IESNA Illuminance Guide

ILLUMINANCE SELECTION
In 1979, the IESNA established an illuminance selection procedure, which was published in the 6th, 7th, and 8th editions of its Lighting Handbook. The philosophy of that procedure was to enable the lighting designer to select illuminances based on a knowledge of space and occupant characteristics as well as the task and worker characteristics. The philosophy of that procedure has been embraced again in this edition, but the procedure has been modified and simplified to place visual performance and therefore illuminance selection more in balance with the other important lighting design criteria presented in this chapter and discussed throughout this edition of the IESNA Lighting Handbook. Specifically, the recommended illuminances provided in the Design Guide are based on the Society's judgment of best practice for "typical" applications. Every situation is unique so, naturally, typical conditions may not be appropriate for a specific application. As a professional, the lighting designer should have a better understanding of the particular space and the needs of the occupants and clients than what can be presented in a recommended illuminance value for a typical space.
Illuminance Recommendations
In 1979, the IESNA established nine illuminance categories, "A," the lowest set of recommended illuminances, through "I," the highest set. Each of the nine categories had general descriptions of the visual task, irrespective of the application. Generally, the same approach has been employed in this edition of the IESNA Lighting Handbook to help lighting designers establish the best task illuminance. However, four important modifications have been adopted. 1. The recommended illuminances are no longer provided without reference to a specific application. Every application in the Design Guide has a specific recommended illuminance (horizontal, vertical, or both) representing best practice for a typical application. 2. The nine illuminance selection categories established earlier by the IESNA have been reduced to seven categories and organized into three sets of visual tasks (orientation and simple, common, and special). These groupings provide additional clarity to the category descriptions (Figure 10-9). 3. Additional precision has been given to the task descriptions in each category. In the previous three editions it was impossible for the lighting designer to unambiguously ascertain what constituted, for example, "low contrast" or "small size." Specific ranges of contrast and size have been established for this edition (Figures 10-10 and 10-11). 4. Recommended illuminances increase roughly logarithmically with increasing task difficulty by combined changes in task contrast and task size, as defined in Figure 10-10. These recommendations are guided by both the scientific literature and practical experience.
Quality of the Visual Environment
Page 17 of 30
Figure 10-9. Determination of Illuminance Categories*
Armories
Auditoriums Assembly Social activity I. INTERIOR LOCATIONS AND TASKS Design Issues Appearance of Space and Luminaires Color Appearance (and Color Contrast) Daylighting Integration and Control Direct Glare Flicker (and Strobe) Light Distribution on Surfaces Light Distribution on Task Plane (Uniformity) Luminances of Room Surfaces Modeling of Faces or Objects Point(s) of Interest Reflected Glare Shadows Source/Task/Eye Geometry Sparkle/Desirable Reflected Highlights Surface Characteristics System Control and Flexibility Special Considerations Somewhat important Important Very Important
Accounting (see Offices)
Art Galleries (see Museums)
Banks (see Reading) Lobby General Writing area Tellers' stations ATM facilities keypad ATM facilities display screen ATM facilities writing surface ATM facilities surrounding area Blank = Not important or not applicable (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) C D E A A D C A A A C B (2) A A (3) Ch. 11 C B A Ch. 14 C A Ch. 23 Ch. 11 Notes on Special Considerations Illuminance (Horizontal) Category or Value (lux) Illuminance (Vertical) Category or Value (lux) Notes on Illuminance - see end of section Reference Chapter(s) Interior-1
Air Terminals (see Transportation Terminals in Section V, Transportation)
IESNA Lighting Design Guide

Interior-1

Barber Shops/Salons Casino and Gaming Circulation High activity Medium activity Low activity Baccarat General Game surface Bingo General Game surface Blackjack General Game surface Craps General Game surface Keno General Game surface Poker General Game surface Roulette General Game surface Sport and race books General Game surface Video and slots Churches and Synagogues (see Houses of Worship section) Club and Lodge Rooms Lounge and reading Conference Rooms Meeting Critical seeing (refer to task) Video conference E D Ch. 13 D C B D C D C E C D C C C E C D C D C C A B A Ch. 14 B A A
Interior-2
(1)
(1)
B A
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
D Ch. 11 D (1) E B D
Interior-2
Correctional Facilities Cells Day rooms I. INTERIOR LOCATIONS AND TASKS
Drafting/Graphic Arts CAD stations only Mixed CAD and paper task Design Issues Appearance of Space and Luminaires Color Appearance (and Color Contrast) Daylighting Integration and Control Direct Glare Flicker (and Strobe) Light Distribution on Surfaces Light Distribution on Task Plane (Uniformity) Luminances of Room Surfaces Modeling of Faces or Objects Point(s) of Interest Reflected Glare Shadows Source/Task/Eye Geometry Sparkle/Desirable Reflected Highlights Surface Characteristics System Control and Flexibility Special Considerations (1) (1) (1) (1) Notes on Special Considerations Illuminance (Horizontal) A B C E E E D C D A A Ch. 23 D D Category or Value (lux) Illuminance (Vertical) A A Category or Value (lux) Notes on Illuminance - see end of section Ch. 14 Ch. 14 Reference Chapter(s) Interior-3 A C (5) C (6) C (5) B B (4) B Blank = Not important or not applicable Somewhat important Important Very Important
Dance Halls/Discotheques Dance halls/discotheques Ballrooms/social events
Court Rooms (see Reading) Seating area (spectators) Judge and clerk Litigant's table Podium Witness chair
Corridors (see Service Spaces)
Depots, Terminals, Stations (see Transportation Terminals in Section V, Transportation)

