01 CONTENTS

1.Preface 2.Early History Of Human Beings 3.About Roang state(Roang Pore) 4.Massacre in Roang state 5.After Independance of Burma. 6.Conclution.

02 PREFACE
History is narrative of what civilized men have thought or done in pastimeswhether a day,a year,a century or a millenium ago.(H.G.wells) A nation may be defined as a people or a group of people united by common ideas and common purposes.(Hutton webster) First of all, i would like to confess that i am not a historian but i was keenly interesting in our racial history,Roangians who were oppresse in Burma since 1974 A.D.There were no problem for Roangians living in Burma from 1948 to 1974.AfterwardmBurmese method Burmese way democracy, the parliament was ruled in Burma and started to oppress toward Roangians.Then the parliament of General Ne Win imposed the 1982 Burmese citizenship law which was outcast the Roangians from Burmese Nationality.

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Thus i wanted to know about Roangian origin and their history.When i was young,my father, Molvi Abdul Hamid,M.A. degree holder of Calcutta University in 1936,was organised in Roangians activities but i seen that all histories wrote about Roangians were diviated from the truth.They mention the Roangian history was something wrong.Therefore i studied and collected about Roangian history since 1980A.D. The word Rohingya is quite different from the base word [ROANG] that is,dwellers of Roang state should be Roangian. Originally the land between the Kaladan River and Naaf River,western part of Burma,was called ROANG Pore in Dravidian PURANAS language at the era of Chandra Gupta Maurya in 303B.C.So the inhabitants of Roang pore must be Roangian according to the written style of historian. And the Roangian historian were confused with the word Arracan(old style written)which mentioned to the place of the capital of Danawatty city-state.So the dwellers of Arracan may be Buddhist or Islam must be called Arracanese and the Dwellers of Roang state may be Islam or Buddhist must be called Roangians.

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The Roangian and Arracanese were not based on race,they are based on the name of land.Therefore who dwelling in Roang state did not use the name Arracanese and who dwelling in Arracan that is Danawatti,Vessali did not use the name Roangian. There were NO KINGS in Roang state and never possessed any king of Arracan or Burma.There were no evidences in history because the Roang state was ruled by Chandra Gupta Maurya to british government.At last Roang state and Arracan state were added as Arracan division by East India Company in 1826 after conquest of Ava.Now Roang state was hand over to Burma in 4th Janauary 1948 A.D. by British Government. Moreover, the militery ruler of Burma and newly elected President U Thein Sins government were bitterly refused to recognize the Roangians as Burma citizen.That they told there were no Roangians in 135 indigenous races of Burma classified by late General Ne Wins parliament in 1982 and omitted the name of Roangian in that list because they want to deny the Roangians as the nationality of Burma.Besides this they told the Roangians were Bangali imported form Bengal as coolies of paddy field by British government after 1824 A.D.

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I felt that this description of Burmese Government want to degrade the Roangians and disgraced and dishonored to my grandfather, Abdul Rashid son of Karam Ali ,a great land lord possessed more than 10,000 acres of paddy fields,son of Hussein Ali,village head of Akyab and alms colloctor of Saint Bodor Mokam mosque in 1825 A.D. Therefore i have bening studied our genuine Roangian history since 1980 A.D. when i was studying in university.So these collections of Roangians history is published as my good deed work. DR.ZAMAYRADDIN

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(1)Early History of Human Beings In world history,the earliest men have been foung in Egypt,Spsin and France since 30,000 years ago or more.About 10,000 B.C. the geography of the world was very similar in its general out line to that of the world today.The different races arose in prehistoric times as man gradually spread through out the habittable earth.We have to remember that human races can interbreed freely and that they separate, mingle and reunite as clouds do. A-Palaeolithic Age(old stone Age was covered 50,000B.C. to 25,000B.C.) B-Neolithic Age(New stone Age was covered 25,000B.C. to 7,000B.C.)

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The Neolithic Age was followed by Metals Age which would divided 1.Copper and Bronze Age covered5,000B.C.to1,000B.C. and 2.Iron Age covered 1,000B.C. to 500B.C. In 6,000-5,000B.C. the Egyptian were developed and civilized. Neolithic Peoples came from western Asia and norterns Africa and gradually spread all over the world.Racial distinction are on physical characteristics especially SKIN color,HEAD form,and texure of the HAIRS.Thus the man would be claasified as; (A) THE BLACK skinned Peoples, (B)THE YELLOW skinned Peoples, (C)THE WHITE skinned Peoples. However there were no indeed in pure.(Hutton Webster) There were also could classifiedas; (a)Negroid, (b)Caucacoid, (c)Mongoloid, (d)Australoid. ( H.G.WELLS)

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(A)THE BLACK SKINNED PEOPLES The BLACK skinned Peoples were divided into; (1)Dravidians, (2)Negro proper, (3)Bantu Negro, (4)Pygmies, (5)Hottentots and Bush men, (6)Papuams, and (7)Australians(Aborigines). (B)THE YELLOW skinned Poples were divided into; (1)Mongolians People i.e.Chinese,Japanese,Korean,M anchus,Siamese,Mongols,Tartar, Tibetans,Siberians tr ibes,Turks,Bulgarians,Hungarians,Estonian and FinnLapps, (2)Malay i.e. in Fermosa,the Phillippines,Malay Archipelago,Nicober Island and Madagascars,

