Mathematics-I Problem Sheet Rolles theorem, Cauchys mean value theorem, Taylors and Maclaurians theorem with remainder.

1. Let f : [a, b] R be continuous on [a, b] and f (x) exists for all x (a, b). Let a < c < b. Prove that a (a, b) such that f (c) = bc ca 1 f (a) + f (b) + (c a)(c b)f (). ba ba 2

2. Let f : [a, b] R and g : [a, b] R be both continuous on [a, b] and they are both dierentiable on (a, b). If f (x) = g (x) for all x (a, b), then f (x) = g(x) + c where c is a real constant. 3. A function f : [a, b] R is said to satisfy a Lipschitz condition of order on [a, b] if a real number M > 0 such that |f (x) f (y)| < M |x y| for all x, y [a, b].

If f satises a Lipschitz condition of order > 1 on [a, b], then prove that f is a constant on [a, b]. 4. Prove that the equation (x 1)3 + (x 2)3 + (x 3)3 + (x 4)3 = 0 has only one real root. 5. Prove that between any two real roots of the equation ex cos x + 1 = 0, at least one real root of the equation ex sin x + 1 = 0. 6. Prove that between any two real roots of the equation ex sin x + 1 = 0, at least one real root of the equation tan x + 1 = 0. 7. Let a R and a real function f dened on some neighbourhood N (a) of a such that f (n) is continuously dierentiable on N (a) and f n+1 (a) = 0. If a + h N (a), f (a + h) = f (a) + hf (a) + n 1 h2 hn1 n1 . (a) + h f n (a + h), (0 < < 1), prove that lim = 2! f (a) + + (n1)! f n! h0 n+1 8. Prove that (i)
2x

< sin x < x on 0 < x < ,

4x

(ii) x < tan x < (iii) 1 +

1 x x

for 0 < x <

1 y y

4,

> 1+

if x, y R and x > y > 0.

9. Show that the following functions do not satisfy the conditions on Rolles theorem on the indicated interval (i) f (x) = 1 |x 1| on [0, 2], (ii) f (x) = 1 (x 1)2/3 on [0, 2]. 10. Calculate in Cauchys mean value theorem for each of the following pairs of functions: (i) f (x) = sin x, g(x) = cos x on [ , 3 ], 4 4 1

(ii) f (x) =

x, g(x) =

1 x 1 x

on [1, 3],

(iii) f (x) = log x, g(x) =

on [1, e], 1 (iv) f (x) = (1 + x)3/2 , g(x) = 1 + x on [0, 2 ].

11. Verify the hypothesis and the conclusions of Mean Value theorem for the following functions on the indicated intervals: (i) f (x) = x(x 1)(x 2) on [0, 1 ], 2 (ii) f (x) =
x x1 3

on [2, 4],

(iii) f (x) = x 3x + 1 on [1, 3], (iv) f (x) = 4 (6 x) 3 on [5, 7], (v) on [1, 1] for the function: f (x) = cos 0
1 x
2

if x = 0 if x = 0.