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appropriate fresh medium and space. lines differ from cell strains in that they have escaped the Hayflick limit and become immortalised. Somespecies, particularly rodents, give rise to lines relatively easily, whereas other species do not. No cell lineshave been produced from avian tissues and the establishment of cell lines from human tissue is difficult. Many cell biologists would consider that a cell line is by definition already abnormal and that it is on the waytowards becoming the culture equivalent of a neoplastic cell.
WHAT IS A CELL LINE? A cell line is a product of immortal cells that are used for biological research. Cells used for cell lines are immortal, that happens if a cell is cancerous. The cells can perpetuate division indefinitely which is unlike regular cells which can only divide approximately 50 times. These cells are 'useful' for experimentation in labs as they are always available to researchers as a product and do not require what is known as 'harvesting' (the acquiring of tissue from a host) every time cells are needed in the lab.
Acquiring Cell Lines You may establish your own culture from primary cells, or you may choose to buy established cell cultures from commercial or non-profit suppliers (i.e., cell banks). Reputable suppliers provide high quality cell lines that are carefully tested for their integrity and to ensure that the culture is free from contaminants. We advise against borrowing cultures from other laboratories because they carry a high risk of contamination. Regardless of their source, make sure that all new cell lines are tested for mycoplasma contamination before you begin to use them. Invitrogen offers a variety of primary cultures and established cell lines, reagents, media, sera, and growth factors for your cell culture experiments.
Appropriate for cells adapted to suspension culture and a few other cell lines that are nonadhesive (e.g., hematopoietic)
Requires periodic passaging, but allows easy visual inspection under inverted microscope
Easier to passage, but requires daily cell counts and viability determination to follow growth patterns; culture can be diluted to stimulate growth
Growth is limited by concentration of cells in the medium, which allows easy scale-up
Can be maintained in culture vessels that are not tissue-culture treated, but requires agitation (i.e., shaking or stirring) for adequate gas exchange
Used for cytology, harvesting products continuously, and many research applications
Used for bulk protein production, batch harvesting, and many research applications