Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
PRODUCT : COLOR - TV
Table of contents
Chapter 1. TV Standards
4. Understanding of Trouble Symptom-------------------- 5 5. Diagnosis of Trouble---------------------------------------- 7 6. Notes------------------------------------------------------------ 9 7. Color Television Circuit System------------------------- 10
Chapter 1. TV Standards
1. Introduction The first, color television system to be used for a public broadcast service was the CBS(Columbia Broadcasting System) field sequential system which was adopted in the United States in 1951. The CBS system was subsequently replaced by the NTSC(National Television System Committee) system which transmits all three primary signals simultaneously. The NTSC system has been used for public broadcasting on the USA since December 1953.
The NTSC system, which operates on a 60HZ field and 525 Scanning lines, is designed to be compatible with the monochrome TV system in the US. The width of the video zone is 4.5MHz and the width of the channels is 6MHz. This system has been adopted in the USA, KOREA,CANADA,JAPAN and other countries, and particularly where the utility electricity mains supply frequency is 60Hz.
The PAL system was proposed by W.Bruch of Germany, PAL is stand for "Phase Alternation by Line". This system was adopted by many European Countries and public broadcasting began in 1967 in Germany. This system is almost the same as the NTSC system for the color TV signals, but differs in the fact that the signal are inversed by 180 at every horizontal scanning line, therefore using a 1H delay line in the color receiver, suing a 625 line, 50 field.
The SECAM system broadcast service began in FRANCE in 1967 which was officially adopted by France, USSR and other countries. The SECAM is stand for "Sequential couleurs A Memoire" This system operates on a 625 lines, 50 fields, was based on the two distinguishing features of the system, the use of segmental color signals a memory device, the memory device took the from of a 1H delay line in the receiver. This system has disadvantages in the parts of phase divergence and cross talk(leakage of signals) because of the way that the color signals,divided into two,are simultaneously transmitted.
TV SYSTEMS STANDARD
FORMAT NTSC FEATURE SCAN LINES (H) H-FREQ (KHZ) V-FREQ (HZ) PICTURE PER SEC INTERLACED SCANING ASPECT RATIO VIDEO MODULATION SOUND MODULATION (KHZ) VIDEO BAND (MHZ) SOUND CARRIER (MHZ) CHANNEL BAND (MHZ) COLOR CARRIER (MHZ) 525 15.734 59.94 29.97 2:1 4:3 AM FM25 4.2 4.5 6 3.579545 USA, COUNTRY JAPAN, KOREA STANDARD SPEC FCC 625 15.625 50 25 2:1 4:3 AM FM50 5 5.5 7 4.433618 GERMANY, W-EUROPE CHINA, CCIR 625 15.625 50 25 2:1 4:3 AM + AM 60% 6 6.5 8 R=4.40625,B=4.25 FRANCE, E-EUROPE, CIS CCIR PAL SECAM
2. TREND OF TROUBLE
TV receiver is composed of a great many components and the number of which can be different in accordance with each model. But even that only one of its composed components is trouble, the TV receiver doesn't operate normally. The lower the ratio of generating the trouble and the less the number of composed components are used, the higher the reliability of the receiver is assured. When using a receiver mode of vacuum tube the trend of trouble increases as time goes by, but as transistor and IC make an appearance and the used components decrease considerably be means of employing the integrated circuits,considerable decreasing of trouble is resulted. Recently,trouble-shooting which is required of exchanging the whole PCB as well as the troubled components serves as the assurance of reliability and the satisfaction of customer.
The diagnosis of trouble in TV receiver usually can be localized a major section by observing the symptom of it. That is, an efficient order of diagnosis, first divide the total into the two blocks and find the block in which the trouble occurs, and again divide the block into two more in detail, by this repeat procedures, localize to narrow section, and detect the component caused to be trouble.
The order of diagnosis is progressed as follows. 1) Observe the symptom of trouble 2) Presume the troubled circuit from the symptoms 3) Localize the trouble to a narrow section(circuit break down) 4) Find the troubled component and check 5) Replace it by a good part of the same specification. 6) Make sure the set is operated normally.
Localizing the trouble to one stage and a specific component generally should be required of test equipment such as the multimeter, oscilloscope, and pattern generator etc.. Just with a simple ohm-meter, test of opened-resistor and short-capacitor is possible once the trouble has been narrowed down a suspected component. It's summarized the relation of the symptom of trouble and its circuit.
