Mang Tia

- 27 -

Table 1 Requirements for 60/70 and 85/100 penetration asphalt cements

Penetration Grade Test Min Penetration at 25 C, 0.1mm Flash point (Cleveland open cup), C Ductility at 25 C, cm Solubility in trichloroethylene, % Retained penetration after TFOT, % Ductility at 25 C after TFOT, cm

60/70 Max 70 Min 85 232 100

85/100 Max 100 -

60 232 100 99.0 52 50

99.0 47 75

: ASTM 2004. ASTM D 946 Standard Specification for Penetration-Graded Asphalt Cement for Use in Pavement Construction, , Volume 04.03, 2004, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
        

Mang Tia Table 2 Requirements for AC-10 and AC-20 asphalt cements

- 28 -

Viscosity Grade Test on Original Asphalt AC-10 Spec. 1 1000200 150 70 219 99.0 5000 50 219 99.0 5000 75 80 250 1000200 Spec. 2 Spec. 1 2000400 210 40 232 99.0 10000 20 AC-20 Spec. 2 2000400 300 60 232 99.0 10000 50

Absolute Viscosity at 60 C, poises

Kinematic Viscosity at 135 C, cSt

Penetration at 25 C, 0.1mm

Flash point (Cleveland open cup), C

Solubility in trichloroethylene, min., % Viscosity at 60 C, max., poises Ductility at 25 C, min., cm

Tests on Residue from TFOT

"

'

&

&

: ASTM 2004. ASTM D 3381 Standard Specification for Viscosity-Graded Asphalt Cement for Use in Pavement , Volume 04.03, 2004, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Construction,
& 5 4

Mang Tia Table 3 Requirements for AR-4000 and AR-8000 asphalt cements

- 29 -

Viscosity Grade Test on Residue from RTFOT AR-4000 Absolute Viscosity at 60 C, poises Kinematic Viscosity at 135 C, min., cSt Penetration at 25 C, min., 0.1mm % of original penetration, min. Ductility at 25 C, min., cm Test on Original Asphalt Flash point (Cleveland open cup), min., C Solubility in trichloroethylene, min., % 40001000 275 25 45 75 227 99.0 AR-8000 80002000 400 20 50 75 232 99.0

: ASTM 2004. ASTM D 3381 Standard Specification for Viscosity-Graded Asphalt Cement for Use in Pavement Construction, , Volume 04.03, 2004, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
        

Mang Tia Table 4 Examples of Superpave Performance Graded Binder Specification Performance Grade Average 7-Day Maximum Pavement Design Temperature, C Minimum Pavement Design Temperature, C PG-52-16 52 -16 PG-52-46 52 -46 PG-64-22 64 -22

- 30 -

Original Binder Flash Point Temperature, Minimum, C Viscosity: Maximum, 3 Pa s Test Temperature, C Dynamic Shear @ 10 rad/s : G*/sin , Minimum, 1.00 kPa Test Temperature, C 230 135

52

52

64

Rolling Thin Film Oven Residue Mass Loss, Maximum, % Dynamic Shear @ 10 rad/s : G*/sin , Minimum, 2.20 kPa Test Temperature, C 1.00

52

52

64

Pressure Aging Vessel Residue PAV Aging Temperature, C Dynamic Shear @ 10 rad/s : G* sin , Maximum, 5000 kPa Test Temperature, C Creep Stiffness @ 60 s : S, Maximum, 300 MPa m-value, Minimum, 0.30 Test Temperature, C Direct Tension @ 1.0 mm/min : Failure Strain, Minimum, 1.0% Test Temperature, C

90

100

100

22

25

-6

-36

-12

-6

-36

-12

: AASHTO 2004. AASHTO Designation M320-03 Standard Specification for Performance Graded Asphalt Binder, , Washington, D.C.
  7   7   6     7  7  7 6 @ 7     @ 7 6 9 

Mang Tia

- 31 -

Figure 1 Variation in viscosity of two penetration-graded asphalts at different temperatures

Mang Tia

- 32 -

Figure 2 Variation in viscosity of two viscosity-graded asphalts at different temperatures