JENINA F DIZON BT701A-PHILGOV Research the following Filipino Revolts: Filipino revolts against the Spanish colonizers were

mostly triggered by the forced labor imposed by the Spaniards, and the abuses done by Spanish officials and friars. a. Magat Salamat The TondoConspiracy 1587-1588, Cause: Regaining lost freedom, effect: failed because of Antonio Surabao. He was the one who informed the authorities. The governor-general immediately ordered the arrest of all persons involved inthe plot. All were investigated, tried, and suffered cruel punishment includingexecution. (b. 1550 - d. 1595) was one of the sons of Lakandula. He was the Muslim Chief of Tondo, before the Spaniards came to Manila. He was one of the participants of theTondo Conspiracy which was discovered by the Spaniards. Magat was only a little boy when the Spaniards came and conquered Manila. He saw how they burned their houses when his father led a resistance against the Spaniards. This was remembered until he was capable of avenging. Magat Salamat is the son of Lakandula. He continued his father's work against the Spaniards but sadly he was killed by his friend. It happened on 1587-1588 in Central Luzon. b. Lakandula In 1571, Rajah Lakandula, the native Muslim ruler of Tondo, made a pact withMiguel Lopez de Legaspi to submit his land to him and to hand over his thronewhich led to Manila being the capital of the Spanish colony. When a Chinesepirate named Limahong planned to conquer Manila, Lakandula helped resistthe attack. Rajah Lakandula was a native Muslim king of an area north of the Pasig River in Manila when the Spaniards started colonizing the Philippines. His name is frequently associated with two other Muslim leaders of the same era: Rajah Soliman and Rajah Matanda. Lakan Dula or Rajah Lakandula (b. early 16th century - d. 1575) was the great ruler of the Muslim community along the Pasig River during the arrival of the Spaniards in the Philippines. A native of Tondo, then known as Tondok, he was a descendant of the king of Namayan who lived about a two centuries earlier than him. The title, Lakan, is the Kapampangan equivalent of Rajah.

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Francisco Dagohoy (c. Mid-18th century) He led the longest revolt in Bohol against the Spaniards. The immediate cause of the revolt was the refusal of a Jesuit priest to give a Christian burial to Dagohoy's brother. The Spaniards needed 85 years before they were able to suppress the rebellion. It was only in 1829 that they finally succeeded in bringing to end the revolt started by Dagohoy. Dagohoys Rebellion 1744-1829, cause: revenge for the death of his brother Sagarino; effect: defeated by Captain Manuel Sanzs expedition and surrendered to Governor Heneral Ricafort Diego Silang Silang Revolt from 1762 to 1763, led by the couple of Diego and GabrielaSilang. Unlike the other revolts, this revolt took place during the Britishinvasion of Manila. On December 14, 1762, Diego Silang declared the independence of Ilocandia,naming the state "Free Ilocos" and proclaimed Vigan the capital of this newly-independent state. The British heard about this revolt in Manila and even askedthe help of Silang in fighting the Spanish. However, Silang was killed on May 28, 1763 by Miguel Vicos, a friend of Silang.The Spanish authorities paid for his murder, leading to his death in the arms of his wife, Gabriela. She continued her husband's struggle, earning the title"Joan of Arc of the Ilocos" because of her many victories in battle. The battles of the Silang revolt are a prime example of the use of divide et impera, sinceSpanish troops largely used Kampampangan soldiers to fight the Ilocanos.Eventually, the revolt ended with the defeat of the Ilocanos. Gabriela Silang wasexecuted by Spanish authorities in Vigan on September 10, 1763. Diego Silang y Andaya (December 16, 1730 May 28, 1763) was a revolutionary leader who conspired with British forces to overthrow Spanish rule in the northern Philippines and establish an independent Ilocano nation. His revolt was fueled by grievances stemming from Spanish taxation and abuses, and by his belief in self-government, that the administration and leadership of the Roman Catholic Church and government in the Ilocos be invested in trained Ilocano officials. Born in Aringay, Pangasinan (an area in present-day Caba or Aringay, La Union), Silang's mother was Ilocano; his father was Pangasinense. Young Diego worked as a messenger for a local Castilian priest in Vigan, Ilocos Sur. Bright, passionate, and fluent in Spanish, he ferried correspondence from the Ilocos to Manila; journeys that gave him his first glimpse of colonial injustice and that planted the seed of rebellion. Diego Silangs uprising(1762-1763) Pangasinan, Ilocos, Cagayan. Cause: denied demands of Diego Silang to the Spaniards to ablish polo and tribute; effect: Diego was assassinated. Hermano Pule/ Apolinario Dela Cruz Revolt 1840-1841, Sariaya Talabas, cause: Tayabas Regiment; effect: due to the superior firepower of the Spanish troops aided by Filipinos who were loyal to the oppresors. Apolinario de la Cruz ( Hermano Pule ) was born on July 22, 1814 in Barrio Pandc in the town of Lucban in Tayabas Province (now Quezon). In 1829, , he decided to become a priest and tried to join the Dominican

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Order in Manila. During these times, Roman Catholic religious orders were closed for native people (indios). Apolinario decided to work at San Juan de Dios Hospital. During this time, he studied the Bible and other religious writings. In 1832, de la Cruz founded the Cofradia de San Jos (Confraternity of St. Joseph), composed of indios. He was known to his followers as:" Hermano Pule". The Filipino brotherhood fostered a practice of Christian virtues. The Cofradia prohibited Spaniards and mestizos from joining without de la Cruz's permission. After the attack Hermano Pule fled to Barrio Ibanga but was captured by authorities the following evening, and on November 4, 1841 he was executed by a firing squad at the town of Tayabas. After he was killed, the authorities cut off his head and placed it on a stake.