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(3)Polynesians i.e.Maori of New Zeland,Tongans,Sa moans,Hawaiians,American Indians. (C)THE WHITE skinned Peoples were slao divided; 1.Hanitics i.e.Libyans,Egyptians,Eastern Hamites, 2.Semitics i.e.Babylonians, Assyrians, Phoenisians, Hebrew, Arabs, Aramaenians, and Abyssnians, (3)Indo- Europians=Aryans were divided into; a.Asiatics i.e.Hindus,Medes,Persians,Hittititics,Arma enians,and Scythians, b.Graco-Latin i.e.Albanians Greeks, Italians, Spainiard ,Portugue, France, Wallooms,Rumanian, c.Celtics i.e.Brotons,Welsh,Irish,High land Scots, d.Teutonic i.e.Germans,Frisians,Dutch,Fllllemings,D anes,Norwegians, Sweedes,English,Low lsnd Scots, e.Lettic i.e. Letts,Lithuanians,

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f.Slavic i.e.South Alavs-Serbians,Monte Negris,Croati ans,Slovanian, East Slavs-Great Russians,Little Russians or Ruthsnians,White Russians, West Slavs Czechs,Slovaks,Poles. At the dawn of history each of the three races occupied quite distinct geographyical areas. (Hutton Webster)

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(A)THE BLACK races held most parts of Africa,south Sahara,Costal region of Indian Ocean from Persia to Australia along the Indian Ocean and adjasent Islands including New Guinea and Australia. (a)DRAVIDIANS Dravidians and Aryan are member of Sumarian from Egypt. In 5,000 B.C. the Dravidians established as their homeland in Indus river and Sarasvasti river. Since 3,000 B.C. Dravidians were occupied all of the Indian subcontinent.Dravidians are the original INHABITANT of Indian subcontinent since 2,000 B.C.They are only norminal Brahamintists. In Indus and Sarasvasti river, the Dravidians formed village communities at 3,000 b.C.Then they formed cities and 500 city-states at 2000B.C.The word Dravidian derived from DRAVIDA which means suotherner of the Indian Ocean.

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Dravidians who speak non-Aryan tongues and probably represent the original inhabitants of coastal regions of Indian Ocean. LOCATION of Dravidians Dravidians were found in Persia,Parkistan,Nepal,Southern parts of India,part of central India,Srilanka,coastal region of Bangladesh,ROANG PORE(Roang state) of Burma,Andaman Islands, Nicobar Islands,Sumatra of Indonesia,Papuan and Australia. Dravidians were subdivided in to (14) groups with combined their home-land. (1a)KURUKH race=They would found in southeastern part of India,coastal part of Deccan of Bangladesh,Chittagong Division,andRoang Pore(Roang state)of Burma.The Kurukh have traditionally claimed to be from Deccan and Chittagong peninsula and the only Dravidian race of Bengal. ( (Alfred C Haddon) (2a)Brahui race-They would found in Balochistan province of Parkistan.Oadh race would found in northern India. (3a)Gond race-They would found in central part of India.

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(4a)Kanadiga race- They would found in Kanataka and Kerala state of southern part of India. (5a)Khonds/Kondha-They wooould found in Orissa and Andrapradesh of India. (6a)Kodavas race-They would found in Kanataka and Kerala state of India. (7a)Malayalis race-They would found in Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Andaman island and Nicober island of India. (8a)Tamil race-They would found mainly in Tamil Nadu. (9a)Telugus race-They would found inOrissa,Tamil Nadu state of India. (10a)Tuluvas race-They would found in Kanataka and Kerala state of India. (11a)Vedas race- Their hone land is Sri Lanka. (12a)Aboragine race- They would found in Australia. (13a)Papuan race- They would found in New Papua of Indonesia.

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(14a)Sumatran race- Their home land is west part of Sumatra of Indonesia.

Ther were small groups of Dravidian derivative were spread within the Islands of Indian Ocean. There are approximately 85 genetically related languages of Dravidian Peoples spoken by abbout 200 millions peoples. (A)(a)(a1)The KURUKH race could be divided into(5) sub-racial-groups.They are; (a2-1) ROANGIANS, (a2-2)Deccan, (a2-3)Chittagonian, (a2-4) Oraons, (a2-5) Kisans. (Dr.Gulab Rai and Narian Dass Oad) Thus ,the generations of Roangians could be summerized;

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2.About Roangian state(Roang Pore)

(A)(a)(1)(1a-1) Roangians and Roang state(Roang Pore) The location of Roang state is separated by Naaf River to Chittangon Divition in west,and separated by Kaladan River to Arracan(Rakhine)state in east,and Chin state in north and Sea of Bengal is in south.It is in 91degree and 93 degree longitude and 19 degree and 22 degree lattitude. Roang state is a small villages communities laid between the Naaf river and Kaladan river since 500B.C.They were administered by various kings,worriers,and rulers throughout their life but they never ruled any place of the world.The inhabitant of Roang state(Roang Pore) could be called ROANGIAN accodring to the written style of historians. The location of Roang state between longitude 92 and 93 degree and lattitude 20 and 22 degree,area of Roang state was 3564 square miles with7 townships. They are Akyab,MongDoo,Busedaung,Rasedaung,Ky auk Taw, Pon narKyun and Paletwa.The Roang state was less well-known in history because Roang state have had no hisrotians who write interesting tales and narratives about them.There were no king,no monarch,no queen

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and there were no heroic tales. But it was very ancient valliages of Dravidians.When Aryan were invaded into the home lands of Dravidians at Indus river valley of northern parts of India during 1700B.C. to 1500B.C. the inhabitant Dravidians were moved into the more coastal regions of Indian Ocean.

