TALL BUILDING STRUCTURES: ANALYSIS AND DESIGN ANTERSCIENCE PUBLICATION JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC. New York * Chichester * Brisbane + Toronto * Singaporetechaoiogy will enable ox wotts of endaring scholly vale Ta pon at long 4 recognition ofthe imponunee of preserving what has been len. isa policy of John Wiey & Sons. Ins fave books, ‘of encurng value published i he United States pried or acid-fee paper. and we exer ou best effort tha ed ‘Sepssigin © 1991 oy sonn Wiley & Sot. nc. All rights reserved, Pubhed sinwlaneousy in Cunads Reproduction or tanslaton of any part this work beyond tat permitted by Secon 107 or 108 ofthe 1976 United States Cepynght Ac wahout tke permission ofthe copyright ouner is unlwil. Requests for emission or fender infomation shouldbe adetesed to ‘the Pemnissons Depanmen. Jobs Wiley & Sonn Ine Library of Congress Ctaoging i Pablcation Daa: Sta’ Stith Bryan, Tal ulding ructure: lis and design nan Saford Smith. ten Cul Bon. “A Wily-Imersceneepublicton“ Includes bisliograpicalreternce. {spy 0471—$1257-0 1. Tall buldings-Design an cor ngineeting. 1. Coull, Alen 4. Tie THIOIL.S59_ 1991 708620 0.13007 cp Printed and bound inthe United Stet of Amica Wysr6sa3 To Beny and FrancesPREFACE ‘This book is the indirect outcome of 25 years of research on tll building structures by the two authors. It began with their liaison in the mid-1960s at the University ‘of Southampron, England, and tas since continued in their respective Universities, of Surrey, McGill, Strathclyde, and Glasgow. At the commencement of the period, the evolution of nidically new structural forms gave great stimulus to devising appropriate methods of analysis. In the sue- ceeding quarter-century there have been great advances in the design and construc- tion of tall buildings throughout the world, and in the associsted development of analytical techniques. In the early days, approximate techniques were being devised for specific, largely two-dimensional, structural forms, and the analysis of complex three-di- ‘mensional systems represented a formidable challenge. Since then, there have been significant advances in both computer hardware and software: the power of com- puters has increased dramatically, and a large number of comprehensive general purpose analysis programs have been developed, based on the stiffness method of, ‘analysis. In principle a least, itis now theoretically possible to analyze accurately Virtually any complex elastic structure, the only constraints being the capacity of the available computer, time, and cos. However, the great power of this analytical facility has 1o be handled judi- ciously. Real building structures are s0 complex that even an elaborate computa- tional model will bea considerable simplification, and the resuits from an analysis will always be approximate, being at best only as good asthe cuality ofthe chosen ‘model and method of analysis. It is thus imperative to be able to devise an ana- Iytical mocel of the real structure that will represent an predict with appropriate accuracy, and as efficienlly and economically as possible, the response of the building to the anticipated forces. Models required for the early stages of design will often be of a different, lower level of sophistication than those for checking the final design. The task of siructural modeling is arguably the most difficult one facing the sinictural enalyst, requiring critical judgment and a sound knowledge of the struc- tural behavior of tll building components and assemblies. Also, the resulting data from the analysis mast be interpreted end appraised with discemment for use with the ral stricture, in oner to serve as a reasonable basis for making design deci- ‘The rapid advances in the pest quarter-century have slowed up, and the era is now one of consolidation and utilization of research findings. However, the ma