Analog Electronic Circuits

Lesson 6 BJT Small Signal Analysis (Emitter / Divider Config)

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Outline
Common Emitter Review Emitter Configuration Voltage Divider Configuration

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Two Port Model (CE) Review

Modeling simplifies analysis KVL, KCL, etc Replace BJT with resistors and sources Allows for traditional electrotech analysis
Capacitors are considered shorts Voltage supply shorted to ground Impedances modeled as resistors Controlled current supply models BJT operation

Changing bias configuration adds more resistors

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Two Port Model (CE) Review

Vo Vi IB

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Two Port Model (CE) Review

Vo
IB

ro

Vi IB re

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Two Port Model (CE) Review

Vi Vo

re

IB

ro

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Emitter Bias Configuration

Emitter resistor provides DC feedback Stabilizes amplifier biasing Minimizes effect of changing DC due to:
temperature change variation between individual transistors

Simple Fixed Bias amplifier not stable enough for production or permanent circuits

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RB Vi

RC

Vo

RE

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Vi

Vo

RB

RE

RC

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Vi re
IB

Vo ro

RB

RE

RC

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A note on ro
Varies on biasing and operating characteristics of amplifier Usually much larger than RC and RE Adds significant complexity to analysis when not bypassed Has minimal effect on accuracy of analysis Will be ignored for our analysis unless otherwise stated...
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Vi Zi Zb re
IB

Vo Zo

RB

RE

RC

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Vi Zi Zb re
IB

Vo Zo

RB

RE

RC

Z i R BZ b R B R E
Zb

Vi Vb ( + 1)( R E + r e ) I b = = = ( R E +r e ) R E Ib Ib Ib

where R E r e

V b = I e ( R E +r e )= ( I c + I b )( R E +r e )= ( I b + I b)( R E +r e )= ( + 1)( R E + r e ) I b

Vi Zi Zb re
IB

Vo Zo

RB

RE

RC

Z i R BZ b R B R E
Zb

Vi Vb ( + 1)( R E + r e ) I b = = = ( R E +r e ) R E Ib Ib Ib

where R E r e

V b = I e ( R E +r e )= ( I c + I b )( R E +r e )= ( I b + I b)( R E +r e )= ( + 1)( R E + r e ) I b

Vi Zi Zb re
IB

Vo Zo

RB

RE

RC

Z i R BZ b R B R E
Zb

Vi Vb ( + 1)( R E + r e ) I b = = = ( R E +r e ) R E Ib Ib Ib

where R E r e

V b = I e ( R E +r e )= ( I c + I b )( R E +r e )= ( I b + I b)( R E +r e )= ( + 1)( R E + r e ) I b

Vi Zi Zb re
IB

Vo Zo

RB

RE

RC

Vo AV = Vi

V o = I b RC V i = I b ( RE + r e)

Z o RC

I b RC RC Rc AV = = I b ( RE + r e) R E +r e RE

Voltage Divider Bias

Also known as Beta Independent Configuration Uses a voltage divider in the place of RB Variations in Beta removed from amplifier Very common BJT amplifier configuration Condition: R1 || R2 << RE

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R1 Vi

RC

Vo

R2

RE

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Vo Vi

R1

R2

RE

RC

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Vi Zi R1 Zb R2 re
IB

Vo Zo

RE

RC

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Vi Zi R1 Zb R2 re
IB

Vo Zo

RE

RC

Zb

Vi Vb ( + 1)( R E + r e ) I b = = = ( R E +r e ) R E Ib Ib Ib where R r
E

Z i R 1R 2Z b R1R 2( R E +r e ) R 1R2 R E R E
where R E R 1R 2

Vi Zi R1 Zb R2 re
IB

Vo Zo

RE

RC

Z o RC
I b RC RC Rc AV = = I b ( RE + r e) R E +r e RE

where R E r e

Credits and Attributions

Reference Texts:
Boylestad, R.L., Nashelsky, L., (2009). Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory (10th ed.) Floyd, T.L., (2012). Electronic Devices: conventional current version (9th ed.)

Images:
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Copyright (c) 2012 by Mladen Hruska. This work is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5 Canada license All images, diagrams, charts, etc. are the copyright work of Mladen Hruska if not immediately attributed otherwise For more information: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5/ca/

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