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102

KORYAK TEXTS

PUBLICATIONS
of the

American Ethnological Society Edited by FRANZ BOAS

VOLUME V

BY

WALDEMAR BOGORAS

E.

J.

BRILL, LIMITED
1917

PUBLISHERS AND PRINTERS

LEYDEN,
G. E.

STECHERT &

Co.,

NEW YORK,

AGENTS.

NOTE.
present volume was intended to include a collection of Kamchadal texts. Owing to the war, it has been impossible to

The

communicate with Mr. Bogoras and since the volume has been in type for over two years, it seems best
;

to publish the collection of

'

Koryak
to

texts alone.

There

is

some

inconsistency in spelling the verbal end-

ings -lin and as given here.

-len.

These ought
-lin

The forms
Koryak.

be read consistently and -len are incorrect.

this occurs,
it

There

is

no

in

Wherever

should

be read g.
EDITOR.
November, 1916.

I02_

PRINTEH BY

E. J.

BRILL,

LEYDEN (HOLLAND).

CONTENTS.
Page

INTRODUCTION
1.

Little-Bird-Man and

Raven-Man
.

12

2.

Big-Raven and the Mice

23

3.

The Mouse-Girls

32

4. 5.
6.
7.

How

a Small

Kamak

was transformed into a Harpoon-Line

Big-Raven and the Kamaks Krtu' and the Bumblebees

35 42

43
45 50
53

8. 9.

Eme'mqut's Whale-Festival Eme'mqut and ila'

How Eme'mqut
Ermine-People.
Ermine-People.

became a Cannibal
-I

10. 11.

Eme'mqut and Fox-Woman

58 62

12.
13. 14. 15.
1

--II Eme'mqut and the Kamaks Eme'mqut and Shellfish-Girl Eme'mqut and the Perches
Miti'

63 66
70

70
72

6.

17.
1

How

and Magpie- Man Big-Raven's Daughter was swallowed by a

,

Kamak

8.

19. 20.
2
1
.

The Kamak and his Wife Gull-Woman and Cormorant-Woman

Yini'a-nawgut and Kilu's Marriage with Fish-Man Big-Raven and Fox Eme'mqut and Envious-One T Big-Raven and Fish-W oman Chukchee

76 80 82

....

86 90
92

22. 23.

94
95 95

Koryak, Kamenskoye Koryak, Qare'nm Koryak, Lesna

24. Kflu'

96
97
97

Kamchadal and Monster-Man

Koryak, Kamenskoye Koryak, Paren Koryak, Qare'nm
.

99 100
101

102
[v]

VI

Page

APPENDIX
Songs

103

i3
II

APPENDIX

104 104
107 107 107 137
141

Constellations

VOCABULARY
Koryak
Stems
Suffixes

English

Prefixes

English Koryak Stems

142

ERRATA.
p.
p.

15, lines 4, 5, for "gei'liLin" read "gai'liLin." 50, line i, interlinear translation, for "that,

what was" read "with

that
p.

which was."

p.
p.

66, last line of footnote, for "bring" read "being." 74, line 26, for "ya'tti" read "ya'ti."
76, line 6, for
76, line 78, line
17, for
1

"mmtai'kir" read "mmtai'kin."

"tiyei'linin" read "tiyai'liiim."

p. p.
p.

8,

for "nenve'thicfim" read

82, title, for footnote reference

"nenve'thicnm." "'" read

"V

p.

82, footnote, for

"'" read

"V
text, for

p.
p. p. p. p.
p. p.

86, last line of footnote, for "part ii" read "part i."

91,

title,

93, 6th line

omit reference i. from bottom of

"
2

"came" read "come."

97, footnote, for

"

read

102, line 102, line 105,

n,
13,

for

for "Muu'tilkilat"

"neka'lkijat" read "neka'lkilat." read "MuLi'tilkilat."

text, for "carier"

3d

line

from bottom of

read "carrier."

p.

105, last line of text, for "kantc" read "kantcx."

INTRODUCTION.
was made as part of the field-work of the Jesup North Pacific Expedition of the American Museum of Natural History.

THE

collection of

Koryak

texts here published

space for the publication of all the linguistic material, which naturally forms one of the most important aspects of the work of the Expedition, the American Ethnological Society has
Since the

Museum

does not allow

sufficient

undertaken the publication of part of

it.

volume were collected by me between December, 1900, and April, 1901. While
texts

The

contained in

this

colleague in the ethnological work of the Expedition in northeastern Siberia, investigated the ethnology of the Koryak, I undertook the study of

Mr. Waldemar Jochelson,

my

their

language, because my practical knowledge and previous studies of the Chukchee language put me in a
position to acquire with ease a knowledge of the which is closely related to the Chukchee.
I

Koryak,

left

travelled to the village of

where
after

Anadyr country in December, 1900, and Kamenskoye, on Penshina Bay, met Mr. Jochelson. I staid with him one month,
the
I

which time

proceeded to the southeast, to the

eastern branch of the Koryak, and also visited the KamI chadal. travelled among these tribes for two months,
until

my

return to the

1901.

mouth of the Anadyr, on April considerable part of this time was spent
long
distances

8,

in

covering

the

between
or

the

villages,

the

journey bring
I

made by

reindeer

dog sledge and on

PUBL. AMER. ETHN. SOC. VOL. V.

of this territory had never been visited by any white man, not even by a single Russian trader, and I met camps and villages the inhabitants of

snowhsoes.

Some

parts

in these which did not even know the taste of brandy, countries, the foremost product of civilization, and the first

days of the journey between the Ke'rek region and Anadyr Bay 1 were spent in going without a guide through a country wholly uninhabited
to
arrive.
last

The

fifteen

for
far

the Ke'rek,

from their
hills

dogs, do not go very villages on the coast, and are unfamiliar

who have but few

with the

of the interior.

We

travelled up-stream along several small rivers that

flow into Bering Sea on the Ke'rek coast, and then, passing over the divide, followed the rivers that belong to the Anadyr system, and finally reached the first camps

This is the method of travelling of the Telqap Chukchee. adopted by the ancient cossacks, the conquerors of Siberia.

was not taken up by travel, and that was available for study, was devoted to an investigation of the languages of the Eastern Koryak and Kamchadal tribes. The study of the Koryak was the more extensive, owing to its closer affinity to the Chukchee in grammar
All the time that

be divided into two large the western branch, which includes the Maritime groups, of Penshina Bay and also the Reindeer Koryak Koryak and the eastern branch, which includes the Maritime
- ;

as well as in vocabulary. The Koryak dialects may

Koryak of Kamchatka, and

villages Reki'nnok,

also

the

inhabitants of the

Pustoretzk, and Podkaguirnoye, to the south of Parapolski Dol. These last belong ethnographito the Kamchatka Koryak, although they are counted cally

by the Russian Administration as belonging to the Gishiga district. The eastern branch includes also the Maritime
1

See map, Publications of the Jesup North Pacific Expedition, vol.

vii.

Koryak
Bay,

of the villages on the Pacific coast around Alutor and those of the Pacific villages still farther east.
apart,

The Ke'rek stand

and form perhaps a

third dialect,

although, on the whole, similar to the western branch. The most obvious point of difference between the two

branches
the
is

is

eastern

that the sound r, which occurs frequently in branch of the Koryak and in the Chukchee,
in

wholly

missing

the

western

branch,

and
,

is

there

s. The replaced either by y or (less frequently) by /, natives are well aware of this difference and in the tales
;

of the Penshina Koryak, as may be seen from the texts, the use of r in the pronunciation of certain words is
ascribed to evil
spirits.

The

inhabitants of villages
(i.

on the

rivers Vi'rnik, Poqa'c,

and Opu'ka
life

Ke'rek), explained to
In

between the Alutor Koryak and the me that, though leading the settled of sea-hunters, they belong by origin to the Reindeer
e.,

Koryak.
ciation.

proof of this they pointed to their pronunsaid,

They

"We

say yaya'na

(HOUSE),

and the

Alutor people say rar.a'na*

Instead of the classification "western and eastern groups," we might just as well have said "northern and southern

groups

;"

but

pronunciation the Chukchee,

prefer the former designation, because the of the eastern branch is nearer to that of

who

live to

the east.

language, in contrast to the Chukchee, which has almost no dialects, is furthermore divided into
several
villages,
in

The Koryak
local

dialects.

Each bay and

its
;

river,

with

its

few

has a dialect of

own, differing from the others

pronunciation and vocabulary and a dialect of Kamchatka may in some respects be nearer to a dialect of

Penshina Bay than to that of

its

immediate neighbor.

was collected chiefly in following the village of Kamenskoye (Koryak, Vai'kenan), on Penseries

The

of texts

shina Bay, with the help of Nicholas Vilkhin, Mr. JochelThe correct transcription of Koryak son's interpreter.

phonetics
Vilkhin,

offered

considerable

difficulty,

since

Nicholas

raised in Gishiginsk, of Paren (Koryak, Poi'tin). belongs by birth to the village Now, the dialects of Paren and Kamenskoye, though very

half-Russianized

Koryak

much alike, present several points of difference. Some of these are, that e of Paren is replaced by a in Kamenskoye The people of Kamenskoye are tk, by ft (cl] y, by s.
;
;

well acquainted with the Paren pronunciation, because the Thereintercourse between the villages is considerable. fore many of them, when talking with the interpreter,

would assume
avoid

his style of pronunciation.

have

tried to

confounding the two systems of pronunciation, but I am not sure that I have succeeded in doing so in all cases. Besides this, the rules of pronunciation, which are
strict

and consistent
all

in

the Chukchee language, are quite

dialects.

lax in

Koryak The harmony of vowels, which

in

the

exists in

Chukchee,

is

unstable

Koryak, and often

inconsistent.

Chukchee
.

has two groups of long vowels,

i e
e

(a)

u
o (e)

The vowels

of the

one group cannot be combined with

those of the other, either in single words or in compounds such as are in use in this group of languages. The other vowels of the Chukchee are short, obscure, and neutral.

Therefore they

may form

combinations with either group

of long vowels. In compounds, the vowels of the first are replaced by the corresponding vowels of the group second group whenever the word contains a single vowel

second group in any position whatsoever. There are also some stems containing only neutral vowels, which
of the

require the exclusive use of vowels second group in the other parts of the word.

nevertheless

of the

In

Koryak, with
,

its

a to

this

pair of vowels

constant dialectical changes from is excluded from the action of

the vocalic

harmony
as

considered

just described, and both a and e are neutral. Thus, in the dialect of Kamen-

skoye, nu'tamit (EARTH) changes in the dative to notai'tin.

The two remaining

prevailing

pairs (i-e^ u-d] also admit many exceptions, in contrast to the strictness of the rule of harmony
in Chukchee. Owing to the intermarriage between the people of different villages, #, e, a, /, may also be used in the same place by different persons, for instance, na'nako especially when not under accent and na'nlko. In the same way, uu and 00, aa and #,
;

the verbal suffixes -tin and -len, interchange

for instance,

some people of Kamenskoye say nuu'wge (COOKED MEAT),

others noo'wge. There are also dialectic differences in the use of con-

sonants

for

instance,

Chukchee and

intervocalic y, which is omitted in preserved in the Paren dialect of the Koryak,

in

may be
is

omitted

sometimes
dialect.

Paren

although it pronounced, but less distinctly than in the The sound c may to a considerable extent
dialects,
.y,

the

Kamenskoye

be replaced by
different

s',

t,

Chukchee has
I

for this

sound two

by men, and s by women. by the sexes exists among the Koryak, but much less strict and regular than
pronunciations,

slight difference in the pronunciation

in

Chukchee.
s'

Men
t?

use the pronunciation

while

women
etc.

employ
vidually
1

or

The sound-group nni

by k
;

is

replaced indiy,

by

nni', q,

wg, by

ww

or

wx\

by g\

use in Koryak, instead of this , simply e. is interesting to note that the possessive adjective Quyqimra'quchin, BIGRAVEN'S (literally, RAVEN-BIG-HIS), has c\ and Miti's-hin, MITI'S (literally, MITI'-HER),
I
2

It

has the corresponding

$'.

Except

when otherwise
the
village

stated,

the

texts

were taken
lips

down

in

of

Kamenskoye,
or
girls,

from the
i,

of

4, 5, 8-10, 16, 3, 17, from Ai' wan-flaw from Anne-, 6, from Yu'lta-na'ut 7, 19, 20, from A'qannaw; n, from Ai'u-na'ut; 15, from ipifia'.
5 ;

Maritime Koryak 1 8, from Pa'qa;

women

as follows:

2,

12-14,

Text No. 21
of northern
related to

is

in the dialect of Pa'llan,

a large village

Kamchatka on

me by Basile, Text No. 22 is in the Paren

village

Okhotsk Sea, and was a Maritime Koryak man.

the
dialect,

taken down

in

the

of

Kamenskoye from
is

the words of Nicholas

Vilkhin, a native of Paren, Mr. Jochelson's interpreter.

Chukchee in 2 and in Koryak of Kamenskoye, Qare'fiin, and Lesna Kamchadal of the Okhotsk shore and of the village Sedanka (Kamchadal, E'sxlin) in the mountains, the dialect
Text No. 23
in six

languages,
1

in

of which has undergone a great change through Koryak

influences.

The

original

text

is

from Kamenskoye, and

The Chukchee

was dictated by Anne, a Koryak woman of that village. translation was made by Aqan'kau', a Maritime Chukchee man at the mouth of the Anadyr the
;

Qare'nin version, by Maria, a Koryak woman of the village the Lesna version, by Andrew, a Maritime Qare'fiin
;

Koryak man from Lesna

;

the

first

Kamchadal

version,

by

Ivan Kulagin, a Kamchadal

man from

the village

Napana

(Kamchadal, Na'pno) and the second Kamchadal version, by Tatiana, a Kamchadal woman from Sedanka. Text No. 24 is in three dialects, Kamenskoye, The original text was recorded Paren, and Qare'nin. from dictation by Pa'qa, a Koryak girl of the village of

Kamenskoye.
1

The Paren

translation

was made by Nicholas

Russian,

village

Kapara, a large village in northern Kamchatka on the Pacific coast. of northern Kamchatka, on the Sea of Okhotsk, called in Koryak

Vei'emlm (THAT OF THE RIVER).

Vilkhin; and the

Qare'nm

translation,

by Maria of Qare'nm,

mentioned before.

These
study
of

texts
all

very well for a comparative I took care to have the three languages.

may

serve

translation

made

as

literally

changes were unavoidable. Quyqmn'aqu'nu, which is simply the plural of Quiqmn'a'qu, is translated in Kamchadal as Klu'txen k.'c.'afmjanfrcfn
(KuTx's MEN). atco'c], which

as possible, although a few Thus, for instance, the Koryak

(Kamenskoye Koryak the Qare'fiin Koryak signifies is replaced by tenma'wilen, which signifies THE FINISHED ONE. Ge'tkurli, added in two Kamchatka Koryak texts, signifies DID ALL AT ONCE, and indicates the suddenness
THAT
is

The Chukchee

erre'c

ALL, in

of action, etc.

The

affinity

between the Chukchee and the various

dialects of the

Koryak
it

is

evident

but in reality

it

is

still

greater than

appears after

a hasty comparison.

For

instance, HE BROUGHT HER HOME, in Qare'fiin Koryak, is The Chukganrai' talen and in Chukchee, nrai'tannen. has also the form ganrai' taLen, only it is chee, however,
;

used syntactically in a different manner. Free translations of a part of these tales were published in Mr. Jochelson's work on the Koryak ("Publications of
the Jesup North Pacific Expedition," Vol. VI), together with other Koryak and Kamchadal tales which I collected

without

Jochelson's versions are here given in footnotes to the tales. number of tales are given with interlinear translation
original

texts.

References

to

Mr.

and

free

translation

others,

only with

free

translation.

The attempt
in

has been
;

made
it

to render the texts as accu-

rately as possible

but

the

translations
in

has been found necessary to omit many of the particles, which are as
as in Chukchee, and hardly admit

numerous

Koryak

of adequate translation.

Words added

in

translations for the sake of clearness

Literal translations of are placed in parentheses. words or phrases are enclosed in brackets.

Koryak
with the

The Koryak here given may be compared

Chukchee
texts

published by me in Vol. VIII of the "Publications of the Jesup North Pacific Expedition" and in the "Publications of the Russian Imperial Academy of
Sciences."
l

Few Koryak
names.
Titles
I

or

Chukchee

tales are

known under

definite

by me.

indicating the contents have transcribed the name

have been added of BIG-RAVEN in

the form most frequently met with, Quyqinn'a'qu^ although Mr. Jochelson prefers Quikmn'a'qu. In Chukchee are

found the forms Ku'rkil or Ku'urkil\ and

K.'utx.

in

Kamchadal,
jj/,

Koryak it the fourth replaces Chukchee r of the corresponding Kamchadal x.

I
;

In

write the third letter as

because

letter as ^,

because
in

For Eme'mqut,
in

the English translation,

ciation

have retained the Paren pronunthese texts

adopted by Mr. Jochelson, although

the

Kamenskoye pronunciation Ama'mqut was used more

frequently.

The

following

alphabet has been used for transcribing

:

Koryak and Kamchadal sounds

VOWELS.
e
c

a
a,

ii

i i

e
o

u
ti

B.

coGpaHHhie
Bbin.
I.

Maxepia/ibi no Haysemio nynoTCKaro flawKa H (J>o/ibK/iopa, " KO/IMMCKOMT, OKpyrU. Madame MMiiepaTopcKoii AKa4einin C.-nerepeyprt 1900.
1'.

Eoropaa-b.
bT>

9
a,
e,
i,

have
like

their continental

sounds (mostly long).

o
e

like o in nor.

a in make.

6
ii

like like

German

i)

in Mi)we.

a ......
e
e

long). like e in bell, but prolonged.

French u in lune. obscure vowel (mostly

a diphthong with an accent on 8 intonation

<"z'

i.

It

always has a laryingeal

e
ti
i

between a and between o and

0,

long.
position, lips in

u, long.
i

A, E,

posterior part of mouth in obscure short vowels.

u position

(short).

Very long and very short vowels are indicated by the macron and breve
respectively.

The diphthongs
Thus,
ai ei

are formed

by combining any of the vowels with /and

u.

like i in hide. " ei in vein. " oi in choice. " in

oi

au

ow

how.

CONSONANTS.
Stops
Surd

Continuant
Surd Sonant

Affricative

Nasal
Sonant
Surd
Sonant

Trill

bpirans

Glottal

Velar
Palatal

q k
.

g
d*

x
x'
s
s,
1

n
c*

Anterior palatal

t*

\
c
j

n*

Alveolar
Labial
Lateral

p L

d b
L

z, j

r,

v
1,1

Wi 7
b', p', d',

Absatz k', g', w', 1', m', n' have a spirant added (Gehauchter of Sievers). K!, p!, c!, t!, are designates the increased stress of articulation.
t',

pronounced with a sudden explosion, which gives them a clicking

sound.
'

.... ....

full pause between two sounds: yine'a, att'i'yul. used to connect the parts of a compound word.

10
1

....
.
. . .

as in

German.

the tip of the tongue touching the alveoli of the upper jaw, back of the tongue free.
palatal /, surd and exploded, the tip of the tongue touching the alveoli of the upper jaw, back of the tongue pressed against the hard palate. but sonant. The Chukchee has both posterior palatal /, like

posterior

The Koryak has only the sonant L. which, however, is pronounced differently from the Chukchee sonant z,, in that the back of the tongue touches the hard
the surd L

and the sonant

L,

And the Koryak sound L is almost palate with less pressure. similar to double //. I use, however, the same transcription for both sounds, the Chukchee and the Koryak, because they
fully
r f r

correspond to each other.

trill.

....
.

as in French.
dental, with slight
velar.

m. ... n ....
n n
v
.
.

as in English. as in English. nasal of the k series, like n in sing. palatized n sound (similar to ny).
in English.
bilabial.

b,

p ... as

....
.
.

w
y
f

always consonantic, and in Koryak nearer to v than in Chukchee. always consonantic.

pronounced somewhat as a compound of hv,

as in English. velar g.
like ch in like ch in

bilabial.

h
g x
x'

....
. . .
.

.... ....
t
. . .

German Bach. German ich.

and
ty).

d,
d*,
s
s*

t'

....
. . .

as in English. palatized (similar to dy as in English.

palatized (similar to sy).

like "

....
z
. .
.

German

z.

English s in

rose.

c c

"
. . . .
.

English sh.
English ch.

'}....
j
.

" "

French jour.
English joy.
"c.

c'

strongly palatized

]'....
Sounds

strongly palatized j.
e,
ii,

6, a, x', j, z,

belong only to the Kamchadal.

1 1

Since

in
is

the western branch of the

Koryak the Chuk-

there appear the replaced by _)/, combinations ay, oy, which are distinct from the diphthongs ai, oi. They are pronounced like the respective diphthongs,

chee

consonantic

but their
In

replaces the corresponding Chukchee r. Koryak the compound sound ivg, gw, replaces the

Chukchee sound wkw.

x
In

in

Koryak occurs but rarely, and replaces the velar q. Koryak as well as in Chukchee, / terminal and un;

accented

sound

frequently pronounced with a slight nasal but in Koryak the nasal sound is often pronounced
is

I do not use any additional sign to quite distinctly. indicate the nasal character of this sound. On the other

hand,

preferred

to

add n when the nasal sound was

pronounced quite distinctly. Therefore, for instance, the dative of the noun has been transcribed in some cases as yayai'ti TO THE HOUSE, and in others as notai'tin TO THE OPEN COUNTRY, In Kamchadal, the Chukchee r is replaced by j. This j sound is often pronounced with a light r trill, somewhat
like the Polish

sound

rz.
1

In

the

second

Kamchadal
dialect.
2

dialect,

sometimes has a

slight nasal sound.

This nasal / replaces the usual n of

the

first

Kamchadal
as

No

special

symbol was
in

adopted
express
to e

for this nasal / sound.

The Koryak
a
last syllable.
\

well

as

the

Chukchee,

order

to

strong

exclamation,

transfer the accent to the

this transferred accent, i is changed and a, /, &, are changed to <?. For instance, dnki becomes Enke' nawa'kak becomes nawako'k. At the end
;

Under

of tales, a'llfc becomes acco'l.

i

That of the village Sedanka.

That of the Okhotsk shore.

i.

Little-Bird-Man and Raven-Man. 1

(the daughter)

Raven-Man and Little-Bird-Man wooed

of Big-Raven.

He Big-Raven preferred Little-Bird-Man. " Miti' said, "I will give my daughter to Little-Bird-Man. After said, "I will give my daughter to Raven-Man." He would eat that Raven-Man would go out secretly. excrement and dog-carrion. (In the morning) they would wake up, and several wolverene-skins and wolf-skins would be there. They would ask both of the suitors, " Who killed
those?" and

Raven-Man would answer,

E'CCI
they

"I killed

them."

8/ Valvimtila ninti

Pici qala

n nawmyo'fivo'yke Quywant a wife

with

Raven-Man

(dual)

Little-Bird-Man

qinn'aqu'yik.
Raven-Big.

Quyqmn'a'qu Pice'qala^afi gaimannivo'ykm,

Raven-Big
for Little-Bird-Man

has a desire,

e'wafi,
he says,

"Gumna'n
"I

nawa'kak
female child

Pice'qala^an
to Little-Bird-Man
8

tryai'linin."
will give her."

Miti' e'wafi,
Miti'
says,

"Gumna'n nawa'kak Valvi'mtila nan

"I
s

tiyai'linin.''
will give her."

female child

to

Raven-Man
s

Va

'yuk
atta

Valvi'mtila n
Raven-Man
s/

viVva
secretly

fiito'ykin,
goes out,
7

a la'ta awyenvo'yexcrement
x

Afterwards

he

eats,

kin,
lai'ke
(lying)

wawa awyenvo^km.
he
x

dog's carrion

eats.

Kiyaw laike, They wake up,

They began
to say to

E nki vanvothere are

qapa au qu
wolvereneskins

tti

u wi.

x Newnivo^kinenat, "Mi kinak

and some

wolf-skins.

"By whom

both of them,

ga'nmdenau ?"
are they killed?"
1

Valvi'mtila^, "Gumna'n."
Raven-Man
(says),

"I (killed them)."

Compare W. Jochelson, The Koryak (Publications

vi),

of the Jesup North Pacific

Expedition, vol.

No. 82,

p.

250.

[12]

Then

time with unabated violence.

a snow-storm broke out, and continued for a long Big-Raven said to the suitors,
try to

"Go and
it,

calm
will
I

this

storm!

To

the one

who calms
Raven"Prepare

to that
said,

one
"I

Man
some

will

give my daughter to calm the storm." He

wife."
said,

provisions for me." They prepared several pairs of boots. He went out, and staid near by under a cliff, Little-Bird-Man went out, and there he stood eating.

Raven-Man gave to Little-Birdeating of the provisions. Man a wicked look. Little-Bird-Man entered again, and did not say anything.

Raven-Man

staid

at the

same

place.

The snow-storm

Va 8/ yuk
Afterwards

14
continued
last
ice,

with the

same

vigor, without abating.

Oh,

at

Raven-Man
for

entered.

His boots were

in
ice.

all

covered with

he would

make water

his

boots.
said,

That
"It
is

is

the

reason
!

why
is

the boots had

He

im-

possible they said to Little-Bird-Man,

there

a crack in the heavens."

After a while
!"

"Now,

then, calm this storm

Shall I also go out and make Raven-Man ?" Then Big-Raven my boots, " Go away None of you shall marry said to both suitors, Then Little-Bird-Man said, "All right! I will try." here." He took a round stopper, a shovel, and some fat, and went up to heaven. He flew up, and came to the crack

He

said, "It
in

is

impossible.
like

water

in

the heavens.
fat

the

stopped it with a stopper, and threw on the heavens all around it. For a while it

He

grew calmer.
nivo'ykm,
storms,

ui'fia
not

ama'latca.
not growing
better.

s/ Go, va yuk gaya'lqiwlin, I'mi

Oh,

afterwards

he entered,

all

pla'ku
boots
/

gaqi'tilinau,
were frozen,

qacYn
and meantime

plakgene'tifi
into the boots

na s/ canvoqen,
he made water,
x
i

ifii

nfiinik

pla'ku
boots

gaqi'tilinau.
were frozen.

"Qiyime'wun,
"Impossible,

s ya n

gaci'is

therefore

heaven

malin."
broken."

Va yuk
s/

Pici'kala n
Little-Bird-Man
8/

gewfiivo'len,
they said to him,

"Toq, gin-ya'q
"Oh,
thou

Afterwards

now

qmalatva't."
make
it

"Qiyime
8

en,

gi'niw gu'mrna tiyanto'ykm,

like thee
I

better."

"Impossible,

shall I

go out,

plakgefie'tm
into the boots

tiyaa canvo'ykin
shall I

?"

Gewfiivo'lenau
They were
told

Quyqinby

make water ?"

kitta'fi
there

n-aqu'nak,
Raven-Big,

"Qalqala'tik,
"Go away!
"

ana'wtinka."
unmarried."

Va 8/ yuk
Afterwards

gewfirvx/len,
he
said,

Atau^qun."
"Well, now."

Qo La
Some

acVpil
fat

ga'kmiLin,
he took
it,

qal-

small

te'nfiin,
stopper,
8/ 10 iya kin

wulpa'pel,
shovel small,

ga'lqaLin
he went

e^ti,
to the sky,

gayfnalin,
he flew up,

gala^in,
he came,

cema^thitnin
the cleft
/

qalte^na

ga^pilen,

acVpil
fat

eVtm
to the

of the sky

with the stopper he stopped up,

small

sky

ganrftlalin, pice
he threw
it,

gamalalin.
it

for a while

grew

better.

15

He came home, and

Even
the

stopper

was

the snow-storm broke out again. thrust back into the house. It

small. He said, "It is impossible. The heavens have a crack." Big-Raven made another stopper, a larger He also gave him one, and gave it to Little-Bird-Man.

was too

larger

piece

of

fat.

Little-Bird-Man

flew

up

to

the

same place and put

well.

this
in

He

drove

it

It fitted stopper into the crack. a mallet. He spread the fat with

around over the heavens, shovelled the snow around the Then it grew quite calm. hole, and covered it.

He came
all

back,

and then Raven-Man grew

took
is
it

hateful to

of them.

said to him,

He "How

place close to Miti'; and she that you smell of excrement?"

Gu'mlafi
Again

gayai'tilen,
he came home,

gu'mlafi
again

gawyalyo'len.
it

Ra'nyen
That

stormed.

qalte'nfiin
stopper
"

ganqu'lin
was thrust out

yayacikoi'tin,
into the house,

nEpplu'qin
small one

mi'qun.
namely.

E'wafi, He said,
stopper

8 Qiyime'wun. I'ya n gaci'malin."

Quyqmn'aqu'nak
By Raven-Big
gei'liLin, he gave it,

"Impossible.

Sky

is

broken."

qalte'nnin
5

gatai'kilin he made it another one

gei'liLin, he gave it,

va'sqin

mma'yinqin,
big one,

a'cm
fat

o'pta
also

mma'yinqin
big one

ga'lqaun gu'mlan, panenai'tifi

he went
again,
to the

same place

gayi'nalin.
he flew up.

Gala'lin,

pa'nena
another time

na'nyen
that

qalte'nnm
stopper
s

mal-kit
all right

He

came,

a'cm e e'tm gani'figa'npilen, tala'wga gata'lalen, na'nyen

he
stuffed in,

with the mallet

he struck
8

it,

that

fat

to the sky

he threw

lalin,
it,

gu'mlan
again

a 8 'lala
with snow

g-a 'lmelin, he shovelled up,

qoqlo'wicnin
the hole;

qo'npii
altogether

crama'lalin.
it

grew

better.

10

Gala'lin; He came;

na'nyen
that

s Valvi'mtila n

aqa'nn-u
to hate

ora'ccilin.
they had.
8

Raven-Man

Miti'nak
To
Miti'

enyei'fia
close

vaga'lekin,
he
sits,

newnivo'ykm Valvi'mtila n,
she says to him

Raven-Man,

i6
a

Why

it

is

because

have had no bread

for a long

time."

She

said to him,

"Enough, go away!
this

You have
went
away.

done

nothing to quiet Little-Bird-Man married Yini'a-na'wcrut.

storm."

He

Then Raven-Man It was raining hard. After the sun into his mouth so it grew quite dark. put that they said to Can'ai', "Can-ai', go and fetch water!"

Summer came.

"How

shall

fetch water?

(It is

while they said to her, "Why, we She went groping in the dark, then are going to die." She sang, "Both small she stopped and began to sing.

After a too dark)." are quite thirsty.

We

"Menqanqa'ce
"Wherefore
ui'fia
not

ennivo'ykm,
it

nime'
quite

a^atcmvo'ykm ?"
thou smellest with excrement ?"

happens
thee,

to

"Mi'qun,
"Why,
"

yu'laq
for long

akle'woka tina s/ hk."

without bread
'

Gewnivo'len,
She said
to him,

remained."

time

1'ivac,
"Enough,

ga'lqata
go away!
/

Ui'fia
Not

mi'qun amalatva'tca
even
not made better

i'ti !"

Ga'l-

thou wert!"

He

qaLin.
went.

Pici qala

nak na'nyen Yini'a-fia'wgut gama'tajen.

that

Little-Bird-Man

Yini'a-na'wgut

married.
8 Valvi'mtila n

Toq,
Oh,

it

galai'ulin, inya'wut came summer, then

gamuqai'ulin.
it

rained.

Raven-Man

ti'ykitiy
the sun

gaya'luplin.
used for a quid.

Qaci'n
So

qo^pu
altogether
7
,

niki ta
night

8/ gana Len.

grew.

Va 8/ yuk gewnm/len,
Afterwards
they said to her,

"Can'ai

qaimu^e!"
fetch water!"

"Me'fiqac
"In what

"Can-ai',

manner

mi'qun
namely
e

mai'mik?"
shall I fetch

Va s/ yuk
Afterwards

^ewnivo'len, "Me'nqan nime' they said to her, "Why very

water ?"
/

mitipa
we

lai

kinen.

Va yuk
s/

missavi 8/ yala."
we
shall die."

GalqaLin
She went

qai-

are thirsty.

Afterwards

10 cayicYna,
groping,
1

Enna 8/ an wus-qu'mciku, va 8/ yuk

thus
in the dark,

g-a'nvilin,
she stopped,

gafishe

afterwards

This

is

meant

sarcastically.

Bread

is

The Raven, who

eats excrement, pretends to feed

considered a delicacy on bread.

among

the Koryak.

17

Then a small river rivers are stingy (with their water)." came to that place, bubbling. She filled her pail bought
from
her
not
the

Russians

back.
carry

and carried it on She could (Suddenly) a man came to her.

(i.

e.,

an iron

pail),

the

pail.

He
They

said,
in

"I

will

you)."
It

She came home

"I

the dark.

carry the pail (for The man followed.

was River-Man.
said,

said to her,
I

"Who

is

this

man?"

He

am

River-Man.

They scolded
married her.
After
that
to

their

daughter.

took pity on that singer." Nevertheless River-Man

in

they
said,

remained

still

complete darkness.

They
ness?" vo'len
began
8/

said

River-Man,

"Why
indeed?"

are

we

living in dark-

He

"Why,
E'wafi,
She
said,

He

put on a head-

giya'pcak.
to sing.

"I'min qai-vai'amti alna'we^e."

"All
small rivers (dual)
are stingy."

Va yuk
Afterwards

gani'kalin Enkai'ti vai'ampilifi, gafivo'len cilala'tik. it made so to that place river small, to bubble. began

Gayi'ccalin
She
filled

milh-u'kkam,
Russian vessel,

yaite'ti
to the

ga'lqaLin,
she went,

milh-u'kkam
Russian vessel

house

g-emtei'pilin,
she carried on

qla'wul
a

man

galalin.
came.

Gapkau'len, e'wafi, "GumShe could not

(carry),

he

said,

"I,

her back,

na'n,

gumna'n mi'mtin."
I

Gayai'tilen wus'qu'mciku na'nyen

She came home
in the dark.

shall carry it."

That one

galimfiena'len.
followed.

Vai'am.
River.

Gewnrvo'len,
They
River-am-I.
said to her,

"Eni'n
"That one

ma'ki?"
who?"

E'wafi, He said,
had
7

"Gu'mma
"I
x

Vaiamenar-gum.
8

Gumna^
I

yaiVacu
to

compassion

tftcin Ena'n giya pcala n."

that

Ganvo^en nawa^ak
They began
female-child

kita^nak.
to scold.

singer."

Ra nyen Vaia^mak gama^alen.

That one by the River

was married.

10

To,
Oh,

va c/ yuk
afterwards

qo^pu wus'qi^mciku vanvolarke.

altogether
in the

GewThey
/

dark

they remained.

nivo^en
began
to say

Va^am,
to River,

"Me'nqan
"Why
indeed?"

niki'ta
in the night

mititvaiivolai kin we remain?"

of ringedseal

?"

E'wafi, He said,
2

"Me'nqan m^qun?"
"Why,

Lawtikfjcicnin vftvitin gai

Head-band
he

thong

PURL. AMER. ETHN. SOC. VOL. V.

band of ringed-seal thong.

magic).

He

went out (and practised

Then

at least a

little

light appeared.

dawned.

They spoke among themselves, do it?" Then Yini'a-fia'wgut prepared for a journey. She Is Raven-Man went to Raven-Man and asked, " Halloo Raven-Woman said, "He is." She said to at home?" Raven-Man, "Since you went away, I have been feeling She found Raven-Man, and said to dull all the time." Will you him, "Did not you feel dull (since that time)? He turned his back to her, but she wanted so?" stay to turn him (so that he should look with) his face to her. Then she tickled him But he turned his back to her. under the arms. She put her hands under his armpits.
!

"How

The day shall we

His

sister

said

to

him,

"What

is

the matter with you?

pilen,
put on,

ganto'len, ayi'kvan gaqayichilannivo'len vantig^nin

he went out,
at least
8/

small light came,

dawn

gato'mwalen.
was
created.

Va yuk
Afterwards

gewnivo'len,
they began to
talk,

"Me'nqan
"In what

mi'ntm?"
we
shall
it?"

do

manner

Yini'a-fia'wgut
Yini'a-iia'wgut

ganvolen
began
8

tenma'witcuk,
to prepare,
!!

Valvimtila 8 yikm
to

Raven-Man

gala'lin,
she came,

"Mai, Valvi'mtila
"Halloo!

va'ykin?"
is (at

Raven-Man

home)?"

Va'cvi-na'ut e'wan, Raven- Woman said,

"As-s'o'
"Since
8

"Va'ykin."
"He
is."

Gewnivo'len
She began
to
to say

8 Valvi'mtila n

qati',
you went away,

Raven-Man

qo'npu
altogether

a'lva
wrongly

titva'nvok."
I

Gayo
x

'olen
x

Valvi'mtila n, crewthe

was."

She found
ui

Raven-Man,

she

nivo'len,
began to
x

"Gi'ssa
"Thou

qa'cik
really

na a'lva a tvaka?
wrongly
not wert?

Oe^nivo?"
Will you stay so?"
r

say,

not

Oa pten
The back
li'ykin.
he turns.

gayfltilen,
he turned,
8/

yai'na
to the

yili'ykmm.
she turns him.

Gifmlaii
Again
x

qa pten
the back

front side

Va yuk ganvolen
Afterwards
;

cichi'nik yiyigicha wik,

in the armpits

gacechenshe put her

she began

to tickle him,

10 qatvinvo'len
hands under his
armpits;

cake'ta
l:y

gewnivo^en,
he was told,

"Quya'qi?
"What
is

Tn-ac.
Enough,

the sister

the

matter with you?

19

Stop

it!

This
in

is

good

girl."

make sounds

her direction,
at last

After that he began to "Gm, gin, g-m!" She turned

he laughed out, " Ha, ha, ha !" The sun jumped out and fastened itself to the sky. It

him around, and

daylight.

grew

After that they slept together. She said to him, "Have "No!" "Have you a fork?" - - "No!" you a tent?"
-

"No!" She said, "Then let "Have you a plate?" us go home I have all those things at home." They moved on to Big-Raven's house. She said to Raven-Man,
-

"Oh, you are a good man!" and he wards she killed him.
E'nnu mal-na'witkata."
This one
is

felt flattered.

After-

Va 8/ yuk
Afterwards

Enkai'ti gailvo'len,
to that

"Gm,
"Gm,

woman."

he began,

good

direction

gm, gm." Qo'ym

gm,
gm."

yilefivo'ykinen.
she turns him.

Va 8/ yuk
Afterwards

gaktaca'chaLen,
he laughed loudly,
s

To

this side

"Ga,
"Ha,

ga,
ha,

ga!"
ha!"

Ti'ykitiy
The sun

gace'pfiitolen,
peeped
out,

i'ya
sky

ga'plin,
fastened
itself,

to the

qo'npu gecha'Len.
altogether
8/
it

grew

light.

Va yuk
Afterwards

gayi'lqalinat
they slept (dual)

Yini'a-fia'wgutinti,
Yini'a-na'wgut (dual, i. e., with the man),
1

gewnivo'len,
she told him,

"Ma'cci yi'nna va'ykin, pola'tka

"Now
what
is,

va'ykin
is?"

?"

-"Ui'na.""No."
-

tent

"Ma'cci
"And

vHka
fork

va'ykm?"
is?"

E'wan, "U^na."
He
said,

"Torelka
"Plate

"No!"

va'ykin?"
is?"

Gifmlafi e'wafi, "Ui'iia."

Again
he
said,

EVan, "Minya^timik.
She
said,

"No!"

"Let us go home!

Gumnrn
My
things

ya'yak vala^ke."
at

Ye^m
There
the
8/

gataVanlenat Qoyqinthey

home

are."

moved on

to

10 iraqoyikar'ti.
Raven-Big.

Ewfiivo^kmen
She began
to say to

Valvi'mtila^,
Raven-Man,

"E 8/ n,
"Oh, well,

mala good

qla'wul."
man!"
i

Acachitcofivo^km.
He
felt

Va yuk
Afterwards

ne'nako ga'nmilen.
there

flattered.

she killed him.

Words borrowed from

the Russian: na/iaTKa TENT, rape,r<a PLATE, iiu/iKa FORK.

2O

She Yini'a-na'wgut put Raven-Man's (head) on above. said, "That spotted palate of yours, let it grow to be a
fine

cloudless sky!"

She came home.

And

they said to her,

"What have

you been doing?" She said, "I killed Raven-Man. He had the sun in his mouth." From that time on it was Raven- Woman said, "Well, now, does my quite calm.
brother

remember me?

She said, "Let me was dead. Then she cried (and

ance to the other people.
left

(Probably) he has plenty to eat." visit him." She visited him, and he
said),

"He caused annoyis

(Therefore he

him

there.

There was

dead.)" else to do. nothing

She

Yini'a-na'wcrutmak
By Yini'a-Sa'wgut

Valvi'mtila 8 n
Raven-Man

gicgolai'ti
to the
8/

goi'pilen.
was stuck
in.

upper

part

E'wan,
She
said,

"Gini'n
"Thy

ka'li-qa'nyan
spotted-palate

mal-i
to a

s/ yu nina lin,
let
it

tan-i

s/

yu

sky

grow,

to a fine sky

good

nina c/ lm."
let
it

grow."

Gayai'tilen,
She came home,

gewfiivo'len,
they told her,

"Me'nqan
"How
the sun

i'ti?"

E'wan,
She
said,

thou

wert?"

*Valvi'mtlla8 n ti'nmin, Ena'n ti'ykitiy gaya'luplin." Achiva'n

"Raven-Man
I

killed,

he

used for a quid."

From

that

time

qo'npu
altogether

mala'ti.
it

grew
x

Va'cvi-fia'ut Raven-Woman
tci?
put
?

e'wan,
said,

"Inei'!
"Well

Yica'myiBy
8/

the

better.

now

tu'mga Ifgi ina

brother
s/

Tan-aVyefivoi."
Good he began
to eat."

E'wan, "Miyo ogan

She
said,

!"

to his I

am

"Let

me

visit

him!"

mind

Gayo
She

olen.

E
at

to 8/

en gavi 8/ yalin.
he was dead.

Ganvo'len qalhai'ak, "Ena^

She began
to cry,

visited him.

And

"He

tu^nkm
to the other

ya'noti
first

vetke^icnin
annoyance

tai'kinin."
did."

Gape'lalen.
She
left

him.

people

10 Me'fiqan m'ntinin? Mow was she to act?

1

These words are used also as an incantation against bad weather.

21

Then those people said to Little-Bird-Man, "Go home, both of you!" They said to them, "Go away with a caravan of pack-sledges!" He replied, "We will go on foot." went away on foot, and came to a river. They Little-Bird-Man said to the woman, "Let me carry you The woman said to him, "Do not do it!" (across)!"

He
so

said,

"It is all right."

/ /

He

carried her,

and

in

doing

Yini a-fia wgut slept a night among stoneand was almost frozen to death. On the following pines morning it dawned, and close to that place a reindeerdied.

he

was walking. All the reindeer had iron antlers. A man was walking there too. He said, "Oh, come here!" She said, "I will not come. My husband has
herd

fta'nyeu
Those

gewfiivo'lenau
began
to say

Pici'qala n,
to Little-Bird-Man,

".Go

"Qryai'titik." home (dual)."

Gi'wlinat,
They
told

"Mu'uta
"With a
caravan of
sledges

qi'thitik."
be (dual)."

them

Gi'wlin He said
8/

Enna 8/ an,
thus,

"A'limi,
"Well,

(dual),

vai'cita."
on
foot."

Galqa'Linat vai'cita.
They went (dual)
on
foot.

Va yuk gayo
Afterwards

8/

olen vai'ama river

!"

they found

n-aqu.
big.

Pici'qala n
Little-Bird-Man

e'wan
said

nVwitkatifi,
to

"Miti'mtmcri
E'waii,

the

woman,

"I will carry thee!"

iSla'witqata By the woman

ki'til."
right!"

gewnivo'len,
he was told,

"Qiye'm-e^en."
"Not needed."
5

"Mal"All

He
died.

said,

Gati'mtinlin, He carried her,

came
to

va 8/ yuk Pici'qala ^ gavi s/ yalin.

after

Yini'aYini'a-

that Little-Bird-Man

nVwgut gala^m qas'wuge^ki keVinvon, kima^

Sa'wgut
the stone-pine
to stay for a

almost
/

quqi'tifi. she was

frozen.
/

bushes

night,

Miti

gecha'Len, Enka
it

ta tilarvikin fie^a, pilvi nti-yi nnala n.

is

To-

dawned,

on that
place

morrow

walking around

a herd,

with iron antlers,

QlaVul
Man

o pta
also
!"

Enka

ta

tilaiVikm.
is

Gewnivo^en,
He
!

"Toq,
"Oh,
x
i

on that place

walking.

told her,

10 qiya

thi

Gewnivolen,
She told him,

"Qiyo^ mnVk
"I will not

Gunman
My

pa

come!"

come.

actual

22
died."

He

said
his

to her,

"I

I am Little-Bird-Man." your husband. A house was there, also reindeer (for driving). He " Let us go to Big-Raven said to her, Now let them
!

He am

took

out

gloves.

your husband." "These you made for me. I

he,
I

am

am

say again you have a bad husband !" They went with a caravan of pack-sledges, and they arrived. The
that

people said to Big-Raven, "Oh, your daughter has come with a caravan." Big-Raven said, "Our daughter went

away on

foot."

She

said,

"Here

am,

have been

brought home by

Little-Bird-Man."
all

Little-Bird-Man

made

numerous driving-sledges,
qla'wul man
vi gi."
died."
s/

of silver.

They

lived there

Gewfiivo'len, He told her,

gaito'lenau.

"Wutmnalai'-gum
"This-am-I

qla'wul-eman-am-

gum."
I."

Yi'lhiliu

"Wutissau' gina'n gatai'ki"These

thou
hast made.

Finger-gloves he took them out.

linau.

Wutissalai'-gum, Piciqala'riai'-gum."
This-am-I,

Little-Bird-Man-am-I.

"

Enke' yaya'na va'ykin, crti'mlan qoya'we.

There
a house
is,

Gewnivo'len,
He
told her,

also

reindeer.

"Ooyqinn-aqoyikai'ti
"To Raven-Big

mini'lqat.
let

Ce'cve
Openly

yewfiivola'ne,
they shall
tell,

us go!

'A 8/ ccifi
l

qla'wul
man

yawa'ykmen.'"
she has him.' "

Galqaiinat
They went
(dual)

mu'uta,
with
the-

Bad

caravan,

gala'linat.
they came.

Gewnivolenau, "ftawako'k! naya'tm, mu'uta!"

They began
to say,

"Female child!

came,

with the " caravan

!

Gewnivo'len,
He
said,

"Mu

chin

nawa^ak
female child

va^cita
on foot

qatha'ai."
they went

"Our

away"

(dual).
7

Gewnivo'len,
She
said,

"Wuttmalar'-gum.
"This-am-I.

Pici'qala^ak
By Little-Bird-Man

inaya
I

ti."

was
1

brought."

