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The Banhatti co-operative spinning mill ltd is located at Banhatti in the area of Basavanagar, District Bagalkot. To help the person engaged in weaving profession and who are under clutches of master weavers exploited by vested interest and to bring outlook in the prosperity & working of the farmer. The Government sectioned on lease basic 50 acres of land, out of this Mill has got permission of 18 acres of in forest near Banahatti. The said land is situated on Banhatti Jamkhandi road & state highway at Bijapur to Belgaum. Expected cost of land after necessary development and levelling land lying of internal roads and finance did not exceed Rs.45 lakhs. In 1980-81 the construction of the building was started and it was completed in 1984. Actual production of the Mill started in March 1984. The study was conducted in the prestigious organization, which is basically producing yarn of various counts. The main reason of the study is to fulfill the academic requirement and at the same time inform an individual about the functioning of the organization and also to know the working capital of the organisation. In this study I found out working capital changes and working capital ratio of the organisation based on that I haven given the suggestion to the organisation. The Mill was making very good profit at the beginning; it has been incurring loss previously.
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Primary data: - The data has been collected through questionnaire to all department managers.
Secondary data: - The project report data is collected through the journals of the company, magazines, and reference books.
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o Analysis of the data collected from the questions will be made on the assumptions that data provided by the respondents are accurate.
o Time period for the study will be restricted only for 60 days.
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To know the working capital of the mill, source of capital and how they manage it.
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TABLE OF CONTENT
Sl. No. PARTICULARS Page No
INTRODUCTION
PROFILES
BACKGROUND
CONCLUSION
BIBLIOGRAPHY
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In the general scenario where you hear at only a failure in the operative sectors. But weavers spinning mill at BNT is an exception. The Mill has been doing so well. The commercial production of cotton yarn of the Banhatti Co-Operative Spinning Mill Ltd is likely to be commenced during the second week of April 1984 and that a souvenir will be brought to mark the occasion. It is needless to say that there is still a need for the creation of such Mill on cooperative basis to help persons engaged in the profession and who are under clutches of master of weavers exploited by their interest. It was established for the need of its 3549 members in JAMKHANDI & MUDHOL Taluk in the district BAGALKOT. These weavers earlier depend upon the Mills of Salem, Inchalkaranji for raw-material like yarn & cotton as the supply was inadequate but now it is Gokak This Banhatti Co-Operative Spinning Mill Ltd has completed its project and it was inaugurated by Sri Ramakrishna Hegde, Honourable Chief Minister Govt of Karnataka. The Agro based Industries are the most famous in order to rise their standard of living. The spinning Mill is one of them which is helping the cotton growers to raise their standard of living & to improve their economic condition from centuries together the cotton growers, one suffering by the middlemen who are purchasing the cotton on throw way price, but now after commencing of this spinning Mill the cotton growers can get reasonable price for their production. Thus was born the idea of starting the spinning Mill of their own. Construction began in1981 & completed in 1984, Commercial production began in the same year from March; the Mill has been undertaken manufacturing of hosiery yarn. The Mill has laboratory & testing equipment to grade cotton yarn. Strict control has earned its reputation not only in India but also in abroad, in Italy, Bangladesh & West Germany except to these countries accounted for Rs. 196.52 lakhs in 1988-89. It also Babasabpatilfrepptmba.com Page 8
HISTORY
Industrialization plays a major role in all around development of under developed countries like INDIA. Small scale & cottage industries have assumed great importance in India from point of view of employment and contribution to national wealth. Small industry is a big movement in India is hand- loom sector of textile industry. The Banhatti Cooperative spinning mill limited was set up in the field of cooperative and under the Karnataka State cooperative societies act 1959. The mill was registered in the year 1975 and the actual functioning of the mill was started in the year 1983. The working of the society was extended up to the JAMKHANDI & MUDHOL Taluk of BAGALKOT. The Karnataka Govt has provided 50 acres of land for 30 years period to the society the lease basis. The construction work of the Mill begins in the year 1984. Due to constructors litigation, there was delay in the work. The production of the yarn was initiated with 15080 spindles. The Mill purchases raw material i.e., cotton from local market i.e., JAMKHANDI MUDHOL and GOKAK Taluk. It also purchases cotton of different quality from Saudatti, Bailhongal, Dharwad & Nargund & Hirekerur. Other than these the Mill also purchases cotton from Maharashtra, Gujarat & Tamil Nadu states. The Mill has its marketing centres in Malegoan, Dahlai, Bombay and Inchalkaranji. The Banhatti Co-Operative Spinning Mill Ltd was registered under Registration No. JRBG/3254/785 Dated: 03-02-1975 as Handloom weavers co-operative society. The object of the society was to produce yarn & further process like dyeing, sizing, cloth production & readymade etc. After registration it has taken almost 5 years to get clearance from Karnataka Babasabpatilfrepptmba.com Page 9
o To improve the economic condition of the members in relation to weaving, colouring, bleaching, mercerizing, & manufacturing of cloths etc, and providing in reasonable rate to its members. o The Mill has the objectives of idea for the expansion programs with increases in number of spindles and replacing the old machines with new and highly mechanized machines. o As the main objective of the Mill is to provide labour welfare facilities so it has set up own credit society, through which daily requirement of the workers of the Mill at reasonable rate of interest. o To help the cotton growers to raise their standard of living. o For the improvement and the well being of the people of the low income groups the Mill has encouraged women workers by providing work in them.
