Thermodynamics

1. What is difference between path function and point function? 2. What is difference between intensive and extensive properties? 3. What is the main cause of irreversibility? Ans: Mechanical & Fluid Friction, Unrestricted expansion, Heat transfer with a finite temperature difference. 4. Draw the p-T diagram for pure substance Ans.:

5. What is Ans.

triple point.

6. Why carnot cycle cannot be performed in actual practice. Ans.: The Carnot cycle cannot be performed in practice because of the following reasons :
1. It is imposible to perform a frictionless process. 2. It is impossible to transfer the heat without temperature potential. 3. Isothermal process can be achieved only if the piston moves very slowly to allow heat transfer so that the temperature remains contant. Adiabatic process can be achieved only if the piston moves as fast as possible so that the heat transfer is negligible due to very short time available. The isothermal and adiabatic processes take place during the same stroke therefore the piston has to move very slowly for part of the stroke and it has to move very fast during remaining stroke. This variation of motion of the piston during the same stroke is not possible.

7. What do you mean by entropy and what are its characteristics Ans: Entropy may also be defined as the thermal property of a substance which remains
constant when substance is expanded or compressed adiabatically in a cylinder.

Its characteristics are:

1. It increases when heat is supplied irrespective of the fact whether temperature changes or not. 2. It decrease when heat is removed whether temperature changes or not. 3. It remains unchanged in all adiabatic frictionless processes. 4. It increases if temperature of heat is lowered without work being done as in a throttling process.

8. What is the change in entropy for adiabatic process Ans: ZERO 9. What is difference between Ideal gas & Real gas? Ans.: An ideal gas is defined as a gas having no forces of intermolecular attraction. The gases
which follow the gas laws at all ranges of pressures and temperatures are considered as ideal gases. However, real gases follow these laws at low pressures or high temperatures or both. This is because the forces of attraction between molecules tend to be very small at reduced pressures and elevated temperatures.

10.
apparatus

What is the purpose of Orsat Apparatus

Ans.: The most common means of analysis of the combustion products in flue gas is the Orsat

11. Difference between boiler mountings and accessories? List three each.

12. What is meant by regenerative cycle. And what are its advantages and disadvantages Ans.: Advantages:
1. The heating process in the boiler tends to become reversible. 2. The thermal stresses set up in the boiler are minimised. This is due to the fact that temperature ranges in the boiler are reduced. 3. The thermal efficiency is improved because the average temperature of heat addition to the cycle is increased. 4. Heat rate is reduced. 5. The blade height is less due to the reduced amount of steam passed through the low pressure stages. 6. Due to many extractions there is an improvement in the turbine drainage and it reduces erosion due to moisture. 7. A small size condenser is required. Disadvantages: 1. The plant becomes more complicated. 2. Because of addition of heaters greater maintenance is required. 3. For given power a large capacity boiler is required.

4. The heaters are costly and the gain in thermal efficiency is not much in comparison to the heavier costs.

MACHINE DESIGN:
1. What is meant by unilateral and bilateral system of tolerance. 2. What is difference between hole basis & Shaft basis of limit system. 3. What is meant by preferred number? 4. What is meant by bearing stress and draw pressure distribution curve. 5. What is difference between engineering stress strian and true stress strain curve? 6. What is difference between hydrodynamic and hydrostatic lubrication system. 7. What is the use of S-N curve? 8. What is meant by spring rate and spring index. Differentiate. 9. What is meant by camber in leaf springs? 10.When a beam is subjected to loading stress will occur first or strain and why? 11.Why hollow shaft is stronger than solid shaft? 12.Why the web of flywheel is made of I section?

Fluid Mechanics:
1. What is bernaoullis theorem? 2. What is reynolds number for Laminar and turbulent flow

3. What is meant by water hammer in pelton wheel turbine? 4. Classify the turbines according to head? 5. Draw the profile for velocity distribution in a pipe flow. 6. What is meant by Newtonian and non-newtonian fluids?

Material Science:
What is use of TTT (Time -Temperature Transformation curve

Define gibbs rule What is meant by point defect and line defect? What is meant by carburizing? What is meant by flame hardening. What is the difference between charpy test and izod test? What is difference between annealing and normalizing?

Production Technology 1. What is meant by HSS give composition. 2. What is meant by M and W type of carbide tip tools? 3. What is the function of alloying elements like vanadium, chromium and molybdenum in tool steel? 4. How will you specify the grinding wheel? 5. Difference between jigs and fixture? 6. Why the CNC machine is more precise than centre lathe? 7. What is meant by group technology? 8. What do you mean by G code and M code? 9. What is meant by ABC analysis? 10. 11. 12. What is meant by therbligs? What is meant by SIMO chart? Wood is a engineering material? Justify

Automobile Engineeing
1. What is meant by MPFI engine what is its advantage? 2. What is Toe in/ Toe Out

3. What is camber angle 4. How ignition system work 5. How will you distinguish a two stroke from four stroke engine just by visual inspection 6. Where flywheel is located in a scooter? 7. How disc brake works 8. What is meant by scavenging and what is its advantages 9. What is the material of piston and cylinder in IC engine and why?