10 PicTqala^'n nelhepiU/nqen yaqa^-uya^ikiu

Little-Bird-Man

am
all

cerepro^au.
of silver.

many
1

created

driving-sledges

Borrowed from the Russian cepe6po SILVER.

23
all

together,

and travelled about

in

all

directions with a

caravan of pack-sledges. They lived

E'nki
There

in joy.

They

staid there.

orna'ka
together

gatvanvo'lenau,
they lived,

ga'lfiil
in all

galaivmvo'lenau
they walked around

directions

mu'uta, gaaimiyo'olenau, gatvanvo'lenau.

with a
they lived in joy,
they lived.

Acco'c.
That
is

all.

2.

1 Big-Raven and the Mice.

walked along the seashore. The wanted to follow. Her mother said, "Tie her (and leave her) on the seashore." They bound her with two strings of her diaper. She began to squeal, "Pawawawa'!" and they said, "What is it?" "I have found a genuine small nail." "Go to her!" They went to her. "What is it that you have found?" But it was
Mouse-Girls
also

Some

youngest Mouse

only

a small

shell.

"Oh,

strike her!"

They

struck her,

and she whimpered,

"Igigi'!"
ila'lu

Pipi'kca-na'wgutinu gas'hintili'linau.
Mouse-Women
on the seashore walked.

lumfiena'ykin.
is

The
youngest

following.

Ma'ma
Mamma
with
x

e'wafi,
said,

"As'hi'nka qwuLa'gitca."
"On
the seashore
tie

A'men gawgu'un
And
they bound her

her."

am-ma'kil-fie'eta.
diaper-

Tawtawanfiivo'ykin,
She began
to squeal,

"Pawawawa'l"
"Pawawawa'!"

with two.

only- strings-

A men
And

e'wafi,
they said,

"Yi'nna
"What

wot?"
this?"

"TilaVo'n!
"I found!

Ta^ifiGenuine

- "iLa'ni va^ilnipel."qiyo^la^itca."
nail small."
8/

Gayo
They

8/

olen.

"Yfnnaqi
"What then

"The
youngest

you

visit

her."

visited her.

Iu

wa 8 n?" Qa^m
r"

milya^pil.
a shell small.

"Oaykipla^itca
"Strike her!"

!"

Gafivo^en
They began

thou foundest

And only

kr'plik,
to strike,

ganvo^en qalhafak,
she began
1

"Igigi'."
"Igigi'-"
/.

to cry,

See Jochelson, The Koryak,

c.,

No. 88,

p.

260.

24
After a while she turned to them again, and began as
before,

"What
!

is

it

that
it

has nails

Oh, indeed,

have found? Oh, indeed, it has eyes Oh, indeed, it has

!

whiskers!"

"Go
to her,

to her

They came

and

and see what she has found!" really it was a small ringed seal.

Big-Raven said, "Eh, eh! Why are those Mouse-Girls Miti' said, "Oh, leave off! shouting and dancing?" Why do you want to go to them?" But he went to them. "Well, there! Mouse-Girls, what is the matter with you?"

"Oh, nothing! only this Hairless-One grew angry with He said, "Louse me, (one of you!)" One Mouseus." Girl said, "I have pricked myself with my father's awl."

Gu'mlan
Again

Enkai'ti
in the

gafivo'len,
she began,

"Yi'nna
"What

wot
this

tila
I

go'n?

same

found?

direction

Ca'myeq gavagmfia'len, ca'myeq

Indeed
lu'lin."
whiskers."

gaLa'lin,
with eyes,
8/

cVmyeq
indeed

galawith
8/

with

nails,

indeed

"

Qiyo

ola'gitca iLa'iii, yi'nna Iu nin." she has "Go to the youngest, what
(and see)
found."

Gayo
They

olen,

visited her,

qaci'n vi'tvitpil.
and
really

a ringed
seal small.

Quyqmn'a'qu e'wan,
Raven-Big
said,

"Eei! ya'qlau Pipi'kca-na'wgutinu

"Eh, eh!

what are
they doing,

Mouse-Women

is'himlavai'fialai
loudly dance shouting they are?"
8/ nayo onau?"

?"

Miti'
Miti'
8/

e'wafi,
said,

"Qanqa'wgi.
"Cease.
7
!

Ya'qkmau
What
for

Gayo
He
?"

olenau.
"Ui'iia
"Not

"Amei
x

Pipi'kca-na'wgutinu,
Mouse-Women,

will

you

visit

them?"

visited them.

"Well there!

yaqlaikine^ik

aya qka.
not anything.

Atau
Simply

A^gike
Hairless-One
7

what are you doing?"

kuma 8/ ti."
is

E'wan, "Qinamlila'tik."
He
said,

Qo'lla e'wan,
One
said,

"Appa
"With

angry."
l

"Louse me."

10 nak
father

inassma^ik to^puk."
on an awl
I

Nani s/ win tamrnfii-qlaVulen

One could
say

pricked

handicraft-man's

myself."
1

it

is

A'ppa^ a'pa in some Koryak dialects, FATHER; in others, GRANDFATHER. used with both meanings indiscriminately.

Here

25

One might

think she were the daughter of

some

artisan.
"I

He

said

to another small girl,

"Louse me!"

have
might
Hair-

One pricked myself with my mother's needle." think she were the daughter of some seamstress. "
less-One
!

louse

me."
said,)

She
1

said,

"Eh,

all

right!"

She

loused him.

(He

"Oh, say (these words): 'Grandhead,

father's lice taste of fat!'"

Then he shook
scattered
in
all

his

and the small mice were

fell

directions.

Some

into the sea,

some

into the coast-slime, others into the river,

on the pebbles. carried it home.

and others again Big-Raven took the little ringed seal and

The Mouse-Girls crawled

to the shore

nawa'kak. Va's'qm na'nyen qai-na'wis'qat, "Qinamlu'wi!"female child.

Another
2

that

small-woman,

"Louse me!"

"Gu'mma mama'nak
"I

tetei'tifi

toi'puk."
I

Nani 8 win,
One
could say,

awa'nfiisewing
!"

with

mamma

on a needle

pricked

myself."

fia'win
woman's

nawa'kak.
female child.

"Axgike, qina'mlu."
"Hairless-One,
"

E'wan,
She
said,

"I,

toq

louse me."

"Eh,

well!"

Ganvo'len
She began
5

milu'k.
to louse him.

Qiwiykm-i'-gi,
"Say you.

'Appanau' mimlu'wgi
'Grandfather's
lice

nanyamca'caqenau.'"
are tasting of
fat.'

"

E'nki
Then

cralawtime'lin,
he shook his head,

fia'nyau
those

qai-pipi'kalnu
small

am-ma'na
to different

mice

directions

ganiya'linau,
he scattered them,

qu'tcau
some
x

a'fiqak,
to the sea,

qu'tcau
some

wapiVqalqak,
to the slime,
x

qu'tcau va'yamilqak, qu tcau

some
to the river,

w^gwulqak. Quyqinn*aqu nak

to the pebbles.
x

some

Raven-Big

nVnyen
that

v^tvitpilin

ganya^tilen.
it

Na nyau gawlmvo^enau,
Those

ringed seal small he took

home.

came

to the shore,

tribes of this country,

2

seems that the Hairless Mouse-Girl, according to the custom of many native was killing the lice with her teeth. Ma'ma^ probably from the Russian MaMa. The proper Koryak term with
It
is

endearing sense

a'inma.

26

and asked one another, "Where did you fall?" "I fell "Then you were cold." into the sea." "And where did you fall?" "I fell on the small pebbles." "Then "And where did you fall?" "I you were pricked." fell into the coast-slime." "Then you were cold." "And you, Hairless-One, where did you fall?" "I fell on the moss "Then you spread by mother."
-

fell

easy."
said,

They

"Let us go home!"

told their mother,

"See, but grandfather took it away." ringed seal, Then we will fetch it back. O daughters
es'he'lvifi uwi'kiu gapfiilanvo'lenau. between their bodies they told about.
themselves

They went home and mamma! we have found a small

!

"Did he? go and look

"Gfssa
"Thou

mi'fiki i'yi?"
where
-

hittest ?"

"Gumma
"I

a'fiqak ti'yak."
to the sea

"Wyaii
"Then

iskula'ti."
thou wert cold."

"Gi'ssa
"Thou

hit."

mi'nki
where

i'yi?"
hittest?"

"Gu'mma
"I

ti'yak
hit

cegai'likik."
on the small
pebbles."
-

"Wyafi
"Then

isvila'ti."
thou wert
pricked."

"Gfssa
"Thou
-

mi'iiki i'yi?"
where
hittest?"

"

Gumma
"I

vapi's-qalqak
on the slime

ti'yak."
hit."
-

"Vi'yan
"Then

iskula'ti."

"Gfssa, A'xhike, mi'nki

"Thou,
s

thou wert cold." -

Hairless-One,
-

where

i'yi?"
hittest?"

"Gu'mma mama'nak
"I
to

veta niya'tik."
on the moss spread."

"To, gi'ssa
"Oh,
thou

mamma

yiykula'ti."
wert on
soft
"
!

Gewnivolenau,
They began
to say,

"

MmyaitnVmik
"Lit us go home!"

!"

Gayaftilenau, ganvo
They came home,
they
8/

lenau pnalte^ik,
began
r

"KrVan, ma^a, ya nut

"Truly,

to narrate,

mamma,

at

first

vftvipil mitla wla n, we found it, ringed seal

small

10 appa nak Ttcanin."

by the grandfather
1

"Ya^kmki!
"What
for!

Nayanva^fiinin, misLet them skin

it,

he took
away."

it

we

Used

as a child's diaper.

See

W.

Jochelson,

The Koryak,

/.

<:.,

p.

252.

27
into his house.

and
[you

said.

They looked in. Then they came back "Now you there, "Eme'mqut is skinning it."
-

1'

go and look in !" She looked in. "Just are cooking it." "Now, you there, this one, go and look in there !" She looked in. "Just now they are taking the meat out of the kettle." Mouse- Woman

Mo use- Girl,]

now they

said,

"Oh,

to-morrow!'
in

magic). bundle of grass (on which magic had been practised) and There drop it through the carry it to Big-Raven's house.
!

wish Big-Raven would say, 'We will eat it must find a shaman's small stick (used Oh, you there, small Mouse-Girl take this

We

vent-hole."

They
it

(the Mice) took

it

and carried

it

there,

and dropped
said,

into

the

house.

Big-Raven immediately

"Miti',

saitila'fiin.
will fetch
it.

Rawa'kku,
Female children,
"

qawas'vila'tik."
look in."

Gawa's-vilinau,
They looked
he
in,

gaya'Linau, gi'wlinau,
they came,
they said,
'

Amamqu'tinak yiwa'nniykmin."
"Eme'mqut
look in."
is

skinning

it."

"Am-fiu'nin
"Now
this

qai-nVwis'qat,
small-woman,

qawas'vu'gi."

GawaVvilin.
She looked
in.

one

"Akila 8/ c
"Just

kokaivilai'ke."
they are cooking
it."

"Am-nVnin
"Now
in.

qai-nVwis-qat,
small-woman,

now

this

one

qawas-vu'gi."
look in."

Gawa's'vilin.
She looked

"Akila e/ t
"Just
"

kokanpalai'ke."
they take (the meat) out of the kettle."

now

Gewfiivo'len Pipi'kca-na'wgut,
She began
to say

Ine'!
"Oh,

Quyqmna'qu ne'wnivon,
Raven-Big
ti'ta
8/

Mouse- Woman,
8/

would he
!

say,

'Tafi-miti'w mina'wyela,' 'Well to-morrow we will eat it,'

Ilu pilin
Shaman's
small stick
s/

minelo cola
we
shall find
!

OaiSmall

when

nVwis-qat em-nVno
woman
there-that one

qiya

thm

vai-kfltipilm.
grass-bundle small.

Oilalagftca
Carry
it

bring

away

Qoyqmn-aqoyikai^in, qinayala^itca."
to Raven-Big's (house),

drop

it."

10

GaLa^in,
They
it

gana

yalin.
it.

Quyqmn'a^u
Raven-Big

eVan,
said,

"Mitei
"Miti',

7
,

carried

dropped

away,

28

we had

she said, "All right!" "Oh, you, small Mouse-Girl! go and look into the house!" "Just now Miti' is arranging the bed."
better eat this
-

meat to-morrow."

And

"And now
there, there,
let

they have gone

you, go and have a look!" to sleep, they are snoring."

"Just

now

"Now,
pails,

us go!"
all

They took bags and iron

the cooked

and put

meat

into

went them, also what

was

left

of the broth.

also filled

They defecated (into the kettle), Miti"s and Big-Raven's boots with small pebbles.

Next morning they awoke. "Miti', get up! Let us eat!" "Ah, ah, ah! ah, ah, began to put on her boots. ah!" "What is the matter with you?" - - "Oh, nothing!"
Miti'

miti'u
to-morrow

mmnu'nau
we
will eat

noo'wge."
the cooked meat."

A'men
And

e'wafi
she said

"I, "Eh,

i'nmiall

qu'num."
right!"

"A'men
"Oh,

yi'nna, qai-na'wis'qat qawa's'vugm."look in there." small- woman what,

Miti'."
Miti'."

"Akila s 'c taka'wnekin

"Just

"Am-Enyi'n
"Now
this

qai-fia'wis-qat,
small-woman

now

prepares the bed

qawa's'vi."
look in."

"Akila 8 'c
"Just

gayi'lqalinau,
they are gone to
sleep,

Enkayalai'ke."
they are snoring."

now

"Toq, mmilqala'mik."
"There,
let us

Milh-u'kkamau a'gimu ga'kmiunau,

Russian vessels bags
they took them,

go!"

ga'lqaLinau,
they went,

I'mifi
all

noo'wge
the cooked

gayo'olenau,
they put
in,

a'kyel
also

ipa'fia
broth

meat

pak/cipit.
remainder.
x

Ga^a^olen, I'min MitiVhinau Quyqmn-aqu'chiThey

defecated,
also Miti's

Raven-Big's

nau pla ku wu x gwa gaye^in.

boots

with pebbles they

filled.

Mit^u
Next day

crakyaVlinat.
they awoke.

"Mitei
"Miti',

7
,

qakyaVgi,
get up!

mina'wyi."
Let us eat!"

10 Miti'gaplaitmWlen. "Mikikiki'k, mikikikiki'k!"

Miti'

"Ya'qiykm
- "What
art

began

to put

on

"Ah,

ah, ah!

ah, ah, ah!"

thou

her boots.

Enna 8/ an
thus

i'tiykin?"
art

"Ui'fia
"Not

yi'nna

!"

Quiqinn'a'qu
Raven-Big

thou?"

anything!"

29
Big- Raven then put on his boots.

"Ah,
with

ah, ah! ah, ah,

ah!"

"And what
as
I

is

the

matter

you?

You

now, just "Oh, stop (talking), bring cooked meat, heat the broth !" Miti' drank some broth,
immediately cried tastes of excrement!"
(and
out,)
-

did."

cry the

"It

tastes
it

"Oh, bring

of excrement, it here!" Then Bigit

Raven
will

also

cried,

"It

tastes

of excrement,

tastes

of
"I

excrement!"
not forgive

"Mouse- Women have defiled

this.
I

us."

will

stun

them with blows.

Bring

me

my big club!" She gave it to him, and he started to go to the Mouse- Women. "Oh, grandfather is coming. Tell 'Eat some pudding of stone-pine nuts!'" "What him,
good are those puddings of stone-pine nuts
!

have no

gaplaitmvo'len.
began
to put

"Mikikiki'k,
"Ah, ah, ah!

ikikiki'k

!"

"Ya'qiykm
"What
art thou,

on

his

ah, ah, ah!"

boots.

Enfia'an i'tiykin? A'chi

thus
art

a'men gu'mkin
like

ni'wi-gi."talking art thou."

"Qa'nkau,
"Cease,

thou?

Now

me

s/ qiya thin noo'wge.

Mina'wyi.
Let us eat!

bring

cooked meat.

ipa'fia qinathileu'." make warm." Broth

Miti'
Miti'
8/

garWlen
began

ipa'wik.
to drink

"A 8 la'tve,
"It tastes of

a 8 la'tve!"
it

"Qiya thm
"Bring
it

!"

tastes of

here!"

(broth).

excrement,

excrement!''

Quyqmn-a'qu
Raven-Big

o'pta e'wan,
also
said,

"A 8 la'tve,
"It tastes of

a 8 la'tve!"
it

"Pipi'kca"Mouse-

tastes of
-

excrement,

excrement!"

nVwgutinu
women

ganta'witkinau-mu'yi."
have defiled
us (two)."

"Qaye'm
"I will not

fia'no,
this

(forgive),

mikiplis'qewla'tik.
I will

8/ Qiya thin qolowocifmnm."

GaHiLin,
She gave him,

stun them with blows.

Bring

big club."
7

7
,

ga^qaun, ya^m gata^afilen.

he went away,
x

"Qulu
"Big,

qulu
big,

quli/k!"
big!"
!'"

there

he was moving on.

"Appa nak nenenela'mik.

"By the grandfather

Qiwla'gitca, 'Ni'kh-yelka
Tell him,

he appears to

us.

'With stone- pudding!'"

pine nuts

30
teeth."

"Then
I

have

some

the pudding. "Grandfather, lie down on your back and have a nap!" "Yes, I will have a nap, lying thus on my back." He slept, and they fastened to his eyes some red shreds.
-

"Yes, ate of

will

eat

some of

cloud-berry-pudding." the cloud-berry-pudding."

He

"Grandfather, enough, get up!"

"All right!

now

will

go home." and came

the
fire
!"

He went home; and when

close to the house,

"Miti', tear in

he was approaching, he shouted all of a sudden, twain the worst one of our sons, to appease

Without any reason she tore her son in twain. "And where is the fire? Just now you said, 'It burns.' What happened to your eyes? They have shreds fastened
"Ya'qkinau ni'kli-ye'lku ?
Ava'nmkil-e-gum."
Toothless

"Yi'tti"With
cloudberry
'-

"What

for (those)

stone-pine nut puddings ?

am

I."

ye'lka!"
pudding!"

"O,
"Yes,

yi'tti-ye'lka-van
with cloudberry-pudding
-

tiya'yilku."
I

Gayi'lkulin.

will eat the

He

ate of the

pudding."

pudding.

"Appa', wu'ssm gayi'lqata!"

"Grandfather

"O,
"Yes,

wu'ssifi tiyayi'lqatm.''
on my back
I

on your back

sleep!"

will sleep."

Gayi'lqalin, He slept,
5

gaLamyimka'lenat.
they to his eyes attached
(red) shreds.

"Appa',
"Grandfather,

i'n'ac,
enough,

qakget

ya'wgi!"
up!"

e/ "Awwa', a'nam-e en

tiyayai'tin."
I will

"Well,

all right!

go home."

Ga'lqaLin He went
qanto'ge,
come
out,

yaite'ti,
home,

gayaitmvo'len,
he was coming near,
to his

galafivo'len.
he was approaching.

"Mitei',
"Miti',

home,

km^nin
son

a s/ ccifiica s n
the worst (of all)

qanva'kyintat
tear in twain

qangekiplena'nu."
to strike the fire with."
r

Ata'mtim ganvakymta^in kmi^in.

Vainly
r

"Manm/ki qa ngaqan?
"Where
is

she tore in twain

the son.

the fire?

a chi niV-i-gi, qanga'tiykm. it burns. Now saying-wertthou,

1

Gaya'qlinat lela^, craLamyimWhat happened

chatiicemorus.
to (your)

with shreds

eyes,

Rubus

to

the

eyelids.

He

said,

The Mouse- Women have defiled you." "Hm! now at last I grew angry. Bring me my
I

go there and club them." He went there. "Oh, grandfather is coming! Say to him, 'Have some pudding of root of Polygonum vivipa"Then have some pudding of rum\'* "What for?" berries of Rubus Arcticus? "Yes, I will have some of berries of R^tbus Arcticus." He entered, and pudding
big club.
will
-

began

to

eat

the

your side and down on my side and have a nap."

"Grandfather, lie pudding. have a nap!" "All right!

they

down on
I

will

lie

He
"O

painted his face with grandfather! get up, the day is breaking!"
slept,

and

charcoal.
-

"Yes,

ka'lenat?

Pipi'kca-na'wgutiyik gantawitkma'w-i-gi."
By Mouse-Women
by them
defiled-art thou."
fi/

E'wafi,

attached to eyes?

He

said,

s/ "Gm, wu tcu nannicvina'w-gum. Oiya

thin qolowocu'mfiin.
big club.

"Hm!
8/

just

now
to strike

grew angry-I.

Bring

Miyo onau kiplo'nvu."

I will find

them

them."

Ga'lqaLin. He went away.

5

"Qulii',
"Big,

qulu',
big,

qulu'k
big!"

!"

"Appa'nak
"By the grandfather

nenenela'mik.
he appears to
us.
-

Qiwla'gitca,
Tell him,
-

'A'wyek-ye'lka!'"
'With root '-pudding!'
-

"Ya'q"What
tiya'yijI

"

kinau!"
for those!"

"Pa'yitti-ye'lka."
"With berry-pudding of Rubus Arcticus."

"O, pa'yitti-ye'lka
"Yes,
x

with berry-pudding of Rubus Arcticus

x

will eat

kufi."
the pud-

Gaya'lqiwlin, He entered,
"
!"

gafivo'len
he began

yi lquk.
to eat of

"Appa

a^icfia
on your
side

"Grandfather,

ding."

the pudding.

gayiVqata
sleep!"

A^am-e^en, a'yicna
"All right!

Gayi'lqalin, He slept,

s gala wkali

lin

tiyayflqatin." I will sleep." my side x wiflka. "Appa qakya'wgi,

on
,

they painted his face

e/

with coal.

"Grandfather,

get up,

10 a^ona^nivoi
daylight
is

!"

"O,
"Yes,
1

e en
all right!

tiyakya^m."
1

Gakya'wlin.
He
awoke.

coming!"

will get up."

A'wyek^ root of Polygonum viviparum.

32
I will get up." He awoke. "Grandfather, right! have a drink from the river there!" "All right! I o He went away, and came to the river. He will drink." to drink, and there he saw in the water his own began

all

image. a stone
"
it.

I will "Halloo, Painted- Woman you there? drop hammer as a present for you." Oh, he dropped I will Halloo, Painted- Woman drop down my own
!
!

Halloo, Painted- Woman body he jumped down into the water.

! !

shall

marry you
is all.

?"

Oh,

That

"Appa',
"Grandfather,

nVniko
there

va'amik
in the river

yiwgici'ta."
have a drink!"

"E 8/ en a'nau
"All
right!

tiyayi'wgicifi."
I will drink."
s/

Ga'lqaLin, He went,
ulin

gala'lin
he came

va'amik,
to the river,

gafivo'len
he began

i'wgicik,
to drink,

gala

cini'nkin
his

vi'yilviyil.
image.

"Mei,

Ka'li-fia'ut,

he saw

own

"Halloo, Painted-Woman!

gi'ssa
thou

E'nki?
there?

Yipa'fia
(Stone)

mina'yatin."
I

Gek,
Oh,

gana'yalin.
he dropped
it.

hammer

will drop."

"Mei,
"Halloo,

Ka'li-na'ut,
Painted-Woman!

u'wik
body

mina'yatin!
I

Mei,
Halloo,

Ka'li-na'ut,
Painted- Woman
!

will drop.

me'ce mima'ta-ge ?"

whether
I

Gek, u'wik gana'yalin.

Oh,

AccVc.
That
is

shall

marry thee

?"

body

he dropped

it.

all.

3.

The

Mouse-Girls. 1

Mouse-Girl
of

said,

them

lost a tooth, the

to her,

"How

They played, and one one of all. They said youngest did you lose this tooth?" She said, "I was
"Let us play!"
e'wan,
said,

Piprkca-naVgut
Mouse-Woman

"Mino'yicvala."
"Let us play!"

Ganvo'lenau
They began
ilalu'.

uyicva^ik guyicvannivo'lenau.
to play

Qolla gava^nintalen,
One
?"

they were playing.

has

lost a tooth,

the youngest one.

E'wafi,
They
said,

"Ya
"How
1

qi
didst

vannmta'ti

"P'ya-Nipaiva'tmak
"Heavenly by the Envious-one

hast lost a tooth?"

thou

Compare W. Jochelson, The Koryak,

/.

c.^

No. 97,

p.

284.

33
shot
lost

by the Envious-One from heaven.

By
I

his
live?"

arrow

my
to

tooth.
her,

Now
"Do

shall die,

how can

They

Let us carry you stay carried her home. into the house !" Her mother They "I was shot from said, "What has happened to you?"
said

not

outside!

the sky by the Envious-One with an arrow." The mother said, "Let us call grandmother!"
called
to
her,

They

they brought her to the house.

practise

shamanism
anywhere.

(in

order to

find out)

She began where the

small

daughter got her suffering.

not
fit

does
porch.

She said, "My breath Then she wanted to go to the

"Halloo!
I

Ermine-Woman
I

said,

will

go

to the

porch,
there,

will inspect

and so she

the puddings." lost her tooth.

The

small girl pilfered They looked at the

inalqaina'wi, ifii'nninik
I

8/ ma'qmita tuva'nnmtatik. Tyavi yan,

was shot

at,

from

this

one
?"

arrow

I lost a

tooth.

shall die,

me'nqafi
how

mikyula'tik
shall I live?"

Gewnivolen,
They
said to her,

"Ga'cnin,
"In the outside,

mi'qun.
indeed!

Mlninyai'tala-ge."
Let us bring thee home!"
8/

Gek, ganyai'talen.
Oh,
they brought her

iLa

s/

gi'wlin, "Ya'qi
said,

Mother

"How didst
thou

home

Enfia an
thus

i'ti?"

"Ega'fiko
"From heaven

nalqaine'w-gum
shot was I

ma'qmita
with an arrow

wertthou?"

Nipaiva'thitfiinak."
by the Envious-one."
a

E'wafi,
She
said,

An

a'

minaina'wlan."
let

Gaina'wlin, ganyai'talen,
They
called her,

"Grandmother

us call!"

they brought her to the house,

ganvo'len
she began

ana'fiyak,
to practise

mane'nko
from where

nawa'kak
female child

gafioValen.
became
suffering,

shamanism,

E'wafi,
She
said,

"Ui'fia
"Not

wi'yiwi aphpa'tca menkei'ti."

breath

Ki'tan amThen
,

does not

fit

anywhere."

yaqalhefie'tifi taya'nikm.
to the

E'wan ImcVna-nVwgut, "Yawo 7

Said
the

porch

she wanted.

Ermine-Woman,

"Halloo!
x

10 yaqalhenVtm milqa'tik.
to

Yilku mincicatis-qiVnau."
Puddings
I

Qai
Small

the porch

will go.

will inspect.

PUBL. AMER. ETHN. SOC. VOL. V.

34
puddings, and saw that one made of stone-pine nuts had There she left a tooth. Indeed, when at.
pilfering she lost a tooth.

been gnawed
tooth.

"Whose

tooth

is

Ermine- Woman brought in the it?" Ermine- Woman said, "On

shall

which of the small

girls

we

try this tooth?"

She said to one of the small girls, "Open your mouth!" That one opened her mouth. She applied the tooth, but In the same way it did not fit any of it did not fit.
those small
the
well.
little

girls.

Ermine- Woman
!"

said,

"Let us try

it

on

She tried it, and it fitted her suffering girl Ermine- Woman said, "She was pilfering." What

should she do?

ini'nninik
therefore

na'wis-qat woman
yi'lku,
the

tawi'tkini,
did havoc,

vanmnta'ti.
she
lost

8/ Gayo olenau

a tooth.

They found

ma'nin mkli'-ye'lkiyel, na'nyen gaci'chulin.

which
stone-pine

Ra'niko
There

pudding,

that one

was gnawed.

puddings,

nut

va'nnilfiin gape'lalen.
a tooth

Qaci'n Ena'n tawi'tkmik gava'nnmReally

she
pilfering

she

left.

has lost a

talen.
tooth.

Imca'na-na'wgutinak By the Ermine- Woman

Ermine-Woman
?"

crana'tvilen va'nnilfiin.
was brought
in

"Miko'n
"Whose

the tooth.

5 vannilfio'n?"
tooth?"

Imca'na-na'wgut

gi'wlin,
said,

"Ma'nin-qai-fia'wis-"To which small woman

qatik mmtante'nmifilan
we
shall

apply

it

?"

E'wan
She said

nVnin
to

qai-nVwis-qat,
small-woman,

"Quwa^ilat."
"Open your mouth!"

fta^yen
That one
r

yonder

gawafiriVLen.
opened.

Wnmlnin
The
tooth

gatan'apce'pmlin, gaaqai paLen.

she applied
it,

it

badly

fitted in.

I'mi
Also

ga'mga-qai-nVwis-qat,
to every

^mi
also

^aaqa^paLen.
it

E'wan
Said

small-woman,

badly

fitted in.

10

Imca'na-nVwg-ut,
Ermine-Woman,

"Em-tal-qai-nVwis-qatik
tt

qatante'nmma ppty >*"

To

the suffering-small-woman

nan."

I^Ia'nenenak
To
that one
"

p-atante^mmlen,
she applied
it,

gaplepa^in.
it

E'wan
Said
s 8/

fitted in.

Imca^a-naVgut,
Ermine-Woman,

Ena'n tawi'tkinik."
"She
did harm."

Me'nqan
How

ni tva

an?

could she be?

35

Her mother scolded came back.

forked twig."

her,

and

"

said,

Go and

die

Strangle

yourself on a forked twig!"

She (went, and very soon)

go away !" That is all.

iLa
e/

She said, "I could not strangle myself on a Mother scolded her, and said again, "There, She went away, and then only she died.

"

gaqitainVlen.
scolded her.

Gi'wlin,
She
said,

Qiivi yas*qi wgi, qulnaqa"Die,

strangle yourself on a

Mother

tis-qi'woq."
forked twig!"

Gayai'tilen.
She came home.
.

E'wan,
She
said,

"Tapka'vik
"I could not

olfiaqa'tik."
strangle myself
*

on a forked twig."

iLa

8'

gaqitaifia'len.
scolded her.
8/

Gi'wlin,
She
said,

"Toq,
"Oh,

qa'lqathi."
go away!"

Ga'lqaLin,
She went away,

Mother

wu 8/ tcu
then only

gavi yalen.
she died.

Acco'c.
That
is all.

4.

How

a Small

Kamak was

transformed into a
3

Harpoon-Line.

small

kamak

said

to

his

mother,

"I

am

hungry."

She said to room behind I want to. mother said,

Qai-ka'mak
Small

eat something in the storehim, the sleeping-room!" He said, "I do not

"Go and
to

The go to Big-Raven's house." "Do not do it! You will die. You will be
want
iLa
s/
fi

e'wan,
said,

kamak

to the

"Tigitta'tiykm." "I am hungry."

a
al

Gi'wlin,
She said
to him,

mother

"Yinoi'ti
"To
the rear

gawyis'qi'wa."
(go and) eat something!"
s/

E'wan,
He
said,

Qiyme
s/

'en.
to.

Qoyqmn-aTo Raven-Big's
8/

do no want

storeroom

qoyikertin."
(house)."
1

iLa

gi'wlin,
said to him,

Qiyme

en.
it.

Quyavi
Thou

yani,

Mother

"Do not do

wilt die,

The

natives believe that the mice actually

commit suicide by strangling them1.

selves
2

in a forked willow-twig (cf. Jochelson,

The Koryak,
.,

c.,

p.

285, footnote).

Compare W. Jochelson, The Koryak,

/.

No. 98,

p. 285.

36

She said, "Go to the upper storeroom (in the porch) and eat something!" He said, "What for? Those provisions taste of the upper storeroom." She said, "Go to the cache and eat something!" He " What for ? Those provisions taste of the cache." said,
caught
in

snare."

Big-Raven spread a snare close to his elevated storehouse (raised on supports). The small kamak ran there, and was caught in a snare. He began to whimper
"Oh, oh,
"It
I

came

to to

am caught, I am caught!" Big-Raven said, my mind to go and to look at this snare."

it,

He came
what
is

and wanted
is
I.

to enter the storehouse, but

in the

stumbled over something lying

it?"
-

way.

"It

am

caught."

"What now, The small kamak

gawyis'qi'wa."
(go and) eat something!"

nayanoga'thi."
thou wilt be caught
in a snare."

E'wan,
She
said,

"Yas-qalkai'tm
"To the house-top

E'wafi, He said,
"To
the cache

"Ya'qkmau,
"What
for?

myas'qalqaca'caqenau."
they taste of the housetop."

E'wafi,
She
said,

"Olhiwe'tin

gawyis-qr'wa."
(go and) eat something!"

E'wan,
He
said,

"Ya'qkinau, nolhoca'"What
for?

they taste of

caqenau."
the cache."

Quyqmn'aqu'nak
Raven-Big

ena't crantiwa'Len ma'mik.

a snare

iSlanikai'tin
There

has spread

near the elevated storehouse.

gaginta'wlin,
he ran,

qai-ka'mak,
small kamak,

crawcra'len
was caught

ena'tik,
in the snare,

ganvolen
he began

qalhai'ak,
to cry,

"I,

tu'kwak,
I

tu'kwak."
I

Quyqimra'qu
Raven-Big

e'wan,
said,
r

"Oh,
x

am

caught,
s/

am

caught!"

"Yawo', ena
"Well, now,

tpel

miyo
I

snare

will

an, h'gi ti'tcin." to my I had it." visit,

mind

Gayo
He

8/

olen, ai
it,

ak

visited

into the

storehouse

gaya^qifivolen,
he wanted to enter,
7

crenVgalen.
he stumbled.
x

"Wu'tcm yaq, yfnna?"

"This,

now,
x
1

what?"

10 "Gi/mma, kitta tu kwak."

"I,

A'naqun kula kata

And
so

nimeyeyithe was brushing

there
1

arn caught."

with (his)
FIST.

fist

Borrowed from the Russian Ky/iaKT.

37

was crying, and brushing away

"Stop blubbering!
the small
in
I

his tears with his small

Miti'."

fist.

will

take you to

He

kamak

to his house,

and

said,

"O, Miti'
!"

brought dance
!

honor of
small

(our) catch!"

She began

to dance,

"We

have

kamak, we have a small kamak

in

Big-Raven

said,

"You dance
in

dance
to

wrong way. Ga'na, step forth and honor of (our) catch !" She came out and began
a

dance,
!"

"We

have a small ma'kak, we have a small

ma'kak

They "What shall we make

"Not
this.

Big- Raven said, "Really this is right." took him into the house. The house-master said,

If

out of you, a cover for the roof-hole?" am made into a cover for the roof-

va'qen, niqalhai'aqen. "Aqalhai'aka qiti'ykm-i'-gi. Mete'nan

away
tears,

he was crying.

"Not crying

be

thou.

To

Miti'

minyaita't-cre."
I will

bring thee to the house."

Ganyai'talen. He brought him

to the house.

"Mitei', qai-ka'makpel qamsmall kamak small dance "Miti',

la'wun."
for his

Gek,
Oh,

ganvo'len
she began

mila'wuk,
to

"Gaqqaika'makata
"With
8

dance

a small ka'mak

(catch)."
8/

gcina l-mu'yu,
became we,

gaqqaika'makata
with a small ka'mak

gana 'l-mu'yu
became we
!

!"

QuiqmRaven-Big

n'a'qu

e'wan,
said,

"A'lvan qamla'wun.
"Wrongly
thou dancest for him.

Ga'na, qiwi'ni, gi'ssa

Ga'na,
"

come

out,

thou
/

qimla'we."
dance!"

Giwfnilin, gafivolen milaVuk,

She came out,
she began
to dance,
x

Gaqqai-ma ka!"

"With a small ma'kak

kata

gana^l-nWyu,
became
we,

gaqqai-ma kakata
with a small

gana^l-mu'yu
became
we!"

ma'kak'

E'wan Quyqmn-a^u, "Tpa, Enna 8/ an."

Said

Raven-Big,
x

"Indeed,
x

thus."
?"

Gana^vilen, e wan, "Ya qu mintaikila^gi, tomnena^u

They
carried
in,

him

(the house-

"Into

shall

we make

thee,

into a cover for

master) said,
8/

what

the roof-hole ?"

10

EVan, "Qiyme
He
said,

en.
it.

Tomfiena^u
Into a cover for the roof-hole (if)

qinataikila^ik, tiyanlanyou
shall

"I

do not want

make me,
Still

shall feel

Ga'na mixes up

the

sounds of the word ka'mak.

Big-Raven

finds

it

quite right.

38
hole,
I

shall
said,

feel

smoky,
shall

shall feel cold."

The

house-

master
for

"What

we make
this.

the

vent-hole?"

"Not
I

If

out of you, a plug I am made into a

evil spirits

plug for

the

vent-hole,

shall

be afraid of

passing by." The house-master said, "What, then, do you wish us to make of you? Perhaps a work-bag for Miti'."

He

said,

"Not

this.

shall feel smothered."

The

house-

master

said,

"We

shall

make you
a

into a thong."

The

small kamak began They made him

to

laugh and
line

said,

"Yes!"

into

then

they

carried

the

thong, they cut him duly, out and began to stretch it

(left it there).

(tightly).

Thus
to

stretched, they
sleep.

Big-Raven's
people said,
"

people went
fiivo'ykm,
smoky,

Frost-Man and

his

tiyaqatmawnivo'ykin."
I shall

E'wafi,
(The housemaster) said,

Kulipcina'fiu
"Into a plug for the vent-hole

feel

cold."

mintaikila'-gi." we will make thee."

kila'tik,

s/ E'wan, "Qiyme en.

Kulipcina'fiu qinataiInto a plug for the vent-hole

if

He

said,

"I do not

want

it.

you

shall

tiyayimg-umgannivo'ykin
I

fienve'thicfiin."
of evil spirits (passing by)."
?

E'wan,
(The housemaster) said,

make me,

shall

be afraid

"Ya'qu-yak
"Into what, then,

quwai'matm
thou desirest
8/

a'ntai'kl-gi
thee
?

Miti'nak cai'uchu?"
For Miti'
into
a

one should make

"

working-bag ?

E'wafi,

"Qiyme

en.
it.

Tiyapeikilanfiivo'ykin."
I shall feel

E'waii,
(The housemaster) said,

He

said,

"I do not want

smothered."

"fti'lfiu
"Into a

mmtaikila'-gi
we
shall

?"

Gafivolen acacha'tik, e'wan, "O!"

He
began
to laugh,

make thee?"

he

said,

"Yes!"

thong
ISTi'lnu
Into a

gatai'kinvolen, gas'vinvo'len,
they

nVchinon gala'Len,
to the outside

made him,

thong

they cut him (into a line)

they carried
it,

gafivo'len tve'tik, ga'tvelen.

they began
to stretch
it,

Quyqmn'aquVgi
Big-Raven's people

gayi^qalinau.
went
to sleep,

they stretched
it.

Anmmaya^iyik
(Those) with the

giVlinau,
said,

"Quiqmn-aqu^ak
"By Raven-Big

qai-ka'mak
a small

kamak

Frost-Man

39

"Big-Raven has caught a small kamak. They made him into a thong. Let us go and steal it!" They found it, and began to untie it. Then it cried aloud, "Quick,
get up!

Already they are untying me!"

is

"What
awaken

the

matter with our small line?

let

Big-Raven said, It wants to

up,

us.

Quick,

us get up

!"

They woke

and

said to the small

kamak, "What is the matter with you? were you crying so loudly?" The small kamak said, Why "Frost-Man's people wanted to carry me away."

The
thing),

people

living

down

the

coast

heard
small

(about the

they succeeded

how

how Big-Raven caught a made him into a thong

in carrying
it

away,

it

kamak; and and how no one was so watchful. Those

;

people

began

to

say,

"We

will

go and carry

it

away."

ganu'kwalin.
they caught him.
8/

IsYlnu
Into a

gatai'kilin. they made him.

yi'ssik.
to untie
it.

Mmtu'las'qewlan."
Let us
steal it!"

GaThey

thong

yo

olen,
it,

cranvo'len
they began

E'nki
Then

gaku'mfialen,
it

Tna
said,

8
,

found

shouted,

"Quick,

qikyawla'tik.
wake up!
"

Ke'nam nassi'nvo-gum." Quyqmn'a'qu

Already
they are untying me."

e'wafi,

Raven-Big

iSli'lfiipilifi

ya'qfiivoi?
what
is

8 Tenanikyo'nfiivoi. Fna mmikya'wla."

It

"Thong small
5

the
it?

wants to awaken

us.

Quick,

let

us get up!"

matter with

Gakya'wlinau.
They woke up.
"

Gi'wlin, "Niya'qi-gi, nipis'vica'ti-gi ?" They said "What is the Why wert thou crying
to
it,

EVan,
He
said,

matter with thee

(so loud)

A nnimaya'tiyik
Atta 'yol-ya
By Down
(the coast)
8

mtula'tiy-gum."
to steal

"By Frost-Man's people they wanted

8/

me."

mka

gava'lomlen,
they heard
it,

Ouyqmn'aqu'nak
by Raven-Big

qaismall

people

ka'mak ganu'kwalin,
kamak
was caught,

fii'lnu
to

gata^kilin,
they

napkawnm/ykin
they could not
7
-

a line

made

it,

UnVtik,
steal
it,

nilhikyu'qin.
it

Gewnivo^enau, "Mochma'n mintu

They began
r

is

quite wakeful.

to say,

"We

will

go

10 las'qewlan."
and
steal it."

E'wafi,
They
said,

"Mi qun, missatulala^nm."

"Why,

QuyqinRaven-

we

will steal it."

4o
Big-Raven's away." The people living down the coast people went to sleep. came and took the line. It wanted to awaken the other
said,

They

"Surely

we

will

carry

it

people, but are untying

it

was unable

to

awaken them.
are

"Oh, they

me

Indeed, they the line.

already, they carrying untied it and carried it away

me away !"
;

they stole

The
It

others

woke

up, but there

was no
said,
theft.

line whaterer.

down
took

had been taken away. Big-Raven the coast have committed this
it,

"People living
Indeed, they

nobody

else."

was taken away,

still back." Eme'mqut made a wooden whale and entered it. He went away and came to the people living down the coast. Those

Eme'mqut said, we will bring it

"A

very good

line

people

were walking around.

They were

saying,

"This

n'aqu'wgi gayi'lqalinau.
Big's people
slept.

8/ Gu'mlafi gatu'las'qewlin Atta yolby Down Again they stole it

(the coast)

ya mka.
people.

s/

Ganvo'len
It

tenamkyu'nka,
to

qupka'wfiunenau
it

began

waken them,

could not them

yanikya'wnak.
to

"Kena'm
"Already

nassitoya'fivoi-gum, natula'nnivoithey untie-me,

waken.

they steal-me."

gum."

Gassitoya'len, galla'xtalen. gatu'lalin.

They untied
it,

they carried

it

they stole

it.

away,

Gakya'wlinau,
(Those) woke up,

e en
indeed
"

s/

yaq
what

ni'lnin
line

ni'tin,
should

gatu'lalin.
they stole
it.

be there,

Quyqinn-a'qu e'wan,
Raven-Big
said,
8/

Atta s 'yol-ya 8 'mka natula'tm.

"By Down
(the coast)

Ui'fia-

people

they stole

it.

Not

wan

minka'kila,
by anybody
(else),

e en
indeed,

ganka'kila."
by those."

Ama'mqut
Eme'mqut

e'wafi,
said,

"Tan-nTlriin natula'tm, e'wun missaitila'nin."

"Good-line
they stole
it,

Amamqu'tmak
Eme'mqut

still

we

will bring it (back) home."

u'tti-yu'fii wooden whale

gatai'kilin, he made it,

gankag-efie'ti gaya'lqiwlin, ga'lqaLin,

in

there

he entered,

he went,

is

the
is

first

time that such a whale has

come near
it,

to us.

a very good whale." They attacked the whale, came near to at it a harpoon with a new line. The small
It

and threw
lustily

kamak

his breath, Eme'mqut "Why are you biting me? I have come to fetch you home." Eme'mqut threw into the boat of the whale-hunters some berries of Rubus Arcticus, and they began to eat

bit into

the whale.

said to

him under

them.

Meanwhile Eme'mqut

fled in all haste to his house.

He

carried

away

the

new

line,

and took

it

home.

They
it
it.

ceased carrying the line out of the house. They kept always in the inner room, so the others could not steal

That

is

all.

gala'lin.
he came.

Atta 8 yol-ya 8/ mkin galai'vmvolen.

Down
(the coast)

Gewnivo'lenau,
They were
saying,

people

walked around.

"Wu'tcu
"This time
only

ini'nnin yu'ni qulai'vun,

such

mal-yu'ni."
good-whale."

whale

comes

(to us),
8

Gayufiyupe'nyilenau,
They attacked
the whale,

'olen, they came close

gayo

v tui-m lna
with a

gata'kyilin,
they threw at
it,

new

to

it,

(harpoon) line

qai-ka'mak yu'fiyuk gamalmai'vulen. Amamqu'tinak gi'wlin

small

ka'mak

into the whale

well bit.

Eme'mqut
te'tti-gi."
fetch-thee."

said

vi'n-va,
secretly,

"Ouya'qm
"What
art

qinei'gu?
art biting

Gumna'n
I

Atvigeiie'ti
Into the boat
8/

thou

(come

to)

doing

me?

Ama'mqut
Eme'mqut
x

pa'yitta

gape'wiwalen.
threw
into.

Isfa'nko
Then

gana

linau

with berries of Rubus Arcticus

they were

pa yittok.

Ama'mqut gamalhintaVlen
Eme'mqut
well fled

yaite^in.
to the house.

GangmHe
stole

eating berries of Rubus Arcticus.

tawa'Len,
it,

ganyaftalen
he brought
it

8/ gana^kaulen tmala tik.

;

Qo^pu
Altogether

home

they ceased

to carry

it

out.

ya'lku
in the inner room

ninnipfiivo^en.
they kept
it.

Qo npu
Altogether

ganka'wlinau
those ceased

tula'tik.
to steal,

10 AccVc.
That
is

all.

42

5.

Big-Raven and the Kamaks.

Raven-Big said, "I will slide down hill." [He slid down He went and found a mountain, which was the hill.] From that mountain he slid down, and largest of all. rolled into the porch of the house of the kamaks. There he came in. Small kamaks went to the porch, and said,

"Oh, human game has come

"I

to us of
I

its

own

free will!"

am

not

human game,

am

a man."

They took

him
joint.

into

the house, and began to eat his body joint by

Still he was alive. They consumed Big-Raven. Then he came home, because he was a shaman. He recovered his senses, and said to his wife, "Cook

Quyqmn-a'qu e'wan, "Mni'kak, myalitcus'qi'wak."

Raven-Big
said,

GaHe

"I will do

will slide down-hill."

something,

yalitcus'qi'wlin.
slid

down.

Ga'lqaLin, He went,
down,
to the

ma'nin
which

nima'ymqin
big one

nai'riai,
mountain,

na'nakafiqo gaya'lilin, ka'mak-yaqale'tifi craku'lalen,

from that

nVnyen
there

he

slid

kamak's

porch

he rolled

in,

gai'pilen
he came in

Quyqmn'a'qu.
Raven-Big.

