Variable:

Definition: A characteristic, number, or quantity that increases or decreases over time, or takes different values in different situations. (www.businessdictionary.com)

Types of variable:
There are three types of variables; Dependent variables Independent variables Contingency variables

Dependent variables The variable being measured as an outcome of the service learning experience is called dependent variables. It also called outcome, response, or explained variable. (www.servicelearning.org) Independent variables A variable that is selected or controlled by the researcher, to determine its relationship to the observed outcome of the research is called independent variables. It also called control, explanatory, predictor, or manipulated variable. (www.servicelearning.org) Contingency variables A variable that affects the direction or strength of the relationship between the independent and dependent variables is called contingency variable. May be qualitative (such as student gender, type of community organization, or type of college) or quantitative (e.g., number of service visits). (www.servicelearning.org)

Examples:
Statement # 1 Co-education leads to better performance of male and female students, if there would be no harassment at universities. Independent variables___ Co-education

Dependent variables___ Better performance of male and female students Contingency variables___ No harassment at universities.

Statement # 2 Teaching method increases attention of students, if teachers are more efficient. Independent variables___ Teaching method Dependent variables___ Increases attention of students Contingency variables___ Teachers are more efficient

Statement # 3 Increase in salary increase job satisfaction of young employees. Independent variables___ Increase in salary Dependent variables___ Increase job satisfaction Contingency variables___ Young employees

Statement # 4 Transfer of HIV through reuse of injection increase in spreading AIDS. Dependent variables___ Spreading AIDS Independent variables___ Transfer of HIV Contingency variables___ Through reuse of injection

Statement # 5 Advertisement increases sales, if customers aware from products. Dependent variables___ Increases sales Independent variables___ Advertisement Contingency variables___ customers aware from product

Academically or socially program increases social skills of students, if they are oriented in schools every year. Dependent variables___ Increases social skills of students Independent variables___ Academically or socially program Contingency variables___ Oriented in schools every year

Statement # 7 Democracy is good form of government, if it is properly adopted in Pakistan. Dependent variables___ Good form of government Independent variables___ Democracy Contingency variables___ Properly adopted in Pakistan

Statement # 8 Islamic Shariah reduces crime, if it is in truly adopted Pakistan. Dependent variables___ Reduces crime Independent variables___ Islamic Shariah Contingency variables___ Truly adopted Pakistan

Statement # 9 Paracetamol cause death, if 20 tablets were took at a time. Dependent variables___ Cause death Independent variables___ Paracetamol Contingency variables___ 20 tablets were took at a time

Statement # 10 Students perform better in their own selected education program, if their parents agree with their decision. Dependent variables___ Students perform better Independent variables___ Selected education program Contingency variables___ Parents agree with their decision