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COMPANY PROFILE
Name of the organisation: Address of the organisation: Banhatti cooperative spinning mill ltd, BANAHATTI Banhatti cooperative spinning mill ltd, BANAHATTI, Basavanagar, Taluk Jamkhandi, district Bagalkot. Name of the chairman: Name of managing director: Management control: Shri G.D. Bhadrannawar. Shri V.B. Kamlapur. Board of the director nominated by the government of Karnataka. Constitute: Process know how: Wholly owned by the board of directors This mill is a pioneer in the manufacturing of various yarn products and there is no need of import any process know how it is not collaborated with other company Proposed products: Cotton yarn in the form of hank and cone, carded yarn and combed yarn E-mail: Fax: Phone: bcsm21@sancharnet.in 08353- 230316 08353-230013, 230362, 230237
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AWARDS
The Mill has been awarded by All India Co-operative Spinning Society for the production of good quality yarn in the year 1986-87. The all India federation of co-operative spinning mill ltd (aifcospin) for profitability Net profit (1991-92) For earning net profit on each spindle it received award from All India Federation Bombay.
In the year 1992-1993 it received the Best Performance Award from Karnataka State.
The Small and Medium size Export Council of India; Delhi awarded the society by Niryat Ratna by presenting a gold medal in the year 1995.
Karnataka government for best performance in a co-operative sector spinning mill (2000-2001) Karnataka government for best performance in a co-operative sector spinning mill (2001-2002)
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PRODUCT PROFILES
The Mill is producing cotton yarn in the form of Hank & Cone. Hanks are packed in the bales and cones are packed in the cone bags for the marketing purpose, there are two types of cone. 1) Kg Cone 2) Baby Cone
Hanks & Cones are further divided in the carded & combed yarn. Carded yarn is less superior compared to combed yarn. Carded yarn is used for weft combed yarn is used for warp, the yarn is further divided on the basis of counts one count is equal to 840 yards of yarn. There are different types of yarn, 1. Carded Yarn --------------K
2. Combed Yarn
--------------- C
3. Carded Hosiery
--------------- KHY
6. Export Yarn
---------------- EXP
7. Doubled Yarn
----------------
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OE.
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Store Department
Marketing Department
Finance Department
Purchase Department
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MATERIAL DEPARTMENT
Proper buying of material, merchandise and procurement of material at the right time is of great importance in any business. Therefore, keeping views prominence for the purchase of material in setting up a separate department known as Material Department
While considering Material Department, in this mill material department is held by three executives who look after the day to day activities and transaction. It is the main duty of the material executive to forecast the overall material required by the organisation for the particular year, month and season.
This department at BCSM LTD ensures that material are obtained at right time with right quantity of right quality , at right place, from right source and at right cost.
The material department at BCSM LTD has been divided into four sections,
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STORE DEPARTMENT
Goods should be stored properly so as to protect them from damages, deterioration, theft, etc. Hence care should be taken to safeguard the material and maintain up to stores record.
Receipt of goods in to store department Production and prevention of material Issue of material to required department Maintain proper record Checking the purchase order in respect of quality of material received
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Here store ledger account can be maintained to receive the goods on FIFO basis. The stores department will request the material department to place an order when there is no stock of raw material asked by the user department. The material department sends the copy of purchase order to the stores department and they meet according to the user specification, and prepare the goods received report.