Na'nyau qai-ka'makau yaqale'tin

Those
small ka'maks
to the

porch

ga'lqaLinau gala'linau.
they went they came.

"Oyamya'taya^yoa
"Of Man-game
of his

ga'nti-mu'yu."possessed

own

we."

will

"O, gu'mma qa'cik oyamyei'-gum ?

"Oh,
I

gu'mma
I

oya'mtiwileiman-am

whether

Man-game-am
x

I?

gum."
I."

Gana^vilen, anina wi mqupu'wi nanonvo^kmenau,

They brought him,
he looks up.
his joints

they are consuming,

vfyafi
notwith-

lelapitconvo'ykm.

Quyqmn'a'qu
Raven-Big

cranu^in,
they ate him,

imin
still

standing

gayai'tilen,
he came home,

m^qun,
why,

nafia'nqin.
he
is

a shaman.

10

GachicanVwlen.
He recovered (his
i

E'wan,
He W.
said,

"Qita'pafi."
"Cook soup!"

Gata'panlen.
She cooked soup,
c.,

senses).

Evil spirit

(cf.

Jochelson.

The Koryak,

1.

p. 27).

43

some soup
all

for

me !"

She cooked some soup, and he ate

alone a large kettleful.

Then he

said to Miti', "Bring

the big

hammer !"
it.

swallowed

He

She gave him the hammer, and he arrived at to the house of some kamaks,

and vomited through the vent-hole. (He filled the whole The big kamak house) and made them climb upward. was standing in the middle of the house. Big-Raven struck him with the hammer. He killed him. Big-Raven came home. That is all.
iSla'nyen Then

kuka'-yicnra'qu
kettle-ful big

am-E 8 na n
alone he
l

ganu'lin.
ate.

E'wafi He said

Mete'na,
to Miti',

"Qiya'thin
"Bring

ki'lvi-yipa'na."
(large)

Gai'liLin.
She gave
him.
it

Gek,
Oh,

grooved

to

hammer!"

ganu'lin.
he ate
it!

Gek,
Oh,

gala'lin
he came

kamakn'aqo'yikifi yinootne'ti gafito the

kamaks' (house)

into the vent-

he

hole

vo'len
began

grya'lik,
to vomit,

gampga'wlenau.
he made them climb

Kama'kn'aqu
Ka'mak-big

gino'nin the

upward.

middle

cottai'mk-tve'tekin.
outer part of the house
is

ISIa'nyenata
With
that

standing.

ki'lvi-yipa'ta (large) hammer

groove

gaki'plulen,
he struck him,

ga'nmilen.
he killed him.

Quyqi'nn'aqu gayai'tilen na'nyen.

Raven-Big

A'ccic.
That
is all.

went home

that one.

6.

Kilu

and the Bumblebees. 2

his

Eme^qut
Enna 8/ an
Thus

lived

with

people.

He
/

married Kilu',
into

but they were childless.

One

time

Eme'mqut went

Amamqu^inu
Eme'mqut's people

vanvolai ke.
lived.

Amamqu^inak
By Eme'mqut

Kllu
Kilu'

gama^alen,
was married,

u^na
no

akmi^ika
childless

ori'Linat.
they were
(dual).

Va s/ yuk
Afterwards

large stone

Compare W.

hammer with a narrow groove for hafting. Jochelson, The Koryak, /. ^., No 107, p. 294.

44
the open (country).

He

followed a river upstream.

Then

he saw numerous people. Some of them were women. Their bodies were resplendent with the reflection of light.
All
the

wore
fell

jackets of broadcloth, all the women calico overcoats. He Eme'mqut hurried to them.

men wore

in

love,

and began

to help those people.

They were

Very soon he married a BumblebeeWoman. Those people were Bumblebee people. His new wife brought forth numerous children. Then Kilu became restless, and could not sleep. She came to the river, and followed it up-stream. Then she looked around, and saw those fishermen. Eme'mqut was
fishing with drag-nets.
/

Ama'mqut
Eme'mqut

notai'tm
to the

ga'lqaLin,
went,

va'am-eche'ti
river-up stream

ga'ulin,

va s 'yuk

(open) country

he followed, afterwards

ganyininifia'linau
appeared
to

i'nalka
numerous

oya'mtiwilu,
people,

s ya'nya e 'en na'wit-

him

partly
1

women,

qatu, li'gan mimtelhiyalai'ke, qla'wulu am-palto'lu,

even
resplendent with light,

men

all

in jackets of

na'wis women

broadcloth,

qatu am-mani'ssalu.
all

Ama'mqut
Eme'mqut

avi'ut gala'lin, gaqalei'pilin,

in haste
s

in calico.

came,

fell

in love,

ganvo'len
began

vinya'tik
to help

kana'tila k.
fishing with

Avi'ut
In haste

Yu'qya-nVut
Bumblebee-Woman

drag-nets.

gama'talen.
he married.

fta^yeu
Those

qaci'n
indeed

s/ Yuqyamtila nu.

Tnajka
Numerous

Bumblebee-Men.

kmrfiu g-aitoiVilenau. V
children
8/

she brought forth them.

Va yuk
Afterwards

Kilu
KYlu'

nVnyen gapkawnivo'len
that

yayis-qa^fiik.
sleep.

one
7

could not

Galqaun va'amik eche

She went
to the river

ti,

va s/ yuk gaLapitconvolen, a'nke

afterwards

up-stream,

she looked around,

there

10 gagetanvo'lenau
she saw

kana'tilu.
the fishing

Ama^qut
Eme'mqut

a'nke
there

o^aka
together

people.

Borrowed from the Russian na/ibTO OVERCOAT.

45
there

with

them

them.

She scattered around a large quantity of fly-eggs. All the became Bumblebees. The fishermen also turned to eggs Bumblebees. Eme'mqut could do nothing, so he went home. That is all.
kana'tiykm.
is

Kilu' approached pulling in the nets. trampled to death Eme'mqut's new wife, who

Gayo

8/

olen Kilu'nak.
by
Kilu'.

Amamqu'tmin
Eme'mqut's

na'witqat
woman

fishing.

She visited them

g-acaficis-qu'lin,
she trampled her,
s/

ya'qam
only

ai'kipa
with fly-eggs

gapi'wyalin.
she scattered herself around.
8/

Yuqya'nu
Bumblebees

gana

linau,

imin
also

kafia'tilu
fishermen

yuqya'nu gana
bumblebees

linau.

Ama'mqut
Eme'mqut

they became,

became.

niyaqnivo'ykin.
what had he to do.

Gayai'tilen.

Acco'c.
That
is all.

He went home.

7.

1 Eme'mqut's Whale-Festival.

Eme'mqut and
hunting
whales,

his

people
killed

were

living.

and

one

whale.

They were They took it

ceremonial.

home.
also the

Then they arranged a thanksgiving

together
all

They gathered

the reindeer-breeding people,

shall

Magpies (namely, Magpie- Women). "What "Magpie- Woman, you dance!"

Thus

sing

Enna 8/ an Amamqu'tinu vanvolai'ke.

Thus

Enna 8/ an gavalaikithey were

Eme'mqut and
people

his

are living.

lanvo^en
pursuing

yu'nyuk,
a whale,

gayunyu'linau,
they killed the whale,

g-anyaitannivo^enau.
they took
it

home.

Va vuk *
s/

pfenacaxcannivolenau. I'mi cVwcuwau. V

they arranged a thanksgiving ceremonial,
all

Vakithimall

Afterwards
8/

reindeer-breeding

Magpie-

people

tila

nu ganumaka'wlinau,
they gathered,
/ /

to,
oh,

Vakfthi-na'wgutinu.
Magpie-Women.
8/

People
a

Vaki
'

thi-fia

wgut, qamla'wge!"
dance!"
/.

"Ya'qin-yaq
"What,
<.,

ti

wik?

"Magpie-Woman,

then,
p.

shall I say?

Compare W. Jochelson, The Koryak,

No. 89,

266.

46
while dancing?
told
wallets!'
I

am

unskilful.

Vakikikikikiki

7
.

My
7

mother

me, 'Do not leave anything from the other people's My grandmother said to me 'Leave something
Vakikikikikiki
!"

from the other people's wallets!'

B

"When we come to find them, is," our wallets are (half-)eaten." Magpie-Woman had nothing to say, so she felt ashamed and flew away.
So
it

said Kilu

"Oh, you Fox-Woman! it is your turn to dance." She grew excited and sang, "My brother, Pilferer, made a
knife with a well-ornamented handle.
I it

But with what

shall

eat
to

the

whale-skin?

forgot
shall
7

it.

He wanted
iLa
e/
7

to strap

my

thigh.
7

With what

eat the whale-skin, eh?"

Alaitilacnei

-gum.

Vakikikikikiki
Vakikikikikiki'
7
!

Unskilful-am-I.

By mother

ga

ini
I

wi,
told,
7

'Tu m'From

am
I

7 ginau kawa ssochu annuwai

ka!'
7

An-a nak
By grandmother
!"

ini wi,

'Gan'Leaving

the other

wallets

do not leave
anything.'

am

told,

men

nuwai a ga'nta!'
something
do!'

Vakikikikikiki

Vakikikikikiki'!"

"Cemece e/ n."
"So
it

Kilu
Kilu'

e wafi,
said,

87 Mityo oykinenau, kawa

s-

is."
7

"We come
nitha an?
had
to
7

to find
7

them,
7

the

sochu
wallets

ganu
7

linau."

Yi'nna
What

Ye li
There

gayi

fialin,

are eaten."

be done?

she flew away,

cranekela len.
she
felt

ashamed.
7

s "Toq, Yayoca mtila n,

orin-ya
thy

"O,
x

Fox-Woman!
"

q qamla wg-e
dance!"
7

!"

Ganvo
7

len

turn,

She began
kilin. he made it.
7

yathipa wnik,
to

Kothafio nak mal-kal-yekoi gu-wal getei

"By (my brother)
Pilferer

grow

excited.
7

good-ornaniented-handle-knife
7

Ya'qa
With
what
he wanted

tiyithi

lgu?
?

Gantigiva Len.
I

Assa
On

ki

gaiqa ntenma
arranged

shall I eat

forgot

it.

the

whale-skin
7

thigh

10 ninayatei kinqin.
to

Ya qa
With
what
In

tiyithiloai,
shall I eat

va?"
ah?"

make

it.

whale-skin,
Yay'oca-mtllcfin^ -mtllcfin
is
is abridged from oya'mused more frequently for the masculine,

Literally,

VuLPES-HoMO.

for the feminine, Yayo'ca-nawgut Fox- WOMAN is used. Still the ; form may refer to both sexes, but here it is used exactly for Fox-WoMAN. The same is true in all analogous cases.
first

HOMO. Fox-MAN and

tlwllaln

This compound form

47

The

old

man Big-Raven

said,

"Ah, ah! they are singing

about their feeding at other people's expense." Still another Fox- Woman began to sing. She also grew excited.
"I

am

she

who

eats

hard excrements.

am

she

who

gnaws Ah, she was brought to shame by Eme'mqut. He said, "Yes, when we find them, the snowshoe-strings are gnawed She felt ashamed and went away. through."
"O, Small-Magpie-Woman!
it

the snowshoe-strings."

is

sing? I feel On the gables of other people's storehouses, with her running and skipping foot, the magpie is striding and
I
!

"What,

then, shall

your turn to dance." ashamed. Vakikikikikiki'

E, fia'nyen gani'kalin I'npi-qla'wul gewfiivo'len, QuyqinOh,

that

did something

old-man

said

Raven-

n'a'qu,
Big,

"Ann,
"Ah,

ann,
ah!

tu'mgin
other people's

Enna 8/ an
thus

yamainannfg-itnin
growing up'

nanaina'wiykininau."
they are exclaiming about."

Wsqifi
Another

gani'kalin,
did something,

E'nki
there

gafivo'len,
she began,

ye'ppa
only

yathipawnYykin.
she
is

growing excited.

"Hard excrement woman am

eating

"Kim-a^lu-na'wiy-gum,
I,

tigi'lnusnowshoestrings eating

na'wiy-gum."
woman am
Eh!
I."

Ce! Amamqu'tina ganekela'len.

Of Eme'mqut
she grew ashamed.
3/

"te, mityo oykmenau,

"Eh,

e/

we

find them,
/

tigi'lnu
snowshoestrings

g-acvi'tculinau.
are cut through.

Mityo oykmenau, We find them,

she went away.
x

tigi'lnu
snowshoestrings

gacvi

t-

are cut

culinau."
through."

Ganekelalen, ga^qaun.
She
felt

ashamed,

"Toq,
"O,

Qai-Vaki'thimtnVn,
Small Magpie-Woman!
s/

gm-ya q
thy turn,
!

qamla'wge."
dance!"

10 "Ya'qin-yaq
"What then

ti

Shall I say,

wik, tenanfierkilfiin! Vakikikikikikf, to'mukto the other Vakikikikikiki', my shame

people's
-

megenVtin o'tna-kla'w-gitcVta nitinpuvaqa'tqen."

storehouse
gables

"Ann,
"Ah,

with a running skipping

foot

she

is

pecking striding."

1 This means, that they are exclaiming about (the fact that they are consuming what serves for) the bringing up of other people's (children).

48

"Ah, ah! they are singing about their feeding at other people's expense. O, RavenWoman it is your turn to dance." "Caw, caw! my cousin's shadow passes on the water." [Raven- Woman began to dance (and sing) in this manner: "My cousin's shadow passes on the water."] "Caw, caw! Oh, I like
pecking at the food."
!

you while you pass !" She finished her dance. Then and the two (Magpies) were sitting
your voice!
dog's
inner

Eme mqut
there.
"

went

out,
!

girl

use

Abuse Eme'mqut!"
skin,

"He

is

on reindeer inner skin.

"Off!

feeding on (He is conin

suming) on dog's inner skin?

a reindeer-hoof!"

When

have we fed
the open
less

Even when wandering

inner skin.

we do

not

eat

(reindeer)

Much

do we

ann,
ah!

Enfia 'an
thus

tu'mg-in
other people's

yamainanni'grtnin.
growing up.

To, Va'cviO,

Raven-

fia'wcrut,

gin-ya'q
thy
/
i

qamla'wge."
dance!"
/

"Qoofi,
"Caw,

qo'ofi,
caw!

Woman!
yela'linak
cousin

turn

gii'mik By my
began
/

s mil-tawyi lnila n."

is

Wcvi-na'wgut
Raven-Woman
/
i

ganvolen
s

on the shadow water

"

thrown."

Enna s/ an
thus

mila'wik,
to

Gumik-yela'linak
"By my
cousin

mil-tawyi lnila
is

n.

dance,

on the shadow water

thrown.

s/ Qo'on, qo'on, Enna an qenanvalelna'win."

Caw,

caw!

Thus

thou art pleasing me."

E
out

8/

en

Enna 8/ an gamlawanka'wlen.
thus

Va 8/yuk
Afterwards

E'nki
then

ganwent

Then
to'len

she ceased to dance.

Ama'mqut.
Eme'mqut.

E'nki
There
"

vai'ke.
they are
(dual).

"Ilia!
"O,
girl!

qaqoleyaVage,
use your voice,

Air^mqut
Eme'mqut

qiya'wa."
(ill-)use."

A^ta^yipna',
"With dog's inner
skin

qoyayipna', qoya'with reindeer inner skin,

/

reindeer

atvagilnVn
hoof!"

!"

"Got,
"Off,

ti'taq

mu'yu
we

mita 8 ttayi pnula

we on

when

dog's inner skin have fed?

49
eat

dog's

inner

skin."

Ah!

they

felt

ashamed

and

wanted to skin a dog. "Halloo! who me?" Raven- Woman said, "I will hold it." They went out and began to skin the dog. Raven-Woman "Who pecked out this eye pecked out one of its eyes. "I do not know." here?" She pecked at the coccyx.
will

flew away. Yini'a-na'wo-ut

hold

it

for

"Was

it

here?"
pierced the other eye, and the liquid squirted

Then she

on Yini'a-na'wgut.

"Are you now looking

for this

one?

What
I

of that!
lay

will

But this carcass only shut my mouth." aside." She buried it in the ground under a
I

steep river-bank.

Qu'nam
Even

nu'tak
in the

ui'na
no

ane'lhiyipnuka.
not eating inner skin.

Li'giqai Much less

mma

ttafed

we have

(open) country

yi'pnula."
on dog's
inner skin."

Ye,
Ah,

g-ayi'fialinat, they flew away

(dual),

ganekela'lenat ni'ka.
they
felt

ashamed

somehow,

(dual)
8 "Ane', maki'kic ne e-

Yini'a-fia'wgut
Yini'a-na'wgut

taa 8 ttanvannVtik.
wanted
to skin a dog.

"Halloo!

who

there

will

naa'yen?"
hold
it

Wcvi-nVwgut,
Raven-Woman,
8

"Gu'mma menaa'yek."
"I
will hold."
/

Ye,
Ah!

for

me ?"

ganto'lenat, ganvo'lenat
they went out,
they began

a ttanvanna
-

tik,

lela'lfiin
an eye

gaito'len.
she took out.

to skin the dog,

"Wutca'kin
"This here

lela'lnm
eye

mannu'qi?"
where
is

"Qo!"
"I

it?"

do not know."

8/ Citca ttamik An the buttocks

bone

tinpo'ykmen.
she pecked.

"Ma'ci wu'tcuk?"
"Whether
here?"

QaLa

nvilin.

Yini'a-nVwgut
On
Yini'a-na'wgut

gepetcaita'Lin.
it

"AchHan
"This

She pierced the

(other) eye.

squirted.

now

nenenaye'ye-ge ? Gumna'n tmpitcVwun, ya'qu-kic?

seeking art

Wu^sin
This

thou?

gnashed

my

teeth,

what there?

10 gilhitva^ mlnu'mkawin."
carcass
I

Yifiyimlage^ka gulguVlin.
Under a steep bank
she buried
it.

will lay aside."

PUBL. AMER. ETHN. SOC. VOL. V.

50

Then they finished the thanksgiving ceremonial with the food appointed for distribution. The reindeer-breeding people loaded their sledges quite largely with sole-leather
cut

out

from

the

middle,

and

scraped

clean
tied

of hair,

also with

thong of the same quality. They loads (and went away). That is the end.
E'nki
Then
s yu'la n

up

their

craplitcu'linau
they finished

inacaxca'tik.
performing the thanksgiving ceremonial.

(Ja'wcuwau
Reindeerbreeders

that,

what was

appointed for food

gamaifii-inanVlinau im-qu'lta-vi'thiya, im-i'lna-vi'thiya.

largely loaded (their sledges) with
sole

GeThey

middle,

with thong
hairless

middle.

hairless leather

noma'lenau.
tied
it

8/

ccic

na s/ llifi.
grew.

up.

The end

8.

Eme'mqut and

ila'.

Big-Raven was living with his people. Eme'mqut (his Eme/ mqut went out, and found outside son) had no wife. an old man who was (busy) making ornamented (tobacco-)
mortars.

He

said

to

him,
w

mortars are you making ?

the
house.)

"What kind of (tobacco-) The other one said, ("Go into

an old woman.
(Tell her) to

You

will

find

Ni'ykau Quyqmn'aqu'nu vanvolai'ke.

Some
5
ui'fia
not

Gek, Ama'mqut
Oh,

Raven-Big's people

are living.

Eme'mqut
e/

ana'wtmka.
wifeless.

Ama'mqut
Eme'mqut

notai'tm ga'lqaLin, crayo olen

to the

(open) country

went,

he found

I'npi-qla'wul.
old

Ta-kale'-kipla'nekm.
Making-ornamented-(tobacco) mortars he is.
?"

Gek,
Oh,

e'wan,
he
said,
r

"Ya
r

man.
x

q"What

kinau E nyau kipla'wi qutei'kinmau

(kind)
those
(tobacco-)

Gek, na nyen e wan,

Oh,
that one
said,

thou art making

mortars

them ?"

Compare W. Jochelson, The Koryak,

/.

c. t

No. 101,

p.

289.

cook a meal
old

for you."

He

woman) cooked a

entered (the house), and (the meal. When she had finished

cooking, she took the meat out of the kettle, (and gave it to the guest.) He ate, and soon was through with
the meal.

Then
tars;

the old

man went home and gave him

the mor-

and he said to him, "Take these with you, haul them away, but (in doing so) take care not to look back at them !" He went away and hauled the mortars, but he did not look back; and though the mortars were heavy, he did not stop. At last he saw that a large (reindeer-) herd was passing ahead of him. Then he stopped and looked back. A (young) woman was (sitting) in a covered
sledge (driving a reindeer-team).

He

took a seat (on the

"Ne'nako qiyo e/ oge caca'me, a 8 nkukai'vi-gi."

"There
them wilt find old woman,
let

Gek, gaya'lOh,
he

her cook for thee."

qiwlm,
entered,

ganvo'len
she began

kukaiVik,
to cook,

gek,
oh,

na'nyen
that

gaph'tculin
finished

one

kukai'vik,
cooking,

gek,
oh,

gakuka'fipaLen,
she took (the meat) out of the kettle,

gawyefivo'len,
he began
to eat,

gawya'nhe refused

kawlen.
eating.

Gek, na'nyen
Oh,
that one

gayai'tilen, I'npi-qla'wula gai'liun ki'plau. went home, by the old man he was given the mortars.

Gi'wlin,

"GaLa'xtata wu'tcau, gaVnfiivota.

"Take them
(with you)
these,

Kitta' atawalTake
x

He

said,

haul them away

care

do not

mla'ka."
look back!"

8/ Qek, ga'lqaLin, ganvo'lenau a ak,

ui

na atawalnot

Oh,

he went away,

he began them

to haul,

not

nila'ka,

Tnmiq

tapafiafiivo^kin,
it

ui'fia
not

a'nvilka.
not stopping (he was).

Gek,
Oh,
x

looking back in truth (he was),

was heavy,
e/

Enna e/ an
so

nekanvo^km,
he did something,

gaca awlin,
he looked,

nalvilaVaqu
herd big

mk
him

of

10 yanote'ti
ahead

cralafwx/ykin.
to pass begins.

Gek,
Oh,

ga'fivilen,
he stopped,

gatawalnilalen,
he looked back,

52

same
in joy.

sledge).

They two drove home, and

lived

there

Then ila' said, "How did you come (by all this)?" The other one then told him, "I found an old man who
was working on ornamented (tobacco-)mortars." ila' said, "I understand." He set out and found the same (old
man).
the old man), "What kind (of mortars) are you making?" (The old man) said, "Go and find the old woman Let her cook a meal for you !"

Then he

said

(to

and she prepared a meal. Then she took (the meat) out of the kettle, and he ate. (The old the mortars, and said, "Haul them man) gave him, too, away, and take care not to look back at them !"
went
to
her,

He

qaya'ciku
in a covered

na'wis'qat woman

va'ykin.
is.

Gek, fia'nqo gana'lqrwlin,

Oh,
there

he

sat

down,

sledge

galqa'Linat, crayai'tilenat, crayennawnivo'lenat.

they (two) went, they (two) came

they (two) lived in joy.

home,

Gek, na'nyen
Oh,
that one

ila'
lla'

e'wan, "Gi'ssa me'fikan

said,

i'ti?"

Gek,
Oh,

"Thou
s

how

wast?"

na'nyen ganvo'len i'wak,

that

one
8

began

to say,

"Tiyo 'an I'npi-qla'wul ta-kale'man old "I found makingornamentedila' gala'lin,

lla'

kipla'fiila n."
(tobacco) mortars."

Na'nyen e'wan, "Tiye'yolok!"

That one
s

said,

"I understand!"

came,

assa'kin
of the other

pa'nin
the
(old

g-ayo

'olen.

Na nyen
That one

eVafi,
said,

"Ya^kinau
"What kind

same

he found him.

day

man)
?"

E nyau
those
s/

qutefkifiinau

Gek,
Oh,

giVlm,
he
said,

"ISIe^ina-caca'me
"That
old

thou art making?"

woman

qiyo ogm,
thou wilt find
her,

a^kukaiVi-gi."
let

Galalin,
He
came,

ganvolen kukaiVik,
she began
to cook,

her cook for thee."

gakuka^palen,
she took (the meat) out of the kettle,

gawyHin.
he
ate.

Gifmlafi
Again
7

gaHiLin
he gave him

kiplaVi,
(tobacco-) mortars,

10 grwlin,
he
said,

"

GaVnnivota,

kitta

atawalnila^a."
do not look back!"

"Haul them away,

take care

53

He
take
stride

hauled them away, and every

a
rest.

He moved
out

little while he would and he would make one on,

and then

he would look back.

of one
it

One

time a rein-

deer-leg

sprang at
get the

appeared it and struck

marrow).

of the

mortars.

But he

(in

order to break the bone and

Another time he looked back, and a

He sprang appeared (out of the mortar). at it, and struck at the mortar with his knife, and chopped up the (reindeer-)face. Then he came home, and left (his sledge) with Eme'mqut. (There was nothing on it) but
(reindeer-)face

the tobacco-mortars.

That

is

all.

Qafivo'len He began
on,

a 8 ala'tik,
to haul,

a'mfiuc
every time

panawginivo'ykin.
he
is

Tawa'He moves

taking

rest.

nekin, qu'n'ac vaqyi'yikm, gii'mlan tawalnila'ykm.

one time
he
strides,

Enna'n
One

again

he looks back.

qo'yen gitca'lnm kipla'giginko gace'pfiitolen, penye'kinen

of reindeer
leg

out of the mortar

peeped

out,

he rushes
;

at

it

talai'vik.
to strike.

Gek, gata'wanlen gti'mlan,

Oh,
he moved on
again,

cratawalfiila'len
he looked back
;

gek,
oh,

gu'mlan
again

gatawalfiila'len,
he looked back,

gumlafi
again

Io lqal
(reindeer-)face

8/

gacE'pnitolen.
peeped
8/

out.
7
-

Gape'nyilen
He
rushed at
it

vala'ta
with the
knife

ki'plak,
at the

gaqa'yiculin
he chopped small

Io lqal,
the face,
8/

gayai
he went

mortar,

tilen.
home.

Gapela^enau,
He
left

Amamqu^inak gayo
with Eme'mqut

olenau.

AmMere

them,

he brought them.

kipla'wi yiltelai'ke.
mortars
are lying.

Acco'c.
That
is

all.

9.

How Eme'mqut
his

became a Cannibal.
people.

Big-Raven lived with

Eme'mqut married
Vi 8/ yai
Grass

Quyqmn-aqu'wgi
Raven-Big's people

vanvolai'ke.
live.

Amamqu'tinak
By Eme'mqut
No. 108,

(-Woman)
'

Compare W. Jochelson, The Koryak,

/.

r.,

p.

295.

54
Grass- Woman.
out."

Eme'mqut
"It

said

to

his

wife,

"Let us go

seems that you are going to do This time I shall said, "Why should I? wrong." not do so." He went out into the open country and came home, having killed wild reindeer. Then he staid for a After that he staid for two nights night in the open. and very soon all the time. Grass-Woman went for a visit to her father Root-Man. She came and looked through the vent-hole, she quietly looked in and saw that He just then Eme'mqut had split Root-Man in twain. was eating his own father-in-law.
said,

She

He

Grass-Woman
gama'talen.
he married
her.

went

to

her

open-country

house

and

Amamqu'tinak
By Eme'mqut

e'wafi
he said

fia'wis'qatin, to the woman,

you are going
to

"Minnu"Let us go

tila'tis-qiw."
into the (open)

Gewnivo'len,
She
said,

"Qa'yimm
"It

quyaakuyicva'nfiin."
do wrong."

seems

country!"
8 E'wan, "Ta ya'qak?

Achiva'n qaye'm."
This time
I shall not."

Notai'tm qaniiiTo
the (open) country

He

said,

"Why

should I?

he

is

vo'ykm,
going,

ya'tikin,
he comes,

elvau'
wild reindeer

ga'nmilenau.
he has killed them.

Va 8 'yuk
Afterwards

gatcewnihe passed

vo'len
a night

Enna 8 'an,
thus,
8/

gek,
oh,

va 8/ yuk
afterwards

nee'tcm,
twice,

va s/ yuk a'mfiut.
afterwards
all

the time.

fta'nyen Vi yai ELe'ti ga'lqaun, Tatkagitni'yikm.

That
Grass
to

Gala'lin,
She came,

her

went,

to

Root(-Man).

(-Woman)
looked in

father

s/ gawaVvilin ymootnVnqo, male'ta gawaVvilin, e en

Eni'n
her
(father)

into the vent-hole,

quietly

looked

in,

8/ nVno Tatka'gitnm gakaggi^pelen akila c Amamqu^inak,

Root(-Man)
r

yu ykinin mata
he was eating

lie split / 8

him

in twain
r

just

now

by Eme'mqut,

that one

la n

cini nkin.
his

father-in-law

own.
x

him

10

s/ Ra'nyen Vi yai nekai

ti

notayai^ifi gatalqiwlin.
into the (open)

Ya'lku
In the inner room

That

Grass

somewhere

entered.

(-Woman)

country house

She put one small louse into the inner room, and another into the storehouse. Then she fled to BigRaven's (house). She came to Big-Raven's, and said, "I do not know what has happened to Eme'mqut." They constructed a raised platform. Oh, Eme'mqut came to the open-country house, and he called, " Grass- Woman !" and it answered from the house, "Oh!" He came to the storehouse and called again, "Grass- Woman!" and it answered from the storehouse "Oh!" He recognized the voice of those small lice. He said, "The deuce! She is me!" He said, "Maybe I shall not be able to deceiving eat those people!" He came (to Big-Raven's house).
entered
it.

The people were

sitting

on a raised platform.

Eme'mqut

qo'La
one

qai-mi'mic,
small
louse,

qo'La
one

ai'ak
in the

o'pta qai-mi'mic gayo'olen.

also

small

louse

she put

in.

storehouse

To,
Oh,

s'nnu Qoyqmn-aqoyikai'tifi gagi'ntawlin.

she
to the Raven-Big's (house)
fled.

Ooyqinn-aTo
the Raven-

qo'yikifi
Big's (house)

gala'lin.
she came.

E'wafi,
She
said,

"Ya'qikm, a'mu,
"What happened
to,
I

Ama'mqut?"
Eme'mqut?"

do not

know,

GatuiVenlinau.
They constructed a
raised platform.

Gek, Ama'mqut nuta'yak

Oh,

gala'lin, e'wafi,
came,

Eme'mqut
e'wafi,
it

to the (open)

he said,

country house

"Vi s yoi'."
"Grass

Yayacikoi'tm
From
the house
a

"A?"
"Ah?"

Aia'ciku crala^in,
To the storehouse
he came,

said,

(-Woman)!"

gu'mlafi
again

e'wan,
he
said,

Vi s yoi'."
"Grass

Aiacikoi'tifi

e'wan,
it

"A?"
"Ah?"
/

From

the storex

said,

(-Woman)!"

house

ftanyainVnu
Those

qai-mi'mcit
small lice
(dual)

valo'meke.
he heard them.

E wan,
He
said,

fti

yuq!

"The deuce!

taymtim/nikin."
deceiving she
is."

EVan,
He
said,

"Qaye^
"Not

nVno-van
those

mmutnaI

shall be

able

nXwge."
to eat

Va 8/ yuk
Afterwards

ginini'lin.
he appeared.

them."

Ui'velqak gana'lqiwlinau. On the platform they were sitting.

56

"Maybe I shall not be able to eat them, since they have constructed a platform !" He approached, and began to lick with his tongue (the supports of the platform). Big-Raven cut at his tongue with a hatchet. He broke the edge of the hatchet and when he examined it, it was quite jagged, like the broken gums (of an old man). (He did) the same with an axe then he examined it, and it was also all jagged. Big-Raven said, "Well then, Grass-Woman, give him
said,
;

She dropped their small son into his mouth, and he spat out mere broken bones. Then BigRaven said to him, "Well, then listen to me! Since you are like that, listen to me Just do try and eat your
his

own

offspring!"

own body!"

Immediately he began to gnaw the points

E'wan Ama'mqut, "Qaye'm na'nu minutnanau'.

Said

temya'q
Really

Eme'mqut,

"Not

those

I shall

be able to

eat.

gatui'vefilinau."
they constructed a platform."

Gala'lin,

cilinmilula'tikm.
with tongue licked.

Quiqinn-aqu'nak
By Raven-Big
ga'tte,
hatchet,

ga'thata
with hatchet

He
ci'lul
tongue

came,

cvitcu'ykmin,
he cut
at
it,

I'mifi
all

cima'tikin
he
is

yicica'tikmin,
he
is

breaking
s/

examining

it,

gainnimcacai'vilin.
it

Va ak
8/

al

o'pta
also

gan-cica'lin,
he examined,

o'pta
also

is

with broken gums.

Afterwards

axe

I'min
all

gammmcacai'vilin.
it

is

with broken gums.

Quiqmn-a'qu
Raven-Big

e'waii,
said,

"Vi e yoi', cini'nkin Eni'n ya'qu-E'nki."

"Grass

own

his
(child)

what of that."

(-Woman),

Gana'yalin kmi'fiipil ciki'tnik.

She dropped
son small
into the

Gatamtivalen.
He
spat out (broken) bones.

Quyqinn-aBy Raven!

mouth,

qu nak
Big

gewfiivo^en,
he said
to

"Ya^u-e^ki,
"What
of that,

qenava^om
listen to

tini't
Since

him,

me!

10 Enna an
so

8/

qi'ti,

qenava'lom, u'wik ve^ha-qo^om qnu'nvon."

listen to

thou
wert,

me,

self

just

now

consume."

57
of the
his
nails

of his

own

toes.

After that he consumed

At last legs; then his body, arms, and shoulders. the neck was left, merely the throat. Then only merely did he die. After a while they burned him.

the dark. Their fire had and Yini'a-na'wgut said to her sister, "Let just gone out, us go and stop up the smoke-hole !" They stopped up the smoke-hole-, and then they began to say, "Those two are coming back (One of them) is carrying something on his shoulders. It seems to be Eme'mqut, carrying his little son." (Indeed,) those two came and said, "Bring out the fire!"
in
!

One

time they were sitting

The women carried out the fire. They fed the Then only did the new-comers enter. sacrifice).

fire

(with

Va 8/ yuk
Afterwards

u'wik
himself

ganvo'lenau va'gitcmu yu'kka.

he began them
nail-points
to eat.

8/ To, va yuk

There, afterwards

(of toes)

I'min
all

gitca't
legs

uwi'kinat
his

own

g-anu'linat, he consumed
them,

va 8/ yuk
afterwards

u'wik,
body,

va s/ yuk
afterwards

mi'ncrit,
arms,

va 8/ yuk cenpi'nmm.
afterwards
shoulders.

Va 8/ yuk
Afterwards
8/

am-elei 8/ neyi,
mere
neck,

ammere

qamatcVn
throat

ga'tcilin.
became.

Wu 'tcu
8

Then only

gavi

lin.

Ganqa'ngawlin
They burned him

he died.

tito-o'n.
after a

long time.

Va 8/yuk
Afterwards

vos-qe'ti
in the dark

guyetvei'nelenau,
they were with extinct
fire,

va 8/ yuk
afterwards

Yini'aYini'a-

nVwgutinti
na'wgut (and
her' sister)
.

gewfiivo'lenat,
talked (dual),

"Mmto'mnalqiw."
"Let us stop up the smoke-hole!"
Vf

GatomnalThey stopped
x

qi'wlinat,
the smokehole,
x

va 8/ yuk giVlinat, gewnivo'lenat, "Ce, assa kinat

then
they said,

they talked,
x

"Ah,

those (two) of the other day

ya
are

tiki.

Qulumti'citalat,

tiVgak, Eni n km^nipil gaqulumit

coming! They carry something on shoulders,

seems,

his

son small

he carries on

10 tHin."
shoulders."

Va 8/ yuk
Then

crewnivo^enat,
(those) said,

"Milho'n
"Fire
fi/

qanalaga^ca."
bring out."

Gamilhina'linat, ginalva^inat.
They
carried out the
fire,

Wu

tcu

ga'lqiwlinat.
(those) entered.

they fed the

fire.

They only

58

From
the

that

time

on he ceased to say, "Let us go to

open country!"
lost
all

They
places.

desire
staid at

They

They staid at home all the time. to roam in all directions and to all home at the same place. That is all.
i'wak,
to say,

Qo'npu ganka'wlin
Altogether

"Minnutila'tis-qiw."
"Let us go to the (open) country !"

Qo'npu
Altogether

he ceased

am-ya'yak vanvolai'ke, qo'npu ganka'wlinau

only
at

ga'lnil
in all

menwhere-

home

they stay,

altogether
8

they ceased

directions

kai'ti ya's-qanfiik. soever to want to walk.

Am-ya'yak gana
Only
at

'linau Enna'niku. Acco'c.

in

home

they became
(staying)

one place.

That

is all.

10.

1 Eme'mqut and Fox- Woman.

Eme'mqut married Fox- Woman. He said, "I will go and get some blubber from our summer place." He arrived there. One of the flippers of his blubber-bag was gnawed at by a mouse. The mouse was dead. He found it and said, "What is it, a wolverene?"

He

loaded

it

on

his sledge

and hauled

it

home.

He

came home.
E'enac
One
5
time
"

Then

only he looked back and saw that

Amamqu'tinak
by Eme'mqut

Yayo'ca-na'wgut
Fox-Woman

gama'talen.
he married her.

E'wafi He said,

Mimi'tqantak a'la-nimyolhe'tin."
"I will

Qala'lin.

Pipi'-

go

for

blubber
s

to the summer-habitation."

He came
s/

there.

By
that

kalna
mouse

pu'pgan
the blubber-

ga pakolo'len.
was gnawed
flipper.

Gek, gavi yalin na'nyen

Oh,
died

at the

bag
7

pipi'kalfiin.
mouse.

E nke gayo s/ olen.

There
he found
it.

"Yinna'wi,
"What
is
it,

qapayn-a'qu
a wolverene?"
/

?"

Wuya tik
On the
sledge

gainVlin
he loaded
it,

ga^afivo^en
he began
haul
it

to

yaite'tifi. home.

Gayai

ti!en.

He came home.

Wiftcu
Then only
1

gatawalnila'len,
he looked back,

gagi'talm,
he saw,
/.
<:.,

e en
and No.
1

8/

qapayn'a'qu
a wolverene

Compare Jochelson, The Koryak,

06, p. 294.

59

mouse had turned into a wolverene. He looked into the house and said, "Mi'ti, I have killed a wolverene. Let some of you come out."
the

They took
drum.
boot-strings

in the wolverene and began to beat the Fox- Woman, the untidy one, was sitting with her

loose.
!

She was looking

for lice.

"Oh, you

Fox- Woman

it is

your turn to beat the drum."

The

untidy

woman was making leather thimbles. She began to beat the drum, "I am an unskilful one, I am an untidy one! I am eating hard excrement, left outside I am eating
!

strings

of snowshoes in the brightness of the full moon." Whenever we come to look Indeed, they eat them.
1 snowshoes, the strings are eaten.

for our
s/

gana

lin.

became.

Gacvi'nanlin, He looked in,

"Mitei', tiqa'payuk
"Mi'ti,
I

Ganto'ta!"
Come
out
'."

killed a
!

wolverene

(somebody)

Enna 9/ anet gana'tvilen qapayn-a'qu, ganvo'lenau

Then
they brought in
the wolverene,

ilu'tcuk.
to beat

they began

the drum.

Yayo'ca-nawgut,
Fox-woman,

vace'n'fii-naw, pca'ggitfiit ganvi'yiwlinau,

untidy-woman,
the boot-strings

were loose,

milu'ykminau.
she was looking
for lice.

"Toq,
"O,

Yayo'ca-na'wgut,
Fox-Woman!

gm-yaq
thy turn

qilu'tcu."
beat the

drum."

Vace'nfii-fiaw ve'lo
Untidy-woman
(leather)

ya'qam ninataikmvo'qenau,
was making,

ni'ka.
somehow.

Go,
Oh,

thimbles

ganvo'len ilu^cuk, "Uq^gwai-naw-i-um, vace'nni-nVw-i-um,

she began
to beat the

"Unskilful

woman am

I,

untidy

woman am

I,

drum

nu'ta-maikina'ta,
in the
left,

qim-a^lu-cu^u-naV-i-um,
hard-excrement-eating
eating-

woman am

tignnu-cVcushowshoe- eating
strings eating-

I,

(open) country

nVw--um
woman am
I

by the

full

moon."
/

O
and

shining
8

nnen Enm ninak nenanunvo^enau. Nenavo 8/ nvo-mu yu

by those
they ate them.

Indeed,

When we

find

them,

10 e s/ en ganu'linau.
they are eaten.
1

Remark

of the narrator.

6o

ashamed and went away, even with untied She went away, and did not come back. boot-strings. After some time Eme'mqut went outside and found her. A number of children were there. He said to Foxfelt

She

Woman, "Whose
'Perhaps they
will

children are these?"

"I said to myself,

go away was delivered

into the

me back somehow. I wanted to And I open country for my delivery.

keep
"

outside.'

"Now,

at least, stop

your clamor!

Let us go home !" They went home.

before,
for

The

thimbles which she had

made

and hung up outside, now turned somehow to clothes numerous children. The people were asking Eme'mqut, "From where have you brought the woman ?"
her E^'en
Then
8

ye

ganekela'len,
she
felt

ui'fia
not

alpini'tcalin
not tied bootstrings

ga'lqaLin,
she went

there

ashamed,

away,

qo'npu ga'lqaLin
altogether

va s/ yuk
;

qu'lin
afterwards

Ama'mqut
Eme'mqut

notai

tifi

ga'l-

she went
8/

away

then

to the (open)

country

qaLin,
went,

gayo

olen.

Yaya'fia s'nki va'ykm.

1'nalka valai'ke
Numerous
are

he found her.

house

there

is.

kmi
5

nu. Gi'wlin Yayo'ca-fia'wgut, "Wutcai'u minka'kinau?"-

children.

He

said to

Fox-Woman,

"These

(are)

whose?"

"Gii'mma newfirvoi'-gum, 'Pa'La

"I
told myself,

me'fiqafi
in

niyanfiepnivoi'they will keep

'Perhaps

some way

gum.
me
back.

Kmefia'tinvu
For delivery
"

no'tafi
to the

nilar-gum,
I

ninaito^voi-gum
I

went away,

was delivered

(open) country

m/tak.'"
in the (open)

Achiki'cu-ai'naka, minyai'timik."
this

"At

time

do not
clamor,

let

"

us go
r

home !"
veli'lfiu
thimbles

country.'

then

Gayaitinvolenau.
They went home.

Kmi'nalvin
Of her numerous
children

assa kinau
recent

nenashe

taikinvo^enau,
made them,
x

nVcfim
outside

nenanyopannivo'qenau,
she was hanging them,

nVnyeu
those

10

ssu

s/

gana

linau

m ka.
somehow.

Gewnivolen Ama'mqut, "Mafie^qo

They began
tell

to the

became

to

Eme'mqut,

"Where from

dresses

6i
a l

brought her from the open country.

to

Long ago

she went

away
those
skilful

All give birth to her children secretly outside. In truth, she was a together are her children."

seamstress, and had no reason for going

away and

living in secrecy.
1 After that they lived in joy. Eme'mqut married Kilu, Ila' married Yini'a-fia'wgut. When so disposed, they would

ascend the river and catch plenty of winter fish. Then would return to their house-mates. They killed plenty they of game. In this manner they led a happy life. What
has become of them
I

do not know.

That

is

all.

fia'wis-qat the woman

s/ yatha an?"

"Nuta'nqo.
"From
the (open). country.
8/

Ai'nun kmi'fiu
Long ago
children

viVva
secretly

thou hast

brought?"

nenaitos-qewnivo'qenau.
she went away to bear them.

en

na'nyeu
those

oma'ka
together

fssu."
they."

Then

In'miq
In truth,

fia'no
that

awa'nfii-naw,
seamstress-woman,

atau'
vainly

fia'no
that

Enna e/ an
thus

mtva'filived

one

one

voqen
5

vi'n'va.
secretly.

Qo'npii
Quite
r

gaaimiyo'olenau.
they lived in joy.

Amamqu'tinak
Eme'mqut
married.

Kilu'
Kflu'

gama'married,
/

talen,

Ila

nak Yinra-naVgut gama^alen.

Yini'a-na'wgut

Gaimawlai

ke,

Ila'

(If) they wish,

crepilai'ke,
they go upstream,

varamik,
by the
x

^epinvolai^e,
they begin to go up-stream,

qatapnitinvolarke,
they catch winter
fish,

river,

va s/ yuk yaya
then

lu

nayo^vo^kinenau.
they are visiting.
x

Tnalka gfynik ga'nPlenty

of

the house-

game

they

mates

mitculen.
have
killed.

Va yuk
8/

na no ^aaimiyo^lenau, me'fiqari a'nam

those

Afterwards

were living

in joy,

in

what

then

manner

10 cr^Linau.
they became.

A^cic.
That
is

all.

The

narrator

seems to have forgotten the marriage of Eme'mqut with Fox-

Woman, and

their subsequent reconciliation.

62

ii.

Ermine-People.

I.

One Ermine-Man came Ermine-People were living. and said, "You are asked to live with Big-Raven's home,

He people." said to him.

enter.

was

telling

lies.

They came to Then they were beaten

Nothing of the sort was that house, and wanted to

and said, "We are home and began to talk, "Let us go and live in a cave !" They went and lived in a cave. Afterwards they were caught by a flood. They had to climb upwards. That is all.
away,

severely. rejected here."

They went They came

Imcanamtila s/ nu vanvolai'ke.
Ermine-Men
tila
s

Gek, na'nyen Imcana'mOh,

that

are living.

Ermine-Man

gayai'tilen,
came home,

gi'wlin,
he
said,

"Quyqmn-aqu'nak
"With Raven-Big's (people)
indeed
not told

qiyaipila'tik."
live together."

fta'no nitinma'tqen.
That one
is'

Ui'na i'nmiq i'wka ga'ntilen.

Not
he was by them.

Gala'They

telling

lies.

linau, gafivo'lenau yalqi'wik,

came,
they began
to enter,

ganvo'lenau

ki'plik.

fta'nyeu
Those
7

those began them to strike.

ganto'lenau,
went
out,

gi'wlinau,
they said,

"A'nku nalnilaikme^ik."
"To
refusal

Gayai
They
7

we

are put to."

tijenau, gewnivo'lenau,
came home,
they said,

"AgenVti mmilqa^mik."
"To
a cave
x

Galqa
They

let

us go!"

Linau, gala'linau.
went,
they came.

JSIa'nako
There

nka vanvolarke. agi

in a cave

Va s/yuk
Afterwards

they staid.

gatanvo^enau, gatrpgalenau.
they were flooded,

A^cic.
That
is
all.

they climbed upward.

12.

Ermine-People.

II.

Imcanamtila'nu
Ia nin
8/

vanvolai'ke.
crakmi'rialen.

Va 8/ yuk

ni'ka Imcanamti/

na'wis-qat

Imcana mtila 8 n

e'wafi,

E'wan, "Ya'qa miccakilis'"Canalo^fia'wis-qat kmina'ti." s/ vila'fiin?" a al va'ykm." "Tikei', a al "Tike'nviyik

fi/
-

tu'yik

va'ykm?"