Interior-3

Mylar High contrast media Low contrast media Vellum/mylar High contrast Low contrast Overlays Light table Prints Educational Facilities Corridors Classrooms General (see Reading) Art rooms Drafting (see Drafting/Graphic Arts) Home economics (see Residences) Science laboratories Lecture halls Audience (see Reading) Demonstration Music rooms (see Reading) Shops (see Section II, Industrial) Sight saving rooms Study halls (see Reading) Typing (see Reading) Gymnasiums Basketball Other sports (See Section IV, Sports) Social events Outdoor sports facilities (see Section IV, Sports) Cafeterias (see Food Service Facilities) Dormitories (see Residences) Elevators, Freight Elevators, Passenger Emergency Lighting (see Section VI, Emergency, Safety, and Security) Exhibition Halls C A E F E F (7) C E A C Ch. 12 C C D C D
Interior-4
Ch. 20 F B D A Ch. 20 Ch. 13 Ch. 18 B B A Ch. 29
Interior-4
I. INTERIOR LOCATIONS AND TASKS
Financial Facilities (see Banks) Design Issues Appearance of Space and Luminaires Color Appearance (and Color Contrast) Daylighting Integration and Control Direct Glare Flicker (and Strobe) Light Distribution on Surfaces Light Distribution on Task Plane (Uniformity) Luminances of Room Surfaces Modeling of Faces or Objects Point(s) of Interest Reflected Glare Shadows Source/Task/Eye Geometry Sparkle/Desirable Reflected Highlights Surface Characteristics System Control and Flexibility Special Considerations Notes on Special Considerations Illuminance (Horizontal) Somewhat important Important Very Important
Filing (see Offices and Reading)
Fire Stations (see Municipal Buildings - Police and Fire)
Food Service Facilities (If equipment locations are known, see Residences-Kitchens) Butcher shop Cashier Cleaning Dining Food displays Food storage Nonrefrigerated Refrigerated Galley Kitchen Pantry Refuse area Sculleries Thaw room Blank = Not important or not applicable B B E E D C E D C A A A C A A (8) Ch. 13 Ch. 11 Ch. 11 Ch. 11 E D C C E C A A Category or Value (lux) Illuminance (Vertical) Category or Value (lux) Notes on Illuminance - see end of section Reference Chapter(s) Interior-5

Interior-5

Food Courts Garages Parking (see Outdoor Facilities section) Gasoline Stations (see Retail Spaces - Outdoor: Service Station in Section III, Outdoor) Graphic Design and Material Color selection Charting and mapping Graphs Keylining Layout and artwork Photographs, moderate detail Health Care Facilities Ambulance (local) Anesthetizing Autopsy and morgue Autopsy, general Autopsy table Morgue, general Cardiac function laboratory Central sterile supply Inspection, general Inspection Work areas, general Processed storage Corridors Nursing areas, day Nursing areas, night Operating areas, delivery, recovery, and laboratory suite and service Critical care areas General Examination Surgical task lighting Handwashing Cystoscopy room Dental suite General Instrument tray Oral cavity (9) D A Ch. 13 Ch. 22 Ch. 17
Interior-6
F F E F F E
D D C D D C Ch. 16
(10) (10) (10) (10) (10) (10)
E E E G D E E F D D C B E
C C C E B C C D B B A A A A C (11)
(10) (10) (10) (10) (10) (10)
B E F E D E G
C B C E
Interior-6

I. INTERIOR LOCATIONS AND TASKS Very Important Important Light Distribution on Task Plane (Uniformity) Somewhat important
Interior-7 Blank = Not important or not applicable
Notes on Illuminance - see end of section
Color Appearance (and Color Contrast)
Sparkle/Desirable Reflected Highlights
Appearance of Space and Luminaires
Daylighting Integration and Control
Notes on Special Considerations
Luminances of Room Surfaces
System Control and Flexibility
Light Distribution on Surfaces
Modeling of Faces or Objects
Source/Task/Eye Geometry
Illuminance (Horizontal)
Surface Characteristics
Category or Value (lux)
Special Considerations
Recovery room General Dialysis unit, medical Elevators EKG and specimen room General Emergency outpatient General Endoscopy rooms General Peritoneoscopy Culdoscopy Eye surgery Fracture room General Local Inhalation therapy Laboratories Specimen collecting Linens Sorting soiled linen Central (clean) linen room Sewing room, general Linen closet Lobby Locker rooms Medical illustration studio Medical records Nurseries General
C F B (10) (10) (10) (10) (10) (10) (10) (10) (10) (10) A E E D D G E F D E D D D B B B F E B
A D A A C C B B E C D B C A A B A A A D C A Interior-7
(10) (10) (10) (10) (10)
Reference Chapter(s)
Illuminance (Vertical)
Flicker (and Strobe)
Point(s) of Interest
Reflected Glare
Design Issues
Direct Glare
Shadows