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In 1500 B.C. A group of Dravidians called Kurukh race were settled in coastal part of Deccan, Chittagong, and Roang Pore.Who living in Roang Pore(Roang state)were called Roangians,who living in Deccan were called Deccanian,and who living in Chittagong were called Chittagonian.At that time their religions were hinduized and pray to various gods of hindu.They spoken and written the Dravidian language which was still used in Tamil race of south India.In ancient record of Dravidian Roang Pore was recorded like (-----------). (R.CALD WELL-1913A.D.,HUTTON WEBSTER 1922) In 600B.C. King Ajata Satru was ruled Magadha, Bengal, Chittagong and Roang Pore.

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In 321 B.C. An Aryan General of Punjab named Chandragupta Maurya set up MAURYA Empire and occupied from Indus river valley to Indonesia including Roang Pore. In 246 B.C. The grandson of Chandragupta,King Asoka,the Great, was ruled in Behar and his empire ended in 227B.C. The Roang Pore was in Asoka ruled. In 100 B.C. A king named Xandrammes was ruled Bengal, Chittagong,and Roang.

B.C 275

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In 1st century A.D. to 6th centuryA.D. the Hinduized kings were ruled the most parts of Indian subcontinent including Roang, Chittagong and Deccan.At the time the Roangians were prayed various gods of Hindus.

A.D 975

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In 7th century A.D. the Pala Buddhist Empire was formed in Behar, Bengal,Roang , Nepal and Afghan. Therefore the Roangians were changed their religion from Hindu to Buddhist. The Roangians were controlled under Pala Buddhist Empire. In 770 A.D. to 810 A.D.Then the Roang state was formed into Dharma Pala dynasty and their religion was Buddhism. In 810 A.D. the Roang state formed again into Deva Pala dynasty its was last long to 850 A.D. and the Roangians were worship to the Lord Buddha. In 851A.D. the Hindu Sena Empire was set up again in Indian subcontinent.These Kings were ruled from 851 A.D. to 1200 A.D. both Roang,Chittagong,Bengal and Behar.During these period of 400 years at the time the Roangians were worshiped to various gods as Rama,Shiva and Kali Mah. In 1206 A.D. It was began establishment of Delhi. In 1288 A.D.Alauddin of Ghor king was set up the Khijil dynasty with Behar, Bengal, Roang, and Chittagong. In 1369 A.D. Timur Khan,a general of Afghan conquared the land from Syria to Bengal founded Mogul Empire.The governor of Bengal(Nawab)was ruled both Roang,Chittagong and Bengal.

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When Mogul Empire was introduced Islam in Indian subcontinent,most parts of India including Bengal,Roang ang Chittagong were accepted the consepts of Islam.Bedides this ,Sufies missionary of Islam were also spreaded rapidly all over the Bengal,Roang and Chittagong.Since the Roang state (Roang Pore) was under control of Mogul Empire. (Dr. Gulab Rai,Hutton Webster) I n 1526 A.D. The Mogul Empire was extended by Baber , his grandson Akbar(1556-1605)completed his conquests,and Mogul Enpire ruled in Delhi from Kabul to Roang pore until the Eighteen century. (Arthur Mee) In 1531 A.D. The Roang Para was a large villages(known as Akyab island) of Roangians farmers and fishermen. The total numbers of 5000 villagers were islam. In 1554 A.D. A brilliant Nawab ,Shir Khan was ruled Roang, Chittangong,Bengal and Behar. (H.G. WELLS-1922) In 1600 A.D. Queen Elizabeth of England signed the 1st Chartar of incorporation of the East India Company in 31st December,1600 A.D.

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In 1612 A.D. The first English settlement on Indian soil was made in 1612 at Surat,on the west coast of India leading by Sir Thomas Roe. In 1605 A.D. Jehan Gir,in 1627A.D. Shah Jahan were ruled. In 1669 A.D. East India Company was settled in Calcutta, Bengal . In 1687 A.D. East India Company was fully dominated in Bengal and Roang on trading. In 1749A.D. Madras was restored and Robert Clive was a clerk in East India Company who captured the Bengal later. In 1748A.D. Nizamul-mulk,the ruler of Deccan(Kurukh race)was died.Then Muzaffer Jung was ruled Deccan,Bengal,Chittagong and Roang state.

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Map
In1751 A.D. Robert Clive fought with Suraju-

daulah, hot tempered Nawab of Bengal, Roang, and Chittagong under Mogul Empire.The East India Companys establishment at Calcutta was suddenly victimised by Suraju-daulah.

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He possessed 50,000 soldiers with horses and elephants.At the time,Robert Clive have had only 3,000 soldiers who will fight to the Surju-daulah. Clive with had a handful of soldiers ovrethrown an army of 50,000 men of Suraju-daulah.Clive made the English masters of BENGAL WITH IT RICH DELTA,MIGHTY RIVERS AND TEAMING POPULATION. (Hutton Webster) Suraju-daulah,Nawab of Bengal dislike English,his army of 50,000,Clive had 3,000 soldiers at the first blow the Nawab was seized with panic and fled ;Clive was master of Bengal,Roang and Chittagong,the most fertile and populus provinces of the Mogul Empire. It was watered by Ganges,the sacred river of India and its cities were surprisingly RICH.Its capital was Moorshedabad.The Calcutta became the capital of Bengal of The great Mogul empire and head quarter of East India Company. (John Lord A.M.) In1751 A.D. Robert Clive had made himself master of Bengal,Chittagong and Roang Pore in the name of the British East India Company. (Arthur Mee1841A.D.)

