Discourse analysis

Seven text criteria

By

RISKI ADE PUTRA

FACULTY OF EDUCATION AND TEACHERS TRAINING LANCANG KUNING UNIVERSITY 2011/2012

Introduction

In this paper, I want to analyze an article based on seven text criteria by Beaugrande and Dressler (1981). They are cohesion, coherence, intentionality, acceptability, informativity, situationality, and intertextuality. The title is Using a Class Newspaper to Improve Writing Skills in a Multicultural Classroom by Julie Simpson. Research Problem The aim of this study is to analyze the seven text criteria in article of Using a Class Newspaper to Improve Writing Skills in a Multicultural Classroom by Julie Simpson The specific reseacrh question posed this study are: 1. What are the seven text criteria in the article? 2. How are the seven text criteria implemented by writer in the article Methodology Observation In this study, the researcher investigate about the seven text criteria in an article. Instrument The instrument that the researcher use to analysis data are text from article. Finding and Analysis 1) COHESION a) Deixis Personal deixis: -I teach Spanish for Fluent Speakers (P2, L1) -I have two classes of Spanish for Fluent Speakers (P3, L1) -It is to help these students improve (P3, L13) -She believes that there is a need for Change (P6, L5)

Spatial deixis : -This study looks at a group (P1, L1) -The project explores whether these approaches (P1, L4)

-The researcher finds that students (P1, L5) -There are 20 students in each class (P3, L1)

Temporal deixis : -Then experimented with different brainstorming (P16, L6) -When asked what they would do differently next time (P26, L12)

b) Grammatical cohesion Anaphora : -It (newspaper) is to help these students improve their reading (P3, L13) - It (e-mails, cards, and letters) is more casual and they (P15, L4) - It (newspaper) worked for reluctant writers in her classroom (P16, L3)

Cataphora : -This study looks at a group (P1, L1) -This will play an important role in my research (P7, L13) -This is my first year teaching (P11, L1)

c) Substitution:

-realized that if I wanted (P15, L7) -find out if student attitudes (P26, L1)

d) Ellipsis:

-This will play an important role in my research because Control is an important issue, particularly in middle school. (P7, L13) - I want to know which writing strategies will motivate these students (P4, L2)

e) Conjunctions: Additive : -checklists and technology (P1, L4) -In addition, the researcher finds that students (P1, L5) -writing samples and attitudes (P1, L7) -In addition to choosing their own topic (P22, L1) Adversative: -But first I had to solve the blank page problem (P16, L4) -But I do get supplemental reading magazines In Spanish from Scholastic News (P12, L2) Temporal : -Open through brainstorming and then to cluster (P22, L3) -Finally, technology seemed to be my biggest challenge with the class newspaper project (P37, L1) Casual : -My eye because I hear that same expression (P7, L3) -My research because control is an important issue (P7, L14) -To practice writing because it is difficult and complex (P8, L4) -Because they are not (P9, L3) - lot of money and so my family is proud of me (P13, L15)

f) Lexical cohesion: Repetition : - Can a class newspaper be used to motivate student writers? This study looks at a group of language minority student reluctant to write in their native language. (P1, L) Synonym :-

Super ordinates : -students struggling with writers block can write notes in an outline format, ask other students what they have found helpful in overcoming writers block, or work on a different task or activity for a while and get back to the writing assignment. She states that students are usually more motivated and engaged with writing assignments when they choose their writing genres. (writing) (L7, P9). - I try to incorporate listening, speaking, reading and writing. (Skills) (P3, L4) General words

:-

2) Coherence

: -this study looks at a group of language minority student reluctant to write in their native language. (P1, L1) -The researcher finds that students are more motivated with a final product as their goal; Research compares student writing samples and attitudes before and after the newspaper project. (P1, L5)

3) Internationally

: -The purpose of this study was to identify what activities I could try in class to help prevent writers block. (P5, L3)

4) Acceptability

: -the article is acceptability to student of English department

5) Informativity

: - Pre reading: Using a Class Newspaper to Improve Writing Skills. - Post reading: this article about improve writing performance and compares student writing samples and attitudes before and after the newspaper project.

6) Situationality

: -Can a class newspaper be used to motivate student writers? (P1, L1) - The students level of proficiency in reading and writing in their native language vary greatly, but all the students need to improve their writing skills. (P4, L3)

7) Intertextuality

: - descriptive text.