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Magalat Magalats Revolt 1596, Cagayan; cause: forced labor; effect: failed because Magalat was killed by the hired assassins. The Magalat Revolt was an uprising in the Philippines in 1596, led by Magalat, a Filipino rebel from Cagayan. He had been arrested in Manila for inciting rebellion against the Spanish, and after he was released on the importunities of some Dominican priests, he returned to Cagayan. Together with his brother, he incited the whole country to revolt. He was said to have committed atrocities upon his fellow natives for refusing to rise up against the Spaniards. He soon controlled the countryside, and the Spanish eventually found themselves besieged. He was believed to have committedcrimes upon his fellow natives for refusing to defend them against theSpaniards. He soon gained control over the countryside and the Spanisheventually laid siege to Malagat and his fellows

Enumerate the factors that causes for the rise of Filipino Nationalism and be able to explain each.

Define and differentiate Nationalism from Patriotism and Martyr Nationalism a belief in the oneness of the Filipino citizenry, a belief in their common goals as a people, a belief that the ultimate goal of human society (regardless of the socioeconomic and political systems or forms used) is the satisfaction of basic human needs and the attainment or fulfillment of the "human potential" (based on the human hierarchy of needs) and human dignity The term nationalism is generally used to describe two phenomena: (1) the attitude that the members of a nation have when they care about their national identity, and (2) the actions that the members of a nation take when seeking to achieve (or sustain) self-determination. (1) raises questions about the concept of a nation (or national identity), which is often defined in terms of common origin, ethnicity, or cultural ties, and while an individual's membership in a nation is often regarded as involuntary, it is sometimes regarded as voluntary. (2) raises questions about whether selfdetermination must be understood as involving having full statehood with complete authority over domestic and international affairs, or whether something less is required. loyalty and devotion to a nation; especially : a sense of national consciousness exalting one nation above all others and placing primary emphasis on promotion of its culture and interests as opposed to those of other nations or supranational groups unity, commonality of race, social practices and cultural traits, there is intense love and loyalty for the group; belongs to a single country, united under a single government

Patriotism can be defined as love of one's country, identification with it, and special concern for its well-being and that of compatriots.

Martyr (witness) a person who voluntarily suffers death as the penalty of witnessing to and refusing to renounce a religion a person who sacrifices something of great value and especially life itself for the sake of principle is somebody who suffers persecution and death for refusing to renounce, or accept, a belief or cause, usually religious. meaning witness, was used in the secular sphere as well as in the New Testament of the Bible. The process of bearing witness was not intended to lead to the death of the witness, although it is known from ancient writers (e.g. Josephus) and from the New Testament that witnesses often died for their testimonies.

Lord Acton contrasted nationality and patriotism as affection and instinct vs. a moral relation. Nationality is our connection with the race that is merely natural or physical, while patriotism is the awareness of our moral duties to the political community (Acton 1972, 163). In the 20 th century, Elie Kedourie did the opposite, presenting nationalism as a full-fledged philosophical and political doctrine about nations as basic units of

humanity within which the individual can find freedom and fulfilment, and patriotism as mere sentiment of affection for one's country (Kedourie 1985, 7374). Lord Acton contrasted nationality and patriotism as affection and instinct vs. a moral relation. Nationality is our connection with the race that is merely natural or physical, while patriotism is the awareness of our moral duties to the political community (Acton 1972, 163). In the 20 th century, Elie Kedourie did the opposite, presenting nationalism as a full-fledged philosophical and political doctrine about nations as basic units of humanity within which the individual can find freedom and fulfilment, and patriotism as mere sentiment of affection for one's country (Kedourie 1985, 7374). Both patriotism and nationalism involve love of, identification with, and special concern for a certain entity. In the case of patriotism, that entity is one's patria, one's country; in the case of nationalism, that entity is one's natio, one's nation (in the ethnic/cultural sense of the term). Thus patriotism and nationalism are understood as the same type of set of beliefs and attitudes, and distinguished in terms of their objects, rather than the strength of those beliefs and attitudes, or as sentiment vs. theory.

Sources: http://www.scribd.com/doc/50195978/FILIPINO-REVOLT http://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php?title=Magat_Salamat http://tagaloglang.com/Famous-Filipinos/Leaders/rajah-lakandula-muslim-king.html http://park.org/Philippines/centennial/heroes12.htm http://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php?title=Rajah_Lakandula http://www.scribd.com/doc/34174875/Filipino-Uprisings http://www.watawat.net/hermano_pule_and_the_cofraria_de_san_jose.html http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/ http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/nationalism