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N.B. The Chittagong and Roang state were continuation of land and continuation of sea of Bengal the only sepration mark is the NAAF river 168 miles and 40 miles land.Racial similarity, land continuity and Islam religion were unique feature of the two states. Total population was 78,664.
Since the Roang state was under controlled of East India Company.

(Edward Salmon-1902 A.D.)

In1756 A.D. The Roangians were bult a small mosque named Bodor Mokam for an islamic saint from Iraq,near the beach of Akyab(Roang pore) village. (Sir Richard C Temple) In 1707 A.D. General Islam Khan of Mogal Empire was ruled the Bengal,Chittagong and Roang state. In1760A.D. The East India Company selected Mir Jaffer was a Nawab of Bengal,Chittagong and Roang state.At the same time Deccan was selected to the throne,Muzaffar Jung. (Edward Salmon-1902) In 1774 A.D. Robert Clive ,master of Roang,Chittagong and Bengal was commited suicide.

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Warren Hastings was the first Governor-General of East India Company of India subcontinent.There were 25 Viceroys or Governor-Generals of India since Warren Hsatings in 1774 A.D. to Lord Canning in 1858A.D. as the last Governor-General of East India Company and first Governor of India for British government from England. In 1776 A.D. The map of Rennel shown that the adjasent part of Chittagong there were 3 states of R that is Roang state for Roangians,Reccan state for Arakan(Rakhine) and Roshing state for Chin. In1784 A.D. The Araccan king Maha the ma da was a bad ruler who could not govern the state.Therefore the Araccanese people were called for solution to king Boo Daw of Ava in 1784 A.D.The armies of king Boo Daw occupied first Sandaway then Ramree island,then Cheduba(Man aung)island then annexed to the Capital of king, Araccan(Marauk-oo) and then the king Ma ha tama da was arrested at the age of 42 years. At the time, East India Company soldiers were strickly controlled the border along the western side of Kaladan river. The armies of king Boo Daw had completely captured the kingdom of Araccanese and the dynasty was disappeared from the worlds map. Under the Burmese king controlled,the Araccanese

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were suffered worst living standard such as loot,oppress and crime made by Burmese troops. Therefore thousands of Araccanese were refuged into Roang state.The rulers of East India Company were warmly welcome to the refugees of Araccanese who suffered badly treated by Burmese soldiers. In1785 A.D. Lord Cornwalles,the Governor-General of East India Company ruled Bengal,Chittagong,and Roang state. In 1792 A.D. East India Company formed with 16,000 Europeans and 30,000 Sepoys of natives including Roanginas. In 1794 A.D. Armies of East India Company were fought with soldiers of king Ava,Boo Daw because the Araccanese revellions(Chin byan) were disturbed to their homeland Araccan. In 1798 A.D. Lord Welleslay was the Governor-General of Bengal,Chittagong and Roang state. In 1811 A.D.The population of Roang state was 112,378. They were fermars and fisher man. In 1818 A.D. Lord Hastings was Governor-General of Bengal,Chittagong and Roang state.Before Lord Hastings left India he received an astonishing demand from the king of Burma for the restoration to that

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kingdom of a large portion of Bengal.The Burmese dominion was infact cut off from India proper by the mountain chains of north-east and by the sea.
BURMA NEVER HAD OWNED ANY PART OF BENGAL; but the lord of the white Elephant

;dwelling apart, deluded himself with vain imaginings and dreams that he was the mightiest MONARCH in the world.The reply of Hastings assumed that the message which he had received was not an official document but aforgery. (Arthur D Inns1915) In1822 A.D. Lord Amharst was Governor-General of Bengal,Chittagong and Roang state. In 1824 A.D.The 8th Janauary,1824,the commissioner of Pegu sent a letter to the king of Ava about border disputes.The 24th Janauary,1824, Burmese troops were occupied to the Roang state.Therefore Lord Amharst was declared war against king Ba kyi daw of Ava in 5thMarch,1824 A.D.The armies of East India Company was led by Major General Sir Archibal Campbell with 11,500 soldiers and 63 warships.First the army of Company occupied Chhedub Island,then Ramree Island ,then Sandoway and atlast the capital Araccan(Marauk Oo).In 11th May 1824 A.D.

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The armies of Company were captured the Dagon(later know as Rangoon)In 25th March1825 A.D. General Archibald Campbell was fought with the greatest warrior,General Bandoola of Ava,after severe attacked Bandoola was death in 25th April 1825 A.D. The Prome was captured.In February,1826 A.D. The Anglo-Burma war was ended with Treaty of Yandaboo signed by king Ava and behalf of East India Company,Major General Sir Archibald Campbell,KCP,KCTS Commissioner in Pegu and Ava,Thomas Campbell Robertson,Esqure,Civil Commissioner in Peguand Ava,and Henry Ducie Chads,captain of Companys Naval Force.The Treaty was consist 9 Articles and an additional Article.According to the treaty the Araccan state and Tenasserim Division were possessed by East India Company and the king of Ava was paid 10millions Rupees as compensation of war.

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Treaty
In 1826A.D. 1st March,1826 Lord Amharst,Governor-General of Bengal ordered that the Roang state must be combined with Araccan state then called Araccan Division.The Akyab(Roang para) was selected as a capital of newly formed Araccan Division.Therefore the company was administered the division more easy.The population of Akyab was rapidly increased both Roangians and Araccaneses.

