Construct Validation of the Eating Behavior Checklist

Delma S. Robles De La Salle-College of Saint Benilde

 Cooper & Fairburn (1987) Eating Disorder

Examination (EDE) interview measures specific psychopathology of eating disorders including shape and weight
Fairburn & Beglin (1994) Eating Disorder Examination

Questionnaire (EDE-Q)- questionnaire version of the full length EDE interview; same 4 subscales: restraint, eating concern, shape concern and weight concern

 Garner (1995) Eating Disorder Inventory (EDI)

measures attitudes, feelings and behaviors common to anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa
Herman & Polivy (1980) Restraint Scale measures

weight fluctuation and subjective concern for dieting

Comparative Studies
Semi-structured interview
Wilson and Smith (1989)

- better instrument in assessment of bulimia nervosa

Pyle, Halvorson, Newman & Mitchell (1986)

- more accurate in identification of binge eating and fear of loss of control over eating behaviors

 Carter, Aime, & Mills (2001)

- showed higher scores in measuring binge and vomiting frequencies

Tanofsky-Kraff, Morgan, Yanovski, Marmarosh,

Wilfley & Yanovski (2003) - more accurate results

Self-report questionnaire
Fairburn & Beglin (1994)

-generated higher scores in the assessment of binge eating and body shape concerns Wilfley, Schwartz, Spurrell & Fairburn (1997) - showed greater levels of disturbance

 Black & Wilson (1998)

- more efficient in identifying eating disorder symptoms Field, Taylor, Celio & Colditz (2004) - more substantial results in assessment of bulimic behaviors among adolescents Wolk, Loeb, & Walsh (2005) - generates higher frequencies in assessing binge eating and other features such as vomiting and laxative use

 Fairburn, C. G., Walsh, T. B. & Sysko, R. (2005)

- EDE and EDE-Q yield similar assessments of eating disorder symptoms and change in symptoms after intervention

Objective of the Study

To develop and validate a brief self-report

questionnaire that assesses the presence of eating disorder symptoms and disordered eating patterns of college women

Participants
258 female college students Age range 15 to 26 (mean age 18.42) Mean height 53; Mean weight 118.89 Filipino 244; Chinese 6; Japanese 3;

Filipino-American 2; American 1;
Korean 1; Filipino-German - 1

Measures
Eating Attitudes Test (EAT26) 3 Subscales Dieting (13 items) Bulimia and Food Preoccupation (6 items) Oral Control (7 items)

Eating Behavior Checklist 4 Subscales Self Starvation (5 items) Food Restraint (6 items) Eating Concern (3 items) Bulimic Behaviors (4 items)

Procedure
EB Checklist and EAT26 were administered

individually and in small groups

Data Analysis
Descriptive statistics (subscales) Convergent validity Discriminant validity

Confirmatory Factor Analysis

Results Table 1
N Eating Behavior Checlist Self-Starvation Food Restraint Eating Concerns Bulimic Behaviors EAT 26 Diet Bulimia/Food Preoccupation Oral Control M SD 258 258 258 258 1.79 1.63 1.29 0.31 1.12 0.78 0.78 0.53

Cronbachs alpha

SS

FR

EC

BB

Diet

BFD

OC

0.8 0.65 0.23 0.58

--.55** .43** .55**

--.33** .41** --.27* * .57* * .43* * .23* *

--.57* * .45* * .30* *

258 258 258

0.53 0.18 0.43

0.55 0.34 0.47

0.86 0.71 0.64

.71** .45** .25**

.54** .32** .45**

--.62** .43** --.45** ---

Discriminant Validity of the EB Checklist and EAT26

M Eat large amount of food _Self-Starvation _Food Restraint _Eating Concerns _Bulimic Behaviors _Diet _Bulimia/Food Preoccupation _Oral Control Engaged in Binge Eating Self-Starvation _Food Restraint _Eating Concerns _Bulimic Behaviors _Diet Bulimia/Food Preoccupation Oral Control Yes 1.97 1.69 1.57 0.36 0.61 0.25 0.42 Yes 2.03 1.76 1.62 0.42 0.70 0.26 0.48

