UNIVERSITY OF MAURITIUS

FACULTY OF ENGINEERING

SECOND SEMESTER EXAMINATIONS MAY 2010

PROGRAMME MODULE NAME DATE BEng (Hons) Mechatronics Level 1 Electrical Technology Thursday 20 May 2010 TIME NO. OF QUESTIONS SET 13:30 16:30 hrs 8 MODULE CODE DURATION NO. OF QUESTIONS TO BE ATTEMPTED ELEC 1033Y(1) 3 Hours 6

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES There are 2 Sections in this paper: Section A and Section B. Answer 3 questions from each Section. Section A consists of 4 questions. Answer any THREE questions from Section A. Section B consists of 4 questions. Answer any THREE questions from Section B. USE SEPARATE ANSWER BOOKS FOR EACH SECTION. All questions carry equal marks.

ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY ELEC 1033Y(1) SECTION A

Answer any 3 questions from Section A. Use separate answer books for each Section. Question 1 - [Total 25 marks] (a) For the circuit shown in Figure Q1a, find the resistance between terminals a and b. [8 marks]
2.4

Figure Q1a (b) Use node-voltage analysis to find the power supplied by each source in the circuit of Figure Q1b. [17 marks]
2 22V ix 10 6 3.4i x

Figure Q1b

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ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY ELEC 1033Y(1) Question 2 - [Total 25 marks] (a) A voltage source V S of internal resistance R S drives an adjustable resistive load R L . Prove that the maximum power transferable to the load is given by
V S2 . 4RS

[10 marks] (b) Consider the circuit shown in Figure Q2b. (i) (ii) Find the maximum power transferable to the load. [8 marks] If the load is replaced by an uncharged 1mF capacitor, what is the final capacitor voltage and how long does it take to reach 50% of this value? [7 marks]
4k 5.6k

20V

6k

RL (load)

Figure Q2b Question 3 - [Total 25 marks] (a) (b) Explain what is meant by the term magnetic saturation of a ferromagnetic material. [6 marks] Consider the a.c. circuit shown in Figure Q3b. Taking the source voltage as reference, (i) determine the phasors I L and V L ; [10 marks] (ii) (iii) calculate the average power and reactive power delivered to the load; [3 marks] determine the capacitor that must be connected across a and b to bring the power factor of the load to 0.9. [6 marks]
4+j3 Zs 1+j0.5 Zt a IL 24 240 V r.m.s. 400 rad/s 400 F VL 100 mH b
(load)

Figure Q3b

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ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY ELEC 1033Y(1) Question 4 [Total 25 marks] (a) Prove that, for a delta-connected balanced three-phase load with positive sequencing, the line current has magnitude 3 times the phase current and lags the same by 30 o . [5 marks] A Y-connected balanced three-phase a.c. generator produces an e.m.f. of 240V r.m.s. per phase, and has internal impedance of 0.5+j1 per phase. The generator feeds a delta-connected balanced three-phase load of impedance 120+j87 per phase through a balanced line of impedance 1+j2 per phase. Assuming positive sequencing, and taking the phase a internal e.m.f. of the generator as reference, (i) draw the full three-phase circuit, labelling the generator terminals by a, b and c, and the load terminals by A, B and C; [3 marks] calculate the line currents IaA , IbB and IcC; [7 marks] (iii) calculate the phase voltages at the load terminals; [5 marks] (iv) evaluate the total real power and total reactive power delivered to the load. [5 marks]

(b)

(ii)

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ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY ELEC 1033Y(1) SECTION B Answer 3 Questions from this Section. Use separate answer books for each Section. Question 5 (a) (i) Explain, with the help of a diagram, the working principle of a Linear Variable Differential Transformer (LVDT) for converting linear displacement into a voltage signal. [9 marks] Outline one method by which the system can be made to differentiate between positive and negative displacements. [4 marks]

(ii)

(b)

The output voltage of an LVDT is given by: V0 = 57 x(1 180 x 2 ) volts, where x is the linear displacement in metres. It is required to measure displacements from 0 to 40 mm. Determine the maximum percentage non-linearity of the transducer: [12 marks]

Question 6 Figure Q6 shows a variable-area capacitive displacement sensor, where the medium between the plates has permittivity 8.85 pF/m.

100 mm Cx 1.5 mm x 100 mm

Figure Q6 (a) Show that the sensor output capacitance varies with displacement, x mm, as
C x = 0.59(100 x) pF

[4 marks]

(b)

Design a deflection bridge circuit, incorporating the sensor, to satisfy the following specifications: Input range: 0 to 60mm; Output range, V0: 0 to 2 V; Bridge supply voltage: - 30 V [14 marks] [7 marks]

(c)

Show that V0 kx , and determine the value of k.

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ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY ELEC 1033Y(1) Question 7 A thermistor is initially at room temperature, T1, is suddenly placed in a hot liquid at temperature T2. (a) Show that the dynamic response of the sensor can be modelled as a first order differential equation. Also sketch the time variation of the sensor temperature. [11 marks] If the liquid temperature is 80 0C, determine the time taken for the sensor temperature to reach 99% of its final value, given the following data: Mass of sensor: 1.5 g Specific heat capacity:0.23 Jkg-1K-1 Room temperature: 25 0C [6 marks] (c) The liquid temperature now varies sinusoidally at 15 0C about a mean value of 80 0C. The time period of the sinusoidal variations is 30 s. Determine, in the steady state: (i) (ii) The peak temperature of the sensor. [4 marks] Heat Transfer Coefficient: 0.7 Wm-2K-1 Surface area: 200 mm2

(b)

The time lag between the sensor response and the actual temperature. [4 marks]

Question 8 (a) A current of magnitude I0, is switched into a moving coil meter at time t = 0. Sketch the possible time variations of the pointer movement and explain how the responses are affected by the meter parameters in each case. [13 marks] The full-scale deflection and internal resistance of the moving coil meter are 17 mA and 113 , respectively. Design an Ayrton shunt to obtain a multirange ammeter with current ranges 0 to 50 mA and 0 to 500 mA. [12 marks]

(b)

END OF QUESTION PAPER

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