1.

0 INTRODUCTION
Open-source software (OSS) is computer software that is available in source code form for which the source code and certain other rights normally reserved for copyright holders are provided under a software license that permits users to study, change, and improve the software.Open source licenses often meet the requirements of the Open Source Definition. Some opensource software is available within the public domain. Open source software is very oftendeveloped in a public, collaborative manner. Open-source software is the most prominentexample ofopen-source development and often compared to (technically defined) user-generated content or (legally defined) open content movements. The term open-source software originatedas part of a marketing campaign for free software.

Hardware is a general term for the physical artifacts of a technology. It may also mean the physical components of a computer system, in the form of computer hardware. The term open source hardware usually means that information about the hardware is easily

discerned.Hardware design (i.e. schematics, bill of materials and PCB layout data) in addition to the software that drives the hardware are all released with the open source approach.

Computer software or just software is the collection of computer programs and related data that provide the instruction stealing a computer what to do. The term was coined to contrast to the old term hardware (meaning physical devices). In contrast to hardware, software is in tangible, meaning it "cannot be touched". Software is also sometimes used in a more narrow sense, meaning application software only. Sometimes the term includes data that has not traditionally been associated with computers, such as film, tapes and records.

2.0 THE LATEST OPEN SOURCE OPERATING SYSTEM(OS) 2.1 Meaning of open source operating system (OS)
Open-source software (OSS) is operating system that is liberally licensed to grant the right of users to use, study, change, and improve its design through the availability of its source code. This approach has gained both momentum and acceptance as the potential benefits have been increasingly recognized by both individuals and corporate players.

Operating system (OS) is a set of software that manages computer hardware resources and provides common services for computer programs. The operating system is a vital component of the system software in a computer system. Application programs require an operating system to function.

Open source operating system is defined as an interface between hardware and user; it is responsible for the management and coordination of activities and the sharing of the limited resources of the computer which system acts as a host for applications that are run on the machine where is an approach to the design, development, and distribution of software, offering practical accessibility to a softwares source code.

2.2 Examples of open source (OS)

(a.)LINUX
Linux is a generic term referring to Unix-like computer operating systems based on the Linux kernel. Their development is one of the most prominent examples of free

and open source software collaboration; typically all the underlying source code can be used, freely modified, and redistributed by anyone under the terms of the GNU GPL and other free licenses.

(b.) MAC OS X
Mac OS X version 10.2 Jaguar is the third major release of Mac OS X, Apples desktop and server operating system. It superseded Mac OS X v10.1 code name Puma and preceded Mac OS X v10.3 Panther

3.0 THE LATEST OPEN SOURCE APPLICATION SOFTWARE 3.1 Meaning of open source application software
Application software is any tool that functions and is operated by means of a computer, with the purpose of supporting or improving the software user's work. In other words, it is the subclass of computer software that employs the capabilities of a computer directly and thoroughly to a task that the user wishes to perform.

Open source application software can defined as the general designation of computer programs for performing user tasks where is an approach to the design, development, and distribution of software, offering practical accessibility to a software source code.

3.2 Examples of open source application software

(a.) AVIRA 2012 AVIRA 2012 detects and removes more than 150,000 viruses, always among the winners of comparison test featured in computer journals, the resident Virus Guard serves to monitor file movements automatically, e.g. downloading of data from the internet, scanning and repair of macro viruses, protection against previously unknown macro viruses, safeguard against cost generating dial-up program, protection against Trojaner , worms, backdoors, jokes and other harmful programs, easy operation, Internet-Update Wizard for easy updating, Protection against previously unknown boot record viruses and master boot record viruses, Quality "Made in Germany",

and support is free of charge via Anti Vir Bulletin Board. Another example of open source application software is Arcavias. Arcavias is a free and open source ecommerce framework favoring speed and easy integration into existing applications. Due to its flexibility and speed, the framework can be used as base for highly customized and/or extremely huge shop installations. The first official release of the Arcavias core was 2012 and is licensed under the LGPL. The Arcavias ecommerce framework consists of the ecommerce software library, a desktop-like administration interface build on ExtJS and front-ends for the consumer that integrates into content management systems (CMS) or custom web applications. Both, the administration interface and the front-end can be exchanged by own implementations using the ecommerce library as foundation. Currently, a demo front-end based on Zend Framework exists and a plugin for the TYPO3 content management system is in development. The project was initiated by Meta ways Info systems GmbH who also provides services around Arcavias.

(b.) Open Office An office application set (for word processing, spreadsheet manipulation, picture drawing and data base access) compatible with all other major officeapplication sets such as Office and available for Windows and Mac as well as Linuxand other UNIX systems. Mail

(c.)Squirrel Mail

An email application (for reading and writing email through a web client program) supporting IMAP and SMTP and available for Windows and Mac as well as Linux and other UNIX systems.

