Definition of Translation

Translation is the replacement of textual material in one language (SL) by equivalent textual material in another language (TL). (Catford, 1969:20)

" Translation is the replacement of textual material in one language (source language) with equivalent textual material drawing this other language (target language). "

Translation consists of reproducing in the receptor language the closest natural equivalence of the source language message, first in terms of meaning and secondly in terms of style. (Nida and Taber, 1969:12) "The translation is to produce the closest natural equivalent of the source language message into the language of the recipient, the first and second in terms of meaning in terms of style."

Translation is a process of finding a TL equivalent for a SL utterance. (Pinchuck, 1977:38)

"Translation is a process to find the target language equivalent to the statement of the source language."

Translation is the rendering of a source language (SL) text into the target language (TL) so as to ensure that (1) the surface meaning of the two will be approximately similar and (2) the structure of the SL will be preserved as closely as possible, but not so closely that the TL structures will be seriously distorted (Mc.Guire, 1980:2) "Translation is the interpreting the source language text into the target language in order to (1) assure that the meaning out of both languages are the same and (2) ensure that the composition of the source language is maintained as closely as possible, but not so close as to make the composition of the target language to be very not clear. "

Translation is a craft consisting in the attempt to replace a written message and/or statement in one language by the same message and/or statement in another language. (Newmark, 1981:7)

"Translation is a skill that involves replacing the message or statement written in a language with a message or a similar statement in another language."

Translation is the general term referring to the transfer of thoughts and ideas from one language (source) to another (target), whether the languages are in written or oral form; whether the languages have established orthographies or do not have such standardization or whether one or both languages is based on signs, as with sign languages of the deaf (Brislin, 1976)

"Translation is a general term that refers to the transfer of thoughts and ideas from a source language into target language, either written or spoken language; either one or both orthographic form or do not have such standards, or either one or both shaped signs, such as language deaf people. "

I see translation as the attempt to produce a text so transparent that it does not seem to be translated. (Venuti, 1991:1)
" I understand the translation as an attempt to produce a transparent text so the text does not appear as a translation. "

Referensi Bell, Roger T., (1993). Translation and Translating : Theory and Practice, London: Longman, 2ed. Eugene. A. Nida and Charles R. Taber (1969), The Theory and Practice of Translation. Leiden: E.J Brill. J.C Catford (1965) A Linguistics Theory of Translation, Oxford: Oxford University Press. Newmark, Peter (1981) Approach to Translation. Oxford: Pergamon Press, Ltd. Pinchuck, Isadore, (1977) Scientific and Technical Translation. London : Andre Deutsch Savory, Theodore (1969) The Art of Translation. London: Jonathan Cape. Venuti, Lawrence (1991) Translation Invisibility. Englishindo.com ( Referensi Bahasa Inggris ) Englishigh.blogspot.com

Definition of Translation

Ali Athi Ullah V/PBI F 59430711

INSTITUT AGAMA ISLAM NEGERI SYEKH NURJATI CIREBON 2011