"Ufna."

A'nam
va'ykm?"
le'yikifi

Aig-invfyikifi
"Ui'fia.

g-alalin,
7

"Amei

7
,

a s/ al

wu^cuk
Aigi-

A'nam
,

Aigile'yik

va^km."

gala^in.

"Ai^ilei

a e/ al

wu'tcuk

va'ykin?"

"Wuttmno'!"
10

8/

al

ga'kmiLin,
"

gayai'tilen,

wu

tcu

na nyen

ki'lkil

gi/ptilin.

Ganvo'lenau

takno^ik,

Imca^ala^ gapax Lin.

Gai-

Gewfiivc/lenau,

Qoyqmn'aqoyikartin qaivilala^ik."

12.

Ermine-People.

II.

Ermine-People lived. After some time Ermine-Woman brought forth a son. Ermine-Man said, "Ermine- Woman
has brought forth a son.
cut

[He
"

said,]

W ith
7

what

shall

we
has

the

navel-string?"
-

W^ith-Smell-Pusher- Away
-

an axe."
(I

"O

Smell-Pusher! have you an axe?"-

"No,

have

not.)"

Then he came to Have you an axe?"

Averter has one."

W ith-Odor-Pusher-Away.
T
-

"Halloo!

"No,

(I

have

not,) but

With-Odor-

He came

to With-Odor-Averter.

"Here it is!" have you an axe?" He took the axe, came home, and only then did they sever the navel-string. They began to arrange the birthfeast. They cooked for this one Ermine-Man. The master said, "Carry some meat to Big-Raven's people!" They
Odor-Averter
!

64
vila'lenau.
a

Ga'lqaLin, gala'lin, gi'wlin,

illa

8'

kmina'ti."

"Ya'qafi Gewnivo'len, '"Ya'qafi ya'ti?

ya'ti?"

Qa

8/

latci."

A
5

tte'tin

gani'nlalin,

ya^tilen,

cri'wlin,

qlaVula."
qaivila^i."

gai'liLin, gu'mlan ga7 am-Miti'nak yu nin, ufna ^npia Yaivache'nin fnpi-qla'wul. Gifmlafi fiarafi

am-kama'ni
7
,

"Amei

Gaivilalen,

gewnivo^en,

"Ya'qafi

ya'ti

?"

Gu'mlafi

Quyqinn-aqu^ak

aVun-qama^a

gan^nlalin

fias'hinoi'tifi.

Gas-s'alviyelin

v^ya'tvik,
"

10

Tti yu^aq?" mal-nawa^ak.' 'Awni/p

"

"Me^qan

ya wac gayai tilen. x " Amamqu^inak am-a yetvata,

'Qi"

va 8/ ak

Mi'qun Ama'aiqut eVafi,

Ine
7
!

aipila^ik,

qiya'Latik.'

Gu'mma gifmlan
/ /
fl

ga-

tu

yikmina^-i-g-um."

"A^lifi anne nyi-emte

ta.

Yelm

gataVanlenau, galalinau.
Gala^inau,
K

"Imca'nalu ya qkinau
x

15 a^a^ciginkinau."
nalnilaikine^ik.

ganvo^enau kfplik.

ganvolenau yayaVqiwnik, a nku nalnilaikine'mik." Gi nku Isfahan ma^a mya'nutin." G^mlafi

Quyqinn-aq^nak

u'tta

ganvolen

kfplik.

EVan nawa^ak, "G^mma

20 qlaVul
qala?
x

miya^utik.
x ?

Eni

x
,

fnpi-

qinaya qi

qinanginkila'wi

ini

GankaVlenau, galqaLinau.
Achineto' mfnflqala."

Va

8/

yuk,

"Menkeito

tiya^eulan." 7 minil-

Gamicnola^etm
yalin.

g^alqaLinau.

E^mik

s/ -

gayalelin, gavi

Gata^"Mai, nimalqin, nikaw^caqin, nima^qin." x E nki ayfyai 25 yalinau a^i'nki, gayilqalinau, gan'kiaca's'qiwlin,

65
carried

some meat.

(One
said,

girl)

They
forth

said,

"Why

did you come?"

went and came .there "The mother brought

did you

(a child)."

They
!"

"Why

come?

You

smell of excrement

They threw the meat to the dogs, and gave her back She went home again and said, "Oh, the empty dish.
Miti' ate it all herself, (she gave) nothing to the old oh "Poor thing, that old man! man." Carry again some more meat there." She carried the meat; and they said to her, "Why did you come?" and again Big- Raven threw
!

her out of the house, together with her dish. She remained there in a swoon the whole day, only then she came home. "Why did you stay there so long?"

"Eme'mqut held me back all the time, (saying, 'This is a) very good girl.' Moreover, Eme'mqut said, 'Go there, live "Oh, but I have just now given birth to a together!'" " Have no care. I will carry it wrapped in a child !"
-

coverlet."

They
there,

set off,

and arrived

there.

"

Why

have those Ermine-

People come?
them.

They

smell of excrement."

They
began

arrived

and wanted

to enter, but the others

-

to strike

come.

"Oh, they reject us!" Let enter first!"

"(No,) they bid you wel-

mamma

Again Big- Raven began

to strike

them with a
said,

stick.

go first. Eh, old man, why are you bidding me such a welcome ? I can shake (my coat) They were rejected, and went away. After that myself."
"I will

The daughter

they said,

"Where

shall

we go?
cliff

We
fell

will

go

to a cave."

They went
Man)
fell

to a place rich in edible seaweed.

(Ermine-

down from
to,

and
it

in

a swoon.
(cliff),
it

(Then

he came

and

said,)

"Oh,

is

a good

makes

you motionless with pleasure, a very good (place) !" They descended into a cave, and slept there. (Ermine-Man) went out in the night-time to pass water; and there (on
5

PUBL. AMER. ETHN. SOC. VOL. V.

66
1 Gaya'l"Mei, GiwiLe', mani'n-ac i'ti?" mi'mja gata'Jen. "Ma'ki ninanimgumcra'w-i-gi ?" kiwlin. E'wan, "'GiwiLe', 'Mal-kico'l !'" ?' E'wan, mafii'n-ac E'wan, mce'lpoqen

e "Oai'lim mina 'so'nvola."

Gayi'lqalinau,
galu'tai-gi."

"Gi'ssa va s 'yuk anqa'ta gatanvo'lenau. Gani'E'wan, Tpa a'nam gi'ssa galu'tai-gi.

kalinau, gi'wlinau, "Anqa'ta natalaikme'mik.

Ganvo'lenau
;

e'nmik yatipga'nnik,
gati'pgalinau.

I'mifi

kmi'nu nanimtihntati'ykininau
tipga'tik,

Gaya'nulen

gei nnalin

s/

nito'lmn,

10 guptmta'lin.
"Oakokaivila'tik."
Gi'wlin,

Gati'pgalinau, wu'ssin?" E'wan,

nape'lan."
e

"Minka'kin

"Tanno

nigala'qenau,

wo'tto nito'lfiin

Gafivo'len ipa'tik.

Aki'nna
s/

t
"

ganvo'len ta 'hk.
15

Isfa'wis'qata gi'wlin,

gapgupgannivo'len, Ya'qiykin ?" E'wan,

"Tita c 'hykm."
T

Ganu'lin, gavi yalin.

8

a'wis-qata gaca nito'lnin mitnu'lan.

'

IN

'ulin, nito'lnin

Eni'n

ui'fia.

"Eni'n

a'mu

Mefikeito'

mini'lqala?

we' tin,
nau.

te'mik-olgiwe'tm." Acco'c.

Imcanala'wge

Ga'mga-olgiqo'npu gana^'li-

13.

Eme'mqut and

the
s

Kamaks. 8

20

Amamqu'tinu vanvolai'ke, va 'yuk notai'ti ga'lqaLin, 8 E'nki yaya'na gayo 'olen. ^wlin, "Mai, La'wa, gi'ssa?"
STONE-FACE. Standing columns of natural rock frequent on the shore and mountains of these countries, also the large bowlders lying about are considered by the natives to be human-like beings, petrified, but still leading a
1

Giwii.e'

cliffs

mysterious

life

of their

own

(cf.

Bogoras,
285).

North

Pacific Expedition, vol. vii, p.

The Chukchee, Publications of the Jesup Ermine-Man pretends to have seen one
was only a standing block of
ice,

of these

beings catching fish in the sea; but it too unstable to be considered as a living bring.

67

were submerged in the success have you had in He went back into the house, "With catching fish)?" whom have you been talking?" He said, "(I inquired) what success Stone-Face has had catching fish with a small
the
sea),

upright

blocks

of ice

water.

"O Stone-Face! what

drag-net; and they answered, 'All right!"

She

said,

"Now

we

shall eat

some cooked
to sleep,

fish."

and in a little while the sea-water came to them. "You have passed water." The other one "It is you who have passed water." said, They looked around, and said, "We are caught by water." They began to climb up the cliff. (Ermine- Woman dragged up) all the children. Even all the straps were snapped (in two). They climbed up. He climbed first; then one of

They went

down detached. The others climbed up. "Cook (this meat)!" (ErmineWoman) said, "Where does it come from?" He said, "The Chukchee passed by and left it." They began to cook it. As soon as the (water in the) kettle began to he felt unwell. The woman said, "What is the boil,
his sides fell

He said, "I am unwell." They ate you?" the meat, and he died. The woman saw that one of his sides was missing.
matter with
"

(She exclaimed,)

We

have eaten one of

shall
!

his sides without

knowing
other

it

Where

people's
is

caches."

To every cache, to we go They turned into real ermine.

Kamaks. 3

That

all.

13.

Eme'mqut and
with his

the

Eme'mqut
into the
2

lived

family.

One

time

he went

open and found there a house.

(A voice from)

The Reindeer Koryak and the Reindeer Chukchee call each other mutually by the same name, Ta'nnitan (cf. The Chukchee, /. T., p. n). 3 Compare W. Jochelson, The Koryak, /. r., No. 102, p. 290.

68
a

E'wafi,

La'wa, mani'rrac oya'myan?"

3

E'wan, "O, mital-

vola'mik.
yito'nen.

"O kmi'nm E'wafi, Ame'yaq na'wis-qat?" Qu'nam mu'yi am-ya'yak oya'myafi miti'nmm.
!"

La'wa,
5

qana'fiya

"Mannu'qi ya^ay."
kisva'cik va'ykin."

"Me'nqafi

Ttiykin?

Na^o vfyan

Gafivo'len ana^yak.
gutinte

Gatann'as'qa^lenat k

gaqlaVula.
niki ta.
x

Na^yen gana^ulin.

Amamqu^inak

gagmtaVlinat
10 ya qoi'm?"

Gan-kiacacas-q^wlinat, ganto^enat.

"Kmi'nin gina^vilin.

Ya

qatqi?

INI^yaq v^nvit, ya ya'lm,

Gaya^qiwlinat,

La wa

o^/aLin.

a'chi ya'ti."-x

Fpa gayi^qalinat. La wa, ya^i? Wo'tto ya ti, "Mai, 8/ 3 "Ti'ta gu'mma tra'tik. Wu tcu tra'tik."
gifmlafi
x r

15

"A'me mani'trac I'lvui?" "Toq, La wa, qana'nya.*

s/
/

"Ui'na,
r

mitpilhalarkm."
"Trai,
trail"
4

Ya yay ga^miLin, oya^tiwijen

ana^iyak.
tiroi,

lo ol-pine

t.

Ga^vo'len

Na'nyen niqulila^qin.

caVcuwen. Amamqu'tiyik fia'nyen gannawtifia^in, Oo'npu gaaimiyo^lenau, gatvanvc/lenau qo'npu.

1

'-

Oya'myan HUMAN GAME is a word used only by the spirits. Here a man is spoken of as a "wild reindeer." In other

tales

man

is

spoken of as a "little seal." 3 These words are supposed to be in the language of the kamak.

They

differ,

69

there

How are you "Halloo, La'wa is that you? He said, "Well, getting along with your human game?"
said,
!

How is (my) wild reindeer. been delivered of a son. "And just even we two, staying here at home, have killed one man. "And where is the Now, La'wa, call to the spirits!"
we two have
-

killed

some

wife?"

"She has

drum?"

"[What

is
it

the
is

know?)
-

Of

course,

matter with you?] (Don't you there on the cross-pole."

Eme'mqut the kamak-woman, together revived the other man. They

with
In

called to the spirits.

He
with
fled

put them to sleep, He her husband.

in

the

Eme'mqut. together those sleepers wanted to pass water.

said,
is

the

middle

night-time, of the night

out,

They came
-

and
and

it?

"Our son has become quite There are two foot-tracks,

entered,

light of foot.
-

And how

one

to this side,

the other to that side.

and again went to sleep. Then their real son, La'wa, came home. "Halloo, La'wa! have you come? Not long ago you were here, and now you come back another time." - "When have I been at home? I have

They

arrived just

now."

"Nothing
call

killed.

We
of

to

the

spirits!"

"How is your reindeer hunt?" were famishing." "There, La'wa, He took the drum. (It was made

of

pieces

of)

skin

He began
was he

to call to

women's breasts sewed together. the spirits, "Trai, Tiroi, trail" Thus
Eme'mqut's
family, and marThey lived quite

singing.

The
ried

other

man

lived with

daughter of a reindeer-breeder.

happily.
however, from

They
the

staid there.

That

is

all.

r instead of y.

ordinary Koryak of the western branch by the repeated use of This makes them similar to the eastern Koryak dialect, and to the

Chukchee.
4

Compare

the preceding footnote.

14.

Eme'mqut and

Shellfish-Girl.

Ouyqmiraqu'nui vafivolai'ke. Gek, Ama'mqut gas'hmva c yuk gayo 8/ olinau ki'lkakau, ki'lkakil gu'ptilin, tih'lin,
gek, oranvo'len qalhai'ak, e'wafi, x Aia nac "OankaVgi 7 qalhai^k. x 5 gini n lipyui nu'ptin."
a

lgigi'."

E'wafi fia'nyen,
x

qas'wugigene'tm

yi

nna

Gek,

grani'kalin,
x

Gaya^qiwlin, taLin. iSla^ako vanvolai^e.

s/ gaca awlin, E'nki yaya^ilin gato^walen. x a chikin g-ama^alen. Gek, na nyen ganyai r

ccic.

15.

Eme'mqut and
x

the Perches. 1
s/ gayo olen

notai tin

ga^qaon,

8 nimyi ssa n.
7

10 Enke

qatapnitilarke
x

qana^ila-gi^iw

am

titica

pela qa.

gassa len qata^-va^am, nanako tamkaln'aqu gax ma'n-awi'wut taiki ykininau ta^kalyfssalin, gata^kilin.

Enqa

ta

u'ttu.

ganna^tifiaLin. 8/ 15 Trtic-a'wulpel-peLa'qit ganyaitanfiivolenat Enfra anet gas/ yai'tilanat e en tamkaln-aqu ga^pilen.

gai'liLin,
Ti'tic-a'wulpel-peLa^it ganunfiivolenat, Enfia nvot gani x e/ a s/ kalinau va yuk, qlaVulpelit linat. E'wan, Mi kna/

Qo La

Enna nac Yayo^a-nawgut

gana

'Amamqu'tina-mu'yi / / 20 kmi ni-mu yi." Enna 8/ anet patta 8/ la mani'ti gayfssalinat am-ga^mac nanka'kenat na'wis-qatit. Pilvfnti-ya'nyagayissalinat
kmi'ni-mu'yi
>

mu'yi

?"

"Qi'wa,

a tvila 8 t galqaiJnat.

Ya

qit

Ganya^talenat na'nyaqit na'wis'qatit. a'mu gatomwalenat, gumakalinat, as'ka^ikilinat.

girl.

Acerina cermia. This tale was told by a young ment of longer and more coherent tale.
1

It

seems to be a

frag-

14.

Eme'mqut and

Shellfish-Girl.

Big-Raven lived with his people. Oh, Eme'mqut walked along the seashore, and found some shellfish. He detached one shellfish, and it began to whimper, "Igigi'l" He said, "Cease your crying! Yonder among the stone-pine bushes (lies) your detached hood." It had turned into a Oh, he went and looked for it small house. He entered the house and married that Shellfish-Girl. Then he brought her home. They lived
!

there.

That

is

all.

15.

Eme'mqut and
into

the Perches.

Eme'mqut went They were catching

were small perches. river, and filled with
such a set.
After

the

open and found a

village.

winter fish with drag-nets. The fish He dragged a net along that fishingfish

a set of drying-poles.

He made

Very quickly he constructed those drying-poles.

they gave

him Fox-Woman, and made He brought home two small dried perchhim marry her. These he brought home, and hung them on the tails.
a while
drying-pole.

They were going

and
we?"
all

eat these small dried perch-tails, at once something happened. (These small tails)
to

turned

into

small

men.

They

said,

"Whose

sons

are

Then

are sons of Eme'mqut.'" "Say, the (two) girls of this place filled with dried meat

'We

two bags; one for each [they filled]. They went away in T iron canoes, and took the girls along. hat has become

of

them

do not know.

They went

together, (both of

them), headlong.

Knna s 'an

genacixcannivo'lenat,

lawtilfiu

gaipifivc/lenau.

Gen-acixcatpaanvo'lenat, Amamqu'tinti gen-acixcatpaanvo'8/ lenat. ISIanka'kilu gana linat, gaaimiyo'olenat. A'ma-qli'kakmi'iia

gakmenannivolenau Yayo'ca-fia'wguta.

Laqlanyo'ykin,
x

ga'lnil

tilaivmvolai'ke.
x

Nanyemkiciwni-

vo^kmenau va caq.
1

Acco

c.

6.

Miti'

and Magpie-Man. 1
Gek, Quyqinn'a'qu
Miti
/ x

Ouyqmn'aqu^u vanvolarke. "Muwicna^ik." Gek, nVnyen

qiwnivo'ykinenau.
10

e'wafi,
1

qai'-a^ttu

yawyetis

Vakithfmtila^
x
i

na'niko

awyenyo'ykln.

Na

nyen Miti nen

fia'nyen

ninpik

nui nin yicemawfiivo'ykinen. Miti

x
i 7

Gek,

yai'tekin.

Quiqmn-aqu^ak
?"
i'ti."

ewni-

v</ykmen,

"Gaya^lin
o'pitcinik
s

i^nui'fiin

"A^ta'ya
1

am-i s/ fia
/

gati'npiculin s/ yik, Enfia an

E'wan,

Gek,
7

Quyqmn'aqu^ak fmm a tta ya o'pitcinu I'min cuw^ykininat. v Gek, gu'mlan na^yen wicna^iykin. INIa'nyen Miti nito
ykin
qele
!"

tta

yalqak vagalekin, nivo'ykin giya^cak, "Mo'ol-

Va 8/ yuk
ya'lku."

Vakithi mtila8 n

"

gaya'Li'n,

giVlin,
x

Minya'lqiw
tin.

Quyqinn-a^u

qaye'm

iVa

niya

Qaye'm

20 enalha^mik."

Ki kic gaya^qiwlin ineyegefte'tin, na'niko gaginnicannivc/lenat, va yuk Quyqinn-a^u gaya^in gaGana'tvilen.

fi/

ku'mnalin,

"Mitei',
x

qetigo'n v^y-i'mit."

"Ikjayo'k ane tm.

1

Gu'mma

ta pti'ykin."
/.

Gek, e'wafi Mi ti, r E'wan, "Gina n

p.

Compare Jochelson, The Koryak,

c.,

No. 100,

288.

73

Those

(i.

e.,

Eme mqut

and

his

wife)

were sent away

by the people, and were given (reindeer with) halters of Then the people ceased to send them away. They grass. 7 ceased to send away Eme mqut and his wife. They became as natives, and lived in joy. Fox- Woman now was bringing forth mere male children. Winter came, they were wandering in all directions. At times they visited their neighbors. That is all.
1

6.

Miti'

and Magpie- Man. 1

his family.

Big-Raven lived with

"I
will

(go and) fetch

little

Oh, Big-Raven said, 7 some willow-bark." Oh, Miti went

to feed the

puppies. Magpie-Man came to eat there. 7 He pecked at Miti 's face (to indicate his love), and her whole nose was covered with scratches.
!

He said to Oh, that one (Big-Raven) comes home 7 Miti "What has happened to you? Your nose is scratched all over." She said, "By hitting with my nose against the sharp ends of the dog-shed corner I was
,

Oh, Big-Raven cut away all the ends of the dog-shed corners. Then again he went for willowbark. Miti went out, perched on the top of the dog-shed, and began to sing, "I am walking along the cross beam!"
scratched
thus."
7

Then Magpie-Man came, and

sleeping-room Big-Raven will not catch us."
!

said,

"Let us enter the

soon.

will

not

come back

He

She took him into (the house). Just as soon as they entered the sleeping-room and began to make love there, 7 then Big-Raven came back, and called out, "Miti take 7 7 2 this load of willow!" Miti said, "Let the I kla bring it
,

down
feet."
2

busy trampling a half-scraped skin with my "Nay," said Big- Raven, "I want you to take it
human shape
(cf.

am

Small wooden charms of

Jochelson,

The Koryak,

/.

^.,

p. 42).

74
a'limiii

qeti'gin."

To,

Miti'nak

crai'tilen,

gakti'nvelen,

gana'tvilen.
ISIa'nyen

Ouyqinrra'qu gaya'lqiwlin, ganlo'yilen. Gu'mlafi

gato'mnalen,
ku'lipcina

ymo'gitnm
5

gato'mfialen,

gaiili'lx

qawlen.
mal-ki't

gantc/len,

Ini'yigin gavakithaifiinvo'len. cinko^afi-vethifie'ti

Na^yen Va
ganto^en.

kithin

tilen.

Va'kitha naya'q-gum ?" Gek, na'nyen Va'kithm gayai's Miti' gafivo'len vamya'tvak. Gek, lilipila'qut va 'yuk

craito'lenat na'nyaqit.

10 ria'nyat

Gek, 'yuk gamainannivo'lenat. 7 Ouyqinrraqi/nak u'nmi yaiva ci yissinvorkmenat.

x

Va

15

Ouyqmn'aqi^nu gata^fiat nomkawnivolenau. Naye yit x ni'wqinat, "Ma^ia, mitqugita^." E wan, "Oanto'tik, ta'tana x Gek, ganto^enat, gai^inat o pta qiVgutik, 'Mitqugita't.'" Gu'mlan Gek, gayalqiwlinat gacfs'hulinat. am-ya'tit. gi'wlinat, "Mitqugita't." E'wan Miti'nak, "Qantc/tik, ta'tana
qwanla'tik."

Ganto'lenat.

"Tato

7
!

mitqugita't!"

"Qu'nam qun
7

gi'wa, "Tula'-va'kithinat."
lenat.
"Igi',

Kmi'nit naye'yit gaqalhaiafivo nana^ivaVmik." Miti'nak gi'wlinat, "Qan-

20

tc/tik,

qi'wgutca, Tpa h'ge-ta'ta ne'nako qoyala'tekin." Miti'nak Gaya'lqiwlinat, mani'gik gayo'lenat, ga'mgaGa'lqaLin,
gala'lin.

ve'loqalik.
tine'nilenat.

Vakithimtila'yikifi,

gak-

E'wafi na'nyen Quyqmn'a'qu, "Tipaivaka'nfiivok, Mete'7 "Mitei qanto'ge 25 yikifi mi'lqatik." Ga'lqadn, gala'lin. Miti' e'wafi, "Ena'n-ve agitca'kElen ? I'npi-qla'wul ya'tti."
!

Cini'n

yayalqivvfykin." Gaya'lqiwlin, gaqami'tvalen, gafivo'len a'wyik, gaqa'qlalen, nachinoi'tifi gagi'ntawlin.

Miti'nak

nenaainawfiivo'qen,

e'wan, "Quqe'l"

"Oi!"

75

down."
it

Oh, Miti

took

it,

and with a violent

pull

drew

into the house.

Then
dering
the

Big- Raven entered the house and made a smoulfire. He also stopped up the entrance-hole and

smoke-hole,

so

that

the

smoke.

Then a

Magpie's

sleeping-room was full of voice was heard from the

That Magpie sleeping-room. through a narrow crack.

"(See)
7

came

out.

He

escaped

what (this) Magpie has done to me!" The Magpie, Miti was with child. After some however, went home. time she brought forth two small eggs. (The two children) grew rapidly, and Big-Raven had a great love for them. Big-Raven's people were storing their catch of fish. Those two said, "Mamma, we are hungry." She said, "Go out and say to daddy, 'We are hungry.'" They went out, and were given two whole dried salmon. They Then they said again, entered, and nibbled up (the fish). "We are hungry." Miti' said to them, "Go out and ask

daddy

(for

more)."
out.

They went
wonder!
to

Two

"No "Daddy, we are hungry!" thievish magpies!" Those two sons began
7

"Oh, he is reproaching us!" Miti said to them, "Go out and tell him, 'Our real daddy is herding reindeer
weep.
the

(with

wealthy reindeer-breeders).'"
7

(After that) they

and Miti put them into a grass bag, She went (placing) each in one of the (lower) corners. away, and came to Magpie-Man and flung (her bag right in).
entered
again,

Big-Raven said, He went and came

out
!

"I

feel

lonely.

will

go

to
7
,

Miti

."

there.

Your

old

man
Let

he no legs?
entered,
7

(The people said,) "Miti come 7 " has come to you." Miti said, Has him enter of his own accord!" He
eat,

and she gave him food. He began to was choking. Then he ran out of the house. Miti called to him. She said, "Big-Raven!"

and

"Oil"

76

Pukawnivo'ykm.
gayai'tilen.

Gaktikomfia'len, e'wan,

"Oi!"

Na'nyen

cracinkaita'Len. yal.u'yican egitnei'tiii

Ouyqmrra'qu na'nyen

Acco'c.

17.

How

Big-Raven's Daughter was swallowed 1 by a Kamak.

x

Ouyqmrraqu'wgi vanvolai'ke. Nawa'kak mi'mja ninu qin. 7 Oalne'-key gate^lalen, qai-m^mic gaito len Enna n. E wan Gi'wlin naVis'qata, na'wis'qatifi, "Ya'qu mmtai'kir ?" ? Ya^minm." EVan, "Yaya'yu "Ya'qu mi'qun qatai kigm
x x x

Yaya yu
10

gatai'kilin.

wafi

e/

gaca

ulin,

eVafi yaya yu
x

Quyqinrra^u qo npu gafivo^en gato'mwalen qai-m^mic. 7 ana^yak. Ges'hipa^in e'wjan jja'mga-nime'ti, gewnivo
"

Jenau,

uffia ana^iyakElen.

Ouyqinira^u qo^pu qananya'nvon. Gapa^qaun Ya x qin a'mu gata^kilin ya'yay?"

Quyqinrraqu'nin
15

nawa^ak vfn'va vanvo'ykm.

Ui'fia

o'ya

nawinyo'nvti. I'mifi-ni^yisu giwi^ilinau x GiVlin, "Mi kinak ya'qin ya'yay yanyfwninin, na^yenena
x

a tvaka.

nawa kak

tiyeHinin.

ykm. "Yu'riyun." fmin-qun icu'cu.

20 yanyi wnik.
r

ynik afiqa'ken nanyiwnivo'x s/ EVafi, "Alva^in." I'miii i gin, qo yen,

i'mifl-gi

E'wafi,

"Alva'lin."

Napkawftivoi'kifl

Va yuk melhe'nko
s

gace^nitolen nenve'thicnin, ake'yki-

}a n, vi'yafi

gapanqarpijen.

"Gumna'n myanyiVnin, ya yay

gatai'kilin."
/.

ya'qin ^atai'kilin.
1

Aca Lun

"Alva'lin."
p. 291.

Compare Jochelson, The Koryak,

c.,

No. 103,

77

Then he could not

piece
that

The help himself, and shouted, "Oi!" choked him flew out (of his mouth, and fell
Then Big-Raven went home.

down) at a great distance. That is all.

17.

How

Big-Raven's Daughter was swallowed

1 by a Kamak.

One of his Big-Raven was living with his people. lice. They shook her daughters was (almost) eaten by combination suit, and found there one small louse. (BigRaven) said to his wife, "What shall we do with it?" The woman said, "What will you do? Why, you will
kill
it."

He

said,
it

They made
began
(and

(No,) we will into a drum.

make

it

into a drum."
at
it,

They looked

and

the small louse turned into a drum.

to act as a
all

shaman.

The news
;

Big-Raven immediately of this was carried

everywhere, to
say,)

the villages and the people began to talk, "Big-Raven has become quite a shaman, but
spirits.

he has grown old without having any known kind of drum has he made?"
Big-Raven's daughter was living
in

What

un-

secrecy.

She did

All the neighbors gathered as suitors. not appear openly. He said, "Whosoever can state rightly the material of

my drum named all They

which

but Big-Raven was of wolf-skin,

made, to him I shall give my daughter." kinds of sea-game. One said, "Of whale;" Others also said it said, "Not of that."
is

of reindeer-skin.

living thing; but he said, "Not of that." describe it properly.

They named every They could not

spirit,

Then from
clothes
on,

the

fire

crept

out an

evil

with

no

with

only a
is

of what
vessel."

your drum

"I can tell cap (on his head). made. It is made of a chamber-

"Not of

that."

"It

is

made

of a kettle."

78

"Kuka'kin
Miti'nak
S*

gatai'kilin."
*

"Alva'lin."

-- "A'nam

qai-mi'mfcin."

orewnivo'len.

"Enna an

8/

Nawa'kak

missai'hnin

kama'km."
r

nawa'kak, gafivc/len yitanatawa'tik. Ganvo'len qajhai'ak oawa'kak. gala^unvo'len.

x
r

Gaito'len

Wu

8/

tcu

Mu'u-yil

fmingatarkinvolen, ya yu fiyun, ya qo'yen, ya yi yin, s/ l KoroVapel gaito^en ya'walaiiqal. iSla'nako kiyu}a lu.

nawa'kak gana^qiwlin, va la gava'xgiLin nawakka^a, qo'lla 3 Qo^pu fiapi'pip karma'nik gayc/olen. Gata'wanjenau. x 10 wa kak mqalhaianvo'qen.

15

kama'km, kama^au gantc/lenau, x I'mifi Enna n koro'ganufivo^enau, "N'am, rram, n'am." 8/ Vaja'ta ganmitconvo'Jenau kama'kau. wapel gana lin. s/ Va yuk Enna'n gana 8/ lin wotta kin ake ykila 8 n. "Va 8/ yuk Va e/yuk gapi pip gani'nlalin, na^kalqak gana'lqiwlin. pka'wlen yatipga'nnik, gapka wlen yanu'nka fienve'thicna.
Galalinau
x / r /

E'wan, "Qa'wun pani ta mi'kinak nayamata'ge, neya'ninkme'nifi yana

ga'lqa'Lin.
s/

lTfi,

E nki tiyanu'wgi."
x

Cawcuwa
va 8/ yuk

ta

Na'nyen n^nv^'thicnin Va 8/ yuk kmi'nin gama'talen.

gaito^en,

20 gaito'len,
qalhai'ak.

va^sqifi

^u'mlan

ganvc/len

E wan,
x

"Kama'kata naya^uw-gum."
galqaLin
notai'tin,

Va8/ yuk

qla'wul

ka'mak ga'yaLin,

Yanu'nki pa'qul ganu'mkawlin, pa'quja qala'lvin ganulin. Nenve'thidnin gavi e/ yalin, gantc/len. Miti'w ganci'mawlin. r / / E'wafi, "Mj kinai -gi?* 25 gakya wlin, e'wan veta'tekm.
3

"Ai'gewe tmu'wgi."
Borrowed from the Russian Kopoua, THE cow; -pel is the suffix of the diminutive. Borrowed from the Russian KapMaHTi THE POCKET. 3 The ka'mak turned into an ordinary human being; namely, into a woman, who was assisting them in their work.
1

79

"Not of "That is Kamak."

her
for

that."

"Then of a small

louse."

Miti' said,

right!

Now we

must give our daughter to the

They brought
she
seen.

out the daughter, and began to prepare the journey. Then only, for the first time, was

The daughter began

;

to cry.

They arranged
;

One for her three lines of sledges. another, by reindeer the third one,
three kinds were alive.
In

mounted it. a bandoleer, and also put a comb into her pocket. They The girl was crying very hard. set off. They came to the kamak's house, and the other kamaks went out and ate all the reindeer, "N'am, n am, n am !" Only that cow was left. Then the girl began to kill the kamaks with her knife. At last only one was left,
cow.
girl
-

The

was hauled by whales All by white whales. the end they brought a small She put on a large knife in

the

first

one, with no clothes.

it

Then she threw down

She climbed and so the it,
evil

the

comb, (and
of
it
;

grew quite
could

large.)

to the top
spirit

but

he

not climb

could not eat her.

He
certain
shall

said,

"Though

at

man and have two

a future time you will marry a children by him, just then I

eat

married

Then the evil spirit went away. She you." a reindeer-breeder. After a while she brought
and then another.

forth a child,

Again she began to cry. She said, "The kamak is going to eat me!" One time her husband had gone out, and then the kamak came and ate her. She had concealed about her at this very moment her woman's knife, and with that knife she The evil spirit died, and ripped open his body (insides). she came out. The next morning, when they awoke, a woman was busying herself around their house. (The "I (am the one who) mistress) said, "Who are you?"
ate you yesterday."

8o
Oya'mtiwilu ganaHinati gij'mjan kmi'fiu. Kmi'na gama's/ talen. Ola'wul gaya'un wu tcu. Qoyqmrraqoyikei'ti ga'l-

qaunau. Kmi'nin gtfmjafi gana'wtinjen. Qoyqinivaqoyikei'tm gala'linau. Gi'wlin, "Nawako'k nayato^." EVan, " ni'tin?" GajNJenve^hicna najla'xtatin. Yaq-fiaVis'qat 5
waVvilin.
qiwlinau.

"Wutmnalar-gum,
Enna'niku

tiya^ik." Ganto'lenau, gaya'l-

Acco

A v v

gatvanvolenau,

g apittufia wlenau.
-

/v

c.

18.

The Kamak and

vanvolai^e.

his

Wife. 1
s/

Ni'ka,

ma kiw a'mu
x

Va yuk

nenve^hicfiit

10

gawaVvilinat.
vajai^e."

E'wan, "Mai, ti^na avaleika?" - "UlguVik Ulhu'vm gala'linat, gafivo^enat valuk. "Co3

pro'tka valu'tka!"
-

Gu'mlan
-

miti'w.

"Mai, ui'na avaleika?"

!

"Yaqa'Jik valai'ke."
x

"Copro'tka valu'tka

Avaleika

yana^a^tik,

miti

to^hin-ya^ missanus-qiwla^itik."

15

Qagmta'wlmau niki'ta vinvin'a'qu gato^wajen.

Gaya'Linau.
qiwicna'nau!

gi^holai'ti.

Ma'qim

gani'njalin,

Nanekai^ifi gaginta'wlinau.

A'mu

Ui'na. "Mai, ui'na avaleika?" "MinyalE'nnu gapfs-qalinau." A'wun

gaya'lx

qiwlinau, I'mi ga'ncilinau kicva cu.

Ui'na yi'nna.

20

E'wan, "Mman-aco'mik."
1

Ganvaqyila'wlen.

Aca'geinm

:<

Compare Jochelson, The Koryak, /. c., No. 105, p. 293. Compare p. 68, footnote 3. Mlnawalo'mik, literally LET us ACT WITH THE GRANDMOTHER.
is

(GRANDMOTHER)
p.

used also for DIVINING-STONE

(cf.

W.

Jochelson,

The word an- a The Koryak, /. r.,

44).

8i

Meanwhile her sons became (grown) men. One son married that woman. Just then her husband came. They went to Big-Raven's people. Another son also married.

They came

to Big-Raven's people.

The people

said (to

He Big- Raven), "Your daughter is being [brought] here!" What (kind of a) said, "The evil spirit took her away. come from there?" She looked into the daughter may "I am here, I have come!" house. They went out (to meet her), and all entered. From that time they lived That is all. together and grew rich.
1

8.

The Kamak and

lived
in

his Wife.

Some people kamak and his

hole).

wife looked

They entered the cache, and began to eat blubber. Then they sang; "It tastes We are eating blubber." The next morning it was well. the same. "Halloo! have you not some blubber?" "There is some in the porch." "It tastes well. We are eating blubber but when you have no more blubber, [to-morrow] we shall eat you."
the cache."
;

"There

They said, is some in

One day a place. down (through the entrance"Halloo! have you not some blubber?"
a certain

upwards arrow (upwards), and

this road.

They

fled

in
it

became a

the night-time. road.

They threw an They fled along

Those
blubber ?"

came
But

"Halloo! have you not some again. " there was no answer. Let us jump in
!

They
in
all

are hidden somewhere."

the corners.
said,

They
the

entered,

and searched
3

There was nothing.

us
try

They
The reason

"Let

divining-stone

!"

(The

is probably that divination with stones is chiefly practised by women, and that the divining-stone, though usually a round pebble or a piece of bone ornamented with beads and tassels, represents a female guardian of the family.

PUBL. AMER. ETHN. SOC. VOL. V.

82
an'a'nu
"

m'lniqen.

Echathicfie'ti

yagintawla'ne,

missaya-

waja'nnmau.
nau.

Volqigefie'ti yagmtawla'fie, missayawala'nniGicholai'ti Anqai'ti i'mi missayawala'nnmau. yaginAfia^a alai^in na^timik. ? tawla'ne, mi'qun Me^qafi
5

minya'walat ?"

Ganvc/len

lo'lo

Tluk.

"Anei'kijka

panenai'ti minmtc/-

mik? 1 Yaqalnawicne'ti mininto^ik." KamaV-na^t, "Qinai."

Emte^pilen.

"QinanpiykalaVi."

"Gina^ qun

10

Va yuk
8/
x

e/

gavi yalinat.
gana^ilin.

Enna'an gayikelnivo^enat.

Vaje-

jerti

la

wut
olan

Va 8/yuk
Gayo
8/

na'nyeu
olen,

gewnivolenau.

Mmyo

8/

yaya^a."
x

pilv^nti-ca^inana

lin

ta'wut, a

wun

im-laVtalin.
x

Gatvanvo lenau, gani^lalinat. anenve'thicnika o-ana s/ linau. Acco'c. 15 gaaimiyo olenau,

"Qe'e!"

Vojqagene^i

19.

Gull-Woman and Cormorant- Woman.

/

NiykaVgi ya qyaq-fia wutu na nyaqat ganaw-yila^nix Ivva'lu-fiaVgut eVaii, "Aya tka 'mga yagmnivo^'ke.
'tin,

milnitatis-krwik."

JSfa'nyen

Mas-hfntihk."

Gas-hintijefivolen,

kama'kn-aqu e'wafi, va 8/ yuk ne'nin eVan,

20 "Ymna'qi e'lhi-peye'ykm ?"

Compare Jochelson, The Koryak,

/.

f.,

No. 99,

p.

287.

83
husband) stand with his legs She used his penis as a divining-stone. "If they apart. have fled to the morning dawn, we shall follow them.
(her

kamak-woman) made

they have fled to the sunset, we shall follow them. To the seaside also we shall follow them. If they have God would not treat us very fled upwards, what then ?
If

pleasantly.

How

can

we

follow them?"

He began
the
the

to sway same opening without any

his penis.

"Shall
1

fear.

we go out through Let us go out through

!"

vent-hole
said,

in

the

roof of the

porch

The kamak-

woman
her

"Take me on your shoulders!"

back.
itself into her anus.

He

took

on

his

head)

thrust

"Oh, you are strangling me!" (His "Oh, you are playing

mischief!"

into her anus.

visit

His head slipped Finally they both died, and lay there. After a while (the fugitives) said, "Let us
the

house

!"

They

visited

head with an
hairless.

iron hook,

and

his

and dragged out his head had become (quite)

it,

"Oh, oh?"
sunset.

They threw them into the direction of the Then they lived and were happy. They were
spirits.

not (molested) by
19.

That

is

all.

Gull-Woman and Cormorant- Woman.

lived

Gull-

Woman
cousin.

with
sat

female
(i.

They

companion, who was her Cormorant- Woman sewing.

"While no one comes to the cave, I will go and prepare my sinew-thread." At the same time Big-Kamak said, "I will walk along the shore." He walked along the shore. Then he said, is there, that shows so white?" "What
e.,

the cousin in question) said,

Literally,

WITHOUT SHAME.

SHAME

for

FEAR

is

used also in the Chukchee

viii,

(Publications

of the Jesup North Pacific Expedition, vol.

No. 10,

p. 63, foot-

note

l).

84

Qayo

g/

olen

ya'qyaq.

Qa'cin

ui'fia

fta'nyen

Kama'krraqu
ki'kit

gayai'tilen,

ana'Juka gati'tkalen. a Tita 8/ liykm." e'wan,

Qayai'tilen,

crayi'ltejen,

gek

nane'ninak
u

na'wtinak pa'qula qala'lvun yicima'wiykmin.

5

Ya'qyaqGek, fiaVis'-

qatik eVafi, "Qenanyaikmr-gi." enva'ratka !" l

s/
x

E^nu-koro'tka, gek,

Kama^rraqu gavi
tc/len.

yalin.
7

Na nyen Ya'qyaq-naVut
pinkula^ik.

^an-

Gafivo'len
x

cotcilqe^ifi
ta

PiikaVekin
7

yayifia^ka.
ciku na'nako
x

Ena n kitca

genermaklin.

Gay^fialin, gax

10 kulalin, g-anaikap^tkalin.
gapfs'qalin.
g^i^in.

Na^yeninen naVis-qat kinma Gek, oifmlafi yaqai qun

nalin,

ya sqajqak

Gayai'tijen,
tivi
s/

giVlin,

"Kamakn'aq^nak
Ivva^u-fia'wgut,

ina nui,

yak."
x

ISia'nyen

"CXpta
x

mn^kak.
/

15 Ti'ta

o pta ninanuva e/ an."

r
i

E wan
r

quti ninak,

"Qiyme

en,

apa'qulkel-e'-ge."

Gumni'n

vai

vain'aquVgi,

va 8/ ga

tyancima^ikinifiin, lu'gu

wka
x

maninmija^iykin."
7
i

gaa^ajen, gapka wlen

gatvanvc/len. 20 vc/ykin. Urfia
"

wak.

AgVfiin gala^in,
x

Na

nyen
s/

Ka^ak-nawgut

qai gut galajanni-

aja uka.

vo^kin,

Wutissar-gum."

tayyenivo'ykm, ewnix s 8/ Me'nqan mTqun u ka a }a wun?

Na nyen

Pukawni"Qage wutinnajar-gum, qina'nu !" s vo'ykin lu k. Qai^ut cancis-qonvo^kinen. "Mannu'qi?" EVafi "QinaE'wan, "TiyanuVg-i!" Gek, ga]a ulin.
E'wafi,
,

25 ni/wgi

!"

Ganulin,
gayai'tilen.

rn'ria

c/pta

ana^uka

gati'tkalen.
a
fi/

Gek,

na'nyen

Gek,

gu'mlan

e'wafi,

Tita hykin."

QJa'wuhn e'wan,
efiva'ratka
!"

"Qenanyaikini'-g-i."
1

"E^nu-koro'tka,

Compare

p.

68, footnote

3.

85

He came

(nearer,

and

it

was) a Gull

and, [even] without

Then Big-Kamak came home, chewing', he swallowed her. and said, "I am unwell." [He came home,] and as soon as he lay down (to rest), that Gull-Woman, with her
woman's
Oh,
he
means)!"
knife,

ripped
to
his

open
wife,

his

said
-

body (from the inside). "Cheer me up (by some

without nostrils!"

"Without

collar-string,

died. That Gull- Woman came out (of his She began to jump up on the cross-pole above insides). his pillow but she could not fly up, because she was all covered with slime. She flew up again, and fell down and thudded against the ground. His wife lay flat in the

Big-Kamak
;

Nevertheless she flew up again, fright). and was on the house-top. She came home, and said, " Big-Kamak swallowed me, I That one, Cormorant- Woman, said, "I nearly died." Let him also swallow me!" also will make something. The other one said, "Don't do it! You have no woman's " Here are my nails. I will rip him open with knife." my nails. If it were done, I should feel elated."
corner (from sheer

That one (Kamak-Woman) passed by, but she could She went to the cave and staid there. talk to her. That Ka'mak- Woman, indeed, was often passing by, but That Cormorant-Woman began she could not see her. to cough, and to say, "Here I am!" but how could she
not
see her in the dark?

She
is

said,

"Here

am!

Swallow me!" But she could not

find her.

she ?"

"Where Indeed, she almost stepped over her. she found her She said, " I will swallow Oh,
!

you!" swallowed

The

other
also,

one

her,

She without chewing, gulped her down.

said,
feel

"Do swallow me!"

Oh, she came home. And again she said, "I She said to her husband, "Cheer me up!"
collar-string, without nostrils
!"

unwell!"

"Without

86
Cru'mlafi
1

ga'nmilen,
fta'nyen

pa'ninau
s/

s/ vaca'pgicnu va ga vagit-

cu'ykminau.

gavi yalin.

Gii'mlafi

ganto'Jen.
8/

a }mulqu. Ivva'lu-na'wgut ganto'len, ta'y-a'mu gavetho'lenau

Gek,
5
cinai'ti

crayai'tijen.

isfa'nyen gi'wlin,

"Gurnrna vai panet;

tiyaa'nkawin."

Uw^kiu gangija'wlenau
A^cic.

agefie^i

tJaiVik qo'npu

gankaVlenau.

20.

3 Yinra-nawgut and Kilu's Marriage with Fish-Man.

en Quyqinn'aqu'nu vanvojai'ke. Kill/ eVan Yini'aNo' tan gala'linau, E'nni-ja'wut naVgutina, "Minno'tantaja."
8/

inu'nu ga'kmiiJn.

Gala'linat,

ganvolenat a'wyik.
8/

GalqaiYi'ni

10 nVwlin

E'nm-alpi'ttama.

Gagi'ntawlin,

"Kama'kanu
lka."
-

na
r

llin."

E'wan, "Ui'na kama'kanu ana

Tn-ac,

mi qun, kama'kanu n

Ganvc/len yanaqmitkatu'yawnik, gapka'wjen, gayi'jqalin.

E'wafi
15 Yi'ni?"
-

Kill/,

na'nyen

gayai'tilen,

g-i'wlin,

"Ma

nnu-yaq

Kama'kanu

gaqya'wlin.

fta'nyen Yini'a-naVgut 7 x E nki Ennfmtila^ pipi'tcuykin. E nki qata'p-

na 8/ llin.''

e'mat va'ykin.
Gewnivo'Jen, Tn'ac, qaqya'wgi!" Enke' gama'talen, gatvanvo'lenau,
Gaqya'wlin.

Gek,

oramainitaifia'linau.

20

Va yuk
8/

gayai'tijenat
!" "

Qoiqinn-aqoyikai'tin.
ni'tin.

naya'tin
8/

"Yaq nawa'kak

"Rawa'kak Mu'chin kama'kanu

gana
1

Lin."

8/ tik." Wuttisalai'-gum, trya

tale.

