Code No: RR412111 Set No.

1
IV B.Tech I Semester Regular Examinations, November 2007
DESIGN AND DRAFTING
(Aeronautical Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
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1. (a) Write equations of static equilibrium. Explain their importance in the analysis
of trusses.
(b) What are the various methods to analyze the trusses? Explain the method of
joints with the help of an example. [6+10]

2. A 24S-T extrusion of the shape shown in Figure 2b has dimensions of b1 = b2 =

b3 = 2.0-in and t1 = t2 = t3 = 0.2-in. Find the shearing stress and the angle of
twist if the section resists a torque of 100 in-lb and has a length of 20-in. Assume

(a) both ends free to warp and

(b) one end restrained from warping. [16]

Figure 2b
3. Write notes on the following: [8+8]

(a) Shock absorbers for landing gears

(b) Unorthodox undercarriage system.

4. (a) Where and which type of rivet heads & riveted joints are used during the
manufacturing of an aircraft?
(b) What are the merits and demerits of riveted joints over bolted joints? [8+8]

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Code No: RR412111 Set No. 1
5. (a) Explain the importance of standardization of bolts and nuts.
(b) Write the merits and demerits of bolted joints over riveted joints. [8+8]

6. Find the shear flows in all the webs of Figure 6 if the horizontal shearing force is
2000 kg. Each stringer has an area of 6.25 cm2 . [16]

Figure 6
7. Differentiate between the following with the help of sketches: [4+6+6]

(a) Prat and Warren Truss

(b) Failsafe and Safe life fuselage construction
(c) Monocoque and Semi-monocoque construction.

8. What are the various drafting software packages used to draft the aircraft compo-
nents? Explain the use of any package to draft the fuselage of a typical transport
aircraft. [16]

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Code No: RR412111 Set No. 2
IV B.Tech I Semester Regular Examinations, November 2007
DESIGN AND DRAFTING
(Aeronautical Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. (a) Write equations of static equilibrium. Explain their importance in the analysis
of trusses.
(b) What are the various methods to analyze the trusses? Explain the method of
joints with the help of an example. [6+10]

2. (a) What are tension and compression members? Explain their relevance in air-
craft structure design.
(b) Write a note on ‘combined stresses and stress ratios’. [8+8]

3. (a) What is meant by stroke of an undercarriage system and how is it determined?

[8]
(b) Write the merits and demerits of following homes for landing gears: [2×4]
i. In the wing
ii. In the podded fuselage.

4. (a) Show the different types of rivet heads with the help of labeled sketches along
with their application.
(b) Explain the various factors affecting the strength of a riveted joint. [8+8]

5. (a) Explain briefly the process of fusion welding along with its limitations and
applications in aircraft industry. [8]
(b) Sketch and explain the design features of following welded joints: [4×2]
i. Butt weld
ii. Plug weld
iii. Intermittent weld
iv. Tee weld.

6. For the Figure 6 each of the five upper stringers has an area of 2.5 cm2 and each
of the five lower stringers has an area of 5 cm2 . Find shear flows in all the webs, if
the vertical shearing force is 6000 kg. [16]

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Code No: RR412111 Set No. 2

Figure 6
7. Draft the center section of fuselage of a supersonic aircraft showing the various
components. Explain the importance of each component involved. What are the
guidelines followed during the design and drafting of fuselage center section? [16]

8. Which modeling technique can be used to model bulkheads and frames? Explain
the modeling procedure. [16]

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Code No: RR412111 Set No. 3
IV B.Tech I Semester Regular Examinations, November 2007
DESIGN AND DRAFTING
(Aeronautical Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. Find the loads in the two-force members OA, OB and OC of the structure shown
in Figure 1. [16]

Figure 1
2. Write notes on the following:

(a) Buckling of flat plates in compression.

(b) Effect of column end-fixity. [8+8]

3. (a) Broadly classify the shock absorbers and list their merits and demerits. [8]
(b) Explain the importance of following: [2×4]
i. Swivel gland
ii. Overcenter link.

4. A single riveted lap joint is used to connect two 8mm thick plates. Pitch of rivets
is 5cm and rivet diameter is 20mm. Find:

(a) tearing resistance of plate

(b) tearing resistance of plate along rivet centre line
(c) shearing resistance of rivets
(d) crushing resistance
(e) tearing, shearing and crushing efficiency

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Code No: RR412111 Set No. 3
(f) efficiency of the joint
(g) mode of failure if it has to take place.
Assume σs = 680 kg/cm2 , σt = 750 kg/cm2 and σcr = 1200 kg/cm2 . [16]

5. (a) How the symbolic representation of welds according to I.S. Code and their
representation on actual drawing is done? Show with the help of sketches.
(b) Find the maximum static load for a lap welded joint shown in Figure 5, when
[8+8]
i. the load acts parallel to the weld and
ii. the load acts normal to the weld. The stress for the weld is 790 kg/cm2 .

Figure 5
6. (a) Differentiate between low wing and high wing configuration with respect to
design and manufacturing point of view. [8]
(b) Explain the functions of the following with respect to wing structure: [4×2]
i. Ribs
ii. Stringers
iii. Spars
iv. Cutouts in ribs.

7. (a) Classify the fuselage construction. Sketch a sectioned view of monocoque

fuselage of a light weight aircraft showing the various structural members.
Explain the function of various structural members.
(b) What are the advantages and disadvantages of monocoque construction over
semi-monocoque construction? [10+6]

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Code No: RR412111 Set No. 3
8. Explain the desirable features of 2-D modeling software. How 2-D modeling can be
used to model the tail section of a typical fuselage? [16]

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Code No: RR412111 Set No. 4
IV B.Tech I Semester Regular Examinations, November 2007
DESIGN AND DRAFTING
(Aeronautical Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. Find the loads in all the members of truss shown in Figure 1 algebraically using
method of joints. [16]

Figure 1
2. Find the column strength of a 1.5-in by 0.049-in round alloy steel tube with a
length of 30-in. The steel is heat treated to an ultimate tensile strength of 18,000
psi. Assume end-fixity coefficient of 2. Critical slenderness ratio for this material
is 58.9. [16]

3. Show the various types of arrangements of undercarriage system with the help of
neat sketches. For which type of aircrafts are these arrangements used and why?
[16]

4. (a) Show the different ways in which a riveted joint can fail. What factors lead
to such failures?
(b) Which type of riveted joints are suggested for the following situations and
why? [8+8]
i. For joining two major a/c subassemblies
ii. For joining stringers with skin
iii. For joining frames with skin.

5. (a) Explain the initial stresses that can develop during the screw fastening for the
static loading.

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Code No: RR412111 Set No. 4
(b) A static load P = 20 tons is required to be carried by steel plates welded
together as shown in Figure 5b If the plates joined are 15mm thick, find the
width of the plate. Design stress for covered electrode is 950 kg/cm2 . [8+8]

Figure 5b
6. Consider a complete tension field beam shown in Figure 6 Draw free body diagram
for the stiffeners & flanges and plot axial loads in the flanges. Assume the tension
diagonal angle as 45o and t = 0.001m. [16]

Figure 6
7. (a) Classify the fuselage construction. Sketch a sectioned view of monocoque
fuselage of a light weight aircraft showing the various structural members.
Explain the function of various structural members.

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Code No: RR412111 Set No. 4
(b) What are the advantages and disadvantages of monocoque construction over
semi-monocoque construction? [10+6]

8. Explain the desirable features of 2-D modeling software. How 2-D modeling can be
used to model the tail section of a typical fuselage? [16]

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