M No 1.68 1.59 1.12 0.28 0.49 0.14 0.43 No 1.69 1.58 1.15 0.26 0.46 0.15 0.41

t-value

df

2.07* 0.99 4.72** 1.21 1.75 2.57** -0.20

256 256 256 256 256 256 256

0.04 0.32 0.00 0.23 0.08 0.01 0.84

2.26* 1.71 4.66** 2.23* 3.28** 2.56** 1.15

256 256 256 256 256 256 256

0.02 0.09 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.01 0.25

Force Vomited _Self-Starvation _Food Restraint _Eating Concerns _Bulimic Behaviors _Diet _Bulimia/Food Preoccupation _Oral Control Pills/Laxatives _Self-Starvation _Food Restraint _Eating Concerns _Bulimic Behaviors _Diet _Bulimia/Food Preoccupation _Oral Control

Yes 2.72 2.17 1.41 1.15 1.06 0.41 0.64 Yes 2.75 2.14 1.56 0.80 0.89 0.19 0.51

No 1.70 1.58 1.28 0.23 0.48 0.16 0.41 No 1.67 1.57 1.26 0.25 0.49 0.18 0.42 5.16** 3.85** 1.99* 5.58** 3.84** 0.14 0.99 256 256 256 256 256 256 256 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.89 0.32 4.33** 3.52** 0.72 9.11** 5.04** 3.51** 2.25* 256 256 256 256 256 256 256 0.00 0.00 0.47 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.03

Treated for Eating Disorder _Self-Starvation _Food Restraint _Eating Concerns _Bulimic Behaviors _Diet _Bulimia/Food Preoccupation _Oral Control Attempted Suicide _Self-Starvation _Food Restraint

Yes 2.30 1.85 1.40 0.52 0.84 0.28 0.50 Yes 2.13 1.92

No 1.75 1.62 1.29 0.29 0.51 0.17 0.43 No 1.75 1.60 1.55 1.94* 256 256 0.12 0.04 1.90 1.18 0.54 1.61 2.31* 1.22 0.61 256 256 256 256 256 256 256 0.06 0.24 0.59 0.11 0.02 0.22 0.54

_Eating Concerns _Bulimic Behaviors _Diet _Bulimia/Food Preoccupation _Oral Control

*p<.05 **p<.01

1.26
0.52 0.63 0.19 0.46

1.30
0.29 0.52 0.18 0.43

-0.20
2.06* 0.95 0.20 0.31

256
256 256 256 256

0.84
0.04 0.34 0.84 0.76

Findings
Those who starve themselves adopt bulimic behaviors

and eat large amount of food when sad or depressed Those who engage in binge eating have less control over food intake Those who force vomit to lose weight are not preoccupied with food

 Those who take pills and laxatives exhibit less bulimic

behaviors Those who were treated for eating disorder engage in dieting Those who divulged that they have thought or attempted suicide were found to have bulimic behaviors and restrained food intake

 Descriptive statistics showed that the EB Checklist

measured the factors that it purports to evaluate Confirmatory Factor Analysis supports the construct validity of the two instruments. low internal consistencies of the subscales were found in the EB Checklist, as influenced by the small number of items for each subscale

Research Implications
how far most young womens self-esteem is attached

to their body weight, shape and size and what dieting or weight loss techniques they employ that may adversely affect their health how adolescent women cope with the pressure of media or society in achieving the ideal figure how disordered eating patterns may lead these young women to other self-destructive behaviors like drinking, smoking or self-injury

Thank You

 http://pemea.clubofficelive.com/Volume3_1.aspx http://pemea.clubofficelive.com/Volume4_1.aspx http://journalofresearchandreview.books.officelive.co

m/Volume2 1.aspx http://journalofresearchandreview.books.officelive.co m/Volume6 1.aspx

delma.robles@benilde.edu.ph