The respective roles of Big-Kamak and his wife are evidently confused in this Thus the husband, killed not long ago, would seem to be alive again. Similar confusion is met in several other tales, Chukchee and Koryak (cf. for instance,
Bogoras, Chukchee
vol.
viii,

part

ii,

Mythology, Publications of the Jesup North Pacific Expedition, No. 1, pp. 15, 19).

8;

She
nails.

killed her again,

and tore the old scars 1 with her

This one died.

out,]

Woman came
mounds
Oh,
she

Again she came out. [Cormorantand cut her way through several
(The

of drifted snow.

"I have have punished enough They [former] doings." their own bodies, and ceased to walk along the stone. 3 That is all.

came home.

kamak)

said,

of these

20.

YiniVnawgut and

Kilu's Marriage with Fish-Man. 3

Big-Raven lived with his family. Kflu' said to Yini'ana'wgut, "Let us go for a walk!" They went out walking,

and they took a fish-head

for (travelling-)provisions.

They
x

came

to a certain

place and began

to eat.

(Kilu

threw

at her (cousin) the cheek-bone of a fish. and said, "Yi'ni has become a kamak."
"I

She sped away, That one said,

have not become a kamak." "Enough, indeed, you have become a kamak !" She tried to detach it, but could not do it, so she fell Kilu' said, (when) she came home, and they said asleep.
to
her,

kamak."

"Where is Yi'ni?" (She said, "Yi'ni) became a Then Yini'a-fia'wg-ut awoke. There was Fishhis
hair,

Man combing
(there also). He said to

and a load of

winter-fish

was

her,

He
fish.

married her.
After

"Enough, wake up!" She got up. They lived there, and caught plenty of

some time they came home to Big-Raven's house. "They brought your daughter." - "Which daughter may come here? Our daughter became a kamak." " I came." Here I am
!

2
3

Both Kamaks seem to have revived

after

having been

killed.

Compare Jochelson, The Koryak, No.

109, p. 296.

88
"Yinei'! me'nqan Enmmtila 8/ na Kill/ gakenannivo'len. 8/ "Gma'n Enria an ina'nti." "Gini'n to i'ti?" gi'tca

qla'wul mma'lqin."

Ga'lqaunat, g-ala'linat no'tan, r 7 a wyik. O pta la wut g^kmiLin inu'nu. "Can'ai ganvc/lenat 8/ Gewnivo^en, "Qiyme en milqainaVgi." qina^qainaw."
"Carrai',
x

minno'tanta
r

!"

EVan, "Am-m^yu minpittunawlarke."

GaJqainaVlin.
s/

U^na aqmftkatca.
8/

8/ Ga^miLin, vih yna "Toq, Carrai qena 8/ kama^anu ana lka."

,

gana
10 pela."

Lin.

mal-ki't gafia Lin. "Carra/, ui'na Gape'lalen.

Va yuk

G^mjan gaLa'xtilin. E^an, "Qena^ela. 'Kama^anu na s/ Lin.'"

Gayai^a, gi'wa,

Gewnivo^en
n/tiykin."

Quyqmn-a^u, "En/k annena^a, me^qaii

/

Kilu

a'wgi

tfnmi-qalhaiafivc/ykin, g-ayi'lqalin.

15 gakyawnivo'len, Enke' Ennfmtila^. G/wlin, Tn-ac, r 8/ Gakya^din, Ennimtila nak o pta gina'n ewgupa^ik."

O pta
r

gama^alen.

E'nki

gatvanvo'lenat g-amainitaina^inat.

Va yuk
8/

gayai tilenat
-

"Ktlu' naya'tm."

G/wlinau, Qoyqinn'aqoyikai^m. 7 "Mi/chin Kilu kama'kanu g-ana 8/ Lin."

tiya^ik. Ennimtila
x

20 EVan,
E nki
r

"

8/

Wuttmajar-gum,

nak enama'tai."
Yini anaitonx

gatvanvolenat, nalniqa tvuqinet yatai'nanfiik. Qu'ttu qla'wuju na'wgutinti kmenannivo'ykmat.

vc/ykmenau.

Acco

c.

89
Kill/

'

envy (her cousin on account of) her Fish husband. (She said,) "Yi'ni, how did it happen to "But your hus"You did this thing to me." you?" band is a good one." "Can-ai', let us go out for a walk!" They went out,

began

to

came
me!"
said,

to

place,
(all)

and began
provisions.

to eat.

They

also took a

(fish-)head for

"Can-ai', throw a
"I
will

bone

at

The

other

one

said,

not [throw]."
it."

(Kflu')

"(Do it!). She threw the bone at her, but it did not stick (to her She took it and glued it on with her saliva. At last face). it was "O Can-ai' leave me (alone)!" (sticking) all right. She left her (and went away). "Can-ai', I did not become a kamak." (The other one) again came back. She said Go home and say, She has again, "Leave me (alone)! become a kamak!'"
!

We

shall gain

much by

Big-Raven

said,

"It

is

her

own mind.

Let her be

Kilu' [falsely] pretended to be (wherever she desires)." She also woke up; and crying, then she fell asleep.

was Fish-Man. He said, "Enough, it is all your She got up, and Fish-Man married her. pretensions." They also staid there and caught plenty of fish. After some time they went home, to Big-Raven's house. "Our Kflu' People said, "They have brought Kilu'." became a kamak." She said, "I am here, I came! FishMan married me." There (both Fish-Men) lived. They were quite successful in catching fish. Yini'a-na'wgut and her cousin brought forth sons. They bore some male children. That is all.
there
-

90

Big-Raven and Fox.

%

Dialect of Pa'llan}

Outki'nnaxu

8/

gergifie'Jqilin,

vi'tvitpi

gayo

olen,

gi'vlin,

"Qa'inun mel-gi'rniku, ya'vac ata'Linka."

geni'reLin.
x

Ligi'mmen
E nkita

gewge'Lin,

Ga'ateLin, a'fiqak 8/ 8 keli'la n gayo ojen,

mel-gi'rniku,

ligi'mmen
5 ata'Linka."

giVlin,

"Qa^fiun

yaVac

Ga'ateLin a'nqak.

8/

gayo
x

olen,

ga

ateLin a'nqak.

Riri^e gayo s/ ojen,

x

geni reLin.

Yu'niy gayo^olen, va'sqin ye pluq nimei'naqin

yu^iy, att'fyul geni'reun.

s/ gayo olen gekelilin

Lig^mmen gewge^in,
"Vai-i
7

va'sqin

yu'niy.

yu'fiiy

!"

10

A^ti nfmnimu gakitainelqilin.

yunpe'ntalen vala'ta gep^rilqila.

A'tti

Ta^nm-rrnt ga8/

A'tti givi'nijqila, gala ulin,

Ena nna
E'nki

a'tti

gecen'ace^ilqilin.

tti

nkn'nik

gere'lqilin,

genalpufio^qilin

mftqa.

Gemeineyi'nmilin,

tti

gatha^tilen, geti'fiemyilin.
1

Ta'tolata
Tvitkin,
x

8/

gala

ulin.

Me'nqut ku'ritkin ?"

3

"Tfnna?"

Tvitkin,

Umyu'm !" "Tumyu'm!" Ligfmmen e'win,

Mi'tqamit get'e'lin Eni'kki

"Ti'nna?"
ta n'aw.

E'wm, "Yunyu'n!''
tetemi'tqanm."
x

"Qai'lim,

A'tti

ku'm'ukum
x

gelpi'rtelin

20 a^tta-qa/men.
x

Qutki nnaxu getem^tqanlin ne'm'ek.

x x

tti-

yaq tato lape getei'kilin mesqa ven, a tti gen'yalin, gennive'lin A tti Enfii'n nya'-vila Enfi^n Qutkinnaxu^ak.
ga'nmilen.
See p.
'

Tenma

vi}a n.

6.

The

fox, in the

Koryak and Chukchee,

is

usually a female,

Fox-Woman.

1 Big-Raven and Fox.

Big-Raven
small

walked

along the
said,
lie
it

ringed-seal.
catch,
it
it,

He

sand-spit, and "It seems that if

found a
it

were a

good

He
"It

kicked

would not and threw

so
into

far

(from
sea.

the water)."

the

He

walked
lie

farther on,

and found a spotted seems that if it were a good catch,

seal.

He
it

said as before,

would not

He kicked it into the sea. so far (from the water)." Then he found a thong-seal, and kicked it into the sea.
found a white-whale, and threw it into the water. found a whale, and another whale, quite big (bowhead He walked on, whale), and he threw it in still farther.

He He

and found a striped whale. good whale !"

(Then he

said,)

"Here

is

Then he called aloud to number of Chukchee rushed

the neighboring people. for the whale, knife in hand.

They were approaching. He looked on them and felt So he entered the mouth of the whale. There frightened. he began to suck in the whale-oil. He filled his mouth
full,

A
the

then he jumped out and flew away. fox 2 saw him. "Where do you
the whale."

"From
whale
her
(for
!"

She
said
oil

whale."
3

She
the

come from?" "What?" He says, "From says. "From the again, "What?"
directly

Then
is

dropped down

on her (back).

"That

I She wrung out good. gathered some oil." coat in a dogs'trough. Big-Raven also gathered oil

himself).

Then
other)

the

small

fox

prepared a cake of

(berries

and
to

vegetable
killed

material,

Big-Raven
3

show her

gratitude.

and sent it to With these returnis

payments, however, she

The
first

him. 4

It

finished.
third,

two answers are given by Big-Raven with mouth closed; the

with mouth open.

*

They

are also imitative of the cry of the raven.

Evidently by poison mixed with the berries.

92
22.

Eme'mqut and Envious-One.

Dialect of

Paren}
lu nin,
R/

Nipaivati'cnm

miti'w
8

Ememqu'tinak
8/

i'wnin,

wan, mmyo oga an "Toq, yawo' ejeki'mkm mipalausqa'wa." niwga

lu

"Me'nnu
e/

c/

an.

Gu'mlifi vus nayo s oga 8/ an

fta'ni-

yax Ememqi/tinak pela'nen Nipaivatfciiin.

5

Nivoi
7

elek^mkimik,

qati

Va 8/ yuk

ni

Yaqqa^-qun ine^eyik, ph'tkui. tkinek mel-neVis-qat fieVanu Ifnnin.

pe nin
8/
x

Rane'ninak

Nipaiva'ticninak

qun im

Uwe^pilin
ISJeVis'qatit

nanyaita^inat. Ti^equn minintencite'wnet !"

niwga an, "QleVi.

10

Ka'ni-yax

Nipaivati^nm,

"Yawo

7
,

ciceLe'nin

!"

A'mjifi-

van kitveMi'ga penc^ykin, ne'wis'qat pelhinolfi^tola yi'san x Citavana^nen. Ce tik va'cafi acedia ejhitawgattailen.
iiu^kinen cimoLitawitkonu^kinen.

Va 8/ yuk

yetha^s
8/ s/

15 nencimpetha an.

nenewuyetha
8/

an,
!"

Ememqu'tina ne'wis'qat na^i-yax. 8/ Nanatvuga an. Ke'riin Nipaiva'ticfiinin oma'ka yu'nyu-velfta. "Ne'wis'qatlt
r

mmintencite'wnet

Naitoga an

Exune ce
20 van

ewlijashila^-aqu ewloinila'n'aqu." "E'wunpenci'tkinen neVis-qat talnathisnfnve. To, fie^in Ememqu'tinin ne'wis-qat ya'lvimnen."
n,
r

"Awe

8/ naitoga an.

8 Nipaivatfcfim vi gi.

a yi^fiyu-velfta poxla x nnui.

r

NenumkeVm.

Cigi-

E'wafi, "geyilqat-gum." Mu'qun yishi'ykineu ceneVgi. co'nnonenau Eni neu qajajvini'nqo ganto^enau. Gu'mlin
1

See

p.

6.

This

is

evidently

fragment

of a larger

tale,

but the narrator

knew no more.

93

22.

Eme'mqut and Envious-One.

The
said
visit

next morning
him,

to

Eme'mqut saw Envious-One, and he "Where did you see him? Let us go and
him, and said to him. are going to roast the omasum on a flat
visited
left

him."

Again they

"Oh, wait! we
stone."

Then Eme'mqut
to

Envious-One.

roast

He began He
it.

finished this.

busy himself with the omasum, and to Then he went away. After
fine girl for

Envious-One brought to his home his former (wife) Little U'wen. After " Come here a long time they said to each other. Let
a wife.
!

some time he took a

compare the beauty of our wives!" Envious-One said, "All right! I will bring her." After that every time again he rushes at his wife. She had an overcoat fringed with reindeer-mane. He took her While on the way, he washed her quite frequently along. with (liquid from) the chamber-vessel, and (by rubbing)
us

forced the blood into her face.

Then those two came.

Eme'mqut's wife was hidden.

They were going

Envious- One fed bring the wives. his wife sumptuously, giving her plenty of whale-blubber. " Let us compare the beauty of our wives !"
to

They brought them

in.

She has large buttocks !" over to his wife and re-arranging the parting of her hair. "Oh, surely she will came out the victor!" Then they Envious-One swooned at brought forth Eme'mqut's wife.
the
first

"Ah, but she has long lashes! All the time he kept jumping

look.

He had

diarrhea

from that whale-blubber. 3

They

took away the woman.

Then he recovered

his senses.

He

said,
'*

"I

have

slept."

And

really

he began to eat

It

seems that he had eaten some whale-blubber with his wife.

94
8

naitoga

'an.

Vi 8/ gi.

Yishi'ykineu

genu'lineu
cu'nineu

gu'mlifi

yito'nenau.

Gu'mlm nenu'mkewm.
ykineu
5

tigicefie'wgi,

yisgi'-

qalalvim'nqo
8

ganto'lenau.
k."

Va 8/ yuk,

"Qime'nen,

qajqathi'tik.

Tipa'aa

O'pta.

insides. again the matter vomited from his He swooned. in the woman again.

They brought
swallow came

That vomited matter, which he

tried to

out again. They took her away. He recovered his senses, and ate again that matter vomited from his insides. Then
(he
said),
!"

"I

do not want
end.

it.

Go away!

have had

enough

The
23.

1 Big-Raven and Fish- Woman.

(In

Six

Dialects.}

Big-Raven lived with his family. They had nothing to He went to the sea, and found there Fish-Woman. 2 eat. He brought her home. She cast forth spawn and they

Then Big-Raven married Fish-Woman. Miti' grew Big-Raven went into the open. Then Miti' struck jealous. Fish-Woman and killed her. She cooked her flesh and
ate
it.

ate of

it.

Some

of

it

she

left

for her

husband.

Then Big-Raven came home. "Fish- Woman, come out." Then that one who was just cooked, stepped forth from He came in and she gave him food. the rear storeroom. Then she
and cooked
/

said

to

him,

"Just

now

Miti'

has killed me,

my

flesh."

The

next day he went

away

again.

Miti She wrung her neck again attacked Fish- Woman. (and thought,) "This time I have killed her." Big-Raven came back and she revived again and gave him food.
1

Literally,
line
1

No. 104, p. 292. Compare Jochelson, The Koryak, /. Piscis-HoMO. More frequently used for the masculine
<:.,

(cf.

No. 20,

6).

95

Fish-Woman went away. (She said,) a Miti' some day will make an end of me." Big-Raven came He came to the sea-shore back, but she was not there. and called out, "Fish-Woman, come here." "I shall not come. Miti' will try to kill me again." So he could not call her out. That is all.
After that

Chukchee.
Ku'rkilmti
1

nitva'qenat,

nigitte'tqinet.
Iu nin,
8/

En'qa'm
ma'tanen.

E'nnin

ora'weLan
snqa'n

Anqa'-gele'e, nrai'tannen. Le'lha

En'qam Ku'rkilma En'qam Ku'rkil notaVti Miti'na ki'plmen, timnen, ipa^nen, ru nin. Ci'mquk 5 qati'. 8 "E^niuwa^oc^gti pela'nen. En-qa^i Ku rkil puki^gi 7 8 o-mmi'lkin ipa^o. nVut, Vanarpu fiitoi qanto^e !" x x 8 8 Res-qi wkwi teqeme^gi iu nin, "Gfnmil Miti na gena^milen um, gena'paLen." Ne^e irga tik ewkwe^yi 8 ne^e 10 Mit^na p^nfmen. Le x ut nka^raunen. Tgit tfnmin.'' Ku^kil ge^Lin, ne^e cikeyeVkwi 8 ne me teqeme^nin.
crecheti'tkofinoi,

nano'nnoa^.

Miti' E'niki kina'tinoi.

En-qa^
vanerpunoe
15

E'mu-fte'ut

qo^pufiaw."
8
,

Ku

Miti na qul^nikek renangtie x x 8 rkil ye^ti e un u^fia. Anqa^ti ge lqaLin,

ra

"Qiye'tyi

E'nni-ne'w-i-gir

!"

"Qare^m
eifie^k

miye'tik

Mitrna-m

ne

me

rena'nmi."

Qo'npu

luwau'nen.

EnVc.
Koryak, Karnenskoye.

Quyqinn'aqu'nu vanvojarke, pelhannivola^ke. Anqartifi / x s/ 8 s/ galqaLin, va y u k Enni mtila n gayo olen, ganyai talen.

La

lna

g^apewyanvo^en, nanena'ta gawyenvo^enau.

the

Va yuk
8/

Aqan'qau',

Maritime Chukchee man,

who made

for

me

the

Chukchee

translation of this tale, though a native of the Pacific coast, pronounced not Ku'urkil, but Ku'rkil as do the people on the Kolyma (cf. Bogoras, Chukchee Mythology, /. <?.,
vol. vii, p. 315, footnote
2).

96

Quyqmiraqu'nak gama'tajen. Miti' na'nyen gaqannitcone/ vo'len. Va yuk Quyqmrra'qu notai'tm ga'lqaLin. Miti'nak Cu'mkup qla'gata'lalen, ga'nmilen, gapa'Len, ganu'lin. wulm gape'lalen. Va s/ yuk Quyqinrra'qu gaa'Lin. "E^nix 7 !" Yino^qo ganto'Jen, wotta ken apa fiaVgut, qanto^e
tassa n.
Miti
r

Gayalqiwlin,
x

nak ena^me, g^mlafi Miti nak gape^yilen.

ti'nmin."

gaqami'tvalen, Gtfmjafi enapa'te."

eVafi,
a

"Wo^to

mitiV ga'lqaLin,

GalaVtintilin.

Wo

e/

tvafi

Quyqinn'a^u gaa^in, g^mlari

gaya^tilen.

gachicafia'wlin,

10 gu'mlan gaqam^tvajen. Va e/yuk E'nni-na'wgut

"Mit^nak
x

va 8/ yuk
ui'fia.

yenanqonpunaVi."

15

Quyqinn'a^u gaa'un, a wun Anqai'tin ga^qaLin, ganvo^en aina'wik, "Qiya^he, "Qayo'm mila'k! Miti'nak gu'mlafi y^n nawgo't!" Acco c. Qc/npil ainaVik gapkaVjen.
x

Koryak,

Qare'fiin.

Ini^nki gelqaun, Quyqinn*aqu'nu i'tilkili, pilhe'tilkili. / 8 s/ ora'wucak Enni mtila n gayo olen, ganra^tajen. Le'lna

Ora'wucak QuyqingapiVtelkiKin), Ennina'ta gewye^kih. r / Miti Enni'n n-aqu'nak gafiaVtinlin. gakinca tilkili(n). x x / Miti nak 20 Ora'wucak Quyqinn-a qu no'tan ge ]qaLi(n).

Cu'mkup ga'tkuphlen, ga^milen, gekukefvulin, geni/lin. x oia kocik O^aw Quyqiniva^u geye x Lin. E x nnigegnulin. TYnuk ge^kurh ganto^en, yanu'tken ne'wut, qanto^e !"
tt

Gerelkilin, to'lka} gakukeiVulin. gantova Len, giVlin, "Ya'nut Mit^nak ena^me, inekukeiVi." Fnmk meteV 25 r r i nnik Miti nak ge'lqau, gape^tilen. GeleVtmtilin. "E'chi-

van tfnmin."

Quyqinn*a qu geye'Li, i'nnik gachicanaVh,

garai'tilkah.
r

gaqamrtvali.

OraVucak E'nm-ne'wut
ge'lqaLi,

"Miti'nak oraVucak
e
r

30 tenanqo'nptinaw." Quyqinn-a^u geye

ganvo'li qoqlajha'tik,

Li,

wun

i'tka.

Inu'nki
!"

"Qiye'thi, E'nm-iie'wut

97
"Igu't

mfle'k

Miti'nak

Trunk

tena'nmune."

Oo'npii

qo'qjak gapka'wh.

Tenma'wilen.

Koryak, Lesna.
Qutkinivaxu'nu i'tilkilin, pelhaja'tki. A'nqafi ge'lqaLin, ora'wac Enm'mtilan gayo e/ o]en, ganrai'talen. Le'Jfia gepi'5

vivelin,
x

Enni'nat

orana'wtmlin.

Ora'wac gewye'lkilm. / Miti Enni'n gaci^tawlen.

g-e^qaLin.

Qutkmivaxu'nak

OraVac Qutkinga^milen,

n a xu
-

no^afi

Miti^ak

ga'tkiplilen,

uia'qucita gape^alen. "e'nm-ne'wut, qanto^e !" geye^in10 Ti x nuk ge^kurh gantc/len, yanu x tken gekukeiVilin. Gerela Ya r nut Miti^iak ena^me, kilin, gaqam/tvalen, giVlin,

gekukeiVilin,

genulin.
x

Cfmkup

OraVac Qutkinn'a xu

inekukeiVi."

Ligi'mmen
x

miti

w ge^qaun,

nak

orape^tijen.
x

GeleVtintilin.

"Ex chi-van

ligi'mmen MitTtfnmin."

Qutkinn'a xu geye Lin, hg-fmmen gechicene^lin, ligfmmen 15 gaqam^tvalen. OraVac E^ni-fieVut garai^ijen. "Mit^nak ora'wac

tenanqo^punaw."

Qutkinn'a^u

geye^Lin,

eVun

eYe.
x

A'nqafi ge^qaLin, gafivc/len aineVitkuk, "Qiye^hi, E nmneVut!" Mit^nak Jigi'mmen "Qate^imi mile'kki!

20 tena'nmi."

Qo^pu

aineVitkuk gapkaVlen.

TenmaViJa

8
!!.

Kamchadal.

Klu^xe^
Ku'txen
Raven-Big's

8 k!c!amjanl'a n kcu^l'kajukfiin, kpilhe^kajuknin.

s

qcla'mjanl'an
people

juncci n,
are living,

pHheskis.
they are hungry.
1

Kex'a^ke krlkajuknin,
Kex'a'nke
To
the sea

x'u

ir'nclin

klcla^janl kicki
1

kfiin,

p^kiknin,
he went,

x'l/xan ni^cin qcla'mjanl

then

kicki^nm
he found
x
-

Fish-Person
x

kmtxila'knin
kintxila^fiin

asmoke.
a tnok.
x

ISIel'rial

k^pctuin,
she threw
it

nu whel knu
with that

I^e^nal ki'pctuin, Tnuwhel knu

With roe
out.

he brought her home.

2

they

The

first

line of text

is

Kamchadal of

coast

the second line, that of Sedanka.

PUBL. AMER. ETHN. SOC. VOL. V.

98

kajuknin.
kajuknin.
were feeding.

X'Q
L'il'i-ha'nxaft'
Then

Klutx

kna'lxkinm

(nu'whenk.)
(i'nuwhenki.)
(on her.)

Kutx kna'lxkman
Raven-Big he married her

Miti' Miti'
Miti'

nu'whenk kxekanl'ka'jukfiin.
i'nuwhenki kxekanl'ka'juknin.
with her

Te'naq Klutx so'nke Te'naq Kutx zo'nke

Then
Raven-Big
to the

grew

jealous.

(open) country

ki'lkmin.
pi'kiknin.
went.

Miti'

Miti
By

nu 8 nimcx ku'jilm, kl'a'm'an, kikuke'jin, enu' himcx ku'jilm, kl'a'man kikoka'jon,

this

Miti'

woman

she struck her, she killed her,

x

she cooked her

x

kitxa s/ 'lin.
lotxa'l'in.
she ate her.

K^con qimjVnanke
x

ki'nftili^.

K'a con qimja^anke ka^ijm.

Some
to (her)

Te naq K!u tx Te naq Kutx

x

husband

she

left.

Then
!"

Raved-Big.

5 kklol'kinin.

"tTncIin

nimcx, himcx,

kiq^mctixic
come out!"

Ku

tik

qlo^'kifiin.
came.

"N^nclin

kiqu^ctixc!"

Ku'texil
From
the
rear storeroom

"Fish-Woman,

kiqu'mctiknin,
qu'mctikfiin,
she

qla^nan k^nclin.
qla 'nan k^nclin.
that
x

Kice'knin, no'num kfnKicle^fiin,

She entered,

no num

kin-

came

out,

one

cooked one.

she brought

recently

clihiin,

kl'c/an,

txila^nm,
the food,

klc/an,
x

"Qlank Mit^nk I'a^humnen, kokajo^ "Qlank Mit^nk I'a^humnen, kokajo^

by
Miti'

she said, "Not long ago

she killed me,

x

she

humnen." humnen."
cooked me."

Te naq kulan
Again

kl'xa'lenk kHkinin, te
pi'kiknin,
he went,

naq MitF
1

Te'naq kulan kl'xalenk

to-morrow

(/net
again

Miti'
by
Miti'

Ena'nke kpe'nckinm. Ktxin kli'pil'in. Ena'nke gape'nclin. 1 K!c/mtkal gankaVravlen.

she

"Ne'niven "Ne'niven
"This
time

attacked her.

Her (neck) [head]

she wrung.

10 tl'a'mhm."
tl'a'mhm."
I

K!utx kklo'l'kinm, te'naq kuna^noknan, te'naq

Kutx
Raven-Big
x

qlo'l'kmin,
came,

te'naq
again

ke'cx'liknm,
she recovered her
senses,

te'naq
again

killed her."

nc/num nc/num

ki nc!ihiin.

kintxila'knin.

she brought the food.

1

All these words and forms are borrowed from the neighboring

Koryak

(eastern

branch).

99

Nu

ifnclin
ni'nc!in

fiimcx

a'tmoke
a'tnok
went

kHkinm.
pfkiknin.
home.

"Miti'nk

Ihi

inu' Then

himcx

"Miti'nk 1'rTi
"By
Miti'
after a

Fish- Woman

while

I'l'mha'lhumnen."

K!utx

kklo'l'kifiin,

e'wun e'wun
and

kime'ckinin.
ktsxa'lkifiin.
(there is) nothing.

I'lmha^humnen."
she will
kill

Kutx
Raven-Big

q!oTkinin,
came,

me."

Kex'a'nke

ki'lkajukfiin,

kike'lkajuknin,

"Klo'lxc,
"QIo'lxc, "Come (here),

ii'ncfin

Kex-a'nk
To
the sea
-

pi'kiknin,
he went,

kelka'juknm,
he began to
call,

ni'nc!in
Fish-

nimcx."

himcx."
Woman!"
5

"X'enc mkloTkicm! "Henci mqloTk

!

te'naq Miti'nk te'naq

By
Miti'

Miti'nk

I'lmha'lI'lmha'lshe will

"I will not

come!

again

humnen." hum."
kill

Hale!

c/c!ki

ki/tuin.

Tpl^nlxun.

Hale! o^Ialel ki/tuin.

Altogether to call her he could not.

Tpfnlxun.
That
is

me."

all.

24. Kilu"

and Monster-Man.

(In

Three Dialects?)
her
sister

Yinra-nVwgut and
is

went

out

for

a
"

walk.

YiniVnaVgut looked ahead and espied something.

there?

What

Look at it!" Kih/ looked, and it fell down. now you said, 'What is coming there?'" And it "Just fell down again." They came home and made a fire. Then there was a clattering at the entrance, Monster-Being came there. He sat down on Kill's side. Oh, she pushed her cousin "You saw him first! Then be at his side!" toward him. As soon as her cousin went to sleep (with him), KnV Even all her clothes were ran away out of the house.
They caught on the trees, and she pulled at them with violence. So, when she came to the river, The trees were catching she had on no clothes at all.
torn to shreds.

even

at

her

eyes.

She pulled with

violence,

and even

bled from the nostrils.

100

and the people laughed "Indeed a "What has happened to you?" at her. and devoured my cousin. It was she who kamak came "Let us go and look at her!" They saw him first." set off and moved on. They came and saw those two (The new-comer was) a very good walking together. young man. They said to Kilu', "If you had not run away, he would have married you."
to the village,

Then she came

began to boast, "The suitor came first to me !" though it was not true at all. She envied Yini'abecause of her husband. He entered, (and proved na'wgut to be) a very good young man, and Kilu' envied her sister to a great extent. Her cousin was married, (and

Then

Kilu'

not she).

Oh, that

is

all.

Koryak, Kamenskoye.
Enfia 8/ an
isfa'nyen
"iSla'no

wu'ssmau

Yini'a-fia'wgutinti

lela'pitconvoi Yini'a-na'wgut yi'nna E'nki qigitaykmi'gin !"

va s/ yuk

notantaga'e. e/ yo onen.

Gu'mlafi

Kilu' lela'pekin, inna'tikm.

5

"A'chi

ni'w-i-gi,
/

na'nyen 'Na'no yi'nna

ya'tiykin?'

Me, gu'mlafi
r

innVti."

qatha ai, oyelannivo^i, va ak t^Li-wus'his-he'ti. Am Enfia 8/ an Ye'ntlii-rtala'n ya x ti. Inya^wut Kilu^ikqal Na'nyen Kilu'nak naw-yilalni-t^mgin nanikanva^ale.
Yaite
ti

qalartin
x

upma^nin.
Ki
x

"Gi'ssa

nila^itcui-^i.

Cei^ik

qat-

10 vaykine -ge."
natninoi'tin

fiaw-yila^ni-tu^gin yilqa'ti, Va 8/ yuk kimi'tau neka'nvolai mal-gintaVi.

kitinve'titkmen.
givalai'ke,
s/

cic

aVwi
tilai",

qo'fivolai, u'ttik givalai'ke,

Va'ami

ui^a

yi'nna.

GaLa'ma
x

u'ttik

kitinve^itkinen.

MoLata^volai a wun e'nvelma.

15

Va 8/ yuk
pitcula n."
8

tilai',

"Tpa a'nam
-

"Quyaxja'ntik?" e Ena'n lela'na'nyen kama'kata nanuVa an.

natcig-a
e/

ata's'hu

an

"fta'afi

minyo

olan."

Ga'lqaLinau, tawa'filai

IOI

tilai'viki, neyas'hei'ti o'nmi-mal-oya'cek. galanvo'lenau, 8Kill/ newfiivo'an, agmta'wka, gi'ssa hana "Ai'geve

mata'-ge."

Ra'nyen
Gu'mkifi

Kilu'

mal-taitifiica'nnivoi.
/

gaya'dri nawmdu x nane'ninak aki nu Yini'a-na'wgut

o'nmi-mal-oya'cek.

la n."

"Ya'not," e'wan, rnmiq na'no ui'fia.

Gaya^qiwlin ga^nilin. Toq, na^yen Kil^ mal-akena^nivoi. nama^an. Toq, o'pta.

Koryak, Paren.
Yinra-neVg-utinti notanta^a^s. iSl s/ 8/ 10 lela'pitkonfioi. "ISIe'no Yini'a-ne'wgut va yuk yo onen. x E nki qigitetkinfgm !" Gifmhn fie'nin Kilu / lile^ityi'nna
kin, infie'etitkin.

Enfia 8/ a wusa nau

"Yfshi niV-i-gis, 'Ne^o yfnna ya^itkin?'

Ve, g^mlm inne^i." x r Yaite ti qatha as, oyelanninoVas, va 8/ yuk tiluus'his'he'ti. 7 Ecca^-amei Kilu'nanqal 15 Am enna^ Ce^tin-Ttalan ye/ti.
vaga^e.
kinen."

Ne^in
Ki
r

K'ilu'nak

lartin upma^i'nin.
tkis
8/

"Gftca
8

new-yila^ni-tu'mgin ilanikanqax x Qa ca qatva tnile^itkui-gis.

yilqe'ti,

new-gi^a

eVcem

nas-hino^tifi
r

kimi'teu nika^nulas qo^nolas, u ttik mel-ginte^i. x Vaia'mi tilei', ui'na yi nna. 20 givala^kis, kitinve^itkinen. GaLa^a u'ttik givaja'tkis, kitinve^itkinen. Mo'lita'nfiolas

Va yuk

e'wun ge'flvel'ma.

Vas/yuk

tilei

te'nfiu

8/ netciga an.

Caxlatkine'tik
r

?"

x 8 Ena n lile'pit"I'pa a'nam ne'nin kama kata nenu'wa n. 8 s/ iSle'ci 25 kula n." minyo ola." Ge^qaunau, tawa'nlas galan-

no'lenau,

necisherti

tijei'vitkis,

o'nmi-mal-oya^ek.
/

Kilu

8 newnino^an, "Ai^eve eginte'wka, gftca nana mata -gis." Ne'nin Kil^ mal-taitinisa^nivoi. * Yat," e'wafl, "Qti'mkifi
8 fiewinn u la n.'' I'nmix ne'no C'LC. Yini'a-ne'wgut geye'Lin x x 30 neni ninak aqi nu ge'lfiilin. Geyelqiwlin o^mi-mal-oya^ek x 8 fie'nin Kilu n nama'tan. To, mal-aqine'nnivoi.
t

New-gna

To, o

pta.

IO2

Koryak,

Qare'fiin.

Enrra 8/ an

wuti'nau

Yine'a-ne'wgritmti
!"

ganotanta'lkilat.
"iSla'ni

Ra'm

lile'pijki.

Yifie'a-fie'wgut

c/raw yo 8/ onen.
fia'ni

ti'nnaq,

fia'ni
a

inne'tkm.
x

qigite'tkim sshi i'vitkm,

Fnmk
'Na'ni

Kilu' lile'pitkin,
ye'tkin?'

ti'nna

Mei,

nmk
i

inne^i."

Ra^tilkilat ye'tilkilat, uyila'tilkilat, o'raw ti'Li-wurgirge'ti.

Te^tin-rtilan

ye

ti.

Amei

7
,

Kili/nafiqal

vagale.

Kilu^ak fiaw-yila^ni-ti^m^in na^enqac /J "Git niLe'pitkui-git. Nura a q^tkinin." Ki'tkit

i

upin'alfnin.
fiaw-yila^ni-

10

mel-ginteVi. kimi'teu nekalkilat qu^kilat, u'ttik giva'tkuk kitinve^itkinen. Vaia^i tilei^ e'Le tfnna. GaLa^a u x ttik giva't-

t^mg'in

yflqalki,

eut

ga^ginok

O raw
x

kuk kitinve'titkmen. Muu'tilkilat gagi'n'kiLama. a O'raw tilei", kri'ru ne'ssm. Taxlatkme'tki ?"
15 ti'nna

"Tpa
"Na'ttafi
fiiterge'ta

nVm kama kat

x

ne'nun.

Ena'n

lile'pilin."

8/

minyo

ola."

GelqaLe'fti,

ta'vlat

gelelkile'ni,
7

tijai'vilkilat,

nime'lqin
git
7 x

ora'cek.

Kilu

niVilkin,

"Ai^eves
"Gu'm/5 Yine a-

eginteVka,

nana^ata'-git.
mal-taqli'nnijki.
/

Na'm
20 mukin
x

Kilu

"Ya'nut,"

e'wun,
x
i

geye

Li

fiewinyu

la n.

Em

na'ni

tka.

ne wgut fiane'ninak aqi'nu gelfiilin. Gere'lqiwlin nimi'sax7 ora'cek Toq, na'ni Kilu mal-aqine'tilki.
nama'tan.

Naw-yilalfii-tu'mg-m

To, tenma'vilen.

APPENDIX
SONGS. l
i.

I.

It

seems that I am going to sing of Qutx and his family. have a wife Alfiatva'gal I will sing of the people

of Ye'lmel.
2.
I

shall recover

fly-agaric (I senses, then

my senses, I shall have have stunned myself).

I

rest.
I

Simply with

shall recover
I

my
will

will

simply run to

my

sweetheart.

sing of

my

bad

children.

i.

Qayifiu'n na'no e'wafi.

It

Qo'txminu mmai'fiawnau.
Qutx and
family
his
I

Gu'mma
I

seems

there

he says.

will call of them.

galnatvagalna'wlen.
with a wife Alnatva'gal
(Strongly-Sitting-One).

Gu'mma Yelme'lmu
I

minai'nawnau.
I

the people of

will call of

them.

Ye'lmel
2.

Michicana'urkin, timtme'urkm, a'ttau wapa'qata.

I

MichicaI

shall recover

my

shall

have

rest,

simply

with fly-agaric.

shall

senses,

na'urkin
recover my senses
/

am-vi'n-va-nawe'ti.
mere
to the secret wife.

Gumni'n
My

a'ccifi bad

kmrftit
children

mmai nawnau.
I

will

call of

them.

1 These two songs were written down from the phonographic records of Mr. Jochelson (No. 2 and No. 7 on his list). The first is in Koryak of Kamenskoye; the second is Chukchee in grammar and phonetics, and Koryak in vocabulary. It was obtained from an old Reindeer Chukchee of Parapolski Dol, who had lived

for a

long time

among

the Reindeer Koryak.

APPENDIX

II.

CONSTELLATIONS
NOTE.
In the
lists

given below, the numbers in parentheses indicate

different dialects, as follows:

(1) (2)
(3)

Chukchee.

(4)

Koryak of Paren, according Koryak of Kamenskoye.

to Jochelson. 1

(5)

(6)

Koryak of Qare'nm. Koryak of Lesna. Kamchadal of the coast.

POLAR STAR.
(1)
Ilu'k-e'fier

(= motionless star). A'lqe'p-e'ner (= nail-star).

nail-star).

(2) (3) (4) (5)

Acka'p-afia'y (== nail-star).

Alqa'p-a'nay (=
Elke'p-e'ner
Elka'p-e'fier

(= (=

nail-star).
nail-star).

URSA MAJOR.
(1) (2)

wiyotkma'ulit

(=

sling'-throwers).

elwe'-kyefi (= wild reindeer-buck), elwe'-ene'y (= wild-reindeer star). (3) ijva'-kyin (= wild reindeer-buck).
ijva'-a'nay
(4) ilva'-ki'rin

(5)
(6)
1

(= wild-reindeer star). (= wild reindeer-buck). mai'ni-ki'rin (= large reindeer-buck). ki'nn (= reindeer-buck).

Judging by the transcription, the names of constellations given by Jochelson They all have e instead of the a of Kamenskoye. Acka'p-anai\ however, is either a Kamenskoye form, or, in Paren dialect, a second form of the stem used in oblique cases I have also corrected some evident errors (cf. p.
are of Paren origin.
4).
(cf.

Jochelson,

The Koryak,
1

/.

<:.,

Enan'venan instead of
of YekSnelaqlin,

Ena'nvenanana^

Ulve'-ly-i intilcfin

p. 123); namely, ene'y instead of enen, Yekenela! tllln (or also Yekenelc&n) instead instead of Uheiyinitilatn.

vol.

vi,

[104]

PLEIADES.
(1)

fiaus-qajo'mkin

(= group

of

women

).

(2) ke'tmet (= little sieve). (3) ka'tmac (= sieve).

(4)

ke'rmes (=
ilva'u

(sieve).
[pi.]).

(=

wild reindeer

(5) (6)

ke'rmes'
no'jicx

(= sieve). (= string).

CASSIOPEIA.
(i) (3) ilve't

(=

wild reindeer
1

[pi.]).
3

(5)
(6)

(= group of women nawis-qati'mkin qai-ki'nn (= small reindeer-buck).

x'ai'hene

).

(=

wolf).

ORION.
(1) (3)
(4)

(5)

(= crooked one). yu'lt-a'nay (= crooked star). rulte'yet (= crooked one). 8 wolva'ki-r-i'mtila !! (= crosswise-bow rulte'yilm (= crooked one).
rulte'nnin

carrier).

BELT OF ORION.
(2)

(3)

(6)

(= handle of scraper), ulve'-iy-i'mtila^ (= crosswise-bow carier). vu'lvi-ty-i'mtila'n (= crosswise-bow carrier) kantc (= long scraper).
ena'nvenafi
is

"Group of women"

the

name

of the Pleiades

among

the

Chukchee, and
is

of

One of these Cassiopeia among the Koryak of Kamenskoye. the Koryak of Kamenskoye Yini'a-na'wgut, and another Kilu'.
3

women

called

by

Among
or,

the Chukchee, the Belt of Orion

It

is

considered the crooked back of the

it

archer Rulte'nnin.

became crooked because

his wife struck at

with her tailoring-

according to another version, with the wooden handle of her scraper. Among the Reindeer Koryak, the Belt of Orion is called Kilu'-ena'nvenafi ("Kilu"s handle of scraper"). The Koryak archer, who carries his bow crosswise, is evidently
board,
identical with the

Chukchee archer with the crooked back.

io6

MILKY WAY.
(1) cigei'-ve'em
8/

(pebbly

river).

(2)

ya -ve'yem (= clay

river).

(3)

cegai'-va'am (= pebbly

river).

ya -va'am
(5)

clay river).
river).

aYu-vei'em (= muddy

(6) kix-

(=

river).

CORONA BOREALIS.
(i) (3) (4)

omqa'-ya'gilhm (= polar bear's paw).

kawa't-oi'pin

(=

fish-heads stuck

in).

Kflu'-pja'kilnm (Kill's boot).

ALDEBARAN.
(i)

(3)

cicY}o-xma

ce'LO-ma^qim (= copper arrow-head). / / -la wut (= copper arrow-head).

ALTAIR AND TARARED.

(i) (3)

pegi'ttm.
1

pagi'ttm.

CAPELLA.
(1)

cu'mfii

(=

reindeer-buck).

(2) (3)
(5)

(= driving with reindeer). gaka'nila^n (= one driving with reindeer). geke'fiilin (= one driving with reindeer).
yekefiela'tilm
z

WAGONER.
(i)

cumna'-nlete'tilin

(= reindeer-buck

carrier).

According
Star.

to
I

Mr. Jochelson, Pege'ten ("suspended breath")

to ascertain

is

the

name

of the

Morning
drivers")

was unable
in

the derivation of this word.

are also called geke'rlilit "reindeervii,

Some
;

stars
cf.

the

constellation

Wagoner
/.
<:.,

Bogoras,

The Chukchee,

vol.

p.

308.

VOCABULARY.
A
Ch.
circle

under a

letter indicates that the

stem

is

strong (see p. 4).

Chukchee.

P
Pal.

Paren.
Pallan.

K
Les.

Kamenskoye. Lesna

Active (transitive).

Medial

(intransitive).

Qar. Qarenin.

KORYAK-ENGLISH.
Stems.

im (used only
all

in

compounds),

all

En,

he

I'mm-, I'min-, I'mi- (Ch. im-, imilo'),

inp,

76.15 old

E'nnu, a'nnu, he, that one 19.1 E'nik (Ch. Eni'k), possessive

Ena'n (Ch. Ena'n),

20.8

subjective
his

form

mpi- (Ch. mpi-), old ninpiqin, he is old 47.1

in,

glue glue
to glue 88.9

Enin-,

Eni'n, ani'n (Ch. Eni'n), that one

I'na (Ch. I'nm),

Eni'n,

Ena'n (Ch. E'nqan),

that one

ma'tekm (Ch. ma'arkm),

ila,

ilalu'

proper name (male) 52.3 (term of endearment), the youngest

IT 6 E'nki (Ch. E'n'ki), the last vowel) E'nki

13.5

there 12.6

Enke' (with accent of exclamation on

13.7

ilnitat,

one 32.8 sinew thread

ilnita'tikm

M,

to prepare sinew thread

E'nkita Pal.,

82.18
ilia'
!

Enna 8 'an (Ch.

likewise 90.4 thus 13.1 En-fii'n),

(used only

among
48.7

females),

O woman!
woman
ilv-.
!)

(cf.

Ch.

fia'ul!

O girl O
!

Enni'n'ac,

this

much,

to such degree

Enkaya Enkaya'ykm M,

to snore 28.4

See elv

JL,

E.L,

mother
'

Enn, fish Enna'n (Ch. Enne'n),

fish

iLa8 ', ELa8

(Ch. ELa'),

mother 33.3

Enni'mtila 8 n,

Fish-Man 88.1

iLa'nyo,

youngest youngest brother

iLa'ni (Ch. Ele'fri), the or sister 23.7

E'nm-na'wgut, Fish-Woman 96.4 Ennan K, Ennen* P, one Enna'n K, Enne'n' P (Ch. Enne'n'), one Enna'niku, in the same place 80.7
father EL, ELi'n (Ch. ELi'gin), See JL EL.

Ech,

they

(cf.

ach)

E'CCI (Ch. E'rn),

they (absolute form

(cf.

father 54.6

subject intransitive) 12.1

a'cci)

PUBL.

AMER. ETHN. SOC. VOL.