Bin card. Stores ledger. Goods received report. GRN (goods received note). SRIN (stores requisition issue note). Delivery note. Purchase indent. Page 22
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Production department
The production department is the nerves centre of the entire organisation, and the main objectives of the production department are as follows:
To maintain close and coordinate relationship with all other key department
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TV 425
Production process
Mixing:
In this process different quality of cotton is mixed in order to reduce the cost of production and maintaining good quality control. Here mixing can be done as 95% and only 5% of mixed or low quality cotton.
Blow room:
This is the second process of production in which the raw material i.e. cotton is opened, cleaned and lap is formed. Each lap is of 60 meter length, 17 kg weight. It is the purification section.
In blow room there are various steps in cleaning the cotton: Bale opener Maxi flow Multi mixer Asta CVT 1 CVT 2 Babasabpatilfrepptmba.com Page 25
Carding:
In this stage the lap is more cleaned and the cleaned cotton is converted in to slivers look, here also there is 5% waste, so to remove that waste the cotton is taken to carding department.
Draw Frame:
In draw frame 4 slivers makes it to 1 sliver, 8 slivers is converted into 1 sliver by which the length of the sliver increases and diameter decreases.
Combing:
Under this stage of combing, 38 slivers are converted to one ribbon roll further the ribbon are combed to remove the dust. While combing the short fibers are separated from the ribbon roll and are given less count. The ribbon roll takes the forms of slivers.
Speed frame:
In this speed frame the slivers are converted into rolling in speed frame there are 3 processes. Those are as follows Drafting, Twisting and Winding.
Ring Frame:
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Reeling:
It is the process of reeling the yarn which is further converted in to Hank
Winding:
Here in winding there are two processes.
Cone winding: In cone winding also the yarn is twisted and winded in clockwise and anticlockwise so that yarn will be thick. Each cone will be of 1 kg in weight.
Doubling:
Here the two thin yarns makes one single thin yarn twisted and winded. Babasabpatilfrepptmba.com Page 27
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COTTON DEPARTMENT
This is yet another department of BCSM & it is very specific department which is leaded by the three important executive who look after all the day to day transaction & also has the responsibility of providing of cotton bales according to their requirement of the production.
Purchasing of cotton:
In case of BCSM purchasing of cotton is done with a requirement of production department. The process is as follows:
Testing of samples Identifying results of different parameters Ordering to partier Testing the raw material and also weighing with compare to first one
Types of purchase:
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Spot payments get 1.5% discounts Mill payment get 70% for 10 days 30% for 30 days
And payments for transportation are done by telegraphic transfer and demand draft. The purchase of cotton is done by the purchase committee also where committees organises once in a week % discuss about bales minimum stock presence and exhausting.
Laboratory
Cotton investigator controller tests the quality of the cotton in the laboratory. It is one of the departments in the spinning mill, which is used for achieving some objectives in the yarn.
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Marketing department
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Marking department is headed by marketing in-charge, who sets the programmes required for the marketing and executes in accordingly to the orders. Marketing manager receives advice and orders from the designer who sets long term programmes of marketing
Marketing system
1. Local sales Cotton yarn is sold to local handloom co-operative societys weaver member through co-operative society and the payment is collected by cheque.
2. Marketing agent Through marketing agent, cotton yarn are sold X-mill delivery basis against payment by cash/ DD/ Contract cannot be cancelled because contract is binding on both side i.e. Seller and buyer. Marketing agent is in the area of INCHALAKARA NJI, SOLAPUR.
3. Consignment Mill appoints consignment agent. Goods are transferred or dispatch to the consignment agent with prior intimation by raising stock transfer provision invoice and on receipt of the goods by consignment agent there after goods will be sold by agent.
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5. Production planning At present mill is manufacturing 40,s count to 100,s count in single / double yarn carded/ combed / and hank/ cone yarn mercer iced yarn also. Production planning is decided on the basis of the demands of the all marketing centres.
6. Price fixation Selling price is fixed by the executive committee in the first week of every month. Sales department collects all the information of the markets and suggests the rates to the committee; the committee will discuss and fix the selling price.
7. Major competitors Gadag Co-Operative Textiles Mill Ltd. South Indian Popular Mills. Laxmi Mill. Premier Mill. Precaut Mill. Page 33
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o Sponsoring and conducting social activities for the ladies. o Conducting medical camps for the employees and their departments. o Conducting seminars sports even for the children of the employee, which is oe of the appreciable element.
o o
Individual development. Desirable working relationship between the employer & employee.
