={0.79*[100*As/(b*d)/(b*d)]*(400/d)}/m, where m=1.25
100As/bd should not be taken as greater than 3;
400/d should not be less than 1;
For characteristic concrete strengths greater than 25N/mm, the
values of vc may be multiplied by (fcu/25) . The value of fcu should
not be taken as greater than 40.
Note: All the terms and symbols should bear their usual meanings.
Table 1: Lever Arm factor (b>0.9)
0.05
0.06
0.07
0.08
0.09
K=M/bd <=0.0
43
fcu
0.950
0.94
0.92
0.91
0.90
0.88
=z/d
1
8
5
1
7

Table 2: Area of Steel Reinforcement

Steel Reinforcement
Bar Size Area of one bar
(mm)
8
50.3
10
78.5
12
113
16
201
20
314
25
491
32
804
40
1257

0.10

0.11

.012

0.13

0.14

0.15

>=0.1
56

0.87
3

0.85
7

0.84
2

0.82
5

0.80
7

0.78
9

0.775

Table 3: Area of Steel Reinforcement Per Meter

Steel Reinforcement Area per
Bar
Spaci
ng in
mm
Bar 100
125
150 175
Siz
e
8
503
402
335 287
10 785
628
524 449
12 1131
905
754 646
16 2011
1608 134 114
0
9
20 3142
2513 209 179
4
5
25 4909
3927 327 280
3
5
32 8042
6434 536 459
2
6
40 12566 1005 837 718
3
8
1

one meter (mm/m)

200

225

250

275

300

350

251
393
565
100
5
157
1
245
4
402
1
628
3

223
349
503
894

201
314
452
804

183
286
411
731

168
262
377
670

144
224
323
574

139
6
218
2
357
4
558
5

125
7
196
4
321
7
502
7

114
2
178
5
292
5
457
0

104
7
163
6
268
1
418
9

898
140
3
229
8
359
0

Table 4: Asv/Sv ratio for Shear Link

Asv/Sv ratio for Shear Link(2legs)
Link
80 10 12 15 17 20 22 25 27 30 32 35
Size
0
0
5
0
5
0
5
0
5
0
5
0
(mm)
1.25 1.00 0.80 0.67 0.57 0.50 0.44 0.40 0.36 0.33 0.30 0.28
8
7
5
4
0
4
3
7
2
6
5
9
7
10
12
16

1.96
4
2.82
7
5.02
7

1.57
1
2.26
2
4.02
1

1.25
7
1.81
0
3.21
7

1.04
7
1.50
8
2.68
1

0.89
8
1.29
3
2.29
8

0.78
5
1.13
1
2.01
1

0.69
8
1.00
5
1.78
7

0.62
8
0.90
5
1.60
8

0.57
1
0.82
3
1.46
2

0.52
4
0.75
4
1.34
0

0.48
3
0.69
6
1.23
7

0.44
9
0.64
6
1.14
9

Table 5 Sectional areas for different fabric types

Fabric
Longitudinal wires
Cross wires
referen Wire
Pitch
Area
Wire
Pitch
ce
size(mm) (mm)
(mm/m size(m) (mm)
m)
Square mesh
A393
10
200
393
10
200
A252
8
200
252
8
200
A193
7
200
193
7
200
A142
6
200
142
6
200
A98
5
200
98
5
200
Structural mesh
B1131
12
100
1131
8
200
B785
10
100
785
8
200
B503
8
100
503
8
200
B385
7
100
385
7
200
B285
6
100
285
7
200
B196
5
100
196
7
200
Long mesh
C785
10
100
785
6
400
C636
9
100
663
6
400
C503
8
100
503
5
400
C385
7
100
385
5
400
C283
6
100
503
5
40
Wrapping mesh
D98
5
200
98
5
200
D49
2.5
100
49
2.5
100
Reproduced from Reinforced Concrete Design, fifth Edition,
Mosley, J.H. Bungey & R. Hulse.

Area
(mm/
m)
393
252
193
142
98
252
252
252
193
193
193
70.8
70.8
49
49
49
98
49
W.H.

Notation:
vc= 100*effective reinforcement area/(u*d), where u is the outer
perimeter of the zone considered;
d is effective depth(d) the average effective depth for all
effective reinforcement passing through a perimeter.
m partial safety factor for load.
fcu characteristic strength of concrete
fy characteristic strength of reinforcement.
fyv characteristic strength of link reinforcement.
As area of tension reinforcement.
As area of compression reinforcement.
Asv cross sectional area of shear reinforcement in the form of
links
b width of effective width of the section or flange in the
compression zone.
bw average web width of a flanged beam.
d effective depth of the tension reinforcement.
d' depth to the compression reinforcement.
M design ultimate moment.
x depth to the neutral axis.
z lever arm.
b the ratio: (moment at the section after redistribution)/(moment
at the section before redistribution)
K=0.156 where redistribution does not exceeding 10% (this
implies a limitation of the neutral axis depth to d/2) or
K = 0.402 (b-0.4)-0.18(b-0.4) where redistribution exceeds
10%; and K= M/bdfcu.
x length of short side
y length of linger side.
msx maximum design ultimate moment either over supports or at
mid-span on strips of unit width and span x.
msy maximum design ultimate moment either over supports or at
mid-span on strips of unit width and span y.
x sagging moment in the san, per unit width, in the direction of
the shorter span, x divided by nx.
y sagging moment in the span, per unit width, in the direction of
the longer span, y divided by nx.

Sv spacing of links along the member.

v shear stress.
vc ultimate shear stress in concrete.