ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS

UNIT-I 1

A flywheel of mass 10 kg and radius of gyration 200 mm is spinning about its axis, which is horizontal and is suspended at a point distant 150mm from the plane of rotation of the flywheel. Determine the angular velocity of precession of the flywheel. The spin speed of flywheel is 900rpm. What will be the effect of the gyroscopic couple on a disc fixed at certain angle to a rotating shaft? The rotor of the turbine of a ship makes 1500 rpm clockwise when viewed from the stern. The rotor has a mass of 800 kg and its radius of gyration is 300 mm. Find the maximum gyro- couple transmitted to the hull when the ship pitches with maximum angular velocity of 1 rad/s. How do the effects of gyroscopic couple and of centrifugal force make the rider of a two wheeler tilt on one side? Derive a relation for the limiting speed of the vehicle. June 2010 A flywheel having a mass of 20 kg and a radius of gyration of 300mm is given a spin of 500 rpm about its axis which is horizontal. The flywheel is suspended at a point that is 250mm from the plane of rotation of the flywheel. Find the rate of precession of the wheel Explain the gyroscopic effect on four wheeled vehicles. What do you mean by spin, precession and gyroscopic planes? Explain.
UNIT -II

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Explain static and dynamic force analysis of a planar mechanism. Explain static equilibrium. What is free body diagram? Explain the free body diagrams of four bar mechanism and slider crank mechanism. Discuss the conditions for equilibrium of two and three force members. In a four link mechanism the dimensions of the links are given below. Fixed link AD=500mm. Driving link AB=500 mm, Coupler BC=1000 mm, Driven link DC=750 mm, and DE=350 mm. The driving link is making an angle 120 with AD. The driven link is acted upon by a force of 80 N at 150 on link DC at E. Determine the input torque T on the link AB for the static equilibrium of the mechanism. In a slider crank mechanism the crank is making an angle of 45 with IDC. The crank and connecting rod lengths are 100 mm and 300 mm respectively. The driving moment on the crank is 50N-m. Determine the force on the slider that is necessary to be applied for the equilibrium of the linkages. In a slider crank mechanism the crank is making an angle of 120 with IDC. The crank and connecting rod lengths are 100 mm and 450mm respectively. If the force applied on the slider is 2 kN. Determine the input torque on the crank for the equilibrium of the linkages.

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State and explain DAlemberts principle. What do you mean by dynamical equivalent system? Explain. Discuss the effect of inertia force on the reciprocating engine mechanism by drawing the free body diagram of each link.
UNIT -III

Explain the three position synthesis of a slider crank mechanism. Describe the three position synthesis of a four bar mechanism. Write a short note on: i. Precision positions ii. Structural error iii. Chebychev spacing
UNIT -IV

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Describe with a neat sketch the working of a single plate friction clutch. Derive the expression for the torque transmitting capacity of single plate clutch by considering uniform pressure. Derive the expression for the torque transmitting capacity of single plate clutch by considering uniform wear. Which of the two assumptions, uniform intensity of pressure or uniform rate of wear, would you make use of in designing a friction clutch and why? A single plate clutch having both sides effective is required to transmit 30 kW at 1500 rpm. The outer diameter of the plate is limited to 300 mm, and the intensity of pressure between the plates is not to exceed 0.07 MPa. Assuming uniform wear and a coefficient of friction 0.35, determine the inside diameter of the plate. The engine of an automobile is rated to give 80 kW at 1800 r.p.m. and maximum torque 550 N-m. Design a dry single plate clutch assuming the outer radius of friction plate is 20% more than the inner radius. The intensity of pressure between the plates is not to exceed 80 KN/m. The coefficient of friction may be assumed equal to 0.25. The helical springs required by this clutch to provide axial force necessary to engage the clutch are six. If each spring has stiffness equal to 50 N /mm, Determine the initial compression in the springs and dimensions of the friction plate. A multi disc clutch has 5 plates having four pairs of active friction surfaces. If the intensity of pressure is not to exceed 127 KN/m. Find the power in KW transmitted at 500 rpm. If the outer and inner radii of friction surfaces are 125 mm and 75 mm respectively. Assume uniform wear and take coefficient of friction as 0.3 Derive the expression for the torque transmitting capacity of cone clutch by considering uniform wear. Determine the axial force required to engage a cone clutch transmitting 25 kW of power at 750 rpm. Average friction diameter of the cone is 400 mm, and average pressure intensity is 60 KN/m2. Semi cone angle is 100 and coefficient of friction is 0.25. Also find the width of the friction cone.