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TOTAL
668
DUTIES OF HR MANAGER
o Conduct the following aptitude test for each worker. a) Finger dexterity b) Manual dexterity c) Eye sight d) Height & weight e) Stamina test
o Labour officer should examine a trainee. If it is reported that the workers efficiency is less in giving production. o SITRA norms should to apply to the work. o Organising of the training cell. o He will supervise the part time teachers job. o Solving the employees family / personnel problem by councelling o Record of the trainees along with exercise books & the exams results should be maintained. o Maintaining good relation with the other departments o Labour officer should hold the meeting of spinning master, managing director & training officer at periodical internal to review the training. o Submission of periodic information of labourers to Managing Director.
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External Sources Campus recruitment Reference to employee exchange Contract with present employees Here in BCSM Ltd mainly recruitment & selection are made on the sources that in internal only by motivating the employees & in the external sources they only go for Doorto-Door selection & recruitment.
1) ASSEMBLING PROCESS Assembling the vacancies arise only when the workers are shortage in the factory. Then the labour officer inform to the Board of Directors on the request of the labour officer the Board of Directors give right to labour officer to appoint the needed workers. 2) INTERVIEWING THE CANDIDATES Babasabpatilfrepptmba.com Page 40
TRAINING
It is the process of imparting the employees technical and operating skill and knowledge. The BCSM has been conducted training programmes by inviting the training officers from the SITRA [South Indian Textile Research Association] & also it has appointed managers and officers. Selected candidates who do not have the required experience shall be given requisite training in the organisation for a period of one year. This appointment in the regular scale attached to the post will be made after satisfactory completion of the training. Especially the SITRAs training is required for those who directly contact with the machines for producing good quality of product (Yarn).
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should be adopted about this training will be given for the employee working in the Mill. b) Work practices to be carried out in the department In this system the worker should be trained about what type of the work practices is required in carryout in each department.
2) OFF THE JOB TRAINING In this type training is given mainly for those who are quite educated i.e. a) Work method in the department It consists of the worker trained about using the correct method in each working process in the different department like production, Material handling, packing, etc. b) Importance of productivity, production, quality, waste level Here work should be trained with the knowing about the importance of productivity; production, quality and waste level by maintain the right of work. c) d) e) f) Handling of material: Here workers trained about the careful handling of material. Housekeeping and its importance Dos and donts in department Duties and responsibilities of workers
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FINANCE DEPARTMENT
As regarding finance department at Banhatti co-operative spinning mill the account department is headed by Chief Accountant who is directly below manager heads the account department. Finance executives and accounts executives who maintains the accounts of expenditure procurement and expenditure of finance, he prepare annual financial report and submit to Chief Accountant and who look after day to day financial needs final accounts of the company. Chief Accountant also heads Finance department. Below him are executives. Finance is the corner stone of business every businessman needs accountants attends all financial transaction of Banhatti co-operative spinning mill ltd. Finance requirement is mainly due toBabasabpatilfrepptmba.com Page 44
Labour Accounting The total salaries and wages as per the final accounts for the company as a whole were identifiable with respect to production department in respect of service department these are appropriately apportioned among production department in accordance with the services rendered by these employees & given standard production efficiency. Over Head Costing
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DEPRECIATION
Depreciation in relation to plant and machinery, vehicles and miscellaneous fixed assets are calculated on reducing Balance method.
Assets
%Depreciation
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Financial Sources for the Banhatti co-operative spinning mill 1. Cash credit loan from DCC Bank 2. Deposits from members 3. Own fund 4. Members share capital of 3431 members & Rs 500 for each share 5. Term loan from IDBI
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The shares are collected by dividing in 6 categories. The Mill started with authorized capital of 7 crores in the year 1983-84. In the first year the issued & paid up capital of the Mill was Rs 379.22lakhs. This amount increased gradually in the year 1992-93 the paid up capital of the Mill was Rs 411.25 lakhs. The numbers of shareholders were decreased from 1986-87 because the Mill has restricted the issue of share to non members (non share holder).
