Expectancies Objectives After the lesson the students will be able to: Define and describe what is stress

ess Analyze the characteristics of stressful events Reflect on how stress affects their lives and health

Subject Matter Stress References Introduction to Psychology by Pages 477-483 Instructional Materials Projector Laptop Video clip Photos of people manifesting stress Daily Routine Review Recall about the Stages of Piagets Theory: Cognitive development in childhood. Recall: Sensorimotor stage Preoperational stage Concrete Operational stage Formal operational Stage What are the alternatives to Piagets Theory? Information- Processing Approaches Knowledge Acquisition Approaches Sociocultural Approaches Motivation Play a video clip. Students will watch carefully and reflect on what they will see. Present photos of people that are sad, sick, lonely, depressed and STRESS. The class will divide into 5 groups and each group composing of 5 members. Instruction: The students will discuss in their group what things, events, or situations make them feel stress.

Then they will describe themselves when they are in the verge of stress. One of their members will list down all their answers and will sum it up. Then he or she will enumerate it in front. Lesson Proper We all experience stress occasionally. Students get stressed as well as professors. When we quarrel with our friend or parents we feel stress. When the exam is near we get stress. When we feel the pressure of work and task we automatically get stressed. Things that pressure us are present in our everyday lives. The traffic when we go to school, the noise, the pollution, the excessive workloads. These too make us feel stress. There is what we call major stressful events such as death of a relative or a natural disaster. Exposure to these stressful events may result to painful emotions. We feel the anxiety and depression. Stress may also lead to physical illnesses. But, every human being is different that is why we approached stressful events differently. Some may be negatively affected by the stressful event that will cause to serious psychological or physical problems while others may take it as a challenge to them. Stress may develop nervous breakdown people if they do not know how to cope up properly in stressful events that is why some celebrity commit suicide because of the pressure they get from the attention of public life. What is the definition of stress? Stress occurs when people are faced with events they perceive as endangering their physical or psychological well being. These events are called STRESSOR. And the peoples reaction to that event is called STRESS RESPONSE. The study of stress and other social, psychological, and biological factors come together to contribute to illness is known as BEHAVIORAL MEDICINE or HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY. What are the characteristics of stressful events? Innumerable events create stress in our lives. Some are major events affecting large number of people like war, nuclear accidents and earthquakes. Others are major changes in life of individuals examples are moving to a new place, losing a friend, getting married, changing jobs, and having serious illnesses. Events that are perceived as stressful usually fall into one or more of the following categories: 1. Traumatic events- situations of extreme danger that are outside the range of usual human experience. Example: natural disasters, man-made disasters, catastrophic events, and physical assaults. 2. Uncontrollable events- the more uncontrollable the event seems, the more likely it perceived as stressful. One obvious reason why these are stressful is that if we cannot control them, we cannot stop them for happening. Examples: death of a loved one, being laid off of work, or serious illness. 3. Unpredictable events- being able to predict the occurrence of a stressful event- even if the individual cannot control it- reduces the severity of the stress. Example: serious illness 4. Events that challenge the limits of our capabilities and self concept- some situations are controllable and predictable, but are stool experienced as stressful because they push us to the

limits of our capabilities and challenge our views of our selves. Example: final exam week. Although we enter some pressure situations enthusiastically and joyfully, they still may be stressful. Example: Marriage. Any change in life that requires numerous readjustments can be perceived as stressful. 5. Internal conflicts- stress can also be brought about by internal processes- unresolved conflicts that may be conscious and unconscious. Conflict occurs when a person must choose between incompatible, or mutually exclusive, goals or courses of action. Conflict may also arise when two inner needs or motives are in opposition. In our society, the conflicts that are most pervasive and difficult to resolve generally occur between the following motives. 1. Independence versus dependence- when we face difficult situation we want someone to take care of us or solve our problems but we are taught that we must be responsible and stand on our own. In some instance we want to be independent but others force us to be dependent. 2. Intimacy versus isolation- the desire to be close to another person and to share our innermost thoughts and emotions may conflict with the fear of being hurt or rejected if we expose too much ourselves. 3. Cooperation versus competition- competitions begin in the early childhood among siblings, continues through school, and culminates in business and professional rivalry. At the same time, we are urged to cooperate and help others. 4. Impulse expression versus moral standards- sex and aggression are two areas in which our impulses frequently conflict with moral standards, and violations of these standards can generate feelings of guilt. Synthesis

STRESS

CHARACTERISTICS OF STRESSFUL EVENTS

MOTIVES

Evaluation Identify the following questions. 1. When we face difficult situation we want someone to take care of us or solve our problems but we are taught that we must be responsible and stand on our own. In some instance we want to be independent but others force us to be dependent. a. Intimacy versus isolation b. Impulse expression versus moral standards c. Independence versus dependence 2. Competition begins in the early childhood among siblings, continues through school, and culminates in business and professional rivalry. At the same time, we are urged to cooperate and help others. a. Intimacy versus isolation b. Impulse expression versus moral standards c. Cooperation versus competition 3. Sex and aggression are two areas in which our impulses frequently conflict with moral standards, and violations of these standards can generate feelings of guilt. a. Intimacy versus isolation b. Impulse expression versus moral standards c. Cooperation versus competition 4. The desire to be close to another person and to share our innermost thoughts and emotions may conflict with the fear of being hurt or rejected if we expose too much ourselves. a. Intimacy versus isolation b. Impulse expression versus moral standards c. Cooperation versus competition 5. The peoples reaction to stressful events is called? a. Stressors b. Stress Response c. Traumatic events 6. Occurs when a person must choose between incompatible, or mutually exclusive, goals or courses of action. a. Stress b. Conflict c. Traumatic events 7. Being able to predict the occurrence of a stressful event- even if the individual cannot control itreduces the severity of the stress. Example: serious illness a. Internal conflicts b. Unpredictable events c. Uncontrollable events 8. The more uncontrollable the event seems, the more likely it perceived as stressful. One obvious reason why these are stressful is that if we cannot control them, we cannot stop them for happening. Examples: death of a loved one, being laid off of work, or serious illness.

a. Internal conflicts b. Unpredictable events c. Uncontrollable events 9. Situations of extreme danger that are outside the range of usual human experience. Example: natural disasters, man-made disasters, catastrophic events, and physical assaults. a. Traumatic events b. Internal conflicts c. Events that challenge the limits of our capabilities and self concept 10. Some situations are controllable and predictable, but are stool experienced as stressful because they push us to the limits of our capabilities and challenge our views of our selves. Example: final exam week. Although we enter some pressure situations enthusiastically and joyfully, they still may be stressful. Example: Marriage. a. Traumatic events b. Internal conflicts c. Events that challenge the limits of our capabilities and self concept Generalization Stress can happen to anyone. It is inevitable. Anxiety and depression are the result of stressful events. Psychologist categorized the characteristics of stressful events. These are traumatic events, uncontrollable events, and unpredictable events, events that challenge the limits of our capabilities and self concept, and internal conflicts. The causes of stress vary from one person to the next. What is overwhelming to one person may be exciting and challenging to another. Conflict occurs when a person must choose between incompatible, or mutually exclusive, goals or courses of action. Conflict results to stress. Agreement/Assignment Read about the Psychological reactions to Stress Define these terms: Anxiety Anger and aggression Apathy and depression Cognitive impairment