5. DIAGNOSIS OF TROUBLE
Generally because the TV circuits are composed of so many components it's not easy to cover the wide range of total parts. Therefore you should presume the location of trouble by dividing the circuit into the narrow section. When trouble-shooting is carried out, the multimeter and oscilloscope are mainly used and by checking the voltage and waveform of each terminal the troubled component can be detected. Above all it's very important to accumulate the experience of repair through trial and error understanding the flow path of signals. 5.1 DIAGNOSIS OF PASSIVE COMPONENTS (RLC) Opening, short of R,L and C or reduction of capacitance value can be checked with a simple tester, and only opening test can be also achieved by connecting a good part with parallel. Poor insulation and short test should be done with a tester after turning the power off.
While, It is required of alternative testing, which measures the value alternativery by changing the probe direction of tester, because low value may be read due to the influence of short components. In this case the larger one is selected out of measured values. In case that it is difficult to determine whether the part is poor or not due to the effect of other parts, check it after opening the lead.
In the transistor amplifier circuit, forward bias current, forward bias current flow across base and emitter, its forward voltage is, regardless of the type of transistor, about 0.7V in silicon TR and 0.2V in germanium TR. After measuring VB,VE,VC AND VBE, consider it as a normal if the following conditions are satisfied 1) VBE is about 0.6V(or 0.2V), that is, forward biased. 2) VB, VE and VC are within 20% of the value specified in circuit.
Determination of trouble is also done by checking the resistance across the base and emiter, base and collector, emitter and collector. That is, after measuring the forward and reverse resistance, if its difference is large it is a normal. If its difference is small, on the contrary, if its difference is large it is a possible to check it by the short test with a digital multimeter. 5.3 DIAGNOSIS OF IC CIRCUIT
In case the troubled circuit contains IC the reason of trouble can be IC itself or surrounding parts. For diagnosis, first compare the voltage of each terminal with the specification, if it
While as the reason of trouble, there is a case that the supply voltage is wrong and each terminal voltage of IC is wrong regardless of the normal supply voltage. In this case try to exchange IC after checking the surrounding components.
As above mentioned troubleshooting is completed by only charging the poor component for a good one, but in accordance with the circuit there can be a case which is required of readjustment of bias or frequency etc.. In a way of preventing the recurrence of trouble, knowledge of troubled reason is important.
6. NOTES
Remarkable items are described in below on troubleshooting, especially special attention should be paid to dealing with TR and IC as they are very weak to heat such as overcurrent and static electricity.
1) Turn the power off when soldering the component. 2) Don't short the circuit during operation as TR or IC can be destroyed. 3) Solder certainly the parts dealing with large power. 4) Use the specified components when changing. 5) Return the wire originally after troubleshooting. 6) Use the soldering iron grounded at the shim of it. 7) Have on the earth ring when dealing with IC or TR. 8) Don't touch the back side of PCB with a bare hand, especially take care for the part of high voltage.
AFT
SOUND DETECT
SOUND IF AMP.
SOUND FM DETECT