Observation and treatment Nursing stations General Desk Corridors, day Corridors, night Medication station Obstetric delivery suite Labor rooms General Local Birthing room Delivery area Scrub, general General Delivery table Resuscitation Postdelivery recovery area Occupational therapy Work areas, general Work tables or benches Patient rooms General Observation Critical examination Reading Toilets Physical therapy departments Gymnasiums Tank rooms Treatment cubicles Postanesthetic recovery room General Local Pulmonary function laboratories Radiological suite General Radiography/fluoroscopy room (10) (10) (10) E D E B A E C B C A A C
Interior-8
(10)
C E F (10) (10) (10) F G G G E D E B A E D D D D D E G E A A
A C D D E E C B C A A C B A B B B C E C A A
(10) (10) (10) (10) (10)
(10) (10) (10)
(10) (10) (10)
Interior-8
Homes (see Residences) Radiation therapy section General Solarium General Local for reading Stairways Surgical suite Operating room, general Operating table Scrub room Instruments and sterile supply room Clean-up room, instruments Anesthesia storage Substerilizing room Surgical induction room Surgical holding area Toilets Utility room Waiting areas General Local for reading Design Issues Appearance of Space and Luminaires Color Appearance (and Color Contrast) Daylighting Integration and Control Direct Glare Flicker (and Strobe) Light Distribution on Surfaces Light Distribution on Task Plane (Uniformity) Luminances of Room Surfaces Modeling of Faces or Objects Point(s) of Interest Reflected Glare Shadows Source/Task/Eye Geometry Sparkle/Desirable Reflected Highlights Surface Characteristics System Control and Flexibility Special Considerations (10) (10) (10) (10) (10) (10) (10) C D A B Ch. 18 Notes on Special Considerations Illuminance (Horizontal) B C D C A B A E E D B C A A C C A A G G F D E C C E E C D Category or Value (lux) Illuminance (Vertical) A Category or Value (lux) Notes on Illuminance - see end of section Reference Chapter(s) Interior-9 Blank = Not important or not applicable Somewhat important Important Very Important

Interior-9

Hospitality Facilities (see Hotels, Food Service Facilities) Hospitals (see Health Care Facilities) Hotels Guest rooms General Bathrooms, for grooming Reading/desk work Corridors, elevators, stairs Front desk Linen room Sewing General Lobby General lighting Reading and work areas Entrance canopy Houses of Worship Congregational areas Leadership area Highlighted items Kitchens (see Food Service or Residences) Libraries (10) Reading stacks Bookstacks Active Inactive Book repair or binding Cataloguing Card files (paper) Carrels, individual study desks Circulation desk Map and print room (see Graphic Design and Material) Audiovisual areas Audio listening areas Microform areas
Interior-10 Ch. 13
Ch. 16 Ch. 13 C D D B E F C C D A Ch. 14 C D A D D Ch. 13, 18 Ch. 12 D (7) (7) (7) (7) D (12) B (12) A B
(7)
D D D D D D D D D
Interior-10
Locker Rooms Design Issues Appearance of Space and Luminaires Color Appearance (and Color Contrast) Daylighting Integration and Control Direct Glare Flicker (and Strobe) Light Distribution on Surfaces Light Distribution on Task Plane (Uniformity) Luminances of Room Surfaces Modeling of Faces or Objects Point(s) of Interest Reflected Glare Shadows Source/Task/Eye Geometry Sparkle/Desirable Reflected Highlights Surface Characteristics System Control and Flexibility Special Considerations Notes on Special Considerations Illuminance (Horizontal) C Somewhat important Important Very Important
Merchandising Spaces Retail store areas Alteration room Fitting room Dressing areas Fitting areas Locker rooms Stock rooms, wrapping and packaging Sales transaction area Circulation General merchandise display Feature display Show windows F D F C B D A B Blank = Not important or not applicable D D C E F G C D E Category or Value (lux) Illuminance (Vertical) A D Ch. 17 Category or Value (lux) Notes on Illuminance - see end of section Ch. 12, 20 Reference Chapter(s) Interior-11

Interior-11

Shopping mall areas Main concourse Food court (see Food Courts) Entertainment areas Kiosks Directory/information desk Service corridors Restrooms Child care Vertical transportation Entry/vestibule Side arcade Landscape (see Retail Spaces Outdoor in Section III, Outdoor) Meeting rooms/offices Supermarkets Meat processed Meat fresh Dairy cases Produce Floral displays Gondolas Shelving Motels (see Hotels) Municipal Buildings - Police and Fire Police Identification records Jail cells and interrogation rooms Fire Station Museums Flat displays on vertical surfaces Exhibit cases 3-dimensional objects Realistic environments Lobbies, general gallery areas, corridors Restoration or conservation shops and labs Nursing Homes (see Health Care Facilities) D (9) (9) E F F D C D D D D B C D D A B A B
Interior-12
(9)
Ch. 17, 21 D E E E E E E E A C C C C C C C Ch. 13 Ch. 11 F D D
A B Ch. 14
(7) (7) (7) (7) (7) (7)
D D D C E
D B B B A C Ch. 16
Interior-12
Post Offices Lobby Customer service counter Mail processing, general Design Issues Appearance of Space and Luminaires Color Appearance (and Color Contrast) Daylighting Integration and Control Direct Glare Flicker (and Strobe) Light Distribution on Surfaces Light Distribution on Task Plane (Uniformity) Luminances of Room Surfaces Modeling of Faces or Objects Point(s) of Interest Reflected Glare Shadows Source/Task/Eye Geometry Sparkle/Desirable Reflected Highlights Surface Characteristics System Control and Flexibility Special Considerations (14,15) (14,15) (1) (1) (1) C E E A A Ch. 11 Ch. 22 C E C A A A Notes on Special Considerations Illuminance (Horizontal) D E E E Category or Value (lux) Illuminance (Vertical) B C B B Category or Value (lux) Notes on Illuminance - see end of section Ch. 11 Reference Chapter(s) Interior-13 Blank = Not important or not applicable Somewhat important Important Very Important
Offices (13) Filing (see Reading) General and private offices (see Reading) Open plan office Intensive VDT use Open plan office Intermittent VDT use Private office Libraries (see Libraries) Lobbies, lounges, and reception areas Mail sorting Copy rooms
Parking Facilities (see Section III, Outdoor)

