Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Web Site: www.ijettcs.org Email: editor@ijettcs.org, editorijettcs@gmail.com Volume 1, Issue 2, July August 2012 ISSN 2278-6856
Keywords: Cloud computing, Distributed computing, grid computing, Scalability, utility computing.
1. INTRODUCTION
With the evolution of technology, the number of services which migrate from traditional form to the online form grows as well. For these specific services, an adequate providing form must be found in the online environment, using the proper technologies, guaranteeing the access of large number of users, fast and secure payment services (Ivan et al., 2009). Education is an important component of life because it equips us with all that is needed to make our dreams come true. One of the most promising paradigms for education is e-learning. Cloud Computing is a new paradigm that provides efficient network login to an appropriate pool of computing resources which can be provided and released with just nominal assiduity and service providers reciprocity. Higher education was acknowledged in time as one of the pillars of society development. The need for education is increasing Volume 1, Issue 2 July-August 2012
constantly and the development and the improvement of the e-learning solutions is necessary. Also, the e-learning systems need to keep the pace with the technology, so the new direction is to use cloud computing. At present, it is common to access content across the Internet independently without reference to the underlying hosting infrastructure. This infrastructure consists of data centers that are monitored and maintained around the clock by content providers. Cloud computing is an extension of this paradigm where the capabilities of applications are exposed as services. Educational institutions are beginning to take advantage of existing applications hosted on a cloud that enable end users to perform tasks that have usually required site licensing, installation, and maintenance of individual software packages. Many applications such as word processing, spreadsheets, presentations, databases and more can all be done inside a web browser, while the software and files are housed in the cloud. To provide one simple example, in the socially conservative Gulf region (where females are reluctant to be photographed), the accidental or malicious release of a female students photograph into the public domain could have large consequences for her, her family, and the institution or third-party that mishandled this data. A technical definition is "a computing capability that provides an abstraction between the computing resource and its underlying technical architecture (e.g., servers, storage, networks), enabling convenient, on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources that can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort.
CLOUD
Cloud computing is a computation of provide hire services to users. To access powerful computing capabilities, regardless of the complexity of the background, , the user can use a simple terminal . To get together the users' needs, which the back-end cloud concerns care is the number of machines required to get collaboration. Now Google, Amazon and other companies have built the cloud platform to provided services for their clients, include hundreds of back-end machines at least. It is obvious that cloud platform back-end is a large distributed system, rather than a single machine which user interface displayed [15]. Cloud computing turn the Page 202
3. INVENTED SCENARIO
In this scenario cloud computing is being looked upon by experts in various domains because of its advantages. Cloud has been used in the business oriented unit and in the current education system in India the teaching via web is not so widely available and adapted. Even if it is available, it is provided at a very high cost. Cloud has generated many resources which can be used by various educational institutions and streams where their existing/proposed web based learning systems can be implemented at low cost. 3.1. Benefits of Cloud Computing The advantages that come with cloud computing can help resolving some of the common challenges one might have while supporting an educational institution [4]. 3.1.1. Cost One can choose a subscription or in, some cases, pay-asyou go plan whichever works best with that organization business model. Overall, not just hardware costs, but also system management, licensing costs and fees can be reduced as users only pay for the software they need (concept of on-demand software). User agreements and contracts can be simplified, with the user only paying for individual software instances and also avoiding the time and cost of patches and updates. 3.1.2. Flexibility Infrastructure can be scaled to maximize investments. Cloud computing allows dynamic scalability as demands fluctuate. Renting computer platforms and scalable power makes eminent sense, particularly when institutions feel the threat of the potential theft or destruction of computer hardware, such as the widespread looting of schools and offices by Iraqi troops in Kuwait during the first Gulf War. 3.1.3. Accesibility This help makes data and services publicly available without make vulnerable sensitive information. 3.1.4.The Client The End User Everything ends with the client (mobile). The hardware components, the application and everything else developed for Cloud computing will be used in the client. Without the client, nothing will be possible. The client could come in two forms: the hardware component or the
3.2. Services in cloud computing Infrastructure as a Service, One can get on-demand computing and storage to host, scale, and manage applications and services using Microsoft data centers. In the previous generation of the information technology the data sharing which led the path for the knowledge sharing was not used by the users globally, in this generation the various streams have the knowledge of eLearning and the Mobile based learning. In this present context the usage of the central data centre is a easy process for the education system however the cost of implementation and the maintenance of the data storage space and also the load capability also software licensing depends on the real time usage of these systems. Business streams can make revenue out of those expenses whereas for educational institutions which really want to motivate the learners and want to offer a quality education at affordable cost can achieve this by spending a large amount. This can be overcome by the present cloud computing technology that is "Pay as Use" (PAU).
Figure 1: Cloud computing In recent years, cloud computing as a new kind of advanced technology accelerates the innovation for the computer industry. Cloud computing is a computing model based on networks, especially based on the Internet, whose task is to ensure that users can simply use the computing resources on demand and pay money according to their usage by a metering pattern similar to water and electricity consumption. Therefore, it brings a new business model, where the services it provides are becoming computing resources [12]. Users do not require any special knowledge about the concept of Cloud computing to connect their computers to the server where applications have been installed and use them. Users can communicate through Internet with remote servers. These servers can exchange their computing slots themselves [13].