V.

io8
ate, kick aa'tetkm Pal. (A), aynv, blame
tiLe'ykm (Ch. aige'ti tile'rkin), he moves on, crossing th j wind With-Odor-Averter 63.7 Ai'gili,
aige'ti

to kick 90.6

ayi'wikm M, to use bad language yayiwa'wikm A, to blame somebody

74.19
ayicna, lying on side

Ai'gmvm,With-Odor-Pusher-Away,63.6
ai'gewe (Ch. ai'vE),
ai'kip,

yesterday 78.26

ainaw,
lying

fly-eggs 45.2 call

a'yicna (Ch.

a'nchA),

on

side

aina'wikm M,
ai'nun,

(Ch. eifie'urkin),

to

31-8

call 33.6; 47.3

ayicnatva'ykm (Ch. anchatva'rkm),

lie

to
|

long ago 61.1

upon
fall

side

awa-nni
to

ayat,

aya'tikm

(Ch.

ere'erkm),

fall

in a good manner a'wa-, awanni'ykm M, to sew well

down
yaya'tikm M
(Ch. rere'erkm),
fall

awa'nm'-naw,
to

seamstress 25.2561.13

make

something
ayiyai
ayi'yai,

down

56.8

awyi awyi'ykm M, to eat 12.55.20.7 yawya'tiykm (y-awya'tiykm) A,

feed, to

to

upright blocks of ice on the frozen sea 64.25

nevertheless, at least 18.1

make
e'un),
all

eat 72.8

a'wun (Ch.
awvva',

but 96.12
right 30.5

ayi'kvan, ayu, revive

well,

a'wwi K, e'wcem P,
to revive
to revive

ayu'ykm (Ch. eiu'rkm), yayu'ykm A (Ch. reiu'rkm), somebody 61.7

aia,

immediately, just

then 100.10

awnu'p,

quite, very 64.11

a'wyek, a'wyik,

storehouse storehouse 36.8

since, as long as 70.4

ai'an,

aia'nac,
aiv,

a'wyek (Ch. e'ekelhm, i'ik), Polygonum viviparum 31.5 awi'wut. See avi'ut
awulpel,
fish-tail

root of

alms
present, alms (in

aiva'ai (Ch. ei'veei),

a'wulpel-pel,

diminutive 70.15
to

victuals)

ap

aivilai'km

(Ch. eive'erkin),
1

to give

a'pikm

M (Ch. r'pirkm),

be fastened

some meat
aim,

to neighbors as a present

or alms 63.1

water
(Ch.

ai'mekm

ai'mirkm),

to

fetch

apa'tekm M, A (Ch. upaa'rkm), cook 63.1 r 596.3

apa'na, ipa'na (Ch. boiled water 28.6
upa'ni),

to

water 17.7

broth,
to

ai'mman (Ch. ai'mm), watering-place,

ice-hole

aimak, cover aima'kikin A,

all

tapa'nekm (t-apa'-n-ekm), soup 42.10

to

make

wrap up,

to cover

appa,
apt

father, grandfather 24.9

aig,

around 84.9 odor

odor coming with

apti'ykm

aiga'ai (Ch. eige'ei),

the

wind 63.6

to kick (Ch. e'ptirkm), with one's feet, to trample half-scraped skin 72.24

avi'ut, awi'wut, quickly, in haste

on
ass,

it,

while the upper layer

is

cut

man

awi'wut,

most quickly 70.12

whole, exclusive,
all,

off for

drying apart 74.14

since, of the other

am, all am- (Ch. em-),

mere, only

since

a'ssa, as'S'o' (adv.),

day 18.5
assa'kin, that the other day, recent 52.6
assa,

am-qaiu'iu-na'lhm (Ch. em-qaiu'-ne'lmere fawn-skins 22.10 hin),

thigh
thigh 46.9
heedless,

am-ga'nmac,
70.21

one

to each (of the two)

assalnin,
as'ka'cikilin,

-am (Ch. -am), particle 45.2 Amamqut K, Eme'mqut P, proper name

41.6

dently
positive
ac, aca, fat

a
is

negative

headlong (eviform, but the

unknown) 70.24
fat substan-

am
a'mu (Ch.
ta 'y a'mu,

a'can,

a'cm (Ch. e'cm),

15.4
little

-tge'me),
I

do not know

tive)
aca'pil,

do not know, how much

piece of fat 14.8

fat

55-3
a'mlin, do not care, do not mind 64.13 a'mlm-van K and P, from this time on 92.10

gaca'lin (Ch. e'cilin),

one
to

aca

aca'ykm

(Ch. ece'rkm),

pass

amei'.

a'mnuc, every time, See mai

all

the time 53.1

is

water 14.2; 64.25 acage'nm, penis (literally, instrument for passing water) 80.20

ame'yaq (=a'me-yaq),
atau' (Ch. atau'),

how

he? 68.2

vainly, without reason

61.3

K, aceal P, snow soaked with urine 92.12 aca'Lu (Ch. ecu'nlhm), chamber-vessel
aca'al

atau'-qun
all

(Ch.

atau'-qun),

well,

now;

76.24
acachat,

right 14.8

laugh
to laugh

atas-h

a'cacha'tekin,
to
(cf.

19.2
this, it is

ata's'hu yitci'ykm,

make a laughingCh. ata'rge ne'-

a'ccic

(Ch. erre'c),

only

the

stock of 100.15
lirkm,
to

end 23.2
ach,

make

a noise, to

make

they
they (absolute form
subject intransitive)

a racket) boot atv,

a'tvas t (Ch. a 8 'ttwet),
atvai,

a'cci (Ch. E'rri),

boot 41.5

a'chin,

their
i'git),

hoof
hoof 48.8
then 90.10

achi (Ch.

now.
here

See yishi

atva'gilnm,
a'tti Pal.,

achi'kin,

this

now

49.8
this

achiva'n

(= a'chi-van),

from

time

atta8 yol atta8 'yol,

down

river,

down

the coast

on 20.5; 54.3 achm, as'hm, seashore

a'nau,
all

23. 2

564.22

s 39.7 (cf. Ch. a tto'ol, 8 s atta m, a m, bone

in front)

right 32.1 a'naqun (Ch. a'ni vai, a'ni nan),

and so

a'tta 8

8 (Ch. a 'ttim),

bone

36.10
anya,
praise, cheer

atta8 mtiva'ykm,
fi

to spit out bones 56.8 a m-yat, the backbone of a fish, chiefly dog-salmon, dried with some meat

anya'ykin A (Ch. anya'rkm), to cheer up 84.5

to praise,

IO
aina'ykm,
to
to

ann,

ah 47.2
frost

call),

scold

35.1

annim,

(see also kitaina)

annima'ykm M, to freeze Anm'mayat, Frost-Man 38.9 ankaw anka'wekm (Ch. Eiikae'rkm), cease, to deny 41.9

bad aqa, a 8 'ccin (Ch. e'tqi),

to

he

is

aqa'-qla'wu} (Ch. aqa'-qla'ul),

bad 22.6 bad man

aqa'-lina'tikm (Ch. aqa'-line'erkin), to be afraid (literally, to be of bad heart)

a'nku Lini'ykin A, annen,

to refuse 64.11

a 8 'ccinica s n,

the worst 30.7

to

anger annenai'pekin (Ch. annenai'purkin), to be angry

aqacn,
soil

dirt

aqacnuna'wekm M,
itself

grow

dirty, to

annicvma'wekm,
31.2

to

become angry

aqann'
aqa'nn'u yicci'ykm A, to hate, to hatred for 15.10 aquna'ca. See exune'Ce
feel

annen,

mind

a'nnen, mind, common sense it is her own Eni'k annena'ta,

mind

agim,
aginni,

bag 28.5
love

88.13

an*a

an 'a',

grandmother, also the diviningto

agi'nnikm M, to make love 72.23 cave 62.6 agin,

a sal

stone 33.6
an-a'coykin, practise with the divining-stone 80.20
a'kyel,

divination

a 8 'al (Ch. a s lha'ttE

63-4

[= a s l-ha'ttE]),

axe

also 28.6

a8 ya a 8 'yaykm A, a 8 pa a 8 pa'lnm, (M),

to
flipper 58.6

akin K, aqin P, envy aki'nu Imi'ykm (A), aqi'nu h'nitkin

to haul 51.7

P (A), to envy 101.6,29 akina'tikin K, aqine'tikin P

envy 88.1
akuyicva'tikm
tikin,
;

a 8 m. a8 tt,

See atta 8

m
dog 48.8
she-dog

101.7,30
(probably aq-uyicva'play),

dog
8 (Ch. a 'ttm),
8 ttan

A 8 'tta 8 n
naw-a

to

make bad

to

do

wrong
akija
8
'c,

54.2

(Ch. neu'ttm), a'tta 8 la 8 n (Ch. a s 'ttihn), a

man

driving

just

now

54.8
to take

with dogs
atta s 'waw,

akmit
akmi't-ikin
14.8

(Ch. eimi'irkm),

dog's carrion 12.6 a e 'ttai (Ch. a s ttEVqan), fringe of dogskin; any other fringe
gattai'len

akmitkat
akmitka'tikin,

and P,
dog-shed

fringed 92.13
(literally,

akmis-qa'tikm
to stick 88.8

(Ch.

a8 tta'yan,

dog-

eimis-qae'rkm),

house) 72.14

akmitka-tu'yaykin,
sticking-take off)

to detach (literally, to

as
a s 'sa s n,

cooked

fish

y-akmitka-tu'ya-w-n-ikin,

want

to

a 8 so'ykm, a 8}

to eat

cooked

fish

66.4

detach 86.13
aqit-aina

aqitaina ykin

M (probably aqit,

a s 'la 8 !, ala 8 'al (Ch. a 8 'La e 'l),

excrement

blame;

12-5; 47-4

1 1

a E la'tvekm M, to taste of excrement 29.4 a s laki'mkim K, ejeki'mkin P (Ch. ele'm-

alaio'ykm
is

(Ch.

eleru'rkin),

summer

coming

16.5

km), omasum
net) 92.3

(literally,

excrement-

ala'-nimyo'lhin,
alait

summer habitation 58.4

awkward

nilai'tiqin (Ch. nile'gtaqin),

a s lona'tekin, a s lona'tekin M, daylight is coming 31.10 (cf. Ch. a 'lo'net,

fc

46.1
alai'tm,

awkwardly, not very pleasantly

the whole daytime)

82,4
alp,

a elm,

snow

cheek

a 8 lme'km M, to shovel snow 15.9 a s 'lmulqan, snowdrift 86.3

alpi'Linm (Ch. elpi'Linm), cheek cheek-bone 88.10 alpi'ttam,

a'lva,

anmmilat anmmila'tikm M,
anaika
nanai'qaqen, awful

another
(Ch.
elve'lin),

to feel elated 84.17

alva'lin

another one

76.19
a'lva (Ch. a'lva),
to

on another place 18.6

anai'qa-pi'tkekin, (against the ground)

(pi'tkekin)

thud

awfully
(see

alna,

stingy stingy
to

84.10

na'lnaqin,

anan
a'nan (Ch. e'nen),
spirit,

alna'wikin, alhal

be stingy 17.1
to

shaman's assisting

alha'likm A,

catch at something

God

(Christian)

72.20

nana'nqin,

full

of shaman's inspiration

42.9 ana'nila s n (Ch. ene'nilm), ananya'ykm, to practise

33-7 ane', halloo 49.3 sea afiqa,
!

yiyiw

(initial},

-nyiw (medial),

-nn'iw

shaman shamanism

(medial)

yiyi'wikm A, nom. past gann'i'wlin,

to state, to define 76.16
yiyilpat,

(cf. Ch.

a'ni, there you

!)

yiyimpat

cicilpe'tikm, cicirnpe'tikm

a'fiqa,

a'nqan (Ch. a'nqi),

sea 13.3;

pa'tikm, yiyimpa'tikin K,
9 2 -!5

(A), yiyilto hide

82.3
anq-o'ttoot (Ch. anq-ettoot),
floating

yip

wood
anqa'ken (Ch. anqa'ken),
to the sea 76.17

yipe'km
belonging
yip

(Ch. yipi'rkm),

gai'pilen (Ch. gai'pilen),

nom. past to put on

18.1; 70.16

a'limm (Ch. a'limm),

21. 2; 74.1
ala,

nay; oh, well!

yipi'km

(Ch. yipi'rkm),

nom. past
to stop up,

summer
K,
ele'el

gai'pilin (Ch. gei'pilin),

ala'al

(Ch.

e'leel),

summer

to bar 14.10

in ala'k (Ch. ele'k), ala'kin (Ch. ele'kin),

ala'nit

summer-time adj. summer-

yipiykala (initial), -npiykalg. (medial)

yipiykala'wekm A, nom. past ganpiykala'wlen,

to strangle 82.7

summer-time, (Ch. ele'nit), summer season 31.10

yipitav
yipitca'vikm
49-8

ala'netma

summer

(Ch. ala'netm), habitation

place

of

M,

to

gnash (one's teeth)

yipn,

inner skin

yi'ttit

(Ch.

n'ttit),

cloud-berry (Rubus

yi'pm (Ch. n'pin),

yipat,
fit

inner skin 48.8

to

chamcemosus)
yithewat (initial), -ntigiwat (medial)

yipa'tekm
to

(Ch. yipa'arkin),
33.8

fit,

yipan,

make fit hammer

yithewa'tekm A, nom. past gantigiwa'Len (Ch. nthewa'arkm), to forget 46.9

yis

yipa'na (Ch. npe'ni), of stone) 43.2

hammer

(chiefly

yissi'ykm

yiv (initial), -nv (medial)

to untie 39.2 (Ch. nntku'rkin), ina'ssmail (Ch. ine'rri6hm), marlin-

A(Ch.

ri'rirkin),yissi'tcuykm

yi'vikm

A, nom. past ga'nvilin (Ch.

spike (instrument for untying knots)

ru'urkm),
Tike'nvin,
63-4

push off With-Smell-Pusher-Away

to

yiss,

24.10 contents

yi'ssiyis (Ch. yi'riir),

contents

Ai'gmvm,

With-Odor-Pusher-Away

-yi'ssa n, -yi'ca

sn

(Ch. -yi'nn), contents

houseful,

63-6 yiv (initial), -nv (medial)

of 70.22
ya-yi'sa
s

(Ch.

ra'-irm),

yivi'km A, nom. past ga'nvilen (Ch. ru'urkm), to scrape skins

yivan-fii (initial), -nvan'fii (medial)

family
yicca'tikm, yissa'tikm (Ch. yire'erkm),
17.3 gaye'lin (contracted from gayi'ssalin), 28.8
yishi P, achi K, yi'shi P, a'chi
at present at present,

thou

fillest

yiva'n'nikm skin 26.10

(Ch. ruwe'n'fiirkm),

to

yiviy (initial), -nviy (medial)

yivi'yikm A, nom. past ganvi'ylin,

pierce

to

K (Ch. i'git),

by pecking

(a berry,

an eye)

presently
yishi'ykin P, a'chikin

49-8

(Ch. i'gitkin),

yivinan (initial), -cvinan (medial)

yivina'niqm M, nom. past gacvi'nanlin, to look in 59.1

present, contemporary 92.23 yici (initial), nci (medial) yici'ykm, to look for 80.19

yimgumg
yimgumga'tikm
kin),

yicimaw
rip

(initial),

-ncimaw (medial)
(Ch. ncima'urkm),
to

to

feel

(Ch. yimgumge'erafraid before some

yicima'wikin
open,

A
to

break open 84.4 (see

supernatural being 38.3

yit

cima)
yicicat (initial), -ncicat (medial)

yiti'ykm

A,

nti'rkm),
iary)

nom. past ga'ntilin (Ch. to do something (auxilI

yicica'tikm

(Ch.

ncice'urkm),

to

inspect 56.5

yinu

.(initial),

-nnu (medial)
(A),

walo'ma tmti'ykm-i-gi,
thee
1 8. 2

am

hearing

ymu'ykmk

yitiwat (initial), ntiwat (medial)

nom. past gannu'lin; ymu'tkin Qar., nom. past gegnu'lin; to leave some part, 96.22 gannu;

yitiwa'tekm

(Ch. ritva'arkm),

to

wai'a K,

leaving something, 46.2

spread snares, to set traps 36.5

-yito (initial), -ito (medial)

yinu
yinu'yi

yito'ykm

K, ymun Anadyr, ti'nukn Qar.

(Ch. yito'rkm),

to get out,

to bring forth children 44.7

(Ch. ya'nan), rear storeroom (within the outer tent) 35.6596.23

ymo
ymo'gitnm, ymo'otnm (Ch. rmo'urgm),
vent-hole 43.3 ymn, antler, tusk

y,

house
house, outer

yaya'-na (Ch. yara'ni),

tent 17.3 (in composition ya, Ch. ra) to go ya-nto'-ykm (Ch. ranto'rkm),
antler, tusk

yi'nmlnm (Ch. n'nnilhin),

21.8

out of the house (for the whole summer-time with reindeer-herd)

yai'tikrn

yinnim,
yinn*

gums gums
56.6
to hold

<
to

dative yayai'ti (Ch. ra'gtir-

yi'nnim (Ch. ri'nmm),

ymn-i'ykin
49.4
yik.

km),
yaqal,

come home

15.1

ya'sqalqan,

(Ch. ri'nfirkm),

house-top 84.12; 36.1 porch (probably ya-qal, house-

See cjk

yaqa'jhin,

side) 80.14 foot of

porch 33.9
yaq), one

yigich

yigicha'wikm (Ch. yigiche'urkm), to be tickled 18.9

yigila'wekm A,
to punish 86.5 to teach

ya

ya (probably yaq another 68.9

yayol,

ya'yay (Ch. ya'rar), fox

8

drum

68.4

one a

lesson,

ya'yol, ya'yoc (Ch. yai'col),

fox
46.7 58.4

Yayoca'mtila
yai'vac,

n,

Fox-Man

-ygu

Yayoca-na'wgut,

Fox-Woman

yigu'ykm
yina, -Yna

A (Ch.

yu'urkm), to bite 41.4

to haul 58.8 to turn 18.8

compassion

yai'vaci yissi'ykm
ci'rkin), to

(Ch. yei'wecu nt-

yina'ykm A (Ch. yme'rkm),

yili

have compassion on 44.10

(Ch. yai'vacu
li'fiirkin),

(initial], -nli

(medial]

yai'vacu
to

li'iiikin

yili'ykm

(Ch. nli'rkm),

have compassion on 17.7

y4

-yl

(Ch. yi'hrkm), to give 12.3 yilaxtat (initial], -Haxtat (medial]

yi'likm
yilaxta'tikm A,

yaivacge'nm (Ch. yaiva'cirgin), something worthy of compassion, poor

thing

nom. past

galla'xtaLin

yaip

yilt

A,

(Ch. rilete'erkm), to carry away 80.5 to turn 18.8 (see yili)

to
lie

yai'pekm, yaipila'tekm M, to live together in one house 62.2-64.12

yaina,
to the front side

yiltel

yilte'lekm

(Ch.

nlte'lirkm),

down
yilqat

53.8

yai'na (Ch. ya'gna), to the front side, in the presence 18.8

yilqa'tekm

yaina'ykm
(Ch.
yilqae'rkm),
to

A (Ch. yagna'rkm), A
(Ch. ya'arkm),

to

meet

sleep 38.9
yi'lqiyil, yi'lqayil

yawa yawa'ykm

to keep,

(Ch. yi'lqail),

sleep

to use 22.6

yi}h,

finger

ya'wak K, ya'vac Pal. (Ch.

(Ch.
nlhi'lhin,

ya'a),

far

yi'lhilnm
finger

rilhi'Linm),
to

90.2

yawal,

behind

yilne'km

(Ch. nlhi'rkm),

count

ya'wal (Ch. ya'al),

(literally, to finger)

behind e yawa'La n (Ch. ya'aLan), that in the rear

in the rear, be-

yi'lhi-le'lhin,

glove

(literally,

finger

ya'waci (Ch. ya'aci),

mitten) 22.2

hind

(at

some

distance), afterwards

ya'walanqa],

by the rear side 78.7

yawak'tekm
follow 82.1

(Ch. yaala'arkm),

to

gm-yaq, thou now, thy turn 14.4547.8 but still 45.2 yaq, ya'qam (yaq-am),
-yaq K, -yax P, particle of weakly concessive meaning, like German
dock 14.4; 92. 10
yaqai'-qun (Ch. yaqai'qun),
less 84.11

yawya'tiykm. See awyi yawo'. See wayo'

yamk, people s ya'mkm, ya 'mkm (Ch. re'mkm), people

39-7

neverthe-

yaq
visit

yaq.

See ya

ya
driving

yamkici,

yamkicYykm M (Ch. remkici'rkm), visit, to come as guest 72.6

ya'tikm

yaqan,
to

driving
8

yaqa'n- (Ch. geken-),

yaqa'nila

n (Ch. gekenilm),

man

yat
(Ch. re'tirkm), to bring, to fetch 4i.5;6i.i increase of action yaLa'tikin A,

driving reindeer

yaqa'n-uya'tik,

driving-sledge 22.10
gull 84.16

yqyq>
yaqui.
yagit

g ul1

tya'Lanm K, ciceLe'nm P,
it

I will

bring

ya'qyaq (Ch. ya'yaq), See yekui

92.10

yatv, -natv

ya'tvekin
in 34.4

(Ch. ra'tvu'rkm),

to bring

yagi'tikm M, to sew 8.2.17 ya 'yoa, of one's own will 42.5

s

yali

yanya,
44.2

separately

yali'ykm
on,
yalu, nalu,

ya'nya (Ch. ya'nfa), separately, asunder

ya'nya-qla'wul (Ch. ya'nfa-qla'ul), bachelor (literally, separate

(Ch. reli'rkm), to slide 42.1

to

move

cud

yalu'ykm

(Ch. relu'rkin),

to

chew

man)
first

yalu'yican (Ch. relu'p),

yalu'p (Ch. relu'p),

quid 76.1
for

yanot,

fore
at

quid
(it)

ya'noti (Ch. ya'net),

20.9

yalu'pikm A,
'16.7

to take

a quid

yanot- (Ch. ya'net-),

foreleg

fore-

ya'not-gitca'lnm (Ch. ya'net-gitka'lhm),

yalq

yano'tekm
yaq,

(Ch. yano'orkm),

to

be

in the front 64.17

to (Ch. res'qi'urkm), yalki'wikin enter (mostly the sleeping-house) 13.9 in the sleepingya'lku (Ch. re'lku),

what

room
what with what
-yy
-

41.9

s yi'nna (Ch. ra 'nut),

ss

ya'qa (Ch. re'qa), ya'xpil (Ch. ra'nutqai), small thing, trifle

yiya'ykin, yisa'ykin

(Ch. nra'rkm);

nom. past
garra'len),

yaqi'ykm (Ch. re'qarkm), what doing? 18.10 of what kind 64.14 ya'qkin,
ya'qkinki (= ya'qkin-ki), is he there? 26.10
ya'qu-E'nki,

art

thou

gayya'len, gassa'len (Ch. to split lengthwise, to

full

follow (some road) in

-yyip.

length 70.22

See giyip
white whale 78.6
soft

of what sort

yiyi
yiyi'na,

what of that 56.7

yiyk,

soft

-yaq (Ch. -raq),

pers. pron.)

now

(only with the

niyi'ykaqin (Ch. nii'rkaqin),

yiykula'tikm

M,

to feel easy, 26.7

yicami

ru'rkm, genu'lin),

to

eat,

to con-

yica'myi-tu'mgm (Ch. yice'mit-tu'mgm), brother 20.6

Yini'a-na'wgut,

sume

13.6; 42.8
to

proper

name

18.3

yumkaw, -numkaw yumka'wikm A (Ch. rumke'urkin),

store, to

yinnaw
yinna'wikin
yinla

stow 49.10,74.11
ro'qir),

M,

to live in joy 52.2

yuqy
yu'qya (Ch.

(= ninla)

bumblebee 45.2
44.5

yinla'ykm
yina

(Ch. ri'ntirkm),

to

throw

Yu'qya-na'ut,
yufi
yu'fii,

Bumblebee-Woman
whale 41.2

14.11; 15.7

yina'-ykin (Ch. rine'rkin), to soar 14.9; 15.6

yil,

pi.

yunyu'wgi,
to

to

fly,

moon
(Ch. yi 'lhm),
il

yopat yopa'tekm A, s yo o

hang upon 60.9

8

8 yi 'lhm

month,

moon
yp

yo 'oykm

A
A

(Ch. yo 'rkm),

to

visit

59-8
yil.
.

him

20.7

See

(initial),

-np (medial}

yijk
yi'lkryil,

yipe'km

pudding 34.2 (cf. ri'lqail, the contents of the reindeer stomach

used for making pudding)
-ykil

Ch.

(Ch. npi'rkin), nom. past to drive ga'npilin (Ch. ge'npilin),

in, to thrust 15.7

yeyol, -yol

kla'wekin (Ch. kila'urkin), nom. past

yeyole'km

(Ch.

yuule'erkm),

to

gai'kilawlen

(Ch.

^arkilau'len),

to

know,
yep,
still,

to understand 52.5

run 47.11

only only 47.4 (Ch. yep-e'chi), not as yet

still,

yqu

(initial],

-nqu (medial)

ye'ppa (Ch. yep),

yiqu'ykin,

nom. past ganqu'lin,

it

the

ye'ppa

i'chi

wind pushes

inward 15.2

ye'pluq Pal., actually 90.7 yent K, cent P, monstrous ye'ntin K, ce'ntm P, te'ntin Qar., some-

i'yekm M, (Ch. i'rirkm),

hit 26.4; 72.13

to touch, to

thing awful, monster

ye'ntin-itala
8

n K,

ce'ntin-italan P, te'n-

iya

8
,

heaven
8

tm-i'tilan Qar.,

monster-being 100.7;

i'ya

n (Ch. ye'yeq K, e'en A),

heaven

101.15; 102.7
yekui, yaqui,
yekui'gin,

handle
yaqui'gin

14-3 8 iya 'kin (Ch. ee'kin),

of heaven 14.10

(Ch.

yaqui'gm),

iw

handle 46.8
yelh
yela'al,

i'wikm A,
e'wan,

(Ch. i'urkm), to say 74.20 says he 12.3

it

yela'lni-to'mgm (Ch. te'mgm), cousin 48.3

8
'lo,

ye

8 'lhi-

8 ti'wgak (Ch. ti'wkwa k),

seems, ap-

naw-yela'al (Ch. naw-ge

nawge'lhi-

parently, 57.9 iwini

te'mgin),
ye'lm,

female cousin

iwini'ykm M,
37-5
;

to

come

out, to appear

to this side, there 19.9

yu (nu) yu'-ykm A, nom. past

come
ga-nu'-lin (Ch.

76.15 (cf. Ch. igini'rkm, to to the sea from inland for

seals).

hunting

See inini'ykm

n6
iwgici,

drink

iss,

ic,

dress
dress 60. 10

iwgici'ykm drink 32.1

iwl

(Ch.

iwkuci'rkm),

to

issan, i'can (Ch. i'nn),

iskula'tikm
ic.

M,

to be cold 26.2

See

iss

iwla'tiykm (Ch. inle'erkin), iwlttvi'ykm

(Ch. inhtvi'rkm),
it

icu.
icv. ich.
is'h,

becomes longer

See See
See

ilu

isv

ni'wlaqin adj. (Ch. niu'laqin), long iwla'vik adv. (Ch. niuleu'ki), long for a long time 16.2 yu'laq adv.,
i'pa

-eche'ti

loud

is-himlavainawekin

(= is'hi-mlav-aina'(he)

(Ch.

i'pe),

real,

actual,

really,

wekm), loudly-dancing-shouts
ni's'hiqin,

indeed 21.10
ipa'na,

loud 24.6
light of foot
is

broth 28.6 (see apa'na)

in
in-

ivvalu
ivva'lun,

Ch.

in-),

cormorant 82.17
hairless

ni'naqin (Ch. ni'naqin), he

im,

hairless

inatvi'ykm

im- (Ch. im-),

talin),

become

(Ch. inetvi'rkin), light of foot 68.9

light of foot

to

im-la'wtila 8 n (Ch. im-le'wtilm, im-la'w-

i'na 8 , i'n'a (Ch. i'ne),

quick, soon, early

bald-headed 82.13

imti

39.2; 72.19 roast inay,

i'nay

A (Ch. imti'rkm), to carry 17.5 emtei'pikm A (Ch. emtei'pirkm), to

imti'ykin

K,

i'ney

(Ch.

i'ner),

roast 92. 5

inacixcat
inacixca'tikm,
inacaxca'tikin
to

take

it

on the back 17.4

strap for carrying something

(Ch.

imti'lnin,

66.8

arrange a thanksinetci'rkm), giving ceremonial, to "send away"

the spirits of killed

imca, ermine emcacoka'lnin

game by

this

(Ch.

emcacoka'lhm),
Ca'nala s n),

ceremonial 45.7572.1
i'n'ac (adv.),

ermine
8 Imcana'mti}a n

enough 16.3

(abbrev.
62.1; 63. 3

iml.
it,

Ermine-Man See miml

to

i'nalka (immut.), many, numerous 44.2 i'nan (Ch. i'ne), sledge-load 50.2

inalvat

be be (auxiliary) 21.2
inchoative 16.1
to take

inalva'tikm

M,

to feed the fire (with

iti'ykin (Ch. i'rkin), to

sacrifice) 57.11

ennivo'ykm,
itca

iniyi
ini'yi,

sleeping-tent

72.21

(cf.

Ch.

itca'ykm

A (Ch. i'tkerkin),

away

by
ithilh,

force, to

rob of something 26.10

coverlet, counterpane) coverlet 64.13 ann-ene'ye,

ini'rgi,

whale-skin

inini

ithi'lhm (Ch. iti'lhm), whale-skin ithilhu'ykm M, to eat whale-skin 46.9

isv, icv,

inini'ykm
inu

(Ch.
(cf.

inini'ykm),

to ap-

pear 55.9
i'nuin, i'nun,
(cf.

iwini'ykm)

sharp
ni'cvaqin

ni'svaqin,

(Ch.

ni'rwuqin),

travelling-provisions 86.4
to

sharp, pointed isvila'tikm M, to be pricked

by some-

Ch. i'nuun, sirloin) tinu'nikm (== t-inu-n-ikm) M, A,

thing sharp 26.4

make

provision 13.4

inya'wut,
28.1

then, in that time 16.5; 100.7

truly,

i'lnm,
ilh

hairless

thong 50.3
white 92.12

i'nmi-qu'num,

indeed,

consent

ni'lhaqin (Ch. ni'lhaqin),

in truth 51.8 i'nmiq, i'nnik Qar., again 96.25

innat K, innet
inna'tikin

P
infie'etttkm P, inne'tkm
fall

e'enac (Ch. e'nmen), one time 58.4 he said (somewhat like English e'wan,

K,

"says he") 12.3; 68.1

i'wikin, to say)

70.3 (see also

Qar. (M), to 101.12; 102.4

iklafi
i'kla,

down

66.9; 100.4;

ewgupat
72.4
(I will)

small

wooden charm

ewgupa'tekin M, to pretend, to force one's self on 88.16

e'wlan,

igu't

Qar. (particle of negation), not 97.1

everywhere 76.12
A,
to

epetcayta
epetcayta'tekrn
squirt

y
i

(Ch. i 'nrkm), to pass over (the sea, the river, the abyss, the cliff) f 8 s i wolf 12.8 yig, e'gilnm (Ch. i 'm),

'yekm

upon

something 49.8 Eme'mqut. See Amamqut

-(y)t

(l)inn,
i

-li

nn
e

ete'km
i

'nmi s n (Ch.

'tm),

neck 57.3

(Ch. yiti'rkm), fetch 72. 23; 41. 5

to get, to

e 'nniqol, collar-string 84.5 e s/ nnicnm (Ch. e 8 'nnichm), necklace, small crucifix worn on the neck

eshipat,

news

eshipa'tekin

(Ch. ergipa'arkm),

to

bring news 76.11

ech, es'h,

gale^m'chalen,
crucifix band,
i

having a necklace, a one baptized

nose
point

bright echa'tekin M, it grows bright,

it

dawns

n
i i

'nin (Ch.

'nin),
e

19.4 (cf. Ch. Ergiro'rkin) it es'hila'tekm M, grows bright (see

qes'h)

'nittam (Ch.

nitim),

inui'fim,

big nose 72.12

ininpi'km M, to peck, to touch with the nose 72.10

See yina such a one 33.1 ini'nnin, ini'nnimk (adv.}, therefore 14.3
-fiia.

echathe'nin, morning echa'thicnin, dawn 82.1 (see qes'h) es'hipye'ykm, it shines fully 59.7 e'chivan Les., e'chivan Qar., this time

97.13
-eche'ti

(cf.

a'chi-van

K)

inei', ilu,

well,

now!

20.6

(from ich place?), vaam-eche'ti, river upstream 44.1

iu

ilu'ykin to stir icu'ca s n, ilutcu

es'he'lvin (probably ES'he'lvm,

(Ch. ilule'erkm),

to

move,

= ach,
26.1

they),

from ES'h between themselves

living thing 76.19

enaaye

enaaye'ykm

M M

(Ch. inenre'erkin),

to

ilutcu 'ykm

beat the
ilu s p

M, (Ch. ilutku'rkm), drum 59.2

to

hold 49.4 (see yinn-i'ykm)

enayey enaye'yekm

(Ch. enare'rirkm),

to

ilu c 'p,
8

shaman's stick
diminutive 27.7

iju 'pihn,

seek, to look for 49.9 (cf. also Ch. qari'rirkm, to look for)

u8
enat,

snare 36.5
to catch in

enoga'tekin A,

a snare 36. i
to

wanla'ykm
-wyi

(Ch.

wanla'rkm),

to

gnomat

ask for 74.16

(Ch. enoma'arkm), the load on the sledge 50.2

enoma'ykm
tie

wi'yiwi (Ch. viye'irgm),

-wi,

breath 33.8

enm
e'n'meem,
cliff

particle 58.7

e'nmeen

(Ch.

e'nmeem),

within,

crack 74.6
willow-bark
to

13.6; 64.23

wic
wi'cwic,

e'gitnin,

e 8 'n

a far-off distance 76.2 (Ch. e'ur), indeed, and indeed 20.8;

40-5
oh, there! oh, well!

wicna'likm M,
72.8 wutin-

fetch

willow-bark

e s 'n,

wu'ssm,

wu'tcin

(Ch. wo'tqan),

this

exune'ce P, aquna'ca (Ch. a'mqunaca), all the time 92.19

enyei'na (adv.],
e'nval,

one 22.1
wutin-nu'tak (Ch.
this

wu'tin-nu'tek),

in

close to 15.11
i

country
belonging

nostril 84.6 (cf.

'nin,

nose)

wutc
wutca'kin (Ch. wutke'kin),
to this place 49.6

e'rgin Pal.,

sand-spit
to

ergine'tkm,
spit 90.1

walk along the sand-

wu'tcuk (Ch. wu'tku),

here 49.6

eleki'mkin P.
elv,
ilv

See a 8 laki'mkim, under a 8 }

wild rein-

wti 8 'tcu

(Ch.

wu 8 'tku),

then only,

now

elhu'lu, ilhu'lu (Ch. ilvilu'),

only 35.4 wu'ssin (Ch. wu'rre),

wus'q,

on one's back 30.3

1

deer, caribou

dark
),

alvu'ykm, ilvu'ykm (Ch. ilvu'rkm), kill wild reindeer 68.1,14

elhi-taw

to

wu's'quwus, vu's'quvus (Ch. wus'quus darkness 57.6

elhita'wekm K,
to

P (A)

(Ch. ilhite'urkm),
to

wus-qu'mciku (Ch. wus'qti'mciku), the dark (see vu's'quus)

clatter wus'his'h, wus*his*ha'tikin

in

wash

(literally,

make

white),

92.12 (see ni'lhaqin)

M (Ch. wurgirge'erkm)'

to clatter 100.6

a8!
ae 'lal (Ch. a e 'Lel),
wi'yen.

vugv,

stone

snow

15.8

wu'gwm, vu'gvin (Ch. wu'kwun), stone

25.8 Stone-Face 66.1 GIWILC', wulpa, shovel

See vi'yan wayo', yawo' (Ch. yago'),

wapis-qa,

halloo! 33.8

slime slime 25.7 (see vapis--

wulpa (Ch.
wu'lpapel,
wtilk

wi'lpi),

shovel

wapiVqa'lftm,
qa'jnin)

small shovel 14.9

coal 31.9

was'v

wti'lkuul (Ch. wu'lkuul),

wa's'vikm M,
waftilat

to look in 54.7

wott
to

wanila'tikm

(Ch. wefiile'erkin),

open the mouth 34.7

not long ago 68.12 that of not long ago 78.14 wo 8 'tvan (wo s t-van), this time 96.8
wo'tto,

wotta'kin,

uya'tik (Ch. e'ettik)

ulqa't,

cross-beam

yaqa'n-uya'tikiu,

driving- sledges 22.10

olqa-tile'ykin

M,

to

walk along the

uyi
to make fire (cf. Ch. uyi'ykm M, uwi'rkm, to cook; uwi'ntirkm, to

cross-beam 72.16

feed the

fire

nil-oye'ykm
74-3 uyidvat,

M,

with more wood) to make a smoky

openly 76.15 8 oya'mtrwila n (Ch. ora'weLan),

o'ya (Ch. o'ra),

man
in

fire

oya'myan,

man

(used

only

42.6 the

play

speech of evil spirits when speaking of human prey) 42.5

uyicva'tikin

(Ch. uucVe'erkin),

to

ip

play 32.7
uyi'cvina (Ch. uu'tvine), uiv
uivu'ui,

oi'pekin (Ch. oi'purkin),

to prick one's

plaything, toy

self 24.10

P
o'pitkin, o'pitcin, sharp end, point 7 2. 13
o'pta,
also, likewise
it

wooden

fence, raised platform

ui'vin (Ch. gui'gun),

blockhouse,

vil-

21.9555.1

lage of blockhouses (Russian) tuive'iiikm (t-uive-n-ikin), to construct

ui'fia

o'pta P,

is

finished, the

end 94.5

otna
to skip 47.10 indeed 59.9 ora'wucak Qar., ora'wac Les.,

a fence, a platform 56.2 not 13.9 (Ch, ui'na),

body, self 56.10 belonging to the body, own
uwi'k (Ch. cini'tkin
uwi'k),

otna'ykin,

o 8 'nnen,

uwi'k (Ch. uwi'k),

uwi'kin,
57- 2

after that,

then 96.18 forked twig, fork olfiaq,

to strangle one's self olfiaqa'tekm, a forked twig 35.2

cini'nkin

on

one's

U'wen
upti

P,

own body, one's self proper name (female)

M,
to

92.7
pito," pittu

upti'ykin

chop

off 63.11 (cf.

Ch. upti'rkm, to cut trees)

pittuna'wikm M, to grow rich 80.7 he is rich 22.10 nipito'nqin,

pitk
pi'tkikin
piciq,
pici'q

umaka
oma'ka (Ch. omaka), together 23.1 umaka'tikm to (Ch. umeke'erkin),

M,

to fall

down

84.10

little

bird

gather together
utt
u'ttiut,
4

u'ttuut

(Ch.

u'ttuut),

wood,

little bird (Ch. pice'qAlhm), various species) (of e Little-Bird-Man 12.1 Pici'qala n,

stick 64.18

pice' (adv.],

for a while

14.11

u'nmi (Ch. u'nmuk),

u'kkam

quite, very 74.10 (Ch. u'kkam), vessel 17.3

pis'vic

pis'vicVtikm
pis-q

M,
to

to shout loudly 39.5

uqugwai
nuqugwai'qin,
unskilful 59.6

pis'qi'km
to
lie

M,
flat

hide, to
(cf.

fall

down,

ulwu

80. 1 8

Ch. pi'rkirkm,

ulwu'ykm
to bury

(Ch.

ulu'rkm),

to dig,

to fall

down from

fatigue)

pikak

ulgu'vin, ulhi'wun, cache,

underground

storeroom 36. 3; 80.10

pika'wekm, nom. past gapkau'len M, A, to be unable 17.4 57 7.11

I2O
pana'wgiykm
pilvi'nti (Ch. pilvi'nti), iron,

(Ch. panewnito'rkin),

metal 21.8

to get the fatigue out, to take rest 5 3.1

P
pa'ykin
patta
payitt
payi'ttit,
8
'!,

Plvg
palavgun K, pala'wkun P, flat stones by -the hearth (Ch. pala'kwun, stones used for surrounding the dead body exposed in
the open)

to dry (Ch. pa'rkm), dried meat 70.21

berries

of Rubus Arcticus
berries of Rubus

41.6

(cf.

Ch.

n'ttit,

chamonuzrus)
payitto'ykm, to eat berries of Arcticus 41.9

Rubus

palausqa'wikin K, flat stone 92.5

pajto

(M),

to roast

on

(from Russian broadcloth 44.3

na/ibro),

jacket of

extra pai'oc (Ch. pa'rol), s pai'oc i'tala n (Ch. pa'rol va'lm), being
extra,

palqat

palqa'tikm
pa'La,

(Ch.

pelqae'rkm),

to

exceeding
surplus,

grow old 76.12

remainder 28.7
perhaps 60.5

paio'cipit,

paivak
pai'vaku lini'ykm
kin),

A (Ch. pai'vake lini'renvy

piwya K, piwte Qar., pivive Les. piwya'ykm (M), piwte'titkin Qar.,

to feel aversion, to feel

pivive'tkm Les.,

to

spurt with, to

Nipaiva'thitnm
92.4

K, Nipaivati'cnm P,

squirt 95.3; 96.18; 97.5

pi'pip,

Envious-One (mythical being) 33.5;

Nipaiva'tmak, subjective form, the suffix of absolute form being dropped 32.9

comb

78.9
to

pipi'tcuykm M, 86.16
pipik

comb

one's hair

paivaka'tekm M, to feel lonely 14.24 Ch. paivaqa'arkin), to feel (cf.

pani'ta (adv.],

pipi'kilnm
23-3

(Ch. pipE'kiLhm),

mouse

aversion, envy) of future time 78.17

pinku

pinku'ykm

(Ch.

pinku'rkm),

to

pa'nin

K, pe'nin P (Ch.

pe'nin),

former
pilh,

jump

*S-S'> 52.6; 92.7

84.8 throat
throat

pani'tcin, pani'tkin,

former 86.4

pi'lhm (Ch. pi'lhm),

pa'nqa,

cap

panqai'pekin M, to put on the cap 76.22 (cf. Ch. panqai'pirkin, to get married by the Russian priest [because the wedded pair have to put

food, pi chipic (Ch. pi'chipic), to starve 68.14 pi'lhikin M,

hunger

Pt7 -peye'ykm
pear, to

(Ch. -pera'rkm),

to ap-

show 82.20
to feel

on a gilded crown])
pa'qu] (Ch. pequl),

peik

woman's knife 78.23

peiki'ykm M,

smothered 38.5
throw
into,

pa

pa 'ykm M,
pafta

to be thirsty 16.10

pewiwa pewiwa'tekm M,
splash into 41.6

to

to

pana'tikmM(Ch. pene'erkm), to get tired tapana'nikm A, to make tired, to be heavy 51.8

peny pe'nyekm

K.

pe'nnrkm),

(A), penci'ykm to attack 92.11

(Ch.

121
pela
vi'thiy,

pela'ykm

(Ch. pela'rkin),

to leave

vi'thin (Ch. wu'tir), intermediate, middle

interval,

20.9; 34.3

vithi'ykin (Ch. wuti'rkin), intermediate,

pelhino'lnm K, pelhino'lnin
hino'lhin),
pilh)

(Ch. pel-

middle 50.2
vinyat,

reindeer-maneQa.ii (see

help
to help

vinya'tikin (Ch. vinfe'erkin),

pug
pu'pgan (Ch. pu'gpug), blubber bag, 58.6
to

44-5

float,

-va.

See -tva
See vag
river 17.1

vay.
to boil,
vaicit

pupga'tekm M (Ch. pua'arkm),

bubble
66.13

vai'am (Ch. ve'em),

vaici'tikm
vaifie

yipga'wekin
to

(causative),

to cause

M,

to go,

on foot 12.3

come up

43.4

poxja P, poqla

K
K

poqla'ykm (Ch. pi'rhave diarrhoea 92.23 tent pola'tka (from Russian na/iaxKa),
poxla'tkm P,
qirkin),

vaine'ykm (Ch. vaine'rkm M), to be put out, to be extinguished 57.6

vapis'qa
vapis'qa'lftm,

to

slime 26.4 (see wapis*-

19.7

qa'lnin)
to

peep, plep

pce'pekm M,
plepa'tekin A,
'

fit

in 34.8

vamya vamya'ykm M,
va'sqin,

to get with child 74.9

to apply 34.9

another 47.3

pl

vacap
nEpplu'qin,
it

is

small 15.2

plitcu

scar 86.1 vaca'pgiciim, va'can K, P, frequently 92.12

pli'tkuykm P, plitcu'ykm

(Ch.

pli'-

vacin'fii

tkurkm M),
50.1; 92. 5

to finish, to complete,

nivaci'n-fiiqin,

untidy 59.3
there

van
boot 13.5
to put

(particle),

plak
pla'kilnm (Ch. pla'kilhm),
pjai'tekm on boots

na'no-van,

those there 55.8

it

vant
vanti'ykm,
vantige'nin,

(Ch. pla'gtirkm),

dawns
18.1

dawn

pcaitiva'ykm (Ch. pcegtuwa'rkm), to take off boots

pca'ggitnm, boot-string 59.3 See peep plep.
viyi
vi'yiviy,

vann
va'nnilnm (Ch. va'nnuwan),
vanninta'tekin
van-fii.

tooth

M,

to lose a tooth 32.8

See yivan-ni

vannat
willow 73.23
(Ch.
vi'En'),

vi'yan,

wi'yen

notwith-

to peel the skin off one's self (see yivan'ni, -nvan'fti) vakith

vannatekm M,

standing 42.8
viyiw

viyi'wikm
loose

va'kithm, magpie 45.4 Vakithi'mtila e n, Magpie-Man 72.9

to let

(Ch. viri'urkin),

vaqat,

stride

va'qatekin
to get loose 59.3

(Ch.

veqae'rkin),

to

yiviyi'wikm A,

stride over 47.11

122
vaqyiy
va'kyiy, va'qyiy,
stride

vmv
vi'na (Ch. vi'ni),

track 68.9

vaqyi'yikm M,
vag, vay

to stride 53.2

vin'v
vi'n-va

(Ch.

vi'n-va),

secretly

12.5;

va'gijnm
84.15
vai'rraku,

(Ch. va'gilhm),
big nail 84.15

nail,

hoof

41-5
vi e ya, vi 8

vi s 'yaykm,

vi 8 'ykin (Ch. vi s 'rkin),

to

va'gitcm (Ch. ve'gitkm), nail-point 57.1

to vegitku'rkm), scratch, to rip open with nails 84. 17 vae 'ai, va s i. See vi s 'yai

die 16.9

vagitcu'ykm

(Ch.

ve s yage'nm (Ch. ve'irgm),

2o. 9
vi 8 'yai,
;

death 18.1

4 7.2

vas 'ak

(=

va 8 'iuk}

vae 'yuk,
vaxgil

64.9 afterwards 13.5

vi 8 'yai,

va 8 'ai, va s i va8 'ai, va 8 i'lifiin (Ch. va 8 'glinm),

also

grass,
8

Grass- Woman

(propef

name) 53.9
vi]i 'yn
8 (Ch. vi'h ),

vaxgile'km A, to have something on in a bandoliere 78.8

vali
vali'val,

mucus, saliva 88.8

B-I/IKS),

vi'lka

(from Russian

fork 19.7

vetat
seal-oil

80.10

veta'tekin

M,

to bustle, to busy one's

vak

(Ch. va'lE),

knife 46.8

self 78.25

valaikila

veth

valaikila'ykm

(Ch.

velerkile'rkm),

veth- (Ch. veth-),

straight

to pursue 45.5

nive'thaqen
straight

(Ch.

nuwe'taqen),

it

is

v]el
vale'le,

anus 82.8
to please 48.5

ve'tha-qonom (ve'tha qon-im), just

56.10

now

valdnaw
valelna'wekin A,

vetho

valom
valo'mekin M,
valv
va'lla, va'lvuval, also ve'lla

vetho'ykm M,

to

go through 86.3
thimble 59.5

valo'mipkm), to hear, to know, to be aware of 39.7

(Ch.
(Ch. VC'LI),
12.1

ve'livel

(Ch. ve'luwel),

vel-ip-yi'lhilnm (Ch. vel-ep-rilhi'Linin),

forefinger (literally, thimble-putting-

Raven
Valvi'mtila s n,
Va'cvi-fta'wgut

on

finger)

Raven-Man
(Ch.
48.3

v ?!9
ve'loqal (velo-qal),

Ve'lou-naw),

Raven-Woman
vyil
vi'yilviyil,

of a shed,
first

etc.
is

corner of a bag, 74.22 (qal, -side; the

stem

unknown)

vi'yilviyil

(Ch.

vi'ilviil),

vtiyal (-wy%\)

shadow, image 32.3

M, to make shadow, throw shadow 48.3 vi'tvit, ringed seal 17.135244

tawyi'lftikm
vitkit
vitki'tikin,

to

vuyalya'ykm (Ch. viyala'arkm snowstorm begins 13.1

vus P, got
vus-q

M)

particle),

(Ch. not) (demonstrative here! 92.2

to

vetke'gicfiin,

annoy annoyance 20.9

vu's'quus.