Interior-13

Reading (16) Copied tasks Microfiche reader Photograph, moderate detail Thermal copy, poor Photocopies Photocopies, 3rd generation Data processing tasks VDT screens Impact printer good ribbon 2nd carbon and greater ink jet/laser printer keyboard reading Machine rooms Active operations Tape storage Machine area Equipment service Thermal print Handwritten tasks #2 pencil and softer leads #3 pencil #4 pencil and harder leads Ball-point pen Felt-tip pen Handwritten carbon copy White boards Chalk boards Printed tasks 6-point type 8- and 10-point type Glossy magazines Maps Newsprint Typed originals Telephone books Residences General lighting Conversation, relaxation, and entertainment Passage areas (circulation)
Interior-14 Ch. 11, 12
A E F D E A D E D D D D C E E D E F D D E
B C
B E E D D E D D E
B A A
A A
Interior-14

Specific visual tasks Dining Grooming Makeup and shaving Dressing evaluation (mirror) Handcrafts and hobbies Ordinary tasks (e.g,. crafts) Difficult tasks (e.g., sewing) Critical tasks (e.g., workbench) Easel hobbies Ironing Kitchen counter Critical seeing (e.g., cutting) General Kitchen range Difficult seeing (e.g., cooking) Kitchen sink Difficult seeing Noncritical (clean up) Laundry Music study (piano, organ) Reading In a chair (casual) In a chair (serious) In bed (casual)
B D D D E F D E D E E D D D D E D C B C C B A B B C B B B B C D D
Reference Chapter(s) Interior-15
Reflected Glare
Design Issues
Direct Glare
Shadows

At desk Casual Serious Sewing (see Residences: Handcrafts and Hobbies) Table games Restaurants (see Food Service Facilities) Retail Spaces (see Merchandising Spaces) Safety (see Section VI, Emergency, Safety, and Security) Schools (see Educational Facilities) Service Spaces (see Service Spaces in Section II, Industrial) Stairways and corridors Elevators (see Elevators) Toilets and washrooms Service Stations Service bays (see Section II, Industrial) Sales room (see Merchandise Spaces) Show Windows (see Merchandising Spaces) Stairways (see Service Spaces) Storage Rooms (see Section II, Industrial) Stores (see Merchandising Spaces) Theatre and Motion Picture Houses Toilets and Washrooms Transportation Terminals (See Section V, Transportation) Winery (see Food Service Facilities) Wine cellar B A D E D A C B
Interior-16
Ch. 13 Ch. 17 Ch. 29 Ch. 12 Ch. 11, 19 B B A Ch. 17, 19
Ch. 17
Ch. 19 Ch. 17 Ch. 15 Ch. 11 Ch. 23
Ch. 13, 17 (7) A A
Interior-16

Notes: (1) Consider lighting for video cameras. (2) Maximum illuminance. (3) At ground level. (4) The minimum illuminance in a prison cell is 200 lx (20 fc); 300 lx (30 fc) should be provided for reading at the head of the bed. (5) Adjustable task lighting recommended. (6) Task lighting recommended, possibly located in ceiling. (7) Degradation factors important to consider. (8) In the display plane. (9) Special lighting for signage or banners may be required. (10) See Chapter for special considerations. (11) Refer to Chapter 16, Health Care Facility Lighting, for specific recommendations for surgical task lighting. (12) At 30" above floor. (13) Design issues, including illuminances, can be listed for room or space. Refer to specific task under "Reading" or "Graphic Design and Materials", for example. (14) Lighting should be flexible to accommodate changes in office furniture. (15) Accoustical aspects of luminaires need to be considered. (16) Design issues and illuminances listed for the task. See "Offices" or "Educational Facilities", for example, for additional considerations for the room.
Reference Chapter(s) Interior-17
Reflected Glare
Design Issues
Direct Glare
Shadows

II. INDUSTRIAL (a) LOCATIONS AND TASKS Very Important Important Light Distribution on Task Plane (Uniformity) Somewhat important Blank = Not important or not applicable
Intrinsic Material Characteristics
Notes see end of section
Illuminance on Task Plane
(b)
Basic Industrial Tasks Raw material processing (cleaning, cutting, crushing, sorting, grading) Coarse Medium Fine Very fine Materials handling Wrapping, packing, and labeling Picking stock, classifying Loading, inside trucks and freight cars Component manufacturing Large Medium Fine Machining Rough bench or machine work Medium bench or machine work (ordinary automatic machines, rough grinding, medium buffing, and polishing) Fine bench or machine work (fine automatic machines, medium grinding, fine buffing, and polishing) Extra-fine bench or machine work (fine grinding)
C D E F D D C D E F D E
Reflected Glare
Design Issues
Direct Glare
Shadows