4.0 THE LATEST DEVELOPMENT IN ICT 4.1Hardware

There are the latest development in ICT in hardware, Alienware M15X laptop is a brand new gaming laptop it has a dimensions 1.4910.1713.27 inches, it weight about 6.48 lbs, display 14 inch glossy edge to edge full HD display, operating system are Windows 7 Home Premium 64 bit, it has Processor Intel Core i7-2630QM quad core processor, RAM 8GB DDR31333, it has a hard disk capacity of 500 GB, and it has 1 year limited warranty. Compare with Alienware M14X laptop, it has Processor Intel Core i7-829QM Mobile, Operating System Window 7 Home Premium, Display Screen Size 15.6? Inch TrueLife WLED Display, Weight 4.08 Kg, Display Resolution 1920*1080 dpi, Mouse Touchpad, Processor Cache Memory 8192KB, RAM 4096MB, Hard Disk Drive 500GB, DVD Writer Drive, Battery Li-Ion, Video Display Card Integrated, GeForce GTX260M, Wifi 802.11a/g/n, Digital Media Reader 7, Video Card Memory Dedicated, Camera 2 Mega Pixel, and l Warranty Period One Year.

4.2 Software
The example of open source application software is GNOME 2.26 is the latest version of the GNOME Desktop, a popular, multi-platform desktop environment for your computer. GNOME focus is easy to use, stability, and first class internasionalisation and accessibility support. GNOME is free and open source software and provides all of the common tools computer users expect of a modern computing environment, such as e-mail, groupware, web browsing, file management, multimedia, and games. Furthermore, GNOME provides a flexible and powerful platform for software d evelopers, both on the desktop and in mobile apply. The GNOME desktop is released every six month and contains many new features, improvement, bug fixes, and translations. GNOME 2.26 continues this tradition. To learn more about GNOME and the qualities that distinguish it from other computer desktop environments (such as usability, accessibility,

internationalization, and freedom) visit the about GNOME page on our website. Join us today and see what a difference that you can make. GNOME 2.26 includes all of the improvements made in GNOME 2.24 and earlier. You can learn about the changes that happened in GNOME 2.24 from its release notes.

5.0 PREVASIVE COMPUTING 5.1 Meaning Of Pervasive Computing

Pervasive computing is refers to the use of computers in everyday life, including PDAs, smartphones and other mobile devices. It also refers to computers contained in commonplace objects such as cars and appliances and implies that people are unaware of their presence. One of the Holy Grails of this environment is that all these devices communicate with each other over wireless networks without any interaction required by the users. The two examples of the pervasive computing are Nokia E51 and Nokia E5512. (a.)The Nokia E51 The Nokia E51 is a GSM/WCDMA dual mode hand portable phone supporting EGSM 850/900/1800/1900, WCDMA 850/2100, HSDPA, WLAN, and VoIP. Nokia E51 features include a 2 QVGA (240 x 320 pixels) 16M color display and an integrated 2 Megapixel camera with digital zoom, MMS 1.2, web browsing and A2DP support for Bluetooth 2.0 stereo headsets.It has many local connectivity like Bluetooth 2.0+EDR, Bluetooth Stereo Audio, Infrared, Mini USB, Nokia AV 2.5mm, USB 2.0, USB Cable Nokia DKE-2, USB Mass Storage and WLAN. Its WLAN supports are 802.11 b/g, WEP,WPA, and WPA2 (AES/TKIP). Its also has bluetooths profile like A2DP, AVRCP, BIP, DUN, FTP, GAVDP, GOEP, HFP, HSP, OPP, and SAP. (b.)Nokia E55 Nokia E55 has 116 x 49 x 9.9 mm, 54 cc in dimension and 98 g in weight. It comes in Black Aluminum, White Aluminum, and Red in colour with standby up battery to 672 h (2G) / 432 h (3G). It has talk time up to 8 h (2G) / 6 h (3G) with music play up to 18 h. It has GPS with integrated 3month license for turn-by-turn navigation, even a fun gaming experience with N-Gage. In its operating system Symbian OS, S60 rel. 3.2, it also has CPU with ARM 11 600 MHz processor. Beside that, it available with 2G network like GSM 850 / 900 / 1800 / 1900 and 3G network like HSDPA 900 / 1900 / 2100. Nokia E55 come from Class 32 in GPRS. Its also has others benefit like HSDPA 850 / 1900 / 2100 for US and browser WAP 2.0/xHTML, HTML with messaging like SMS, MMS, and Email.

6.0 CONCLUSION
Today, most preschools and middle-class homes have a computer. Nikhil started at one, but today ten-month-old infants sit at the computer with mum or dad as part of the interactive parent-child programme at school.

Reference -http://www. Avira. Com -http://www. , Alienware. Com -http://www.wikipedia.com

THE LATEST OPEN SOURCE SOFTWARE AVAILABLE AND THE LATEST DEVELOPMENT IN ICT NAME : MOHAMMAD IYLIA BIN EZANEE : 960906-10-5617

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