See wu's'quwus 57.6

vugv,

stone

123
vujq
evening, volqige'nm, darkness, sunset 82.2 demonstrative particle vot (Ch. vai),
volqi'gicnin,

mama ma' ma
with

(probably from Russian

64.17 (the proper term endearing sense is a'mma,
cf.

mamma 26.6;
mamma;
woman's
ma'mi,

Enna8 'n-vot,
v-to.

and there 70.17

Ch.

a'mmE,

nurse,

See -yito

breast)

elevated storehouse 36.5

miyimk
miyi'rakin,
shred, tassel 30.9

mata

mata'ykm

(Ch. mata'rkm),

to take

mi'mil, mi'mic; stem ml (Ch. mti'mil),

for a wife 16.4

louse 55.1

mata'la 8 n (Ch. mata'lin),

to look for lice 59.4

father-in-law

milu'ykm M, mimtel

54-9
ma'ci,
is
it

not 49.7
19.6

mimtelhiya'tekin M, with light 44.3

to

be resplendent

ma'cci,

and now

mana
ma'na (Ch. ma'na),
am-ma'na,
asunder
to different directions 25.2
cloth, calico

mitqa
mi'tqamit(Ch. mi'tqamit), blubber 70.17 edible seaweed 64.23 mi'cfiol,

maniy
mani'y- (Ch. me'nig),
mani'y-i'can,
shirt 44.4; 70.21

rnmg mmgi'lnm migimg

migi'mgm,

(Ch. mingi'Limn), hand

talk

57.3

ma'nnu K, me'nnu P (Ch. me'nki), where

(cf.

Ch. mu'umgin,

92.2

chattering; gibbering of supernatural of ventriloquistic mostly spirits,

mak
ma'ka (Ch. ma'ki),
ma'kil,

diaper

character)

diaper-string 23.5
!;

migimga'tikm A,
also

to talk to 66.2 (cf.

makla
makla'la n (Ch.

yimgumg)

magla'lm),

traveller

mila,

mla

(from afar)

mt}a'wekin

M,

to
(cf.

dance 37.2 be nimble)

dance the ritual Ch. mla'arkm, to

maqmi
ma'qim (Ch. maqim), arrow 33.1 manin- (Ch. me'flin-), which, what (used
only in compounds) 34.2,5
mani'irac,
to

mai, amei' (Ch. mei),

friend! 18.4563.6

O friend!

Halloo,

what degree 66.1

mai
mai'mai (Ch. ma'gni),
load
left in

mane'nko,
the
male'ta,

whence 33.7

quietly, noiselessly 54.7

open
mai'ekin
in the

mai

(Ch. mai'irkin),

to leave

nima'lqin (Ch. nime'lqin),

open
left in

mala'tikm (Ch. mele'erkin),

better (the weather) 13.1

good it grows

mai'ken, belonging to the load the open 59.7

malitva'tikm
better 13.2

M,
K,

to

make the weather

mel-ne'wis'qat

main
main- (Ch.
big
9
meifi-),

big
it

mal-fia'wisqat
is

P
girl

nima'yinqin (Ch. mmei'inqin),

(Ch.
92.6

mel-ne'us'qat),

good

i.4

PUBL. AMER. ETHN. SOC. VOL. V.

mal adv. (Ch. mel).

it

seems probable
all right;

maj-ki't (Ch. met-ki'it),

with

meye meye'mey (Ch. me'remer),

tear

great difficulty; hardly 15.6; 74.6

ma}-ki'cil, mal-ki'til,
all

right 66.3

meyeyitva'ykm (Ch. mere'tvurkin), to brush away tears 36.10

miml, iml
mi'mil (Ch. mi'mil),

mesqav
water 48.3
me'ce,

Pal.,

vegetable food 90.21

gi'mlilin (Ch. i'mliLin), having water '-mi'mil (Ch. a s 'q-i'mil, aqa-mi'mil), aqa

whether 32.6 me'nnu. See ma'nnu

brandy

(literally,

bad water)
the

muu, mgu muu-, mgu- (Ch. muu),

mgu'ta tila'ykin
to

Mid
Miti'

belonging to a caravan of pack-sledges 21.2

(Ch. Miti'),

name

of Big-

Raven's wife 12.4 mitiw to-morrow 21.8; 78.24 miti'vv, mink, minq where mi'nki, mi'nqi (Ch. mi'fiki), menqanqa'ce, from what side 16.1
me'nqan, why! 16.8 minka'kin (Ch. minke'kin),
to

move on
s 't

(Ch. muu-tile'rkm), with pack-sledges

mgo'-qoy (Ch. mo'o-qoi), pack-reindeer

mgo-ya
road

(Ch. mo'o-ret),

pack-sledge
line of pack-

muu-yil (Ch. mu'u-ril),

sledges 78.5

much
belonging
mu'yi dual (Ch. mu'ri
//.),

we
subject 22.8

what country 66. minka'kila s n (Ch. minke'kilm), belonging to what country (person),
belonging to any country, belonging
to

mochma'n (Ch. morgma'n), muchin (Ch. mu'rgin), our

muqa
mu'qamuq, rain muqaiu'ykm M, the rain comes muqa'tiykm M, it rains
mu'qun.
See mi'qun
16.5

anywhere 40.7
(irreg.)

mikina

ma'ki (Ch. me'nin), who 12.8; 17.6 mi'kinak, by whom 12.7

muL
mu'Limul (Ch. mu'Limul), blood muLita'wikm K, muLite'witkin P (A), to force blood (into the face) 92.13

mi'km (Ch.

mi'kin),

whose

mi'kna (abbreviated from mi'kina)7o.i9 mi'qun K, mu'qun P (adv.), namely,

that
is

to say,

why!

15.2

mgu.
mla.
tinalat

minin, mi'gin,
milya'q,

storehouse gable 47.11

See muu See mila

shell 23.8

mi]h
mi'lhin, fire (cf.

tinala8 'tekm

A,

to carry

out some-

Ch. mi'lhimil,

fire-drill)

milhe s 'ey (Ch. melha'tekin

thing 41.8

mi'lhir),

firelock

tmmat
to

(Ch. milhe'erkm),

tmma'tikm M,

to

tell

lies

62.3

(cf.

get fire me'lhi-ta'n-nitan (Ch. melhi-ta'n-nitan),

Russian(literally, fire-tools ta'n-nitan)
1

Ch. temyu'nirkm,

to tell lies) to stab,

tmp
ti'npekm
to

(Ch. ti'nptirkm),

milh-,
1

Russian 17.3

peck 47.11
the Jesup North Pacific Expedition,

Compare Bogoras, The Chukchee (Publications of

1

Vol. VII, p.

8).

125
tlL
ti'LitiL

(Ch.

ti'ttil),

door 100.6

tawatwat tawtawa'tekm M,
tami'nfii

tila (initial), -la

(medial)

to squeal (cf. Ch. tawtawa'arkin, to bark) 23.5

tila'ykm
til-

M, nom. past gaja'len, to come (cf. Ch. tile'rkin M, to move on)

to

(initial), -Li (medial)

nitami'nnaqin (Ch. nitemi'n-naqin), he is skilful, he is a handicraftsman

24.10 taminfta'tekm
to

tili'ykm
ta

M, nom. past gaulin, follow (the river, the road) 44.1

to flood something, something with water 62.8
to

(Ch. teminne'erkin),

work

skilfully

ta'ykm A,
tayintinqn

cover

tamkal
ta'mkal,

drying-pole, a set of drying-

poles 70.11
to deceive 55.8 to
tata
ta'ta

tayintinu'nikm A,
tayyan, tayan

tayya'nikm (Ch. tegge'nirkin), want, to desire 33.9

tayyen
tayye'flekm

(Ch.

a'te),

daddy 74.12

tata'thilan,
tatol
ta'tol Pal.,

step-father

yayol

(Ch. yai'col),

fox

(Ch. teggi'nirkin),

to

cough 84.20
tayilin
tayili'iiikin

90.15 tatka
ta'tkan, tatka'gitnin,
root, also

Root-

(Ch. teili'nirkm),

to grope

Man

in the dark
qai-ta'yicina,
qai-ca'yicifia,

Ch. tatqa'lhm, point of divergence of root and trunk of

54.6
(cf.

groping

tree)

slowly
taitinicat

1 6.

10

tanaw
ta'naw
Pal.,

taitinica'tikm

(M), taitinisa'titkm P,
tanti

directly, straight

ya'naw (Ch. ra'naw), on 90.18

to boast 101.4,27

taik

tai'kikm

(Ch. tei'kirkm)

to

make,

to create 13.5

A (Ch. tenti'rkm), to trample canciVquykin), to step over) ta-n-tenmi'nekm A (Ch. ta-n-tenmi'nirtanti'ykm

(see

tainat
tai'nat

km),
(Ch. tei'net),
food, dried fish

to measure, to try

on 34.6
to

takyi

(chiefly

dog-salmon) 74.11

takyi'ykm
at 41.3

(Ch. te'grirkm),

throw

tawan tawa'nekm
move,
tawal
ta'wal,

to

M, A (Ch. ta'rkm), move on 19.9 553.1

to

takyat

dried salmon
to look

to (Ch. tegre'erkin), get down, to descend taknonekin, to arrange the birth feast

takya'tikm

tawalnila

tawalnila'ykm M,

tawitkini'ykm (probably ta-witki-nibut the stem witki remained ykin,

back 51.8

63.11 (probably ta-kno-n-ekm, but the stem kno remains unknown)

taqin
ta'qin-,

genuine 23.6

unknown), to make havoc,

to spoil 34.1

to

harm,

tas y
ta 8 y (Ch. ter),

how much

126
tay -a'mu,
c

how much
86.3

do not know

titkat

(= several)
tal
ta 6 h'ykm

titka'tikm,
kin),
te 8 'hrkm),

titka'ykm

(Ch. titqae'r-

to swallow 84.1

(Ch.

to

be

tinu

unwell; to be suffering 34.10; 84. 2

tafi

ti'nuun

Qar.,

rear

storeroom

96.23

(see ymu'yi)

tafl-

(Ch. ten-),

good 20.7
he
is

li

nita'nqin (Ch. nite'nqin),

tania'tiykm
feel

good
to

tege'lnin (Ch. te'gilhm),

ti'git

snowshoe

(Ch. tenicVerkin),

dual (Ch.

tilt //.)

good
(tafi-yas'qa'ftikm) to put to tendilqa'nirkm),

tigi'lnm,

snowshoe-string 47.6

tann-asqa'nikm
(Ch.

tigilnu'ykm 47-4
tilaiv, -Ijaiv

M,

to eat snowshoe-strings

sleep (well) 68.6

tanataw
clothing taftata'wikm M, to dress one's self 79.9
ta'nataw,

ttlai'vikin

M
A

(Ch. lei'vurkm),

to

walk

around, to travel 21.8

teula'ykm
tala'ykin (Ch. tala'rkm), to pound i5.7;9 6 -3
talai'vekin

to strike,

(Ch. tewla'rkm), to shake one's coat, to shake off the snow 64. 1 6

(Ch. talai'wurkin),

to

tenm tenma'wekm

(Ch. tenma'urkin),

to

strike 53.4

tala'wgun,

(iron)

hammer
stone
for

15.7

Ch. tala'wkun,
talqiw

flattening

to take measure tenme'cnin (Ch. te'nmicm), measure

prepare 18.3 ten me'kin A,

iron needles with

tgn ma v

talqi'wikm M, nom.
galqiwlin, 57.11 to enter 54.10
-taLi.

past gata'lqiwlin,

tenma'vitkm Pal. (A), to finish (cf. Ch. tenma'urkin M, to make ready,

to prepare) s tenma'vi!a n Pal.,

(Ch. res-qi'urkin),

finished,

the

end

See

-tli

90.23
tuy

tiyk
ti'ykitiy

(Ch.

ti'rkitin),

Sun

16.6

tuy- (Ch. tur-),

new
it is

tiyk-a'yim
(literally,
ti'ta
ti'ta,

(Ch.

tirk-e'rim),

emperor

nitui'qin (Ch. nitu'rkin),

new

64.13

sun chief)
(Ch.

tumk
tu'mgm
(Ch.

tu'mgm),

foreigner,

ti'tak

ti'te),

when

48.9;
after-

stranger

68.13
ti'tequn P, ti'taqun

K,

some time

tu'mkin, tomkai'ti (Ch. a fabulous tribe 20.9

46.1

tomtika'gti),

wards 92.8
tito-o'n,

tu'mgin(Ch. tumgin, tumgm), stranger's

a long time 57.5 (cf. Ch. kitu'r-go'on, quite a long time

after

tumg
tu'mgitum
(Ch.

ago)
titi

tu'mgitum),
tumgi'in),

friend,

mate
(Ch.
titi'fii),

titi'fia

needle

titi'a e n,

tumgme'nin (Ch.
to a friend

belonging

ruff (fish) 70.11

127
tuch
tu'yi

tkiw, tciw

(Ch.

tu'ri),

you

ki'wikin

you (subject) tu'chin (Ch. tu'rgin), your tochm-yaq (Ch. tergm-faq), your turn
tergina'n),

tochman (Ch.

(Ch. kiurkm), a night 21.7554.4

54-5

to stay for

nee'tciii (iiee-tcift),

two nights passed

80.14
tujat
tuja'tikin
steal

(-t)ku

qu'ykm, ku'ykm
(Ch.
tule'erkin),

(A),

to

qu'nrkm
spend, IO2.II
tiii,

Qar.

(Ch.

ku'rkm),

qu'titkin P, to

to

destroy

100.12; 101.18;

nitu'jaqin (Ch. mtu'laqin), to stealing 39.1

he

is

prone

tni

tomfi

tfli'ykin,

tni'km

(Ch. tni'rkm),

to

tomne'km M,
hole 74.4

to stop

up the smoketniv,

sew 61.3
tniw
Pal.

tomnalqi'wekm M,
57-7

increase of action

tni'vitkm

tni'urkm),

(A), tfti'wikm to send 90.22

to

(Ch,

tomne'nan,
37-9
toq,

stopper for the roof-hole

thipaw thipa'wikm M,
thil

grow excited 46.8

to

oh 16.5; 21.9
plate

torelka
tore'jka (from Russian xape/iKa),

gila'tikm

(Ch. gile'erkm),
it

be

warm
nithi'lqin (Ch. niti'lqin),
is

19.7 -tva (medial), -va (initial) va'-ykm (Ch. va'rkin), to be (auxiliary)

warm

inathila'wikm
to
thait

(Ch. inethile'urkin),
29.3
to

make warm

12.6,7

vage'nm,
vagi'tnin,

the being, the living (the

thaita'tkm Pal. (M),

-tli,

jump out 90.14

process of)

-taLi

Being,

God (cf.

Ch. va'irgm,

god,
-tvagal

life,

being)
to
sit

tli'tkm Pal. (M), nom. past gata'Lilen, to lie down 90.2 (cf. Ch. rilha'lirkm,

nom.
15.11
-ssa.

past ganga'Len,

to lie

down)

vaga'lekm M,
tvit

See -yya

tvi'tekm
43-5

(Ch. vetca'rkm),

to stand

citca
citca'lnin,

pelvis-joint

tve'tekin A,

to stretch 38.8

citc-a 8 'ttam,

coccyx

(literally,

pelvis-

tm

(initial),

nm

(medial)

joint bone) 49.6

to
kill

time'km

(Ch.

timi'rkm),

cichu

fr

12.9 c l
it

cichu'ykm A,

to

gnaw

34.2

cmk
cmku'ykm M,
hole
it

tike'ykm M, nom. past ga'tcelen (Ch.

tike'rkm),

to cover the side draught-

smells of
smells

a8 latce'ykm (Ch. a8latke"rkm),

of excrement 16.1

cmku'na,
74.6

(narrow) side draught-hole

128
cmkaitat
cinkaita'tekin
off 77.2

cichi

M,

to rebound, to jump

ci'chiil

(Ch.

ci'chi),

armpits 18.9
one's self

cinit
6ini't

qt, yjk
ciki'tnm,

(Ch.

cini't),

yike'nm
56.8

(Ch.

yiki'rgm),

gtimna'n

cini't

(Ch.

gumnan

cini't),

mouth
cil>

myself
cini'nkin (Ch. cini'tkin),

yU
tongue 56.4 to lick with tongue

own

54.9

ci'hyij, yi'yi} (Ch. yi'liil),

cintaw
cinta'wikin Les. (M),
to

cil-mmilu'ykm M,
5 6 -3

grow jealous

97.6 (see qanni'ykm)

cigai

cEp-fiito'ykm, cep-iiito'ykm, to peep out to look at) 53.5 (cf. lila'pikm,

cegai'hflm

(Ch.

cega'glinm),

small

cayi
cayi'na (Ch. ceru'ne),

pebbles 26.3

hook
small

caiuch

Cegai'-vai'am (Ch. Cigei'-ve em), Pebbly River, Milky Way 106.1

ai'uchm (Ch. tei'uchm),

38-4
cairn.

bag

cilila

cilila'tikm,

cilala'tikm
it

(Ch. pihle'-

See ceim
ce,

cawcuwa cawcu (Ch. cawcu),

45-7 J5
-

erkm), eh 47.6

bubbles 17.2

reindeer-breeder

ceim P,

cairn

cei'mik

ca'myeq,

indeed 24.2 (see cem-yaq)

P, cai'mik close by 100.9 near,

(Ch.

ci'mca),

caca'ykm
of 36.3

cemya'q (cem-yaq),
(Ch. caca'rkm),
to taste

really,
s

indeed

13.7;

56.1

cacame
caca'me, old woman 51.1 canalo' 8 (instead of canala 8 '), abbreviation
of imcana'mtila 8
C'analo' 8-fia'wis-qat,

ce'mec-e'en, cemece 'n (Ch. ce'met so it is, so it happens 46.4

cet

lii'),

'cet

K,

cet

(Ch. ret),

road

cecve

Ermine-Woman
tenti'rkm),
to

ce'cve,
in

openly 22.5

(cf.

Ch. ce'cver,
to

6 3-3

cancis-qu'ykm
step over,

A
to

(Ch.

trample

down

45.2;

84.23 (see tanti)

waking state [in contrast dreaming state]) cenpinm Cenpi'nmm, shoulders 57.3
cent.

Can

ai',

proper

name

(female) 88.4
sister

See

ynt

caket
ca'kiget,

cen'acet Pal., canetat

ca'ket

(Ch. ca'kiget),

cen'ace'tkm Pal. (M), caneta'tikm K(Ch.

2 ceftitte'erkm), to get frightened 90.1

18.10
canetat.

See ceft'acet

cerepro
erepro' (from Russian cepeGpo),
silver

cim, cima

cima-ykin

M (Ch. cime'erkin), to break,

cleft

22.10
celp
celpe'kin
to catch fish with a small

to get broken 14.3 cema'thitnm (Ch. cema'tirgm),

M,

14.10

round net 66.3

129
cu
cu'tkin
(A), yu'ykin (Ch. ru'rkin), to eat, to consume 92.24

niki

niki'ta (Ch. niki'ta),

in the night-time

16.7

cumkup
cu'mkup (Ch. ci'mquk), some part 96.3
coprg
copro'ykin

m'kli,

stone-pine nut 34.2

joint 42.7

niqu'p,
-natv.

See yatv
past gana'un (Ch. becomes something

M,

to taste well (this

word

nal

belongs to the supposed language of supernatural spirits) 80.12

cot

na'hkm M, nom.
ne'lirkm),
it

(auxiliary) 16.2

cot-ta'gm

(Ch.
(i.e.,

border"

the

"pillows' cot-ta'gm), sill at the entrance

pil-

nalp
na'Jputkin Pal. (M), nalh, nelh
na'jhin
to suck 90.13

of the sleeping-room formed by lows laid in a row)

Ch.

co'tcot.

pillow

cotci'lqan,

cross-pole parting sleeping-place from another (literally,

pillows' top) 84.8

one

K, ne'lhm P (Ch. ne'lhm), skin (however ne'lhi49.1) See -nyiw (medial}, -nn'iw (medial).

yiyiw (initial)
niyk, nika

cvi

ni'yka

cvi'ykm
-cvinaft.

(Ch. cuwi'rkm),

cvi 'pit (Ch. cuwi'pit),

to cut 47. 7 piece, half

K, ni'tke P (Ch. some one

ni'rkifiut),

See yivinan
hair

b(0
gi'chin (Ch. n'grig),
qe'-chila
e

thou nika'ykm (Ch. nike'rkm), doest something (auxiliary) 17.2 ne'm 8 ek Pal., also 90.20 (cf. Ch. ne'me,
again)
nelh.

n (Ch. qe'-rgilm), thick-haired

Hairless-One 24.8

See nalh
(initial), fivil (medial)

A'xgike,

nuwil

chicanaw
cigicana'wekm
Qar., cigicene'witkm Les. (M) (Ch. cikeye'urkm), to recover one's senses 42.10 596.9

nuwi'likm

(Ch. nuwi'lirkm), nom.

ga'nvilin,

past ganvi'iJn, 16.10

to

stop

-numkaw.
nuta

See

yumkaw

s'alviy

s'alviye'ykm
S'V

8 (Ch. a lviro'rkm),

to

nu'tanut (Ch. nu'tenut), country, land nutila'tikm M, to go into the (open)

pass a day 64.9

n(?g

country 54.1

K, nuu P
cooked meat
29-3

s've'km

(Ch. ru'urkm),

nom.

ga's'vilen (Ch. ga'rvilen), to cut into bands 38.7

past to split,

no'onai K, nui'unui P,

-np.

nipaiva'thitilm.

See paivak

mm
ni'mnim (Ch. ni'mnim), settlement s nimyi'ssa n (Ch. m'myirm), village 70.9
nime' (adv.],
too

See yp See yipiykala nv (medial). See yiv (initial) See yivan'fii -nvan'fti.
-npiykala.

-nviy.

See yiviy
See tm o See yitiwat

-nm.
ntiwat.

much

16.1

3o
See yithewat -ntigiwat. nci. See yici
-kic,

there

ya'qu-kic,
Kilu',
kij.

what of that! 49.9

-ncimaw.
-nci&it.

See yicimaw See yicicat

proper name (female) 43.8 See kil

-nnu.
-nqu.
-nli.

See

ymu

kilv

See yqu See yili

kilvi'ykin

(Ch. kilvi'rkin),

to notch

kijvi'gicfiin,

notch
(large)

ki'lvi-yipa'na,

grooved hammer

kiyaw
kiya'vvikm

43-2

M
12.6

(Ch.

kiye'urkin),

to

kijt

wake up
kiyulat
kiyula'tikin

kilti'ykm
ki'ltinit,

M,
tie,

to tie

M (Ch.
to live

kiule'erkm),

to be

waking,
kiyula'la n,
8

33.2539.4

band band kilci'cnm, head-band 17.13 la'wti-ki'lcicnm,

kilka
kilka'kil (Ch. kilka'kil),
shell-fish 70.2

mlhi-kyu'qin,

quite wakeful 39.9

living

one 78.7

kipl
ki'pul,

kumat
tobacco-mortar 50.6
ktima'tikm

M,

to be angry 24.9

(ykipl)

kaw
ka'wakaw, bed taka'wnekm M, to prepare the bed 28.3

ki'plekm A, nom. past ga'ykiplilen (Ch. to strike 62.4; 64.18 ki'plirkm),

kiplu, kiplu

kipju'ykm A,

to strike 43.5

kim
kirn-,

kawa'ssochm, heads 46.2 kawic

kawica'tikm

wallet rilled

with

fish-

hard he
is

(Ch. keuce'erkin),

to

niki'mqin,

hard 47.4
almost

be motionless in pleasant
lie

sleep, to

kmiak
kfma'k (Ch. kime'k),
kit, -kt

in dolce farniente

nikawi'caqin,

he

is

lazy

and sleepy

64.24
kit-)

kit-

(Ch.

adv. too

much

kama
kama'na, kama'ni (Ch. keme'fii),
64-3
dish

ga-kt-acachaLen, laughed quite loudly (cf. Ch. ga-gti qami'tvalen, he ate quite a good deal 19.2; 74.24)
to cry loudly, to shriek kit-nina'ykm, kit-mve'tikin A, to pull with violence 74.1; 100.12 (see yi'vikin, to push
off)

he

kamak
ka'mak (Ch. ka'mak),
spirit

(supernatural)

36.6

kama'w-na'ut,

kamak woman
to split in

82.7

ki'tta

h'gi

K,

kitve'-liga

P,

every

time again 92.11

kitaifia

kaggu'pekin A, kanat
kana't-ingi,

two 54.8
curved

kitta'n-.

kitaina'ykm M, to scold 17.8 See ki'tan

drag-net

(literally,

net)

(cf.

Ch. ke'ni-ku'pren, curved

fish

kitca
ki'tcan, ki'svac,

net)
slime, saliva 84.9

kana'tekm (Ch. keni'rkm), to

drag-nets 44.5

with

cross-pole 68.5

karma'n (from Russian K.apMam>), pocket

78.9
kali

kuka'kin, belonging to the kettle 78.1 kukai'viktn (M, A), kukei'vikm Qar.,

to

cook 51.1; 96.21

(Ch.
for

kali'ykm

M, (Ch. keli'rkm), carve, to adorn, to write

paper

to

kokai'-poi'gm
tripod

hanging

kekai'-poi'gtn), up the kettle

kali'ka] (Ch. keli'kel),

carving, letter,

(literally, kettle-spear)

kur
keli'-),

kali'-

(Ch.

spotted, adorned 20.2

ku'ritkm Pal.,
kulipci
kulipci'naii,

interrogative verb

Ka'li-na'ut

(proper name),
32.5

Painted-

Woman,
ki'wan,

plug for the vent-hole 38.1

truly 26.9

kul
kula'tikin,

See kiplu kiplu. kimi'ta K, kimite

kuja'ykm

M (Ch. kuwlitku'r-

km),
ko'joii

to roll 42.3
i'tala s n

kimi'tan K, kimi'ten P, Qar., clothes ioo.ii ; 101.19; 102. ii (cf. Ch. ki'-

(Ch. kowlo'ku-wa'lm),

round
kulak
kula'k (from Russian Ky/iaKi.),
fist

mitm, load)
ki'tan,
kitta'fi

(Ch.

kita'),

now, then!

36.10

14.7; 33-8
kicic

koth
as P, ki'tkit Qar., 100.10 ; 101.18 102.9
;

kicic

K,

ki'tkis
;

kothai'pekm M, to spoil, to pilfer Kotha'no, male name used in tales

for

soon as 72.21
ki'kit

Fox-Man

46.8

(= ki'kic)

kc-row

kincat

koro'wa (from Russian

koro'walhin),

Kopoua)

(Ch.

kinca'tikm Qar. (M) (Ch. kine'erkin),

to
kil, kil

cow

78.7
to

grow jealous 96.19

(see qanfii'ykm)

(Ch. kilkil), navel 63.10 to cut the navel 63.3 kilis'vi'ykm,

ki'lkil, ki'lkil

to kolo'ykm A, gnawing 58.6

gnaw,

cut

by

kmin
kmi'fiin (Ch. kmifia'tikin

kilt
ki'ltikil,

bundle 27.8
dress (mostly

keykey, key
ke'ykey (Ch. ke'rker), female) 76.22 -kwa. See giv
-kt.

(Ch. kmifie'erkm), to bear, to be delivered of a child 43.8

kminm),

son child 56.8

See kjt
x/iu6i.),

kle'wa (from Russian

bread 16.2

kum' ku'm'ukum
kumfi

Pal.,

coat 90.19
to call out, to shout

qiyime

'en,

qt'yim-e'wun,

impossible,

kumna'tikm M,
39-2

not true 14.3 (cf. Ch. qare'men, it is not the matter; see also qaye'm)

qim
voice 72.24
kettle
kettleful

ku'mnikum, kuka

niqi'mqin,
qjsv.

it is

hard 59.7 (see niki'mqin)

See qas-v

kuka'na (Ch. kuke'ni),

qayicu
qayicu'ykin
(see qai)

kuka'-yiciu (Ch. kuke'-yirm),

A,

to

chop small 53.6

132
qaya'n
sledge (literally, reindeer-house; see qo'yana, (Ch.
qa'aran),

covered

yikangawekm
burn
qanni
(cf.

(causative),

to

make

Ch. qenye'urkm M, to flame

reindeer) 52.1

up) 57-4

qayem (qayo'm exclamatory form) qaye'm K, qate'mmi Les. (Ch. qare'm)

(particle

qanniykm

of negation),

will

not

K (M) (Ch. kine'erkm), grow jealous 96.1

to

to

96.14; 97. 19
qai
qai- (Ch. qai-),

qql a
qaqla'ykm,
small 17.1
qage',

be choking 74.28

here! 84.22

qaiu'iu (Ch. qaiu', qaiu'u),

qai'gut,

fawn, calf

qalalv

indeed 84.19
all

qala'lvm(Ch, qale'lvin), intestines 78.23

qaleip
it

qai'lim,

right 66.4

qa'iftu'n Pal. (Ch. qa'iflun),

seems 90.4

qa'wun,

although 78.17

qalei'pekm M, nom. past gaqalei'pilin, to fall in love 44.4

qaltenft

qapay
qa'pay(Ch.qe'per), wolverene 12.8: 58.7

qapte
qa'pten (Ch. qe'ptin),

qalte'nnm, stopper (in the roof or in the wall of the ante-chamber) 14.8
qalne'-key (Ch. qalhe-qer),

back 18.8
combination-suit (literally, fastened-together

qamatca
qamatca'n,

Adam's
qata'p),

apple, throat 57.4

qatap
qata'p
still

dress) 76.5

(Ch.

winter

fish, fish

qalhaia

standing in great numbers in deep

places 61.7

''

qalhaia'ykm M,
-qi,

to cry 20.8

particle 23.7

qatv

qit

qa'tvikm

(Ch. qe'tvtirkin),

to stab,

qiti'ykm
14.2

(Ch. qi'tirkm),
(Ch.

to freeze

to pierce 18.10

niqa'tvuqin (Ch. niqe'twuqin), strong, successful 88.21

it

is

qi'ti-nuta'lqan

qi'ti-nute'sqan),

frozen ground
qe'e (Ch. qeqe'),

qatmaw
qatma'wekin M,
to feel cold 38.1

interjection of

wonder

(used
q?s-h

by women)

82.14

qacm
qaci'n (adv.),

and meantime
really,

14.2

qeVhiqes (Ch.
qes'ha'vekm
(cf.

qacik
qa'cik (adv.},

qe'rgiqer),

light
it

(Ch. qerga'arkin),

indeed 18.7
as

makes
qfin),

light

Ch. qaci-qun-u'm,
qas-v, qjsv

you

like

it)

niqe's'hiqen,
it

ne's'hiqen
is

(Ch.

niqe'ra-

bright (see ech, es'h)

qa's-wuqas,

qi'svoqis

(Ch.

qi'rgoqir),

quyqiy Quyqi'niraqu (Ch. Ku'rkil, Ku'urkil),

Big- Raven 12.1,2.
qut, quli
qo'lja, qoi.a'

stone-pine 21.7

qanya
qa'nyan,
palate 19.2

qanga
qa'ngaqan,
fire,

(Ch. qol)^

other, another

flame 30.8
to

qu'tti

dual (Ch.

qu'tti pi.),

12.7532.8

qanga'tikm M,

burn

plural quttu, qutcan

-qun (Ch. -qun),

-qun-im-ELo'n)

particle 14.8

qlik (Ch. qlik),

(cf.

male,

qu'nam (qun-am),
qun' qun* (Ch. qun'),

even 49.1

Ch.

qja'wu} (Ch. qla'ul),

man 72.3 man 17.4

one, single one

giyapca'ykm

(Ch.

qu'n-ac (Ch. qun'a'ca), one time, single

to sing, to whistle 17.1

wiyopca'rkm), ; 72.16
to

quli.

time 53.2 See qut

giya'hkin

(Ch. gre'lirkin),

vomit

quli

43-4

quli'qul(Ch. quliqul), voice, singing 48. 7 qulila'tikin (Ch. qulile'erkm), to

giyip, -yyip

giyi'pikm A,
yini'pikm,

to

keep back
(causative),
to

sing, to

make

noise, to shout 68.17

yini'pikm

qu'lin (Ch. quli'nikek),

afterwards 60.2

make one be kept back 41.9560.5

giynik
gi'ynik

qulu' Ch. qolo'),

something big 29.9

(qulu-imti'ykm)

qulumti'ykm

M,

to

K,

gi'rnik Qar. (Ch. ginni'k),

carry something big, striking, (a club), on one's shoulders 57".9;82.8

game
:

61.8

GIWILC' (proper name),

Stone-Face 66.2

qolowocu'mnm
nin),

(probably qolo-wocti'mbig club 29.7

thong-seal

giva'ikm

K (M),
K,

giva'tkm

(Ch. uwa'r-

qulta

km),
git,-

to catch at 36.65 100.125 101.19

qolta'lnm (Ch. qolta'lhm),

gm,

gi
gi

skin, sole leather, sole 50.3

I do not know 49.6 qo' (Ch. qo'), to this side 19.2 qo'yin,

gi'ssa,

gitca

(Ch.

git,

gir),

thou 18.7566.21
gini'n (Ch. gmi'n),

gi'niw (Ch. gi'niw),

thy, thine like thee 14.5

qoya'na (Ch. qora'ni), reindeer 22.4 qo'ya-nma'tekm (Ch. qa'a-nma'arkin),

to slaughter reindeer

gittat

gitta'tikm

(Ch. gitte'erkin),

to feel

hungry 35-5574-15
gitca

qo'ya-ya'mkm (Ch. qa'ra-ra'mkin), Tungus, Lamut tribe (literally, reindeer people) qoyala'tekm M,
qo'on,
to herd reindeer 74.20

gitca'lnm (Ch. gitka'lhm),

leg 53.3

gi'chm.
gicho'l

See ch(i)

caw! raven's cry) 48.2

altogether 13.1

gicho'l (Ch. girgo'l),

above 20.1580.5

qonp
qo'npu (Ch. qo'npu),
41.8
;

gin.

See

git

gmun
ginu'n, linu'n (Ch. ginu'n), half, middle

qonptina'wekm
qoqla

A (Ch. qonpuna'urkm),
to call, to shout

43-4

to end, to finish 96.12

gmo't-a

lo'

(Ch. am-gino't-a

lo'),

mid-

day
gmu'n-niki'ta

qoqla'tkm Qar. (M),

97.2

(Ch.

gimi'n-niki'ta),

midnight gintaw
to pierce hole 15.9

qoqlo'ykm A,
qoqlo'wicnin,

gmta'wekm M,
te'urkm,

to

run

(cf.

Ch. gm-

to flee) 36.6555.2

134
gink
gi'nku hni'ykm A, ginkica'tikin to bid welcome 64.16
gita

M,

gita'ykm
44.10

(Ch. gite'rkin),

to

see

gi'jhm (Ch. gi'lhm), skin gilhitca'n, carcass (literally, skin taken

off)

gep ge'pekm M, gek (Ch. gik,

got!
-gva.
orf!

to
gic),

go upstream 61.7 oh! 33.3

49.10
I

48.9 (see vus)

gum
gum, gu'mma (Ch. gum),
intransitive) 68.13

See giva
three

(subjective
niyo'x,
I

gtim-na'n

(Ch. gumna'n),
cini't

(subject

transitive) 12.3

niyo-s'ho'yu (absolute pi.) (Ch. fiiro'rgan they three [absolute]),

gtimna'n

(Ch.

gumna'n

cini't),

nipa
fiipa'ykm

myself
gum-ni'n (Ch. giimni'n),

(Ch. nipe'rkm),

to land

my, mine

gu'mlan (Ch. Iti'mnA),

again 15.1

kukanpa'ykm (kuka-npaykm) M, to take the meat out of the kettle 51.3

(cf.

gaimat

gaima'tekm M (Ch. [Anadyr] gaima'tirkin),

Ch. ere'mperkm [ere-mperkin

e'ret

cooked meat])

to desire 12. 2; 38.4

fiivo, -ftvo

gaimi

nivo'ykm
to

(Ch. no'orkin),

to begin

gaimiyo'oykm M,
(cf.

be joyful 23.2
to

33-7
flit

Ch. gaimica'urkm,

become

rich)

-niti'ykin

(Ch. -nitti'rkm),
to

to get

gamga
ga'mga- (Ch. ge'mge-), every, each 34.9 ga'mga-qlawul
every
(Ch.
ga'mga-qla'ul),

by hunting
ilva'-ftiti'ykm,

hunt wild reindeer

catch winter
fish

qata'p-niti'ykm,

to

man
ftita

61.7; 70.10

ga'ttE (Ch. ga'tti),

hatchet 56.3
outside

ftita'ykin

M (Ch.
M

fiita'rkin),

to

go and
to

gacnin,

na'cftm

fetch something

ga'cflm, flacftm (Ch. na'rgin),

notantaykin

(Ch. notanta'rkm),

33-2

na'cnmen (Ch. na'rgmen),

ga'nka,
there
8

world
ga'nqan,

40.10
a

(cf.

Ch.

go and fetch something from the open country, such as berries, roots, and such like 86.8
yaxnita'ykm

there, quite, afar)

8 (Ch. ra nita'rkm),

for

ganka'kila n,
40.8
?l!

man

belonging there
nitat

what do you come

flita'tikm

gala'ykm

M (Ch.
M,
is

nite'erkm),

to break

(Ch. gala'rkm),

to pass

off, to detach

by 66.1 2; 84.18
ga'lftil

imtilinta'tikin

the strap

the strap breaks off, snapped (in two) 66.8

to

(Ch. na'lhil),

in

both directions,

flito

in all directions 23.1

gi.

See

git

nito'-ykm out 12.5

(Ch. nito'rkm),

go

'35
ft
I

toj ft

ftalqiw
flank,

nito'lftm

(Ch. gito'lhin), of meat 66.9, 16

side

ftalqi'wekm
sit

down upon

(Ch. flelqi'urkin), to a sledge (mostly

ftmvo'q,
ftay
fta'yan,
iia'yey,

a number of 13.5

astride) 52.1
ftiyaq

fta'yan,

second time 64.5 two 74.11 again, the second time

fti'yaq

(Ch.

fti'raq),

niye'ca (Ch. flira'ca),

64.5,
1

ftiyeqi'wikm

M
!

two two times, twice

ftireqaurkm),

(Ch.

fteyas'hei'ti

K
P,

(allative),

necishei'ti

(allative)

niterge'ta

(subjective)

numeral verb ni'yuq, the deuce (combined with verbs)

55-8
ftinvit

Qar. (Ch. ftirErge'n [absolute]),

they

two 101.1, 25; 102.16 that one fta'yen, fia'nyen,

ftai

ni'nvit, nenve'thicnin,
ftilft

evil spirit 38.3

ftai'nai

(Ch. fie'gni),

mountain 42.2
female

ni'lftin
fte'kel,

(Ch.

fti'lhin),

thong 38.6 40.5

;

ftaw
-flaw-

neykil

woman, (Ch. -new-), (only in composition) I'npi-naw (Ch. i'npi-ftew), old

(Ch.
fte'ekik),

nekela'tekin, neykila'tekm (Ch. nirto feel shame, to feel kila'arkin),

fright 46.6; 82.6
fielv
fte'r-a

woman

tu'la-naw (Ch. tu'li-new),

female thief

naw-a'kak
(literally,

daughter
she-dog

(Ch. ne'lvul),

herd 21.8
that

female son) 12.3

ftuninftu'nin- (Ch. nu'nqin),

fto

ftaw-a e 'tta n (Ch. neu 8 'ttin), fia'wan (Ch. fte'wan), wife na'w-i-tqat (Ch. ne'us-qat),

one (apart

from the speaker) 34.7

21.4
to

woman

naw-i-nyu'ykm (Ch. fieund'u'rkm), woo, to ask for a wife (literally, thou herdest [the reindeer-herd] for a wife) 1 2. i
ya-fiawt-i-fta't-i-kin

nova'ykin
ftoift

M
K

(Ch.

fio'rkm),

to lack

something, to be suffering 33.7

ftoiftm

P,

(Ch.

ftoi'nin),

pelvis,

(Ch.

ranawtifia'arnvil.

buttocks,
-nvo.
!

tail

92.17

km),

thou makest him to have the

See nuwil

wife 13.3
ftaw-yija'lni-to'mgm te'mgin),
fiacftin.

See

ftivo

(Ch.

ftawge'lhi-

fti'lni}

female cousin 82.16

(Ch.

ni'lhil),

smoke

See

gacnm

ga'nlilen (Ch. ga'nlilen),

smoky
smoky,

nan
fta'nako (Ch. fie'n-ku), there 70.8 na'nakanqo, from there 42.3
fie'nako, there 19.10; 74.20(366 fta'nako) fta'nyen, that one 13.3; ftanyat, na'n-

flija'tekm (Ch. flila'arkm), to be to feel smoky 38.1

to make ftijoye'ykm (nil-oye'ykm) M, a smouldering fire with plenty of

smoke

74.3

yaqit (dual), nanyau, fta'nyeu (pi.)

nijftilqa'wikm to be full of
li

(Ch.

nilhila'arkin),

smoke 74.4

74.9,10

nanka'ken (Ch. En-ke'kin), longing here 70.22

that

be-

li'li

(Ch.

li'glig),

egg 74.10

136
lili

lain

je}e'lfiin
li)a

(Ch. lele'lhin),

mitten 22.2

lalolilm

(Ch.

lalo'lhin),

whiskers,

mustache 24.2
(Ch.
lela'lhm),
lUa't

lejalftm

(dual)

lo 8 , la 8
Io
8

(Ch.

lile't //.),

gaLa'lin,

eye with eyes 24.2

eyelash 32.10 (Ch. lile'purkm), to look

'ykm
e

s (Ch. lu 'rkin),

gala 'wlin,

gaca

s 'awlin

nom. past to find, to see

jela'shm (Ch. lela'rgm),

lela'pekin

Io 8 'lqa} (Ch. lu s 'lqal),

face 53.5

upon 13.8
yicica'tikin

(Ch. ricice'erkin),

to

lo s 'lon,

Io 8 'olon

(Ch. lolo'lhin),

(wo-

inspect 33.10
hits

man's) breast
lo s 'o-lpme't,

women's hearts fastened

to suck

luta'ykm M,
lipyui
jipyui',

to pass water 66.6

together 68.16

lo'wekm

hood

70.5

lo'lo

(Ch. lo'urkm), (Ch. lo'lo), penis 82.6

-Ipmit

jimfiena

-Ipinit,

jimnena'ykin

(Ch.

lumnena'rkm),
again 97. 12

pmi'tikm, pini'tikin
alpini'tca

(Ch. pini'irkin),

to follow 17.6

to tie (boot-strings)

ligi'mmen Les. (Ch. lu'mna),

(cf.

(Ch.

elpini'tka),

not

tied

gtimlan) still the less h'giqar, 49.1 li'gan (Ch. li'En), even as, as soon as 44.3
hfiat
-Ipirt

up (when speaking of boot-strings or any other lacings of such kind)

60. i

lifta'thisnm P, lina'thitnm

K,

parting

pirte'tkm

Pal.

(A),

to

wring

out

of the hair

90.19
ly

talnathisninekm M, to arrange the parting of the hair 92.19 See tila -]a.
]awt
la'ut

h'vitkin P, Ive'km
ga'lvilen

P, K,

(A), nom. past to vanquish, to be

superior to 92.20
(Ch.
le'ut),

jawti-ki'lcicnm,

head 17.13 head-band 17.13

Iqain

jawti'lftm (Ch. leuti'lhm), halter 72.1 jawtime'ykm M, to shake one's head 25.6

lawtmti'ykin (M), lewtmtitkin to wring the neck 46.8,26

jaqlaft
!a'q|aft

A (Ch. qaine'urkm), to shoot at 33.1 (0 l at ( tne whole stem is weak, but a is

qaina'wikm
<

P,

short
qati'kin

and

M (Ch. qati'rkm),

neutral)

to

go away

13-5

(Ch.

Ie 8 'le, Ia 8

laqlanyo'ykm
winter
la
8.
is
8

'lefl),

winter

Ch. qati'rkm,

thou goest away, thou

(Ch.
72.5

Ia 8 lenru'rkm),

departest 13.5

coming

See
See

jo

lini'ykm

(Ch. h'nirkin),

Jao.
laxt

JQ

ga'lnilin (Ch. ge'lhilin),

to

nom. past do some

action (auxiliary)
to

la'xtekm M, nom. past gajla'xtilin,

come back

88.

a'nku lini'ykm A,
lni

to refuse 64.16

li'

(see Jh) 88.21

J37
lh
li'gi-

-llaxtat.

See yilaxtat

(Ch.

li'i-),

known

(used only in
li'i

-Li.

See tili'ykm

compounds)
hgi
to
Ihi
Ihi-

yitci'ykm

(Ch.

linirkm),

riyat

have in mind 36.7

Hi-, Ihi-),

return payment 90.22 nya'-vil Pal., to thank 90.21 riya'titkm Pal. (M),
j

(Ch.

genuine, numerous,

rjkr

strong, quite

ri'knn Pal., yike'nm

|

(Ch. yiki'rgm),

ni-lhi-nimai'Enqin (Ch. ni-lhi-nimei'mqin),

mouth 90.12
riri
riri'fie

a quite big one

ne-lhe-pito'nqen,
-llaiv.

he

is

quite rich 22.10

Pal.,

white

whale 90.6

(see

See

tilaiv

yiyi'na)

Suffixes.

-i,

intransitive subject 5
sing, past;

2d and 3d per.
sing, exhortative

-(i)k,

-ki

(Ch.

-[i]k,

-ki,

-qi),

locative

-i

([i]g),

20.4,6. locative

2d per. See -i
See

and possessive
-(i)k,

18.9; 19.4,9; 21.7;

of nouns and verbal

(i)k

stems 74.10.
-ly-

25.2; 32. i, 2; 38.4; 80.10,13 -ka (Ch. -fi]k), supine (locative form of the verbal stem) 17.1, 2 ; 74.8

(Ch.

-irg-),

family of, a personified animal or inani-(i)mti-,

they (^d per. pi.); the the house of 19.9; 38.9

-(i)k

(Ch.

-gak),

intransitive

subject;

ist per. sing, past; exhortative,

con-

junctive
-in,

8.6

mate object 44.6 ; 46.7 Raven-Man 12.1 Valvi'mtila 8 n,

-(i)t,
-ti

indefinite

form of the adjective

(in

(Ch.

-[i]t, -ti,//.),

dual absolute

Ch. only in composition: ta'numva'lm, Kor. te'nin-va-lm, the better

one) 82.4
-a.
.-a,

form 17.1; 80.10 Mr> fv\n in\n !~i~ln Tirl a (^"' "W n *\E/ n 'v a / n i(^h ll ln> "L E J' P-iln^ L J"/ absolute form 15.4; 39.1 48.8
>

>

See ga
-ta

a
-e,

-(i)n,

personal noun
allative of personal

(Ch.