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PURCHASE DEPARTMENT
While purchasing cotton first they take for sample and test in laboratory. To purchase cotton and to make decision every Tuesday, there will be a meeting at least twice in a month. The cotton which is selected for production the related members of that cotton will be called for meeting. They purchase the only which is necessary for production. There are different varieties of cotton they are : DCH-32 MCH-4 S-4 BUNNY S-6 LRA MLCH-1 AK-235 DH-11 BHARMA They purchase cotton from different states like KARNATAKA ANDHRA PRADESH MAHARASTRA Babasabpatilfrepptmba.com Page 50
M /S Sherya cotton industrysenhva(M.P) M /S Kissan lal motilal--- Bijapur(Karnataka) Swastik indurtries--- warangal(A.P) H.D mallur --- Sangli(Maharastra) The Maharastra state co-operative cotton growers marketing tradition- Mumbai East India cotton companyMumbai M/S Mahalingeshwar cotton company Gokak M/S Mahalakshmi cotton co Gokak M/S M.S.Kollar- Gokak Maheshwary trading companyRatlum(M.P) Ramkaran Shrikisan bansar Harsud(M.P) Gordwarn jinning udyogKiyta(M.P) M/S Ravi enterpriseWarangal (A.P) M/S V.S.Bedri pessing factory Gokak Panchmukhi tradersSangli (Maharastra) Page 51
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Current liabilities are the debts of the firms that have to be paid during the current accounting period or within a year. These include. Creditors for goods purchased Outstanding expenses i.e., expenses due but not paid Short term borrowings Advances received against sales Taxes and dividends payable Other liabilities maturing within a year.
Working capital is also known as circulating capital, fluctuating capital and revolving capital. The magnitude and composition keep on changing continuously in the course of business.
Cash
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Receivables
Objectives of Working Capital Management
Bank credit The firm gets working capital finance from bank by five ways. 1) cash credit Babasabpatilfrepptmba.com Page 56
finance large stocks and can therefore place large orders. Cash discounts are lost. Some companies will try to customers are foregone. The advantages of being able to offer a credit line to customers are foregone.
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of difficulty. up. There may be concerted action by creditors and will apply to court for winding
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Operating cycle
availability of right type of materials in right quantity of right quality at right price on right Babasabpatilfrepptmba.com Page 59
operating cycle by managing and controlling manufacturing cycle, which is a part of operating cycle and influences directly. Longer the manufacturing cycle, longer will be the operating cycle and higher will be the firms working capital requirements. The following measures may be taken: Proper maintenance of plant, machinery and other infrastructural facilities. Proper planning and coordination at all levels of activity. Up gradation of manufacturing system, technology. Selection of the shortest manufacturing cycle out of various alternatives etc. Marketing Management: The sale and production policies should be
synchronized as far as possible. Lack of matching increases the operating cycle period. Production of Qualitative products at lower costs enhances sales of the firm and reduces finished goods storage period. Effective advertisement, sales promotion activities, efficient salesmanship, used of appropriate distribution channel etc. reduce the storage period of the finished products.
Sound Credit and Collection Policies: Sound credit and collection policies
enable the Finance Manager in minimizing investment in working capital in the form of book debts. The firm should be discretionary in granting credit terms to its customers. In order to see that the receivable conversion period is not increased, the firm should follow a rationalized credit policy based on the credit standing of customers and other relevant facts. The firm should be prompt in making collections. Slack collection policies will tie up funds for long period, increasing length of operating cycle. Babasabpatilfrepptmba.com Page 60
equally influenced by external environment. Abrupt changes in basic conditions would affect the length of operating cycle. Fluctuations is demand, competitors, production and sales policies, Government fiscal and monetary policies, changes on import and export front, price fluctuations, etc., should be evaluated carefully by the management to minimize their impact their adverse impact on the length of operating cycle. Other Suggestions: The personnel manager by framing sound recruitment,
section, training placement, promotion, transfer, wages incentives and appraisal policies can contrast the length of operating cycle. Use of Human Resources Development technique in the organization, enhance the morale and zeal of employees thereby reduces the length of operating cycle. Proper maintenance of plant, machinery infrastructural facilities, timely replacement, renewals, overhauling etc. will contribute towards the control of operating cycle. These measures, if adhered properly, would go a long way in minimizing not only the length of operating cycle period but also the firms working capital requirements.
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5) Credit Policy: Credit Policy of the business organization includes to whom, when and to what extent credit may be allowed. Amount of money locked up in account receivable has its impact on working capital. In good many cases, account receivables are sterile and sticky and thereby they have forfeited the right to be classified as current assets. In view of such situation in ascertaining quick ratio instead of deducting stock-in-trade we find it worthwhile to deduct sundry debtors. The other component is credit policy of the suppliers, their terms and conditions of credit. Trade credit has its historical presence in the trading Babasabpatilfrepptmba.com Page 62
Efficiency ratio
Sales Workingcap ital
This ratio is computed by dividing sales by working capital. This ratio helps to measure the efficiency of the utilization of net working capital. It signifies that for an amount of sales, a relative amount of working capital is needed. If any increase in sales is contemplated, working capital should be adequate and thus, this ratio helps management to maintain the adequate level of working capital.