II. INDUSTRIAL (a) LOCATIONS AND TASKS Very Important Important Light Distribution on Task Plane (Uniformity) Somewhat important Blank = Not important or not applicable
Intrinsic Material Characteristics
Notes see end of section
Illuminance on Task Plane
(b)
Assembly Simple Difficult Exacting Warehousing and storage Inactive Active: bulky items; large labels Active: small items; small labels Inspection Simple Difficult Exacting Service spaces Stairways, corridors Elevators, freight and passenger Toilets and wash rooms Shipping and receiving Maintenance Motor and equipment observation Control panel and VDT observation Welding Orientation Precision manual arc-welding (Inspection of work after completion of weld)
D F G B C D D F G B B C D E D C D G
Reflected Glare
Design Issues
Direct Glare
Shadows

Manual crafting (engraving, carving, painting, stitching, cutting, pressing, knitting, polishing, woodworking) Coarse Medium Fine Exacting Notes: (a) For details on specific tasks or spaces refer to Chapter 19, Industrial Lighting. (b) The task may be horizontal, inclined, or vertical.
D E F G

III. OUTDOOR LOCATIONS AND TASKS

Very Important Important Somewhat important
Outdoor-1 Blank = Not important or not applicable Notes on Illuminance see end of section
(a, b)
Light Pollution/Trespass
(a, b)
Advertising Signs and Poster Boards (see Bulletin and Poster Boards, or Signs) Bikeways Alongside roadways commercial areas Distant from roadways Building General construction Excavation work Building Exteriors Entrances Active (pedestrian/conveyance) Inactive (normally locked, infrequent use) Prominent structures Building and Grounds Security (see Section VI, Emergency, Safety, and Security) Buildings and Monuments, Floodlighted Bright surrounding Light surfaces Medium light surfaces Medium dark surfaces Dark surfaces Ch. 21 (2) (2) (2) (2) A B B C 10 5 B A 20 (1) 5 (1) A A Ch. 21, 29 B A B A A A Ch. 21, 22, 29
Peripheral Detection
Reflected Glare
Design Issues
Direct Glare
Shadows
Outdoor-1

Dark surroundings Light surfaces Medium light surfaces Medium dark surfaces Dark surfaces Bulletin and Poster Boards Bright surroundings Light surfaces Dark surfaces Dark surroundings Light surfaces Dark surfaces Coal Yards (see Section VI, Emergency, Safety, and Security) Dredging Flags, Floodlighted Gardens General lighting Paths, away from building Steps or ramps away from building Backgrounds fences, walls, trees, and shrubbery Flower beds, rock gardens Trees or shrubbery, emphasized Focal points, large Focal points, small Gazebos, trellises, decorative structures Terraces, patios, decks Gasoline Station (see Retail Spaces, Outdoor: Service Station) Highways (see Roadways) Holiday and Entertainment Holiday and festival lighting Entertainment lighting Hospitality Exterior Restaurants and dining areas Pool areas and terraces Loading and Unloading Platforms Freight car interiors

(2) (2) (2) (2) A A A A Ch. 21 (2) (2) (2) (2) A A A A 2 A C 5 10 10 20 A A B C B B A A 2 3 3 5 A A A A A A Ch. 21 Ch. 21 D E C D
Outdoor-2
(3)
(3)
C D B B C B
A B A A A A
Ch. 13, 21
Ch. 13, 21
Ch. 19
Outdoor-2


Outdoor-3 Blank = Not important or not applicable Notes on Illuminance see end of section
(a, b)
(a, b)
Logging Yarding Log loading and unloading Log stowing (water) Active log storage area (land) Log booming area (water) foot traffic Active log handling area (water) Log grading water or land Log bins (land) Lumber Yards Marinas Parks, Plazas, and Pedestrian Malls Parking Areas Piers Freight Active shipping area Active shipping surrounds Passenger Prison Yards
A A 10 10 10 10 B 20 10 B B
Ch. 19 A
3 A A
Ch. 19 Ch. 21, 23 Ch. 21 (4) Ch. 22, 29 Ch. 23
(3) (3)
B A C A Ch. 14
Reflected Glare
Design Issues
Direct Glare
Shadows
Outdoor-3

Railroad Yards Retarder classification yards Receiving yard Switch points Body of yard Hump area Control tower and retarder area Head end Body Pull-out end Dispatch or forwarding yard Hump and car rider classificaton yard Receiving yard Switch points Body of yard Hump area Flat switching yards Side of cars Switch points Trailer-on flatcars Horizontal surface of flatcar Hold-down points Container-on flatcars Retail Spaces - Outdoor Fast food restaurants Car dealerships business district Front row adjacent to roadway Car dealerships small towns Front row adjacent to roadway Convenience stores Pedestrian mall Service station Dark surrounding Approach Driveway Pump island area Building faces (exclusive of glass) Service areas Landscape highlights Light surrounding Approach Driveway Pump island area Building faces (exclusive of glass) Service areas Landscape highlights

Ch. 19, 23 20 10 A A A 10 20 10 20 20 10 A A 20 A A A C C B A A 15 15 A 20 20 10 20 20 B A A 20 5 3 C B A 3 5 3 5 5 3 A A 5 A A A A A A A A 5 5 A 5 5 3 5 5 A A A 5 Ch. 13, 17, 21, 29
Outdoor-4
Outdoor-4