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Hussain Ali head of the Akyab(Roang para) and his relatives and villagers were eagerly assisted and fought with armies of East India Company to Burmese troops.Therefore the Governor-General was awarded to Hussain Ali to collect the charity alms from BodorMokam mosque on behalf of honor. (N.B.Hussain Alis son was Karam Ali,his son was Abdul Rashid and he was my(Dr.Zamayraddin) grandfather) (Sir Richard C Temple) In 1827 A.D. The Araccaneses were revelled from Sandoway district to East India Company . In 1829A.D. The Araccaneses revolution was spread throughout the Division .Thus, the Governor General Lord Bentinck formed Mugh Levy with Roangians and to re-enforced to Araccan Provincial Battalion. In 1830 A.D. The East India Company was completely and successfully terminated the act of revolution of Araccaneses by the aids of Roangians. In 1836A.D. Lord Aukland was a new GovernorGeneral of Bengal, Chittagong,Araccan Division and Tenasserim Division. There were no revolution acts of Araccanese.

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In 1852 A.D. Lord Dalhousie was a new GovernorGeneral of East India Company.In his reign the 2nd Anglo-Burmese war was broke out .The East India Companys force was on its way to Rangoon.The Burmese Monarch during the last 5 to 25 years had continued to be persistantly offensive in his treatment of the British.Repeated conplaints came from the mercantile community.In1851 Dalhousies patient was nearly exhausted.A war broke out in 5th April,1852 troops were dispatched to Rangoon and on the 14th April the city was captured.The capture of Pegu on4th June and Prome on 15th October 1852 A.D.There was no treaty with Burma. It was ended in 1852 A.D. and the lower Burma upto Prome was occupied by the company. In 1857 A.D. The Governor-General ,Lord Canning was occupied the whole India including Delhi.He was the last Governor-General of East India Company.The last Mogul Empioror Bahadur Shah II was overthrown.In 1857 came the Sepoy Mutiny,a sudden uprising of the native soldiers in the northern part of the country.The mutiny disclosed the weakness of company rule and at once leed to the transfer of all governmental functions to the Crown Queen Victoria subsequently assumed the title,Empress of India.

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In 1858 A.D. The proclamation issued on 1st November transfering the government of India to Crown.The last of the companys governor-general become the first of the Vicroy.India become an Imperial charge in 1858 and Lord Canning was Vecroy. In 1862 A.D. Lord Canning left India .He was successed by Lord Elgin and was followed by Jhon Lawrence,the great ruler,then taken by Lord Mayo in Janauary,1869.They all ruled Roang state justly,calmly,and benevolently. In 1870 A.D.While British business houses developed trade and Industry,the hard-working Indian coolies imported to do MANUAL labor in the CITIES and PORTS,was followed by the Indian Chettiars or money-lenders,who established themselves as Agricultural bankers.Before the last war,there were over a MILLION Indians in the country,and the Chettiars owned about a quarter of agricultural land in the 13 principal rice growing districts. (Struggle fo Asia by Sir Francis Low) In 1885 A.D.Lord Dufferin declared war against Burmese king Tebaw in 11th November,1885.General Prendergart led with 10,000 British,Bengali,Indian and Roangians soldiers were captured the throne,

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Mandalay on 29th November,1885.In 1885 a strong British expedition took possession of Mandalay, Thebaw surrendered,annexation was decided up on,and Burma was placed under British administration. Hence the Roang state was under Burmese territory and Roangians were Burmese NATIONALITY. (Sir Francis Low) In 1887 A.D.The British were start occupie the Shan state and 19th February1991 the Mongnai,Yaksought,Mongpon ,Kentung, Mong naung,Mauk mai Sawbwar were captured completely. In 1889 A.D. 8th Janauary 1889 British soldiers were start occupie the Kachin state and in February 1891 Kachin state was completely captured. In 1888 A.D. May 4th Chin revellions were attacked to British forces,and 1889 A.D. British start occupied the Chin to completely captured in 1894.. In 1888 A.D.The British start occupied the Karenni state on 24th December,1888 and completely captured on 8th Janauary, 1890. . In 1897 A.D. The British Government put the Burma into India Empire in 1897 and the Burma was a province of India.

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Thus the Roang state was again in India territory. In 1901A.D. the population of Roang state was 381,552 and total population of Burma was 5,926,864. (Modern India by William Eleroy Curtis) In 1914 to 1918 the first world war was broke out therefore thousands of Roangians were help to British government. In 1917A.D. The British imposed the Home rule to India on 27thAugust,1917 by Sir Montagu. In 1918 A.D. Sir Rejenald Craddock was vice vecroy of Burma so the Roang state was ruled by the vecroy. In 1919 A.D. The British imposed the Dyarchy ruling system in India but omitted the Burma on 2nd May1919. In 1922 A.D.The British parliament imposed the Dyarchy ruling system in Burma. In 1931A.D. The Roangians population was 637,580. In 1935 A.D.The British government imposed the Act of Burma for administration.Then the British was partition the Burma from India and 91 posts ruling system imposed.The Roang state was again into Burma territory. In 1937 A.D.The British rice compamies such as 1.Steel Brothers Co. 2.Bullock Brother Co. 3.Ellerman Arakan Rice Trading Co.