Sales Inventory
This ratio indicates the effectiveness and efficiency of the inventory management. The ration shows how speedily the inventory is turned into accounts receivable through sales. The higher the ratio, the more efficiently the inventory is said to be managed vice versa.
Sales CurrentAssets
This ratio indicates the efficiency with which current assets turn over into sales. A higher ratio implies by and large a more efficient use of fund. Thus, a high turnover rate indicates reduced lock-up of funds in current assets. An analysis of this ratio over a period of life time reflects working capital management of a firm. Babasabpatilfrepptmba.com Page 64
Liquidity Ratios
Currentass ets, loans & advances Currentlia bilities & provisions
i) Current Ratio=
This ratio indicates the extent of the soundness of the current financial position of an undertaking and the degree of safety provided to the creditors. The higher the current ratio the larger amount of rupee available per rupee of current liability, the more the firms ability to meet current obligations and the greater safety of funds of short-term creditors. Current assets are those assets, which can be converted into cash within a year. Current liabilities and provisions are those liabilities that are payable within a year. Current liabilities and provisions are those liabilities that are payable within a year. A current ratio of 2:1 indicates a highly solvent position. A current ratio of 1.33: 1 is considered by banks as minimum acceptable level for providing working capital finance. The constituents of the current assets are as important as the current assets themselves for evaluation of companys solvency position.
Currentass ets, loansandad vances Inventories Currentltl iabilities & provisions Bankoverdraft
Quick ratio is a more refined tool to measure the liquidity of an organization. It is a better test of financial strength than the current ratio, because it excludes very slow moving inventories and the items of current assets which cannot be converted into cash easily. This ratio shows the extent of cushion of protection provided from the quick assets to the current Babasabpatilfrepptmba.com Page 65
This ratio explains the relationship between current and total investment in assets. A business enterprise should use its current assets effectively and economically because it is out of the management of these assets that profits accrue. A business will end up in losses if there is any lacuna in managing the assets to the advantage of business. Investment in fixed assets being inelastic in nature, there is no elbowroom to make amends in this sphere and its impact on profitability remains minimal.
ii) Composition of Current Assets An analysis of current assets component enable one to examine in which component the working capital funds are locked up. A large tie-up of funds in inventories effects profitability of the business adversely owning to carry over costs. In addition losses are likely to occur by way of depreciation decay, obsolescence, evaporation and so on. Receivables constitute another component of current assets. If the major portions of current assets are made up of cash alone, the profitability will be decreased because cash is a non earning asset. If the portion of cash balance is excessive, then it can be said that management is not efficient to employ the surplus cash iii) Debtors Turnover Ratio =
sales Debtors
This ratio shows the extent of trade credit granted and the efficiency in the collection of debts. Thus, it is an indicative of efficiency of trade credit management. The lower the debtors to sales ratio, the better the trade credit management and better the quality (liquidity) of debtors. The lower debtors mean prompt payment by customers. An excessively long
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Debtor collection period, which measures how long it takes to collect amounts from Debtors. The actual collection period can be compared with the stated credit terms of the company. If it longer than those terms, then this indicates some insufficiency in the procedures for collecting debts.
Baddebts sales
This ration indicates the efficiency in the collection procedures of the company. The actual ratio is compared with the target or norm to decide whether or not it is acceptable.
The measurement of the creditor payment period shows the average time taken to pay for goods and services purchased by the company. In general the longer the credit period achieved the better, because delays in payment mean that the operations of the company are being financed interest free by suppliers funds. But there will be a point beyond which, if they are operating in a sellers market, may harm the company. If too long a period is taken to pay creditors, the credit rating of the company may suffer, thereby making it more difficult to obtain suppliers in the future.
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Particulars Current Assets Cash Bank Debtors Receivables Closing stocks Loans and advances Other Assets
8,80,52,342
1,92,69,955 6,87,82,387
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Particulars Current Assets Cash Bank Debtors Receivables Closing stocks Loans and advances Other Assets
9,04,86,303
1,07,86,551 7,96,99,752
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Particulars Current Assets Cash Bank Debtors Receivables Closing stocks Loans and advances Other Assets
5,74,70,549
1,63,53,481 4,11,17,068
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Particulars Current Assets Cash Bank Debtors Receivables Closing stocks Loans and advances Other Assets
6,33,07,237
2,23,74,296 4,09,32,941
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Particulars Current Assets Cash Bank Debtors Receivables Closing stocks Loans and advances Other Assets
Amount(Rs) Amount(Rs) (03-04) (04-05) 70,941 68,903 1,01,29,880 2,41,75,972 27,19,803 1,24,56,152 30,68,347 28,53,527 6,96,73,288 4,83,08,375 1,23,577 11,29,216 22,66,506 14,94,158
8,80,52,342 9,04,86,303
Current liabilities Creditors Tax Provision Total current liabilities Working capital Increase capital in
working 1,09,17,365
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9,04,86,303 5,74,70,549
capital
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Particulars Current Assets Cash Bank Debtors Receivables Closing stocks Loans and advances Other Assets
5,74,70,549
6,33,07,237
Current liabilities Creditors Tax Provision Total current liabilities Working capital Decrease capital in working
1,84,127
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I.