SOUND AMP.
SPK
TUNER
VIDEO IF
VIDEO DETE
VIDEO AMP
COLOR OUTPUT
CRT
AGC
BAND AMP
COLOR DEMOD.
DY COIL
ACC V-DEL AMP COLOR KILLER H-DEL AMP BURST AMP COLOR SYNC H-V SYNC H-OUT V-OUT
POWER
10
CN-001N
1. NO POWER
11
CN-001N
2. NO PICTURE
Check the waveform of I101 #46 NG : GO to the figure c OK : Go the figure d
1701 MICOM
12
CN-001N
3. NO SOUND
Check audio output signal of I101 #1 NG : Go to the figure e OK : Go to the figure f g
1701 MICOM
13
CN-001N
4. CH DON STOP T
Check the input signal conditions NG : Loss of signal or weak signal OK : Go to the figure h
14
CN-001N
5. NO COLOR
6. NO VERTICAL DEFLECTION
15
CN-001N
7. NO ON-SCREEN DISPLAY
16
ABNORMAL CHECK VOLTAGE AT (+) OF C805 (400V 120uF) 310Vdc AT 220V NORMAL ABNORMAL CHECK/REPLACE F801 FUSE(F4AH 250V) CHECK/REPLACE I801(STR-F6653) & PERIPHERAL COMPONENT ABNORMAL
NORMAL CHECK HEATER VOLTAGE, VIDEO B+(185V) LINE, 11V & 45V LINE
NORMAL
CHECK POWER SWITCHING VOLTAGE AT PIN 63 OF I501 *POWER ON : HIGH *STAND-BY : LOW NORMAL ABNORMAL
OK
ABNORMAL CHECK VOLTAGE(+3.3V DC) AT PIN 61 & 56 OF I501 CHECK/REPLACE D840 (1N4148) D830 (BYV95C) NORMAL ABNORMAL CHECK SDA(PIN 3) & SCL(PIN 2) WAVEFORM OF I501
NORMAL
OK
ABNORMAL
CHECK/REPLACE X502(12MHz)
17
CP-185
ABNORMAL
NORMAL
ABNORMAL ABNORMAL
NORMAL
CHECK WAVE FORM AT PIN 50, 51, 52, 53 OF I501 CHECK / REPLACE SAW FILTER (SF01)
NORMAL
ABNORMAL
NORMAL
OK
18
CP-185
CHECK VERTICAL Vcc 11V AT PIN3 & 45V AT PIN6 OF I301(TDA 8357J)
NORMAL ABNORMAL
NORMAL
ABNORMAL
ABNORMAL
OK
19
CP-185
4. NO SOUND ( PICTURE OK )
ABNORMAL
NORMAL
ABNORMAL
NORMAL
NORMAL
( SECAM L/L )
CHECK SIGNAL WAVEFORM AT PIN1,PIN8 & PIN16 OF I101(TDA9830) CHECK VOLTAGE 8V AT PIN14 OF I101
NORMAL
ABNORMAL
ABNORMAL
NORMAL OK
NG
NORMAL
NORMAL
OK
20
CP-185
ABNORMAL
NG OK
NG
ABNORMAL
NORMAL
OK
OK
21
ABNORMAL CHECK VOLTAGE AT (+) OF C805 (400V 120uF) 310Vdc AT 220V NORMAL ABNORMAL CHECK/REPLACE F801 FUSE(F4AH 250V) CHECK/REPLACE I801(STR-F6653) & PERIPHERAL COMPONENT ABNORMAL
NORMAL CHECK HEATER VOLTAGE, VIDEO B+(185V) LINE, 11V & 45V LINE
NORMAL
CHECK POWER SWITCHING VOLTAGE AT PIN 63 OF I501 *POWER ON : HIGH *STAND-BY : LOW NORMAL ABNORMAL
OK
ABNORMAL CHECK VOLTAGE(+3.3V DC) AT PIN 61 & 56 OF I501 CHECK/REPLACE D840 (1N4148) D830 (BYV95C) NORMAL ABNORMAL CHECK SDA(PIN 3) & SCL(PIN 2) WAVEFORM OF I501
NORMAL
OK
ABNORMAL
CHECK/REPLACE X502(12MHz)
22
CP-385
ABNORMAL
NORMAL
ABNORMAL ABNORMAL
NORMAL
CHECK WAVE FORM AT PIN 50, 51, 52, 53 OF I501 CHECK / REPLACE SAW FILTER (SF01)
NORMAL
ABNORMAL
NORMAL
OK
23
CP-385
NORMAL
ABNORMAL
ABNORMAL
OK
24
CP-385
4. NO SOUND ( PICTURE OK )
NORMAL
ABNORMAL
ABNORMAL
NORMAL NORMAL
NORMAL
ABNORMAL
NORMAL OK
NG
NORMAL
NORMAL
OK
25
CP-385
ABNORMAL
NG OK
NG
ABNORMAL
NORMAL
OK
OK
26
ABNORMAL CHECK VOLTAGE AT (+) OF C805 (400V 180uF) 310Vdc AT 220V NORMAL ABNORMAL CHECK/REPLACE F801 FUSE(F4AH 250V) CHECK/REPLACE I801(STR-F6653) & PERIPHERAL COMPONENT ABNORMAL
NORMAL CHECK HEATER VOLTAGE, VIDEO B+(185V) LINE, 14V & 45V LINE
NORMAL
CHECK POWER SWITCHING VOLTAGE AT PIN 63 OF I501 *POWER ON : HIGH *STAND-BY : LOW NORMAL ABNORMAL
OK
ABNORMAL CHECK VOLTAGE(+3.3V DC) AT PIN 61 & 56 OF I501 CHECK/REPLACE D840 (1N4148) D830 (BYV95C) NORMAL ABNORMAL CHECK SDA(PIN 3) & SCL(PIN 2) WAVEFORM OF I501
NORMAL
OK
ABNORMAL
CHECK/REPLACE X502(12MHz)
27
CP-785
ABNORMAL
NORMAL
ABNORMAL ABNORMAL
NORMAL
CHECK WAVE FORM AT PIN 50, 51, 52, 53 OF I501 CHECK / REPLACE SAW FILTER (SF01)
NORMAL
ABNORMAL
NORMAL
OK
28
CP-785
NORMAL
ABNORMAL
ABNORMAL
OK
29
CP-785
4. NO SOUND ( PICTURE OK )
NORMAL
ABNORMAL
ABNORMAL
NORMAL NORMAL
NORMAL
ABNORMAL
NORMAL OK
NG
NORMAL
NORMAL
OK
30
CP-785
ABNORMAL
NG OK
NG
ABNORMAL
NORMAL
OK
OK
31