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A. Improved Improbability It is almost impossible for any interested person (thief) to determine where is located the machine that stores some wanted data (tests, exam questions, results) or to find out which is the physical component he needs to steal in order to get a digital asset. B. Virtualization Makes possible the rapid replacement of a compromised cloud located server without major costs or damages[8]. It Page 205
E-LEARNING
The e- learning cloud architecture can be divided into : A. Infrastructure resources Layer The base layer of e-learning cloud shares IT infrastructure resources and connects the huge system pool together to provide services. Cloud Computing allows the hardware layer to run more like the internet, to make the hardware resources shared and accessed as data resources in secure and scalable way[4]. Information infrastructure contains Internet/Intranet, system software, information management system and some s/w and h/w; teaching Volume 1, Issue 2 July-August 2012
10. CHARACTERISTICS
1) In general, cloud computing customers do not possess the physical infrastructure, instead avoiding funds spending by renting usage from the third party supplier. 2) They consume resources as a service and pay only for the resources that they use. 3) Sharing perishable and intangible computing power among multiple tenants can prove utilization rates, as servers are not unnecessarily left idle. A side effect of this approach is that overall computer usage rises dramatically, as customers do not have to engineer for peak load limits.
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REFERENCES
[1] DeCoufle B. The impact of cloud computing in schools, The Datacenter Journal, July 2009 http://datacenterjournal.com/content/view/3032/40/ , [2] Cloud Computing Issues, Research and Implementations Mladen A. Vouk,Department of Computer Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USAJournal of Computing and Information Technology - CIT 16, 2008, 4, 235246 doi:10.2498/cit.1001391 [3] Pocatilu P., Boja C. Quality Characteristics and Metrics related to M-Learning Process, Amfiteatru Economic, Year XI, June 2009, No. 26 [4] An E-learning System Architecture based on Cloud Computing Md. Anwar Hossain Masud, Xiaodi Huang [5] Yizeng Chen, Xingui Li, Fangning Chen Overview and Analysis of Cloud Computing research and application [6] Hall Mark Everett . SaaS Surprises Computer World 2009,12:p19-22 [7] E-learning based on Cloud Computing, Deepanshu Madan, Ashish Pant, Suneet Kumar, Arjun Arora Volume 2, Issue 2, February 2012 ISSN: 2277 128X, www.ijarcsse.com [8] Using Cloud Computing for E-learning Systems, PAUL POCATILU, FELICIAN ALECU, MARIUS VETRICI Economic Informatics Department, Academy of Economic Studies 6 Piata Romana, Secot 1, Bucharest,ROMANIA ppaul@ase.ro, alecu.felician@ie.ase.ro, ariusvetrici@softmentor.ro [9] Minutoli, G. Fazio, M. Paone, M. Puliafito, A. Engineering Fac, Univ. of Messina, Messina, Italy Virtual Business Networks With CloudComputing and Virtual Machines: IEEE/ICUMT Oct 2010. [10] Uhlig,R., Neiger, G. Rodgers, D. S.M. Kagi, A.Leung, F.H. Smith : Intel Corp., USA : Intel visualization technology IEEE Computer Society : May 2005. [11] H. Xin-ping, Z. Zhi-mei D. Jian, Medical Informatization Based on Cloud Computing Concepts and Techniques, Journal of Medical Informatics, 2010, Vol.31, No.3, pp.6-9.
13.
CLOUD
Grid computing emphasizes on resource sharing, every grid node can apply for resource from other nodes, and every node should contribute resource to the grid. The focus of grid computing is on the ability of moving a workload to the location of the needed computing resources, which are mostly remote and are readily available for use. Grids also require applications to conform to the grid software interfaces. Cloud computing emphasize on proprietary, every user out of the cloud can get its own private resource from the cloud, and the cloud resource are provided by the specific service provider, the user need not contribute its resource. In a cloud environment, computing resources, such as servers, can be dynamically shaped or carved out from its underlying hardware infrastructure and made available to a workload. Grid computing emphasizes on computing sensitive task, and is difficult to automated scale. Cloud computing emphasizes on transactional application, a great amount of separate request, and can scale automatically or semi automatically.
14. CONCLUSIONS
The e-learning solution development cannot disregard the cloud computing trends. Cloud computing for e-learning solutions influences the way the e-learning Software projects are managed. There are explicit tasks that deal with finding providers for cloud computing, depending on the needs. Also, the cost and risk management influences the way the e-learning solutions based on cloud computing are managed. The amount of some public clouds across multiple legal jurisdictions further complicates this subject; These concerns are considered key obstacles to broader acceptance of cloud computing, making them areas of active research and argue among cloud computing practitioners and advocate. There are many benefits from using the cloud computing for elearning systems. Also, there are some disadvantages that have to be taken into account. It has the major span to change the whole education system. In present situation the e-learning is getting the popularity and this Volume 1, Issue 2 July-August 2012
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