-a,

-ta),

instrumental

-(i)na(n) (Ch. -[i](na), nouns in -(i)n

12.5518.10; 20.7 539.7; 41.3

-a, -ta

-(i)nak (Ch. sessive

-(i)n

and posform of personal nouns in

[i]na),

subjective

(Ch. -a, -ta), of verb stem)

indefinite

modal (instrumental

21.3; nominalizing form (used chiefly as im-

12.7515.11; 16.4
subjective
;

perative) 32.1

-(i)na-k (Ch. -ina),

possessive

-aw (Ch.
-au,

-eu).

See

y(i)-

of personal nouns in
25.2
-(i)nu,

-(i)n

24.2,10;

-an

plural absolute form of personal nouns in -(i)n 33.3; 43.7. See -(i)n
plural of proper

See u plural absolute 12. 7; 28.5. K, -eu P, intransitive 3d per. pi. nominalizing form, also plural adjectival 30.1
;

44.2

94.1

-in-u, -in-u,

names

24.75

-ac,

adverb of time, place, manner 18.105

27-4,5;7-4, 14
-(i)nti

(Ch. -[i]nti//.), dual absolute form of personal nouns in -(i)n 12.1; 19.5

-an (Ch. -an) 36.8.

See -gan (Ch. -gan)

-an.

See

-in

138
-(a)k

(Ch. -[i]k), supine (possessive of verbal stem) 58.1

-inaft

(Ch.

-ineft),

37.95 38.1: action 30.7

-in-u, n.
-ik- (-yk-)

instrument, verbal noun,

means of
abstract

-yi'cin (Ch.

ymn),

full,

contents of 43.1

See -m-u
(Ch.
-i

-yu-

(Ch. -ru-), seasons, parts of time 13.1

increased action; also

;

-rk-),

present

all

persons

72.5
-i

(sing, dual) 57.9

-yon,

destined for (future passive parti(Cf.

gi (Ch.

git),

2d

per. sing,

nomi-

ciple).

Ch.

-yo,

general pasall

sive participle)
-yk-,
(-ik-) (Ch. -rk-), sons 12.1,2,6,8
.

nalizing form of verb, and conjugated form of noun 60.2582.8

-i-gtim (Ch. -i-um),
ist per. sing,

present,

per-

nomi-

-yk-i.

See

-i

nalizing form of verb, and conjugated form of noun 17.75 3 ' 1 47-55
?

-yk-e.

See

-e

60.5

-yn-(Ch.-yft-),

augmentative 72.12. (Rare)

-(E)n.

See

-(i)n

-t

(Ch.

-t),

exclamatory form of noun

transitive

-e,

intransitive,

28.9; 88.1
-f

(shortened
(shortened

i),

object,

ist

3d per. pi. (present -la (g)e, future -la yk-e, past -]a ii-e) 12.65 80. ii 5 82.1
1

per. sing., various tenses 84.14; 88.20

-t
-i

-e'pu

(Ch. -tpu, -cpu

-gtipti),

ablative,

and

-e),

intransitive
pi.,

only in Kor. II
-wi.

subject, 3d per. dual tenses 22.8; 100.6,12

various

See -wgi
vvi, Wi, plural after final vowel 22.45 25.4; 42. 7; 50.7; 66.18

-fvi-(Ch.-ivi-,-fwu-), increase of action 44. 7

-tti,

-wgi,

-eti

(Ch.

gti,

-eti,

-wti),

allative

20.1 535.6 536.3; 43.3

-i,

intransitive

subject,

3d

per.

dual

-u,

plural absolute

form

after final con-

(present -yk-i,

past 57.9; 82.1 7; 100.2

-(g)i,

future -n-i)

sonants 28.5
-u (Ch. -u),

44.2, 3

designed for (post-position,

-i,

intransitive subject;
sing, past;

2d and 3d per.
sing, exhortative
-u-

both

verbal

and nominal)

15.10;

2d per.

18.5; 26.2535.1:
ject
25.1.
-in
ist

also transitive ob-

20.2; 38.1; 101.6 (Ch. -u-), to eat something

30.2;

per.
-gi

sing.,

various

tenses

46.10

See

(Ch.

-in),

adjectival,

material,

and

-pil
_

K, P,

-pi Pal.

(Ch.

-pil),

diminutive

possessive

24.10; 25.3; 46.2; 53.3;

23.7, 8; 78.7
pilifl,

64.2578.1
-in-

(Ch.

-in-),

demonstrative and inter-

diminutive, mostly of sense 17.2522.7:74.8 endearing

pila'qu,

rogative pronouns,

compound form
-inau (-mau)

34-5.7
-in (-in), <foa/-inat (-mat),//,

See -wgi -mik (Ch. -mik),

-vvi, n.

(Ch.

-in, pi. -inet),

transitive object,

3d

per. (with the subject 3d per. sing.),

past,

ist per. dual pi. 5 intransitive subject; past exhortative; future conjunctive 5 transitive object;
all

present,

exhortative,

future,

tenses 26.7529.9564.16

conjunctive 18.8; 19.2; 46.4; 94.2

-ma K, P. See a'wun

ma, ga

ma

139
-mu'yi dual, -mu'yu pi. (Ch. -mu'ri //.), verbal suffix; 2d per. dual and plural;
intransitive
-s*qiw- (Ch. -s'qiu-), unity of action 64.25.

See -Jqiw-c,

past

and

subject, nominalizing present: transitive object,

-ca,

K.

See -ce

nominalizing past and present 29.6

-t

-c.iku

(Ch. -ciku), 16. 10

within (post-position)

Les. (abbreviation of-ta), instrumental

97-5
-tik

into 15.2 -cikoitiii (Ch. -ciko'wti), -ca 8 n (Ch. ce n, -em), adjectival, mostly
f;

(Ch.

-tik), 2d per. dual and plural; intransitive subject, transitive object

comparative 30.7
-ca s n,
-ce

verbal
-ea,

noun

76.2, 19
-ce),

13.2; 27.
-ta. -ta,

P;

-c,

See ga
-a

a
-ta,
-e,

iterative,
-a),

(Ch. adverbial

numeral
53.2;

iterative

(Ch.

instrumental
-en-,

92.19
27.7.

12. 5; 18.10; 20.7; 39.7; 41.3

-ta,
-ti.

See

-tcu-

-a (Ch. -ta,

-ii).

See

-a, -ta

-cucu, tcuteu.

great increase of action

-s
-

See
(Ch.

-(i)t

59-7

-tul

-tul),

piece

-tvat-

(Ch.

-tvet-),

part of 92.11 causative of "to

of,

-eh-,

28.7.

See

h-

acquire some quality" 13.2

-tvi-

-cii(m) (Ch. -eh[m]), emphatic definite form 15. 8 517. 2 -n

form or

(Ch.
13.2

-tvi-),

to acquire

some

quality

-tc(m)

(Ch. -tk[m]),

point of (absolute

(abbreviation of -gan), dual -nat, //. -nau (Ch. -n [abbreviation of -gin]),

transitive object,

form) 57.1
-tcin,

3d

per. past exhor-

numeral
(Ch.
-tki),

iterative 54.5.

See -ce

tative,
-n(i)- P.
-n(i)-.

-tea

transitive

subject;

2d

conjunctive 18.2 See y(i)-

per. dual and plural of various tenses

234,7,8
-tea (in negative stems

-nau.

ending

in / with

-nat.

See y(i)See -n See -n

the suffix -ka; change -tka to tea) 13.1 -tcu K, -tku-P, Les. (Ch. -tkii-), increased
action,

-nan (Ch. -nan), personal pronoun, subjective 17.5

long
ioi.li

duration

13.6; 96.1;

-nu (Ch. -nu),

vowel),
-nv-

designed for (after

verbal

final

97.18
-tcutcu.
-tk-

86.9, n

See cucu
all

P, Pal., present,
92.19.

persons 90.15;
-nki.

(Ch. -nv-), action 31.3

noun, abstract

-tku- P, Les.

See -ykSee -ten

-nko.

See -nki See -nqo

augmentative 12.2

-s

P,

intransitive

and
-ssa 8 n,

plural

subject, 3d per. dual 101.18. See -i v.

-n'aqu (Ch. -yn),

passive participle 96.6.

See

fi

-]a

-k,

-k (Ch. -k),
-s'h-

locative, subjective intransitive subject, ist per.

(Ch.

sing,

3d per. (personal pronoun) and pi.; possessive form of personal nouns 28.7
-rg-),

sing.,

past exhortative, conjunctive

16.8
-ki.

See

-(i)k

IO

PUBL. AMER. ETHN. SOC. VOL. V.

140
-kift,

allative

form of personal nouns

-gi'niw (Ch. -gi'niw),

a group

of,

num(cf.

and pronouns 29.2574.22 -kMa e n, -kMin. See a kl-lin

-kK-lin, -kf-lin,

ber of 70.10
-ginki,

-ka (Ch. -ka). -ka (Ch. -ki), supine 40.2.

-ki.

e See a kE-lin -W-la n. See a-ka (Ch. e-ka)

to the foot of 21.7 the foot of a tree) utti'gi[nj,

-gi'nki,

-gi'nka,

under 13.6
-gi'fiko,

(cf.

Ch.
the

-gi[n],

the

See

(-i)k

base or foot of something)

-gi'nko,

See

a-ki

from

bottom of

-kin (Ch. -kin), pertaining to (adjectival)

60.4; 66.11

70.22

76.17

53.3 (cf. ettige'ng&pQ, from the foot of the tree)

-(g)e.

See

-e

-qae.
-qa!,

See -qal

-qae (Ch. -qal, -qac, -qaca), the side of, close to

from what
side,

by

-gen(m),-gitn(m), -gicn(in) (Ch. -girg[m]), verbal noun, abstract 18.1; 20.9;

47.2
vi e yage'nm (Ch. ve'irgm),
-gene'ti,

mefiqafiqa'ce, fore 1 6. i

where-

death
40. 9; 41. 5

to the

bottom of

nanikaiiqalai'tift,
-qin.

to his side 100.8

-gum.
-ft.

See -i-gtim

See ni qin See ni qin -qinau. See ni

qin
all

See

t(a)

n
n-,

-qinat.

-ft-.

-qu,

nominalizing present,
18.10

persons

-fii.

See ya See -na

ya

n-

-g,

locative, subjective 19.3.

See -k

-nivo-. See -nvo-nm, dual -nmat, pi. -nmau (Ch. -rim, //. -nmet), transitive object, 3d per.

-gitn(in).

-gifi(m).

See -gen(in) See gen(m)

transitive

future 27.1 ; 39.10 -nmau, //. of -nin, q. v.

-gm, dual -ginat, //. -gi'nau (Ch. -gin,//.

-gmet),
all

-nmat, dual of -nin,

-na,
-ni

q. v.

object,

3d

per.
ist

(Ch.

-ni),

absolute form 22.4;

numbers, with the subject

28.6 543.2 564.3

-nat (Ch. -net).
-fl-i.

and 2d
sing,

per. past exhortative 74.1

See

y(i)-

-gan (Ch. -gan), transitive object, 3d per.

past exhortative,

See

-i

conjunctive

-nit

20.7
-gi

(Ch. -nit), duration, space of time, season 31.10

(Ch.

intransitive subject, 2d and 3d per. sing.; transitive object, ist per. sing.; various tenses 22.1; 27.3;
-gi),

ajanit (Ch. ele'nit),

-n-e.

summer season

See

-e

47.9 584.25 590.2 1

-gi

-nvo-, -nivo- (Ch. -nno-), inchoative (cf. nivo'ykm, to begin) 38.1539.3

-nki, -nki,

(Ch.

-gi,

-git),

intransitive subject,

adverbial demonstrative and

transitive

various
-(g)i.
-gi.

2d per. sing., object, tenses 16.7; 21.4; 84.24,27

gi

interrogative 25.6526.3 -nqo, -nko, ablative (cf. Ch. -nqo, only

-li

See See
P,
-i

-i

-gis

intransitive

subject,

transitive
-lin

in adverbs) 33.4, 75 53.3 Qar. See -}a-, -lin, -linau, 96.16, 18, 20

Kamen.
com-

object,

2d

per. sing., various tenses

-gi

(Ch.

-lin),

adjectival (only in

101.12.

See

pounds) 82.13

-la-

plural

of verb,

all

tenses
;

and

per-

-Ik-

Qar.,

present,

all

persons

95.16.

sons 12.6; 16.9; 22.5

-la

23.4

See -yk-Ikilr,

yk-e.
(g)e.

See
See See

-e
-e

3d

per.

plural,

present

and past

-la
-la
-jat-

(nominalizing) 96.16,18
-Ikal P.
-Iqi Pal.,

n-e.

-e

See Iqal

(Ch.

-let-),

duration,
18.1; 53.1
-la s n

increased action, long frequentative of action

e

4,

(Ch. -lin, -le n), adjectival 44.3, 10 ; 45,3; present participle 52.5; 57.9; used for, destined for 50.1

nominalizing past 90.1,10,11 -lq(an) (Ch. lq[an]), place abundant with mimli'lqan (Ch. mimli'lqan), place abundant with water, swampy ground
-lq(an) (Ch. -s-q[an]),

top of

-lin.

-linau.
-linat.

See ga lin See ga lin See ga

lin

the top of the 78.15 fla'nkalqan, -Iqal K, Ikal P (Ch. -Iqal), designed for
lo s 'lqal -(Ch. lu s 'lqal), face (designed for being seen) 53.5596.19

-Iqiw- 57.7.
Prefixes.
ina'n-,

See

-s*qi\v-

superlative

ina-

(Ch.
(thou,

ine-),

pronominal, transitive

a'wun
a

ma

K, e'wun
See ga
ka),

100.14. ka (Ch. e

ma ma

P, comitative

88.9

me) 33.1; 41. 5; transforms the transitive into

he,

you

--

intransitive 49.4

a
a

negative, verbal and nominal 13.1; 51. 7; 80.12 ki (Ch. e negative (used as a ki),

m(i)- (Ch. m[i]-), ist per. sing, exhortative 13.5 529.7 556.1

noun) 24.8
kE-lin, a
ki-lin,

mit- (Ch. mit-), ist per. dual past 16.95 21.4 missa- (Ch. mirre-), cf.
16.9; 40.8 (sa

pi.,

present,

ki-la n,

negative,

verbal

and nominal 70.24574.26;

mm-sa (Ch. mm-re)

ya, prefix of future)

76.21 a8 n- (Ch. a s n-), transitive subject, 3d per. dual pi. exhortative 38.4

mmt-

(Ch. mm-),

ist per.

dual

pi.

exhor-

tative future 22.5533.6

(Ch.
ft

t-),

ist per. sing.

12.3; 16.2

y(i)-

(Ch.

tive

(both medial}, transi18.2,8; 36.5: causative 15.7;

r[i]
)

t(a)

to make, to create, ft), (Ch. t[e] to construct (ta probably abbreviated

I3-3; 70- 2 3; 72.1, 10. n(i)

y(i)

(initial}

from taik TO MAKE)

gatui'venlinau

eu) (both medial}, (Ch. r[i] causative 13.3; 70.23; 72.1, 10. n(i)
(initial}
flat

aw

they (ga-t-uive-linau), constructed a raised platform 13.4;

5- 6 ;55-4
sa-

y(i)

(Ch. r[i] net) (both medial}, causative 13.3; 70.23; 72.1, 10. n(i)
(initial}

(=ya-),
qin,

prefix of future 16.9540.8

qinat, //. ni

ni

dual ni

qinau
verbal,

ya-

See
ft-

san-),

(Ch. ni
future 12.3; 13.3;

qin,//. ni

qinet), adjecti-

ya

(Ch. re

val quality 64.245 88.35

9-7

ya

30.2, 5; 33.1 538.5 560.5 ft(Ch. re ft-), optative 44.8; 64.15

3d

per. subject, nominalizing present

2 5-5; 66.35 74.12

142
ni

ni

qinat,

qin, q. v. qinau, //. of ni dual of ni qin, q. v.

transitive subject,
;

indefinite

form (used chiefly as imma), comitative 100.13

lin),

perative) 30.3; 3 r.8; 3 5.6

na- (Ch. ne-),

pi.,

3d

per.

-ma (Ch. ga
-lin

present, past, future 22.7

40.3, 5;

(Ch. ge

possession 24.2,3;
linau

64.17; 78.17
nina- (Ch. nine-),

50.2

nominating
;

present,

-lin,

dual ga
linet),

linat,

pi.

ga

transitive subject 46.10

60.6, 8, 9

(Ch. ge

nominalizing past,

qa-,

q(i)- (Ch. qa-, q-), per., all numbers 13. 2;

a,

exhortative, zd

3d per.; intransitive subject; transitive object; adjectival absolute form

13.2; 14.3; 15.1 ga- -linau, pi. of ga ea- -linat, dual of ga
lin,

21.10
a,

ga

ga

ta

(Ch.
7
:

ge

ge

ta),

q. v.

comitative 37.3,

nominalizing past,

lin, q. v.

ENGLISH-KORYAK STEMS.
above,
gieho'l

armpits,

cichi

actual, real,

ipa

arrow,

maqmi
aia'nac
kicic, li'gan

actually,

yep
apple,

Adam's
adorn,

qamatca
aqa

as long as, as soon as,

to,

kali

ask

for,

to,

wanla

afraid, to be,

asunder,

yanya,

mana

afraid, to feel (before

some supernatural

at least,

ayi'kvan

being),
after that,

yimgumg
ora'wucak
(?),

attack, to,

peny
paivak
to be,

aversion, tofeel,

s afterwards, yawal, va 'yuk, quli

(some

aware

of,

valom
anaika
alait

time)
again,
ah,
all,

ti'ta

awful, awfully,
gti'mjan,

i'nnik,

nay, ligi'mmen

awkward, awkwardly,
axe,

ann am, im
right,

a8 al

all

a'nau, awwa', atau'-qun, mal,

bachelor,

yanya

qai'lim

back,

qapte

almost,

kfmak
aiv

alms,
also,

back, on one's, wu'ssin backbone of fish, a c m

a'kyej, op,

ne'm 8 ek
|

bad,
bag,

although,
altogether,

qa'wun

qonp

and

so,

a'naqun
aniien, ktimat
to,

aqa agim, (small) caiuch im bald-headed, band, kilt

bandolier,
bar, to,

angry,

vaxgil

annoy,
antler,

vitkit
|

yip
it,

another, anus,

a'jva, va'sqin,

qut

be, to,

(auxiliary)

-tVc-i

yinn
valel

become,
bed,
iwini, inini,

to,

nal

kaw
nivo
.

appear, to,
apply, to,

peye

begin, to,

peep

behind,

yawal

being, berries

-tva

burn,

to,

of

Rubus
berry]
better,

payitt ; of chanuemosus, yittit (see cloud-

Rubus

Arcticus,

bury, to,
bustle, to,

qanga ulwu
vetat
self,

busy one's
but,
es'he'lvin
(see

to,

vetat

maj

between
Es'h
big,

= ach,

themselves,
they)

a'wun, yaq noin buttocks,

cache,
calf,

main, qulu'

ulwu
qai

Big-Raven,
bird,
little,

quyqiy
ptciq

calico,

maniy
ainavv,

birth, to give,

kmin

(see bring forth}

call, to,

qoqla

birth-feast, to arrange,
bite, to,

takno'fiekm

call out, to,

kumn

-ygu

cap,

pa'nqa
gijh

blame,
blood,

to,

ayiw
uiv

carcass,
care,

blockhouse,

do

not,

am

muL
pug

caribou,
carry, to,

elv

blubber,

mitqa blubber bag, float,

boast, to,
taitiflicat"

imti
to,

carry away, carry out,

yilaxtat

to,

tinakt

body,
boil,

uwi'k
to,

carrying-strap, imti

pug
apa

carve, to,

kali

boiled water,

bone,
boot,

atta c
atv,

m
plak

catch at something, to, alhal, giva catch fish with small round net, to, celp catch winter fish, to, nit
cave,
off,

pjak boot-string, boots, to put on or take

agin
(raven's cry),
qo'ofl

pjak

caw

brandy,
bread,
break,
to,

mini}

cease, to,

ankaw

kje'wa (from Russian)

cim

chamber-vessel, aca charm, small wooden, iklan

ajp cheek, cheek-bone, cheer up, to, anya

break off, to, futat break open, to, yicimaw lo 8 breast, woman's,
breath,

chew,

-wyi

to, yalu choking, to be, qaqla

yat bring, to, bring forth children, to,

to give)

-yito (see birth,

chop chop
cleft,
cliff,

fine, to,
off,

qayicu
upti

to,

clatter,

wus'his'h

bring
broth,

in, to,

yatv

cim

bright,

ech, qes-h

gnm
efiyei'na

ap,

ipa

brother,

yicamyi
cilila

ceim close by, close to (adv.],

cloth,

bubble, bubble,
bundle,

maniy
kimi'ta
tafiataw
yittit

to,

bumblebee,
kilt

pug yuqy

clothes,

clothing,

cloud-berry (Rubus chamcemosus),

144
club, big,
coal,

qulu'
atta s yoj

wtijk

daddy, tata dance the ritual dance,

dark,

to,

mfja

coast,

down
kum'

the,

wus'q
wus'q, vujq

coat,

darkness,

coccyx,

citca
iskula'tikin

daughter,

naw
ech
a 8 lo

cold, to be,
cold, to feel,
collar-string,

qatmaw
(l)inn

dawn, dawn,
death,

to,

ech, vant
vi s

(under inn)

daylight,

comb,
come,

pipip
qalfie
to,

ya
tayintinuii

combination-suit,
tila

deceive, to,
define, to,

yiyiw

come back, to, ]axt come home, to, y come out, to, iwini

deny,

to,

ankaw
to,

descend,

takyat
tayyafi,
(-t)ku

desire, to,

gaimat
nitat

common
consent,

sense,

annen

destroy, to,

compassion,
I,

yai'vac

detach, to,

akmitkat,
fii'yuk

i'nmi-qu'num

deuce, the,
diaper,

consume,
contents,

to,

yu (nu)
yishi

mak
poxla

contemporary,
yiss

mak diaper-string, diarrhoea, to have,

die, to,
difficulty,

cook,

apa,

kuka
velo

vi e ya

cormorant, ivvalu corner (of a bag, of a shed), cough, to, tayyen

count,
to,

with great,

mal

dig, to,

ulwu

yjlh

directions, in both or all, galnil mana directions, to different,

country,
cousin,

nuta
yglh

tanaw directly, straight on, dirty, to grow, to soil itself,

aqacn

cousin, female,

naw
to,

dish,

kama
off,

cover

all

around,
iniyi

aimak

distance, far

eg
an'a
(auxiliary) In

coverlet,

divination, divining-stone,

cow,
crack,

korowa (from Russian)

withift

do something,
dog, a 8 tt

to,

yit,

create, to,

taik
ulqa't
ki'svac,

cross-beam,
cross-pole,

iiaw dog, female, a 8 tta'yan dog-shed,

(between sleeping8

door,

tiL

places) cot crucifix worn on neck,

i

down
-(I)i

river,

atta eyol

nn (under

drag-net,

kanat

nn)

draught-hole, to cover side,

cmk

cry, to,

qalhia
cvi
.vv

dress,

iss

cud,

yal.u

cut, to,

dress (mostly female), keykey dress one's self, to, tafiataw

cut into bands, to, cut navel, to, kij

dried meat,

pa

drink, to, iwgici drive in, to, yp

145
driving,

yaqan drum, ya'yay drum, to beat

pg.

fat,

ac,

aca
CL,

father,
the,

ilutcu

father-in-law,

appa mata

dry, to,

fawn,

qai

drying-pole,

tamkal

feed, to,

awyi
fire

feed the
each,
early,

(with sacrifice),
uiv

to,

inalvat

gamga
i'na 8

female,
fence,

naw
wooden,
go and,
yiss lo 8
yat, -(y)et (under et)
flita

eat, to, awyi, yu(nu), cu eat cooked fish, to, a8 s

fetch, to,

fetch, to

egg,
eh,

H
ce

fetch water, to,

fill,

aim

to,

elated, to feel, afimmilat

find,

to,

emperor,
end,

tiyk

finger,

yjlh
plitcu,
it
is,

a'ccic, op,
to,

tenmav

finish, to,

tenmav, tjonp

end,

qonp
in'ac
to

finished,
fire,

enough,
enter,

(mostly

the

sleeping-house),

fire,

op milh, qanga to make, uyi

milh
yanot
a^'s

ya}q
enter, to,

firelock,

talqiw

first,

at,

Envious-One,
envy, to
envy,
even,
to,
feel,

paivak paivak

fish,
fish, fish,

Enn
cooked,
dried (chiefly dog-salmon),
winter, qatap winter, to catch,
flit

akin

tainat

ermine,

imca
-qun

fish,
fish,

even

as,

li'gan

fish

with drag-nets,

to,

kanat

evening,

vulq

fish-tail,

every, every

man,

gamga

fist,

awulpel kulak
yipat

every time, all the time, every time again, kjt

am

fit,

to,

fit

in, to,

pep
nitoln

everywhere,

e'wlan

flame,

qanga
a spa

evil spirit, ninvit

flank, side of meat,

excited, to grow,
exclusive,

thipaw
a8 !

flipper,
float,

am
vaifte

pug
;

excrement, excrement-net,
extinguished, to be,
extra,

flood, to
t

to cover

something with water,

payoc
lila

fly,

to,

yiiia

eye, eyelash,
lo 8
to,

fly-eggs,

aikip follow (the river, the road), to,

limftana,

(-i,i)

face,
fall

follow, to,
ayal, innat, pitk, pis'q

ywal
full

down,
yawa,

follow (some road) in

food,
taifiat,

length, to, -yya

family,
far,

yiss

pilh
vaicit
to,

foot, to

go on,

fastened, to be,

ap

force one's self on,

ewgupat

146
fore, front,

yanot
vej

forefinger,

grooved (hammer), grope in the dark,

guest, to
gull,

kilv
to,

tayilin

foreigner,
foreleg,

tumk
yanot

come

as,

yamkici

forget, to,

yithewt
(from Russian)
olfiaq

gums,

yqyaq ymnim
summer,
a]a

fork,

vi'lka

fork, forked twig,

habitation,
hair,

former,
fox,

pa'nin
in tales),
qit

ch(i)

yayol, ttol

hairless,

im
Qh(i)

Fox-Man (used
freeze, to,

kotha

Hairless-One,
half,

annim,
va'can

cvi,

gmun
wayo'
mai, amei'
taja

frequently,
friend,

halloo!

afte',

tumg
fte'kel

halloo, friend!
halter,

fright, to feel,

jawt
iron,
(chiefly of stone),

frightened, to

become,
s tt

ceil'acet

hammer,

a fringe, fringed, from this time on,

front side, to the,

hammer
am, a'mlm-van

yipan

yaina

hammer, grooved, hand, rmng

handle,

kilv

Frost-Man,

annim
qit

yekui
to,
it,

frozen ground, future time, of,

hang upon,
happens, so
hard,
hardly,

yopat
ce'mec-e'en

pani'ta

kim, qim

game,

giynik
to,

mal
to,

gather together,

timaka

harm,
hastily,

tawitkini'ykin
avi'ut

genuine,
get, to,

taqin, jhi
-(y)et

(under
to,

et).

hatchet,
hate, to,

gatha

get by hunting,

flit

get out, to,

girl,

-yito
ilia'

O!

O woman!
yil

haul, to, havoc, to

aqann* asya, yifla

make,

tawitkini'ykin

give, to,

he, his, that one,

En
]awt

glove,
glue,
i

yjlh
ft

head,
yipitcav

lawt
kilt,

head-band,
hear, to,

gnash (one's teeth), to, gnaw, to, cichu, kolo

yit,

valom

hearth-stones,
hearts,

go and fetch, to, ftita go away, to, (l)qat go out, to, nito go out of house, to, ya-nto'-ykm go through, to, vetho God, aflan, -tva
good,
tafl,

pajavg women's, fastened together,

iya
8

heaven,
heavy,
help,

pana
as'ka'cikilin

heedless, headlong,

vmyat
iielv
to,

herd,

mal
appa
an-a

grandfather,

herd reindeer, wutc here,

here! vus,
hide, to,

qoya

grandmother,
grass,
vi e 'yai

qage'
yiyilpat, pis'q

147
hit, to,

iy

keep,
kettle,

to,

yawa
to,

hold, to,
hole,

ymiv, enaaye

keep back,
kick, to,

giyip

qoqlo
lipyui
atvai,

kuka
aate
feet,

hood,
hoof,

vag
composition)

kick with one's

to

trample half-

hook,
house,

cay

scraped skin,
(in
kill,

apt
to,

ya

to,

tm
elv

houseful,

yiss

kill

house-top,

ya

how is he ? how much,

hunger,

ame'yaq
ta s y

= a'me-yaq
nit

knife, knife,

wild reindeer, vala

pilh hungry, to feel,

gittat
to,

hunt wild reindeer,

I,

woman's, pa'qul know, to, to understand, know, to, vajom know, I do not, qo' known, Hi
lack something, to,

yeyoj

my, mine, myself, giim do not know, am ice on frozen sea, upright blocks aim ice-hole,
I

no

Lamut
of,

tribe,

qoya

ayiyai

land,

nuta
nipa acachat
to,

land, to,

image,

vyil

laugh, to,

immediately, just then,

impossible,
in a
in

a'wwi

laugh loudly,
lazy,

kit

qiyjm
See well

laughing-stock,

atas'h

good manner. the same place,

kawic
qujta

Ennan
yat

leather, sole,

increase of action,

leave, to,

pel|.

indeed, really,

ipa, i'nmi-qu'num, e^'en, o s 'nnen, ca'myeq, cemya'q, qai'gut,

leave (some part), to, yinu leave in open, to, mai

leg,

qacik
inspect, to,
yicicat, lila

gitca
kali
cil
-tli

letter,

intermediate,
interval, intestines,

vithiy

lick with tongue, to,

lie

vithiy

down,

to,

yiltel,

qajajv

lie flat, to,

pis-q
ayicfta

iron,
is it

Pilvjnt

lie
lie,

on
to

side, to,
tell,

not,

ma'ci

tmmat
mmitel

light,

qes'h

jacket of broadcloth,
jealous,
joint,

palto

light, to

to

grow,

cintaw, kincat, qaniii

be resplendent with, in of foot, light

E'nkita,

niqu'p

likewise,
live, to,

op

joyful, to be,

jump,

to,
off,

gaimi pinku
cinkaitat
thait
8 'c

kiyulat

live in joy, to,

live together (in

jump jump
just

to,

yinnaw one house),

to,

yaip

out, to,

living one,

kiyulat

now,

akija

ilu living thing, load left in the open,

mai

148
lonely, to feel,

paivak

long,

iw!

mountain, ftai mouse, pipik

long ago, ai'nun, ti'ta look back, to, twlftila look for, to, yici, fnayey
look
in, to,

mouth, cjk, r^kr move, to, ilu

move
much,

on, to,
too,

yali, tawafl
kit,

yivinafi, was'v
to,
lila

nime'

look upon,
loud,
louse,
is*h

mucus
viyiw

loose, to let or get,

vili 8 'yn (nose), mustache, lalu

myself,

cinit

mi'mil, ml
|

love, to fall in, qaleip

love, to

nail,

vag

make,
vakith
taik

agmni

nail-point,

namely,
magpie,
navel,
!

vag mi'qun
a'limin

kil

make,

to,

nay! oh, well!

near, close by,

make
male,

soup, to,
qlik

apa,

ceim
8

neck,

(l)inn

mamma, mam
man, many,
mate,
i'n'ac

(under inn)

(probably from Russian) o'ya, qlawul, qlik

necklace,
;

-(I)i

nn (under inn)
ayi'kvan,

needle,

titi

nevertheless, at least,
yis

yaq

marlin-spike,

new,

tuy

tumg

meantime, and, qacm measure, to, tenm

meat, cooked,

news, to bring, eshipat niki 'night-time, in the,

noise, to

make,

quli

nop
kukanpa'y;

noiselessly,

male'ta

meat, to take, out of kettle,

km
meet,
to,

nose,
nostril,

i fi

fi

(see kettle)

e 'rival

yaina

not,

igu't, ui'na

mere,
metal,

am
pjjvmt
;

not, I will,

qayem

mid-day,
middle,

gmun
vithiy,

not as yet, yep not long ago, wott

notch,
to.

midnight,

gmun gmun
annen

kilv
vi'yaii

notwithstanding,

Milky Way, cigai mind, common sense, mind, do not, mind, to have
mitten,
lili

now, achi, -yaq now, and, ma'cci

am
in,

now,
Ih

just,

veth

now
yent

only,
!

wu g 'tcu
ki'taft

now, then

monster, monstrous,

number

of, a,

flmvo'q

month,

yij

numerous,
? ch (see

i'n*ac, Ihi

moon, yil morning dawn,

mortar, tobacco,

dawn)

odor,
off!

aig

kipj

got!

mother,

JL

oh, toq,

gek

149
oh, there oh, well
!

e u 'n e s 'n

platform, raised,

uiv

play, to; plaything,

uyicvat
valelflaw

old,

inp

please somebody, to,

old, to

grow,

pajqat

pocket,
point,

old
one, one,

woman, naw Ennan

single one, qun'
(of the two), uwi'k

karma'n (from Russian) c i n, op

isv

pointed,

Polygonum viviparum,

root

of,

a'wyek

one to each
one's
self,

am

porch,

ya
to,

pound,

tla

one time, e'enac, qun' one another, ya ya am, yep only, open mouth, to, wanilat
openly,
other,
o'ya,

any praise, to, to cheer up, pregnant, to become, vamya

prepare,
to,

tenm

presence, in the,
present,
at,

yin

cecve

yishi

qut

outside,

gacfim

pretend, to, prick one's

it

ewgupat
self, to,

oip

own,

uwi'k, cinit

pricked, to be,

isv

probable,
pack-reindeer,
pack-sledge,

seems,

mal
inu

mini

provisions, travelling,

muu
kali

Painted-Woman, palate, qanya

paper,
part,
kali

pudding, yilk pull with violence,

punish,
to,

to,

kjt

yjgil

pursue, to,

vajaikila

some, ctimkup
linat

push

off,

to, to,
o

yiv

parting of hair, pass a day, to,

put on,
quick,
i

yip

s'alviy (see spend}

pass the night, to,

tkiw
s

i'na 8

pass by,

gala pass over (sea, river,

to,

quickly, in haste,
cliff,

avi'ut

etc.), to,

pebbles, small,

cigai
cigai
Jiftp

quid, yalu male'ta quietly,

quite, very,

Pebbly River,
peck,
to,
i

awnu'p, u'nmi,

Ihi

s
fi,

peep

out, to,
ftoin

cEp-fiito'ykin

rain,

muqa
valv

pelvis,

raven,
citca

pelvis-joint,

Raven.

See Big-Raven.
ipa

penis,

aca, Jo'lo

real, actual,

people,

yamk
pa'La
cvi

really,

cemya'q, qacik

perhaps,
piece,

rear, in the,

ywal
cinkaitat

rebound,
yiviy
recent,
qatv, qoqlo

to,

pierce (by pecking), to,

pierce, to,
pilfer, to,

ass
to,

recover senses,
refuse, to,

chicanaw
In

kotha

ankaw,

pillow,
plate,

cot

reindeer,

qoya

torelka (from Russian)

reindeer, pack,

muu

150
reindeer, wild,
eK-

send, to,
separately,

tniv

reindeer-breeder,

cawcuwa
pejhmo'lnin

yanya

reindeer-mane,

settlement,
several,

mm

remainder,

paygc rest, to, pana return payment, riyat revive, to, ayu
rich, to

ta sy

sew,

to,

yagit,

tfti

sew

well, to,

awa-nfti

grow,
to,

pi to

rip
rise,

open,
to

yicimaw

shadow, vyil shake (one's coat, snow shake head, to, ]awt

off),

to,

ten] a

make,
vai'am

pug

river,

shaman's assisting spirit, shaman's stick, ilu s p

anan
anan

road,
roast,

6t
inay
flat

shamanism, to shame, to feel,

stone), to,

practise,

ne'ke]

roast (on

palavg

sharp,

isv

rob, to,
roll,

itca

sharp end,
shell,

op

to,

kul
tatka

root,

Root-Man,
kul
titi

milya'q kilka shell-fish,

full,

round,

shine
shirt,

to,

ech

ruff (fish),

maniy
at, to,

run, to,

-ykij,

gintaw

shoot

jqain

Russian,

mi}h-

said, he,
saliva,

e'wan
viji 'yfl,
B

kitca

cenpinm shout, to, pis'vic, kumn, qoqla, shovel, wulpa shovel snow, to, a s lm
shoulders,

quli

salmon, dried,
sand-spit,
say, to,
scar,

tawaj (see also tainat)

show,
shred,

to,

peye
kjt

e'rgin

miyimk
cgrepro (from Russian)
aia'nac
ilnitat

iw
kitaina

shriek, to,
silver,

vacap
aqit-aifta,

scold, to,

scrape skins, to, yiv scratch with nails," to,

sea,

since (adv.), ass since, as long as,

vag

sinew thread,
sing, to,

to prepare,

afiqa
vi'tvit

quli,

giyapca

seal, ringed,
seal-oil,

single
sister,
sit,

one or time,
caket
-tvagal

qun

vali

seamstress,
seashore,

awa-nni
achift
mi'cflc;)

to,

sit

down on
nalqiw

sledge (mostly astride), to,

seaweed, edible,

second time,
secretly,
see, to,

nay
8

skilful,

tami'nfli

vin'v
gita, ]6

skin,

nalh, gilh

skin, inner,

yipn

seek, to,

enayey
iw, qa'ifiu'n

skin, to,

yivan-ni

seems,
self,
self,

it,

skin, to peel off,

skip, to,

vannat

uwi'k
one's,
cinit

otna

slaughter reindeer, to,

qoya

sledge,

covered,

qaya'n

(literally, rein-

stand, to,
starve, to,
state, to,
steal, to,

tvit

deer-house)
uya'tik sledge, driving, i'nan sledge-load,
sleep, sleepy, sleep, to,

pilh

yiyiw
tulat

kawic
tan

step over, to, cancis'qu'ykin

step-father, utt stick,
stick, to,
still,

yilqat sleep (well), to put to,

tata

sleeping-room, in the,
sleeping-tent,
slide, to,

yalq

akmitkat

iniyi

yali

still

yaq, yep the less, li'giqar

slime, small,

wapis-qa, vapis-qa, kitca

pi, of,

stingy,
stir, to,

alna
ilu

qai
tk

smell

to,

stone,

vugv
vugv, GIWILC'
qas'v
ni'kli

smoke,
snare,

nl

Stone-Face,
peik
yitiwat
stone-pine,

smothered, to feel,
enat
snares, to spread,

stone-pine nut,
stones,
flat,

snore, to,

Enkaya
urine,

stop, to,

palavg nuwil
yip; (smoke-hole)

snow,

a8 !

stop up,

to,

tomn

snow soaked with a e lm snowdrift,

snowstorm begins,
so,

aca

stopper for roof-hole,

wall) qaltfnu
store, to,

tomn

(in roof or

snowshoe, snowshoe-string,
vtiya}

tig

yumkaw

a'naqun
yina

soar, to,
soft,

storehouse, aia; (elevated) ma'mi storehouse gable, mi'nin storeroom, rear, tinu; (within the outer
tent, rear)

yiyk

some one,

niyk
niyk

stow, to,
straight,

ymu yumkaw
t|naw

(underground) ulwu

something, to do, son child, kmin

soon,
i'na 8

vgth

straight on,

stranger,

tumk
yipiykala; (one's self on a
imti

spend
spend,

(a day),
to,

s-alviy; (the night), to destroy, (-t)ku

tkiw

strangle, to,

forked twig) olnaq

strap for carrying,
stretch, to,
stride,

spirit (supernatural),

kamak
atta
}:

spit

out bones,
s-v

to,

tvet

splash into, to,

split, to,

pewnva
kaggup
to,

vaqyiy
vaqat
tala, (y)kipl; to,

stride over,
to,

split in split

two,

strike,

(A) kiphi

lengthwise,
kali

-yya

strong,

qatv, Ihi

spoil, to,

tawitkini'ykm, kotha

successful,

qatv
ini'nnin
8

spotted,
squeal, to,
squirt,

such a one,
suck, to,

tawtawat

to,

piwya;
tinp, qatv

(upon something),

suffering,

nalp, lq ta8 !, fio

ala

epetcayta
stab, to,

summer,
sun,
tiyk

152
sunset,

vujq superior to, to be,

supernatural
surplus,
spirit,

three,
jv

niyo'x
pilh,
to,

throat,

qamatca
takyi

kamak

throw,

yinla

paypfc
to,

swallow,

titkat

throw throw

at, to,

into, to,

pewiwa

thrust, to,
tail,

yp
aftika

noifi

thud,

to,

take, to,

akmit
force), to,
to,

thus,
itca

Enna 8 'an
yigich
kilt; (boot-strings) -Ipinit; (load

take

away (by
(it)

tickled, to be,
tie, to,

take
talk,

on back,

imti

tassel,

migimg miyimk
caca
to,

on sledge) enomat am exune'ce time, every, all the,

time, in that,

taste of, to,

inya'wut

taste of

excrement,

ae l

time, this,

e'chivan,

wo

fi

tvan

taste well, to,

coprg
to,

tired, to get, yjgjl

pana
kipl

teach one a lesson,

tear (of eyes),
tent,

tobacco-mortar,
together,

meye

umaka
mitiw

pola'tka (from Russian)

to-morrow,

tent, outer,

ya
riyat

thank,

to,

cil tongue, too much. See

much

thanksgiving
inacixcat
that

ceremonial,

to

arrange,

tooth,

vann
iy

touch, to,

nayen, from speaker) nuninach their,

Enin-,

one,

nan;

(apart

uyicvat vinv track,

toy,

trample, to,
traps, to set,

tanti
to,

then,

a'tti,

inya'wut, ora'wucak
wtis 'tcu

trample down,

cancis'qu'ykin

then only,
there,

yitiwat

E'nki, yelh, van, -kic, ga'nka,

nan

travel, to,

tflaiv

there, and,

vot
ini'nnin

traveller (from afar),

trifle,

makla

therefore,

yaq

they,
thief,

ach, Ech, nay

tripod, for kettle,

truly,

kuka

female, assa thigh,

naw

i'nmi-qu'num, ki'wan
i'nmitanti

truth, in,

thimble,

vel

try on, to,

thirsty, to be,

pa

Tungus,
wutinturn, to,

qoy
yili, yilt

this country, in,

this

much,

this one,
this place,

to such degree, vvutin-

Enin

tusk,

ymn
niyaq
flay,

twice,

belonging
yelh,

to,

wutc

two,

niyaq

this side, to,

qo'ym
pikak underground storeroom,
understand,
git
to,

thong,

fliln
i'lfiin

unable, to be,

thong, hairless,
thong-seal skin,

ulwu

qulta

yeyol
atau'

thou, thy, thine, thee,

unreasonably,

153
unskilful,

uqugwai
vacin-hi
yis
-Ipinit

untidy,
untie, to,

untied,

untrue,

qjyjm
ta 8 !

when, ti'ta whence, maninwhere, ma'nnu, mink whether, me'6e which, maninwhile, for a,
pice'

unwell,

upstream,
urinate, to,
use, to,

ech

whiskers,

lalu

upstream, to go,

gep
luta

whistle, to,

giyapca
elhi-taw

aa, yawa

white,

ilh

white, to make,

white whale,
vainly, without reason,
atau'

yiyi, riri

who,
!

mikina
all,

vanquish,
vent-hole,

to,

Iv

whole, exclusive,

mere, only,
nita

am

vegetable food,

mesqav
kulipci

yino

mink why why do you come,

wife,

vent-hole, plug for,

very,
vessel,
village,
visit,

fia'wan

awnu'p, u'nmi

wife, to take for a,

mata

u'kkam

willow,

viyi

mm
kumn,
to,

willow-bark,

wic
it

visit

yamkici 8 him, to, yo o

quli
8

wind, the, pushes

winter,
wolf,
i

inward,

yqu

laqlan
8

voice,

voluntarily,

ya 'yoa
gival

wolverene,

qapay

vomit,

wake

up, to,

kiyaw
to,

woman, naw woman, O, ilia' woman, old, qicame

wonder, interjection woo, to, flaw
of,

wakeful,

kiyulat
tilaiv

qe'e

walk around,
want,
to,

wallet filled with fish-heads,

tayyaft

kaw

wood,
world,
worst,

utt

gacnm
aqa
to,

warm,
wash,
water,

thil

elhi-taw

wrap up,
aim

aimak
to,

(see to cover)

miml

wring the neck,

lawt

watering-place, ice-hole,

wring out,
write, to,

to,

-Ipirt

we, our,

much
to,

kali

welcome,
well,

gink

wrong, to do,
yesterday,

akuyicva'tikm

well, all right!

awwa'
ai'gewe

now,

atau'-qun, inei'

well, in a

whale,
what,

good manner, awa-nni yun (see white whale)

ithilh

you, your, tuch youngest brother or

ilalu'

sister,

iLa'nyo

whale-skin,

youngest one, the (term of endearment),

yaq, manin!

what of that

-ki

PUBLICATIONS ISSUED BY THE AMERICAN

ETHNOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN ETHNOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
Vols. I-III, 1845-51.

(Out of

print.)

BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN ETHNOLOGICAL SOCIETY,

1860-63.
(

Out of print

'.)

JOURNAL OF THE ANTHROPOLOGICAL INSTITUTE OF NEW

YORK.
Vol.
I,

No.

i,

1871-73.

(Out of print)

Dr. C. H. BERENDT, Analytical Alphabet for the

Mexican and Central

American Languages (printed

in facsimile).

(Out of print)

TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN ETHNOLOGICAL SOCIETY.

Vol. III.

Reprinted in 1909.

PUBLICATIONS OF THE AMERICAN ETHNOLOGICAL SOCIETY.

I.

WILLIAM JONES, Fox Texts.

1907.

383 pp.

II.

EDWARD
JOHN R.
1912.

SAPIR,

Wishram

Texts.
;

1909.

314 pp.
BOAS, Tsimshian Texts.

III.

Sw ANTON, Haida Songs FRANZ

B.

284 pp.

IV.

ROLAND

DIXON, Maidu Texts.

1912.

241 pp.

V.
VI.

WALDEMAR BOGORAS, Koryak

Texts.

1916.

153 pp.
;

JOHN W. CHAPMAN, Ten'a Texts and Tales from Anvik, Alaska

\vithVocabularybyPLiNvEARLEGoDDARD. 1914.
Part

vi-|-23Opp.

VII.

I.

WILLIAM JONES, Ojibwa Texts.

1917.

Edited by

Truman Truman

Michelson.
Part
II.

501 pp.

WILLIAM JONES, Ojibwa Texts.

In press.
Texts.

Edited by

Michelson.
VIII.

JOHN R. SWANTON, Haida

In press.

IX.

WILLIAM JONES, Kickapoo Texts. Edited by Truman Michelson.

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