(2004-05) =
(2005-06)=
(2006-07) =
2003-04
2004-5
2005-06
2006-07
23,79,61,38 25,31,62,9 18,94,13,90 19,30,70,23 8 24 2 9 6,87,82,382 7,96,99,75 4,11,17,068 4,47,78,898 2 3.45 3.17 4.60 4.31
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Net working capital turnover ratio This ratio is computed by dividing sales by working capital. This ratio helps to measure the efficiency of the utilization of net working capital. It signifies that for an amount of sales, a relative amount of working capital is needed. If any increase in sales is contemplated, working capital should be adequate and thus, this ratio helps management to maintain the adequate level of working capital. From the financial year 2003-04 to financial year 2005-06 the ratio is showing increase in trend which means that they utilized their working capital for making sales In the financial year 2006-07 the ratio is showing a slight decrease from the financial year 2005-06. The ratio of 0.29 has been decreased. So the efficiency of utilization of working capital is coming down.
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Sales Inventory
(2003-04) =
(2004-05) =
(2005-06)=
(2006-07) =
2003-04
2004-5
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In case of the inventory turnover ratio the higher the ratio the more efficiently the inventory is said to be managed and vice versa. By looking at inventory turnover ratio it is increasing yearly that is in year 2003-04 it was 3.41 and the next three years ratio are 5.24 , 4.60 and 5.17 that are obtained for the financial year 2004-05, 2005-06 and 2006-07 respectively. A substantial increase is observed and goes on to show a healthy ratio.
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Sales CurrentAssets
(2003-04) =
(2004-05) =
(2005-06)=
2003-04
2004-5
2005-06
2006-07
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Current Assets Turnover Ratio By and large this ratio indicates the efficiency and effectiveness with which current assets are turned into sales. The higher turnover rate gives the picture of an efficient ratio indicating reduced blockage of funds in current assets. In case, financial year 2003-04, 2004-05, 2005-06 and 2006-07 the ratios were found to be 2.70, 2.79, 3.30 and 3.05 respectively. A slight decrease has been found in the ratio of the comparative years. In previous year it was found that a slight decrease in ratio compared to 2005-06. Hence the current assets are utilized efficiently and effectively by the mill.
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(2003-04) =
(2004-05) =
(2005-06)=
2003-04
2004-5
2005-06
2006-07
8,80,52,342 9,04,86,30 5,74,70,549 6,33,07,237 3 1,92,69,955 1,07,86,55 1,63,53,481 2,23,74,296 1 4.57 8.40 3.51 2.83
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Current Ratio In case of current ratio, a ratio of 2:1 is considered as an ideal one. In this case the current ratio for the financial year 2003-04, 2004-05, 2005-06 and 2006-07 are 4.57, 8.40, 3.51 and 2.30 respectively. It implies that in 2003-04 for every one rupee of current liabilities, current asset of Rs 4.57 is available. And for year 2004-05, for every one rupee of current liabilities, current assets worth Rs 8.40 are available and so on. The standard of 2:1 is met for the four year in consideration. So it can meet its current liabilities through its current assets
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Currentass ets, loansandad vances Inventories Currentltl iabilities & provisions Bankoverdraft
(2003-04) =
(2004-05) =
(2005-06)=
(2006-07) =
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Quick Ratio. A quick ratio of 1:1 is usually considered as a standard, and represents a satisfactory position. A low quick ratio may be an index of bed liquid position, but not always and vice versa. The ratio in the financial year 2003-04, 2004-05, 2005-06 and 2006-07 are 0.95, 3.91, 1 and 1 respectively. Hence in this case it is found that the company meets the above the sets standards with reference to quick ratio. But in the financial year 2003-04 the ratio was 0.95 which is almost nearer to 1 so it doesnt make much difference to the mill.