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4.Inglo-Burma Rice Trading Co. 5.Fairweather Richards Co. 6.East Asiatic Co. were formed the Bullinger Pool in 1921. Therefore the Burmese people were disliked those companies. In 1932 A.D. Mr. Gani Marakan (cousan of Abdul Rashid)was elected as a parliament member from Mong doo and Busedong district. In 1938 A.D. The Nationalists were stimulated to the people of Burma to attacked the Indians and their shops made a riot.The Burmese called Kular-Bamarh adikayone. In 1939 A.D. The 2nd world war had stated on 1st september, 1939.The Roangians were helped to British with heart and soul. In 1940 A.D. 10th May the British Government urged to Burmese people to asist in war but the Burma and India rejected the proposal of England.

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(4)The Massacre in Roang state In 1942 A.D. The massacre was happened in Roang state during the 2nd world war.The 2nd World War broke out in Europe invation of Nazi of Germany in 1st September,1939.In1940 the British Government could not administer Burma perfectly.Therefore the Burmese University students led by Ko Aung San seek way to revel the British.The Araccan Division was controlled by Rajputs and Gorkah polices of British Government till 1941.Whem the European frontier of British were loose to Nazi,the administeration on Araccan Division start collapsed.When the British forces withdraw from the Araccan division there were no law and order in the division.The Independent movement of Burma patriotics were gathered youths in Araccan Division.Bon pauk Tha kyaw,U Aung Zan Wai,U Tha Zan Hla,U Aung Tun Oo,U Thein Kyaw Aung,U Kyaw Ya,U Pinnyar Theha,U San Tun Aung, and U Pan Aung were formed pro-Independence Activists group of Araccan Division.They saved arms and ammunitions from Akyab Jail and from Araccanese Divisioner U Oo Kyaw Khaing.Fortunately Sir Dorman Smith given some arms and ammunitions to Roangians to deter the Japanese invation to Araccan Division.The Japanese bomberds were dropped bombs onto Akyab township on 23rd March,1942.

39
Major Yan Aung led Burmese petriotic forces(BIA) with Karens from Irrawaddy delta region were arrived Taung goke,Ramree,Minbra,Ponnar kyun and Akyab district on 7th May,1942.The Japanese bombarts were droped bombs into Akyab,Kyauk taw,Rasedong,Mongdoo and Busedong.First Yet chaung villiage of Roangians was burnt by Thein Kyaw Aung,Kyaw Ya and Pann Aung.The Araccanese Activists told to Major Yan Aung that the Roangians were from Chittagong and they were enemy of Burma.The Roangians and Rajputs were very similar in skin-texure.Meanwhile the invader of Burmese troops led by Major Yan Aung and local Araccanese led by Bonpouk Thar kyaw,Aung zan wai were start slaughtered the Ronagians looted their all properties through out the Roang state systematically as a militery operation.From 7th may to 7th August 1942 within 3 months of period 300 villiages of Roangians were completely burnt and more than 100,000 inocent Roangians adults,women, and children from Akyab,Kyauk taw,Rasedong,Ponnar kyun and Paletwa were utterly,helplessly MASSACRED.My (Dr. Zamayraddin) grandfather and grandmother(mother side) were murdered in a day and their all properties were looted and burnt their home by Araccanese activists .My mother-9 year old and 4 brothers and a sisater left in world.Thousands of Roangians fled

40
to Mong doo and Busedong and some into India.But unfortunately 20,000 Araccanese were also killed in Roang state. From 7th May to 7th August,1942,except Mong doo and Busedong,all Araccan Division was occupied by BIA and Japanese troops.The BIA marched to Busedong and fought with Roangians but they were lost 23 soldiers and officiers including Captain Yan Naung and Captain Myo Nyunt.Afterward BIA withdrew from Busedong on 26th June,1942.Although the BIA and Araccanese revellionists were eliminated most Roangians from Rasedong,Kyauk taw,Ponnar kyun,and Paletwa.But the Divisioner of Akyab U Oo Kyaw Khaing and 20,000 Araccaneses were killed in frontier area. After arrival of Japanese troops in Akyab the Araccanese leader U Tha Zan Hla and Buddhist monk U Pinnyar Thiha were negotiated with Islamic leader such as Advocate U Pho Khaing and Lawer Yasin in Busedong.But M.D. Maracan,Molvi Abul Khair,Molvi Amir Hanza and Arshad Hussain were refused to discuss with Araccanese leader because they were completely administered Mong doo and Busedong till 1945 A.D. First the Japnese troops were bitterly behaved to Roangians that they were resembling with British sepoys and the Araccanese have been told to Japan that

41
Roangians were actually Chittagonians not from Araccan Division.My(Dr.Zamayraddin)father,Molvi Abdul Hamid,M.A. graduated from Calcutta University in 1936,was learnt Japanese in a short period .Then he could explain to Japanese that they were not sepoy of British,actually they were inhabitant of Roang state which laid between the kaladan river and naaf river and Akyab was formerly known as Roang para.Afterward atrocities of Japnese were markly reduced. The 1942 Massacre was the greatest nightmare for my mothers family.Because of my mothers great grandfather, Hussain Ali was head of Akyab(Roang para)villiage who loyalist to British since 1824A.D.My mothers grandfather(father side) Karam Ali was a great landlord possessed more than 10,000 Acras of paddy field and the first man of much money depositted to Akyab bank(may be Chartar or Lloyd bank)at the time.After 1942 great massacre in Roang state, my mothers family became the poorest family in Akyab.Like that many rich Roangians were turned poor and needy in Roang state. In conclution,thousands of Roangians lost their lives,homes and properties.Beside this all majority towns of Roangians were changed minority population status except Mong doo and Busedong township. The aims and ambitions of Araccanese to eliminate