Outdoor-5 Blank = Not important or not applicable Notes on Illuminance see end of section (5) (6) A A B D B A A B (7)
(a, b)
(a, b)
Roadways Roadway Rest Areas Sculptures Ship Yards General Ways Fabrication areas Shopping Centers (see Parking and Building Exterior, Entrances) Signs Advertising Externally lighted roadway Smokestacks with Advertising Messages (see Bulletin and Poster Boards) Storage Yards Active Inactive Streets (See Roadways) Tunnels C 10 A 3 (2) (2) A A C C
Ch. 22 Ch. 22 Ch. 21 Ch. 19, 23
Ch. 21, 22
Ch. 19
Ch. 22 Ch. 22
Reflected Glare
Design Issues
Direct Glare
Shadows
Outdoor-5

Walkways Water Tanks with Advertising Messages (see Bulletin and Poster Boards) Water and Rock Features Softscape (natural water bodies) Fountains, waterfalls Decorative pools Large natural rock features

(3) (8) Ch. 21, 22, 29 Ch. 22 Ch. 21
Outdoor-6
(3)
B A B A
A B A B
Notes: (a) Low illuminances (less than 30 lux) are given in lux; values greater than 30 lux are given in letter categories. (b) When security is a concern, consult Chapter 29, Emergency, Safety, and Security Lighting, for additional illuminance recommendations. (1) Intersections and conflict zones may require higher illuminances. (2) Lighting must not interfere with visibility for pedestrians, motorists, or boaters. (3) Hazards such as stairs or areas adjacent to bodies of water should be clearly identified and lighted for safety. (4) Illuminances for parking areas listed in Chapter 22, Roadway Lighting. (5) Illuminances for Roadway listed in Chapter 22, Roadway Lighting. (6) Illuminances for Rest Areas listed in Chapter 22, Roadway Lighting. (7) Illuminances for Tunnels listed in Chapter 22, Roadway Lighting. (8) Illuminances for Walkways listed in Chapter 22, Roadway Lighting.
Outdoor-6
Billiards
Basketball Indoor Outdoor
Archery (Indoor) Target at 18.3m Shooting line
Archery (Outdoor) Target at 30.4m Shooting line
Badminton (Indoor)
Baseball Professional (Outdoor) Recreational
IV. SPORTS AND RECREATION LOCATIONS AND TASKS(a)
Design Issues Color Appearance (and Color Contrast) Daylighting Integration and Control Direct Glare Flicker (and Strobe) Light Distribution on Task Plane (Uniformity) Light Pollution/Trespass Luminaire Noise Modeling of Faces or Objects Reflected Glare Shadows
Very Important Important
(1) (1) (2) (2) Sports/Recreation-1
Special Considerations Notes on Special Considerations Illuminance (Horizontal) Category or Value (lux) Illuminance (Vertical) Category or Value (lux)
(b) (b)
Somewhat important Notes on Illuminance see end of section
Blank = Not important or not applicable
Sports/Recreation-1

Bowling (Indoor) Approach Lane Target Bowling, Lawn Boxing and Wrestling Croquet (or Roque) Curling (Hack to Hog) Fencing Football Professional (indoor) Professional (outdoor) Recreational (outdoor) Golf Driving range tee boxes Course tee boxes Fairways Greens Driving range at 183 m Miniature golf Gymnasiums (refer to individual sports listed) Handball Outdoor Hockey, Field Hockey, Ice and Figure Skating (indoor) Hockey, Ice (Outdoor) and Roller Skating Horse Shoes (see Quoits)
Sports/Recreation-2
(3)
(3) (3) (3) (3)
Sports/Recreation-2
Quoits
Lacrosse
Racquetball Indoor
Playgrounds
Horse Shows
Shooting, Indoor Target Shooting line
Racing (Outdoor) Motor Track Bicycle Track Dog Dragstrip
Roque (see Croquet)
Rodeo and Animal Shows
Design Issues Color Appearance (and Color Contrast) Daylighting Integration and Control Direct Glare Flicker (and Strobe) Light Distribution on Task Plane (Uniformity) Light Pollution/Trespass Luminaire Noise Modeling of Faces or Objects Reflected Glare Shadows
(3) (3) (3) Sports/Recreation-3
Special Considerations Notes on Special Considerations Illuminance (Horizontal) Category or Value (lux) Illuminance (Vertical) Category or Value (lux)
(b) (b)
Sports/Recreation-3

Shooting, Outdoor at 45 m Target Shooting line Shuffleboard Indoor Outdoor Skating, Speed Indoor Outdoor Skeet and Trap Targets at 18.3 m Shooting line Skiing Soccer (see Football) Softball Squash Swimming (Water Sports) Indoor on pool deck Outdoor on pool deck Tennis Indoor Outdoor Trap (see Skeet and Trap) Volleyball Indoor Outdoor
Sports/Recreation-4
(3) (3)
Sports/Recreation-4