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An effective diameter of cone clutch is 75 mm. The semi-angle of the cone is 18. Find the torque required to produce slipping of the clutch if an axial force applied is 200 N. This clutch is employed to connect an electric motor running uniformly at 100 r.p.m. with a flywheel which is initially stationary. The flywheel has a mass of 13.5 kg and its radius of gyration is 150 mm. Calculate the time required for the flywheel to attain full speed and also the energy lost in the slipping of the clutch. Take coefficient of friction is 0.3. A centrifugal clutch has four shoes which slide radially in a spider keyed to a driving shaft and make contact with the internal cylindrical surface of a rim keyed to driven shaft. When the clutch is at rest, each shoe is pulled against a stop by a spring so as to leave a radial clearance of 5 mm between the shoe and the rim. The pull exerted by the spring is then 500 N. The mass centre of shoe is 160mm from the axis of the clutch. If the internal diameter of rim is 400 mm, the mass of each shoe is 8 kg, the stiffness of each spring is 50N/mm and coefficient of friction between the shoe and rim is 0.3.Find the power transmitted by the clutch at 500rpm. Find an expression for the braking torque for single shoe brake when the brake drum is rotating anti clockwise and the friction force is at a distance b above the fulcrum. a) A bicycle and rider of mass 100 kg are travelling at the rate of 16 km/h on a level road. A brake is applied to the rear wheel which is 0.9 m in diameter and this is the only resistance acting. How far will the bicycle travel and how many turns will it make before it comes to rest? The pressure applied on the brake is 100 N and = 0.05. b) Can a block brake become self locking? If so derive the condition for self locking. What do you understand by self-locking brake and self-energized brake? Should we have self-locking brake or self-energized brake? Justify your answer. The brake drum of a single block brake of diameter is 600 mm is rotating at 400 r.p.m as shown in fig. The operating force of 300 N is applied at the end of a lever. The angle of contact is 90and the coefficient of friction between the drum and the lining is 0.3. Determine the torque that may be transmitted by the block brake. Take a=60 mm, x=375 mm and l=825mm.

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A simple band brake is operated by a lever of length 450 mm. The brake drum has a diameter of 600 mm, and the brake band embraces 5/8th of the circumference. One end of the band is attached to the fulcrum of the lever while the other end is attached to a pin on the lever 120 mm from the fulcrum. The effort applied to the end of the lever is 2 KN, and the coefficient of friction is 0.30. Find the maximum braking torque on the drum

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A band and block brake, having 14 blocks each of which subtends an angle of 15 at the centre, is applied to a drum of 1 m effective diameter. The drum and flywheel mounted on the same shaft has a mass of 2000 kg and a combined radius of gyration of 500 mm. The two ends of the band are attached to pins on opposite sides of the brake lever at distances of 30 mm and 120 mm from the fulcrum. If a force of 200 N is applied at a distance of 750 mm from the fulcrum. Calculate 1. The maximum braking torque, 2. The angular retardation of the drum, and 3. The time taken by the system to come to rest from the rated speed of 360 r.p.m. The coefficient of friction between blocks and drum may be taken as 0.25. A car moving on a level road at a speed 50 km/h has a wheel base 2.8 meters, distance of C.G. from ground level 600 mm, and the distance of C.G. from rear wheels 1.2 meters. Find the distance travelled by the car before coming to rest when brakes are applied, 1. to the rear wheels, 2. to the front wheels, and 3. to all the four wheels. The coefficient of friction between the tyres and the road may be taken as 0.6. The following data refers to a car in which brakes are applied to the front wheels. Wheel base=2.8 m Centre of mass from rear axle=1.3 m Centre of mass above ground level=0.96 m Coefficient of friction between roads and tires=0.4 If the speed of the car to be 40km/hr, find the distance travelled by the car before coming to rest. When the car i. Moves up an incline 1 in 16 ii. Moves down an incline 1 in 16 iii. Moves on a level track. a) Classify dynamometers and explain function of one transmission type dynamometer. b) Distinguish between brakes and dynamometers. a) Distinguish between absorption dynamometer and transmission dynamometer. b) In a vertical belt transmission dynamometer the diameter of the driving pulley rotating at 1500 rpm is 80 mm. The centre distance of the intermediate pulleys from the fulcrum is also 80 mm each. The weighing pan on the lever is at a distance as 250 mm. Find the power transmitted when a mass of 20 kg is required in the pan.