42
all Roangians from Roang state was succeeded.The Araccanese could exploided the pro-independent movement of Burmese people.They could cleaverly organised to BIA and Japanese troops that Roangians were Chittagonians and British Sepoy(soldiers).After 1942 Massacre in Roang state,Roangians were lost their Dignity,Properties,and Majority in every town of Roang state.Therefore it could be take a longer time to cure the pains for healed.Truely the Roangians were suffered the pains of bodily and mentaly of 1942 Massacre were still go on. In 1943 A.D.After occupation of Japan to Araccan Division,first the Japanese were misunderstood that the Roangians were resembling to British Sepoys(soldiers) who were mostly Tamils and Bengalis.Then Japanese were used to and familiar with Roangians.This fact was badly suffered to Araccanese that Roangians were dociled with Japanese soldiers. From now on, the great animosity was borned in the heart of Araccanese to Roangians. In 1945 A.D. The federation of Ameracan and British were reoccupied the Araccan Division,therefore the Roangians were warmly welcome to their old master,British.In Burma,the Pongyi-inspired revellion of 1930 and Anti-Indian riots of 1938 were

43
aimed primarily at Indian money-lenders,but were rooted in a desire to oust British rule and all forms of foreign control. Britain made it clear to both India and Burma that their unqualified support in the struggle against Nazi aggression would lead to their recognition as selfgovernment member. (Sir Francis Low) In 1946 A.D. The British plan of gradually introducing self-government in India applied to Burma,but when the British Government separated Burma from India under the 1935 Government of India Acts, politically minded Burmans opposed the idea. On the invitation of the British Prime Minister,ATTLEE a Burma delegation headed by U Aung San visited London early the 1946;an agrreement was reached reconizing the Executive Concil as an Interin Government on the dominion model and providing the Burmas future should be decided by a Constituent assambly to be elected in Aril,1947. (Sir Francis Low) In 1947 A.D. This was yet another fly in Burma nationalist ointment .Of the conutrys population of roughly 17 millions,a quarter are Hill people with autonomous ambitions of thir own.

44
They include the Karen,the tribemen of Shan states in the north-east,the Chins and Kachins of the north and the Araccanese of the west and the Mon of the southern part of Burma. (Sir Frincis Low) In 1947 A.D. PANG LONG AGREEMENT In 1945 August the American B-52 aeroplane dropped two Atom bombs onto Japan land afterward the Japanese King was surrendered.The Japanese troops were rapidly withdrew from Araccan Division.In spite of war,the Roangians were formed V-force with the aid of ZERO-intelligence of BritishAmerican Alliance.Therefore the alliance were easily captured the Araccan Division.The Roangians were supported to British with heart and soul since 1751 A.D. at the reign of East India Company.Threrfore,the British authorities and army officiers such as Colonel Phillip,Major Aqualli always granted for a Autonomous state within the territory of Burma after the Indipendence. In 1946 A.D. General Aung San headed the delegation to London for Indipendent discussion with British Prime Minister Mr Attlee.The delegate member U saw and U Ba Sein did not signed the Pre- agreement of Indipendence.Beside this ,some ethnic

45
groups sent telegram to Attlee that they could not agree with U Aung San and he was not their real representative .The unsuccessful team backed to Burma then General Aung San tried to organized the ethnic groups with his utmost efforts.U Aung San visited to Akyab in April,1946,he was negotiated with Araccanese leaders such as Bonpauk Tha kyaw,Aung Zan Wai. However U Aung San did not negotiate with any Roangians leader there were hundreds of thousands Roangians in Araccan Division.He also gave a speech to Mong doos Roangians people that they all must be united. Again In Janauary,1947 General Aung San left for London meeting with Mr Attlee about Indipendence.Mr Attlee explained to General Aung San that the Burma territory was not a single state,it was a mixture of states,Roang state was occupied since 1751,Araccan and Tennasserim state were occupied since 1824,the Mandalay throne was occupied in 1885 and remainning states such as Shan,Kachin,Chin,and Karenni were occupied after 1890.Therefore General Aung San need an agreement of UNITY with all communities of the territory. Without a firm agreement of all ethnic races it should not be formed a greater Nation.

46
General Aung San had visited to New Delhi before he left for London met with Indian leaders,Naru,Ali Jinnah.Mr Ali Jinnah explained to U Aung San that Pakistan should be formed with Muslim majority provinces.Thus the Roang state,west part of Kaladan river of Araccan have had a majority of Islam whos dwellers could be combination with Chittangong province.These two states were cotinuation of land and related racial gruop.But British departition the Roang state from Chittagong state since 1824 and conbination with Araccan state of Burma.Mr Ali Jinnah did not wanted the Roang state to stayed in East Pakistan because the danger of break down the state and formed a newly state of Chittangong and Roang.But General Aung San want the land, did not want Roangians.In fact there were some Roangians wanted to stay with Pakistan and some Roangians wanted to stay in Burma.Finally,in spite of dislike to Roangians,General Aung San agreed to Mr Ali Jinnah that the Roang state should stayed in Burma territory. Howewver General Aung San was returned from London,he met with all ethnic leaders except Roangians.He also recognization Aung Zan Wai as a legal representative of Araccan Division to attend the Pang Long Convention.