Very Important Light Distribution on Task Plane (Uniformity) Important Somewhat important
Sports/Recreation-5 Blank = Not important or not applicable Notes on Illuminance see end of section
(b)
(b)
Notes: (a) Criteria are for recreational or lowest classes of play unless otherwise stated. For other classes of play, and for lighting for television cameras for professional or higher classes of play, see Chapter 20, Sports and Recreational Area Lighting (b) All illuminace values for sporting events/activities are found in Chapter 20, Sports and Recreational Area Lighting (1) Vertical illuminance should increase with shooting distance. (2) Infield values (3) Readings taken at grade. All other readings taken at 1 meter (36") above grade.
Luminaire Noise
Reflected Glare
Design Issues
Direct Glare
Shadows
Sports/Recreation-5
V. TRANSPORTATION(a) LOCATIONS AND TASKS
Airports Hangar apron Terminal building apron Parking area Loading area
Aircraft Passenger compartment General Reading (at seat)
Buses (See Road Conveyances)
Rail Conveyances Boarding or exiting Fare box (rapid transit train) Vestibule (commuter and intercity trains) Aisles Advertising cards (rapid transit and commuter trains) Back-lighted advertising cards (rapid transit and commuter trains) 860 cd/m2 (80 cd/ft2) average maximum.
Design Issues Appearance of Space and Luminaires Color Appearance (and Color Contrast) Daylighting Integration and Control Direct Glare Flicker (and Strobe) Light Distribution on Surfaces Light Distribution on Task Plane (Uniformity) Luminances of Room Surfaces Modeling of Faces or Objects Point(s) of Interest Reflected Glare Shadows Source/Task/Eye Geometry Sparkle/Desirable Reflected Highlights Surface Characteristics System Control and Flexibility Special Considerations Notes on Special Considerations Illuminance (Horizontal) Category or Value (lux) A D A A B A Illuminance (Vertical) Category or Value (lux) 3 2 5 A A A A A D
(b) (b)
5 20 10 Ch. 23 Ch. 23 Ch. 23 Ch. 23 Transportation-1
Transportation-1


Transportation-2 Blank = Not important or not applicable Notes on Illuminance see end of section
Light Distribution on Task Plane (Uniformity)
(b)
(b)
Reading (at seat) Rest rooms (intercity train) Dining area (intercity train) Food preparation (intercity train) Lounge (intercity train) General lighting Table games Sleeping car General lighting Normal reading Prolonged reading Road Conveyances Step well and adjacent ground area Fare box General lighting City/intercity buses at city stop Intercity bus at country stop School bus while moving School bus at stops Advertising cards Back-lighted advertising cards (see Rail Conveyances) Reading (at seat) Emergency exit (school bus)
D B D E B D A D E
A A (1) A
Ch. 23 A B A A A B D A A A A A A A D
D A
Reference Chapter(s) Transportation-2
Reflected Glare
Design Issues
Direct Glare
Shadows

Ships Living areas Staterooms and cabins General lighting Reading and writing (see Reading in Section I, Interior) Prolonged seeing (see Reading in Section I, Interior) Baths (general lighting) Mirrors (personal grooming) Barber shop/salon General On subject Day rooms General lighting At desks (see Reading in Section I, Interior) Dining rooms and messrooms Fine dining Coffee shop, cafeteria Snack, fast food Enclosed promenades Night Day Entrances/passageways Night Day Daytime embarkation Gymnasiums Exercise, recreation Hospitals (see Health Care Facilities in Section I, Interior) Dispensary (general lighting) Doctor's office Operating room General lighting Operating table Wards General lighting Critical examination Reading areas Toilets
Transportation-3 Ch. 23
B D D E B
B B C A
(1) (1) (1)
B D E A B A B D D
A C C A A A A B B Ch. 16
D D F G B E D B
B B D E (2, 3) A C A A
Transportation-3
Recreation areas Ballrooms Cocktail lounges Swimming pools General Underwater Theatre or Auditorium (see Theater and Motion Picture House, in Section I, Interior) Navigating areas Chart room General On chart table Gyro room Radar room Radio room Operating areas Passenger foyer Ship's offices General lighting/lobby areas Clerical tasks Wheelhouse, pilothouse, bridge Day, in-port during maintenance Night when underway
Design Issues Appearance of Space and Luminaires Color Appearance (and Color Contrast) Daylighting Integration and Control Direct Glare Flicker (and Strobe) Light Distribution on Surfaces Light Distribution on Task Plane (Uniformity) Luminances of Room Surfaces Modeling of Faces or Objects Point(s) of Interest Reflected Glare Shadows Source/Task/Eye Geometry Sparkle/Desirable Reflected Highlights Surface Characteristics System Control and Flexibility Special Considerations Notes on Special Considerations Illuminance (Horizontal) Category or Value (lux) E D B D B B B B E B B B Illuminance (Vertical) Category or Value (lux) A B C A A A A A (5) (4)
(b) (b)
Ch. 15 Ch. 20 Transportation-4
Transportation-4

Service areas Food preparation
(see Food Service Facilities in Section I, Interior)
Transportation-5 Ch. 13 Ch. 13 Ch. 13
Sculleries
Food storage
Laundries General Machine and press finish, sorting Sewing Lockers Offices General Reading (see Reading in Section I, Interior) Passenger/service counter Storerooms Telephone exchange Operating areas Access and casing Battery room Boiler rooms Cargo handling (weather deck) Control stations (except navigating areas) General Control consoles Gauge and control boards Switchboards Engine rooms Generator/switchboard rooms Fan rooms (ventilation and air conditioning) Motor rooms Motor generator rooms (cargo handling) Pump room Shaft alley Shaft alley escape Steering gear room Windlass rooms
D E F B D D A E B B B B
A C D A A B A C A A A A
D E D D D D B D B D B A D B
B C B B B B A B A B A A B A
Transportation-5