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(2003-04) =
(2004-05) =
(2005-06)=
(2006-07) =
2003-04
2004-5
2005-06
2006-07
23,79,61,38 25,31,62,9 18,94,13,90 19,30,70,23 8 24 2 9 27,19,803 1,24,56,15 6,10,4540 65,78,000 2 87.5 20.32 31.03 29.35
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Debtor Turnover Ratio Generally, the debtor turnover ratio is an indication of the performance of the company in terms of recovery of the debt and hence in this purview a higher the ratio or increase goes on to show a positive development. Here, in the financial year 2003-04, 2004-05, 2005-06 and 2006-07 the ratio are 87.5, 20.32, 31.03 and 29.35 respectively. In the financial year 2003-04 the ratio was 87.5, and slowly coming down by this we can say that company is not doing well over the year. So company has to take some serious action to increase this ratio
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(2003-04) =
(2004-05) =
(2005-06)=
(2006-07) =
2003-04
2004-5
2005-06
2006-07
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Debtor Collection Period The debtor collection period goes on to show how long it takes for a company to recover the debt. And hence a decrease or lesser debtor collection period shows a better performance on the part of company. In the financial year2003-04, 2004-05, 2005-06 and 2006-07 the debtor collection period is 4, 18, 12, and 12 days respectively. It shows that the company needs to re-look and revamp in this area.
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(2003-04) =
(2004-05) =
(2005-06)=
(2006-07) =
2003-04 84,14,684
2004-5 92,88,624
2005-06
2006-07
76,85,069 2,13,72,930
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Creditor Payment Period The creditor payment period indicates how long the company or the firm has taken to repay the creditor; a shorter creditor s payment period indicates better paying power and performance on the part of the company. In the financial year2003-04, 2004-05, 2005-06 and 2006-07 the creditor payment period is 16, 21, 24 days and 71 days. So by looking at this the payment policy of mill is not good, so mill has to pay to its creditors on time.
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Cash Ratio
Cash & Bank Currentlia bilities
Cash Ratio=
2003-04) =
(2004-05) =
(2005-06)=
(2006-07) =
2004-5 2,42,44,87 5
2005-06 52,08,368
Ratio
0.529
0.519
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Cash Ratio: The standard of 0.5:1 is considered as norms for calculating the cash ratio. This ratio also indicates liquidity position and company and firms commitment to meet its short -term liabilities.
The mill is having absolute current asset are sufficient to meet is day to day requirement. The mill has good cash ratio i.e. in the financial year 2003-04 and financial year 2004-05 the ratio were 0.529 and 2.24 respectively which satisfies the set norms. In the financial year 2005-06 the ratio came down to 0.31 which is not good for mill. And in the year 2006-07 the ratio again increased to 0.519 which shows that mill has made improvement
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Findings:
1) The cash of the mill is near to 0.5, so it has to look after this so that it wont come below the set norms. 2) Working capital turnover ratio of the mill is coming down. This means that mills efficiency of utilising its working capital is coming down. 3) It was found that the current ratio of mill is more than the set norms, which is more than 2. It means that mill has utilised its current assets efficiently and effectively. 4) Mills debtor turnover ratio is decreasing which signifies that mill is not collecting its debt properly 5) The inventory turnover ratio is increasing. It means that the inventory is moving quicker and faster.
SUGGESTIONS:Babasabpatilfrepptmba.com Page 98
1) Try to gain more orders from the outside countries by exporting required quality of product. 2) The current ratio of BCSM is quite healthy and we can say that it is a sound concern as its liquidity or short term solvency is satisfactory. 3) Generally a quick ratio of 1:1 is considered ideal and represents a satisfactory position. Here it shows that BCSM has maintained 1:1 ratio. It can easily handle or meet its liabilities without any delay. 4) Inventory turnover ratio of BCSM is quite satisfactory because in the financial year 2005-06 and 2006-07 the inventory turnover is 4. 60 and 5.17 5) If too long period is taken to pay creditors, the credit rating of the company suffers, thereby making it more difficult to obtain suppliers in the future. But the companys creditor payment period is more. In the financial year 2005-06 it is24 days and in year 2006-07 its 71 days. So it has to pay its creditor in time to maintain its good will 6) Company has to pay to their suppliers on time. 7) Sales of the mill are coming down, so it has to increase its sales by using promotional activities and can invest more in working capital.
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Conclusion
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BIBLIOGRAPHY
ANNUAL GENERAL REPORT OF BCSM LTD BANHATTI
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