Transportation-6 Blank = Not important or not applicable Notes on Illuminance see end of section
Light Distribution on Task Plane (Uniformity)
(b)
(b)
Workshops ( see Machining in Section II, Industrial) General On bench top Machine shop Cargo holds Safety During cargo handling Passageways and trunks Transportation Terminals Waiting room and lounge Ticket counters Baggage checking Rest rooms Concourse Boarding area Notes:
(6) (6)
D E G A D A
B C E A B A Ch. 23
B E D B A B
A D B D A B
(a) Design issues are listed for room or space. Refer to specfic task under Reading or Graphic Design and Materials, for example, for task design issues and illuminance (b) Low illuminances (less than 30 lux) are given in lux; values greater than 30 lux are given in letter categories.
Reference Chapter(s) Transportation-6
Reflected Glare
Design Issues
Direct Glare
Shadows
Transportation-7
(1) Consider use of heat lamps to keep foods hot. (2) Higher levels of surgical task lighting may be required for special procedures (3) Potential for heat build-up due to high illuminance levels; consider special optics for heat mitigation. (4) Outdoor pools: 600 lamp lm/m2 (60 lamp lm/ft2); indoor pools: 1000 lamp lm/m2 (100 lamp lm/ft2) (5) At night the wheelhouse must be kept as dark as possible to permit visibility of objects on the water, hazards to navigation, and navigational lights. (6) Potential for degradation with selected materials (plastics or adhesives).
Transportation-7

VI. EMERGENCY, SAFETY, AND SECURITY

Very Important Light Distribution on Surfaces Light Distribution on Task Plane (Uniformity) Light Pollution/Trespass Important Somewhat important
Safety/Security-1 Blank = Not important or not applicable
Color Appearance (and Color Contrast) Direct Glare Flicker
(a)
(a)
Emergency Lighting Egress path Areas adj. to egress path Stairwells Exterior path of egress Safety Security, Buildings and Grounds CCTV Surveillance Perimeter Fences for Correctional Facilities Protection of People Residential security Security of property Notes: (a) Low illuminances (less than 30 lux) are given in lux; values greater than 30 lux are given in letter categories.
Ch. 29 10 0.5 10 (1, 2) (2) (2) (1, 2) (2) Ch. 29 Ch. 29 (3) 10 (3, 4) (3) (3) (3)
(1) 10 lx along center of egress path, 1 lx along 1-m band centered on egress path (2) Minimum illuminance for safety are listed in Chapter 29, Emergency, Safety, and Security (3) Illuminances for security are listed in Chapter 29, Emergency, Safety, and Security (4) Two levels of vertical illuminance are required, one for normal operations (10 lx) and one for full-alert operation (50 lx)
Reference chapter(s)
Notes on Illuminance
Reflected Glare
Design Issues
Shadows

IESNA Illuminance Guide

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ILLUMINANCE SELECTION

Quality of the Visual Environment

Figure 10-9. Determination of Illuminance Categories*

Accounting (see Offices)

Art Galleries (see Museums)

Air Terminals (see Transportation Terminals in Section V, Transportation)

IESNA Lighting Design Guide

IESNA Lighting Design Guide

Correctional Facilities Cells Day rooms I. INTERIOR LOCATIONS AND TASKS

Dance Halls/Discotheques Dance halls/discotheques Ballrooms/social events

Corridors (see Service Spaces)

Depots, Terminals, Stations (see Transportation Terminals in Section V, Transportation)

IESNA Lighting Design Guide

IESNA Lighting Design Guide

Ch. 20 F B D A Ch. 20 Ch. 13 Ch. 18 B B A Ch. 29

I. INTERIOR LOCATIONS AND TASKS

Filing (see Offices and Reading)

Fire Stations (see Municipal Buildings - Police and Fire)

IESNA Lighting Design Guide

IESNA Lighting Design Guide

(10) (10) (10) (10) (10) (10)

(10) (10) (10) (10) (10) (10)

IESNA Lighting Design Guide

Interior-7 Blank = Not important or not applicable

Notes on Illuminance - see end of section

Color Appearance (and Color Contrast)

Sparkle/Desirable Reflected Highlights

Appearance of Space and Luminaires

Daylighting Integration and Control

Notes on Special Considerations

Luminances of Room Surfaces

System Control and Flexibility

Light Distribution on Surfaces

Modeling of Faces or Objects

Category or Value (lux)

Category or Value (lux)

(10) (10) (10) (10) (10)

Flicker (and Strobe)

IESNA Lighting Design Guide

C E F (10) (10) (10) F G G G E D E B A E D D D D D E G E A A

(10) (10) (10) (10) (10)

(10) (10) (10)

(10) (10) (10)

I. INTERIOR LOCATIONS AND TASKS

IESNA Lighting Design Guide

IESNA Lighting Design Guide

I. INTERIOR LOCATIONS AND TASKS

IESNA Lighting Design Guide

IESNA Lighting Design Guide

Ch. 17, 21 D E E E E E E E A C C C C C C C Ch. 13 Ch. 11 F D D

(7) (7) (7) (7) (7) (7)

I. INTERIOR LOCATIONS AND TASKS

Parking Facilities (see Section III, Outdoor)

IESNA Lighting Design Guide

IESNA Lighting Design Guide

Interior-14 Ch. 11, 12

IESNA Lighting Design Guide

Interior-15 Blank = Not important or not applicable

Notes on Illuminance - see end of section

Color Appearance (and Color Contrast)

Sparkle/Desirable Reflected Highlights

Appearance of Space and Luminaires

Daylighting Integration and Control