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Within a month of time,General Aung San had discussed with the leader of Shan,Kachin,Chin,Karenni,Karen, Mon and Araccan,he told them that there were no efficency to set up a small nation therefore we need more greater ,more effective nation,on the basis of equility to form a Union. General Aung San and ethnic leaders had been signed an agreement called Pang Long Agreement on 12th february,1947 in Pang Long township,Loi lem district,Southren Shan State.On this agreement ,22 liberated Shan Sow bwars,Kachin Duwas,Karenni Sao phar,Chin representative,Araccanese leader Aung Zan Wai,Paoh leader Khun htee and other leaders had been signed.This Agreement should be shown to the British government that we were United and formed a Union of Burma.Wether General Aung San should not organized those ethnic leaders,there were no way to bear a nation called Burma.But It was regretable to Roangians though they were hundreds of thousands people in Roang state have omitted to sign in Pang Long Agreement. However there was some reasons to invitation to Pang Long and omitted to Roangians.(1)Roangians had supported to British and fougth with BIA during 1942,(2)Araccanese were claimed that they had owned the Bengal and Roangians were in fact

48
Chittagonians whom migrated into the land after 1824 A.D.,(3)All Provinces of Burma were Buddhist except Roang state,therefore Burmese leaders did not want to permit a Islamic state within Burmese territory.They wanted the land,Roang state,they did not want to accept Roangians as an indigenous race of Burma. In conclution,the Pang Long Agreement was the first step to oust the Roangians from Burmese territory.It was a single aim of all Buddhists of the country to discreminate the Roangians. In 1947 A.D. A Constituent Assembly was elected in April,1947.At the beginning Burmese learders prohibited to be elected to Roangians in election. The Roangians leaders sent telegram to Mr.Attlee,he urged to General Aung San that the Roangians should be elected their members for constituent assembly.Sultan Ahmad and M.A. Gafar were elected from Roang state. In 19th May,1947 A.D. A national convention held for draft a constition. In 19th July 1947 General Aung San and other 6 were assassinated.

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In 24th September,1947 A new constitution was appropriately enough,based on the Irish model of 1937,drafted by 111 members of elected persons,lawers and other representatives had been passed it from constituent assembly. BURMESE CONSTITUTION OF 1947 Under the shorter period of time,limitted condituon and without discuss broadly with all parties of the nationalities of Burma,1947 constitution was draft by a comittee of 111 members of costituent assembly,representatives of indigenous races,lawers and scolars.Greater area of land,shan state,was composed with south-north-Ken kung states and multiraces must be combined in the union was far-most important than other provinces.General Aung San told the comittee that to consider the present condition of the nation and blingfoldly could not draft the constitution on 4th july,1947.The constituent assembly was meeting on 19th May,1947 and approved the matters concerned.On 124th September,1947 the constituent assembly decided and approved the new constitution of union of Burma,1947. The Constitution imposed that a nation,union of Burma composed with;

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Section 2.(a)All territories Ruled by the vecroy of Burma by the British Crown, (b)Karenni province. (Dr. Maung Maung) In 1948 A.D.The Union Of Burma was born on 4th Janauary, 1948.It was the Independent day of the union of Burma.The Roang state was comprising within the union of Burma again. The constitution of 1947 described the Nationality of the union of Burma should be ; Section 10. There were one kind of nationality of the union of Burma, Section 11 The Nationality should be ; (a) Someone who was borned from a parent of any kind of Indigenous race, (b) Someone who was descendent of any kind of Indigenous race of grandparent(of any one), (c) Nationality or a parent who had chance to be claimed an Indigenopus race of Burmese territory on 4th Janauary, 1948, and (d) Someone who was born within the territory of the Crown of British and continuosly have being lived in Burma atlease 8 years in term of 10 years. (Dr. Maung Maung)

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Therefore ,according to the constitution of the union of Burma,the Roangians who had been lived in Ronag state comprising in Burma since before the Crist Era,were the NATIONALITY of union of Burma.

(5) AFTER INDEPENDENCE OF BURMA In 1948 A.D. Accordence with the constitution of union of Burma on 4th Janauary,1948 the union of Burma was born a independent country in the world from the colonial state of Crown of British.It was called the Indipendent day of the union of Burma. Thus the fade of Roangians were begun from under Mauryagupta,King Asoka,King xandremmes,Various Hidus Kings,Pala empire,Deva Pala empire,Senna empire,Delhi empire,Mogul empire,East India Company,British colony,now under the controlled of the union of Burma.

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THE CITIZENSHIP LAW OF 1948 According to the constitution of 1947 the Indigenous race must be defined.Therefore the citizenship law of 1948 had defined the Indigenous races were;1.Shan 2.Kachin 3.Karenni 4.Karen 5.Chin 6.Mon 7.Burmah 8.Araccan and 9.who had been dwelled as a prime inhabitant in the territory of the union of Burma before 1823 A.D.. Therefore the Roangians had been lived in thr territory of union of Burma before 1823 A.D. and they were automatically under the catagory of Indigenous race of Burma. According to the Burmese constitution of 1947 the Roangians were Nationality of the union of Burma and according to the citizenship law of 1948 of Burma the Roangians were the Indigenous Race of union of Burma. In 1948A.D. A group of Roangian petriotic youths led by Zafar Hussain and Abbas were formed Mujahedeen league on 11th April,1948 and their first battle with Burmese army broken out on 15th May,1948 at Phon daw Byin village Maung doo district. In 1948 A.D.Autonomy demands,backed in some cases by force,were made by the Mons of Tennasserim and the Muslims(formerly used for Roangians) of Arakan Division. (Sir Francis Low)

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In 1948 A.D. The Priminister U Nu was sent a delegation to negotiate with Roangians revellion but it was failed. In 1948 A.D. Burma Rifle no.5 was set fire Maung Ni village of Roangians and murdered villiagers on 10th November,1948. In 1949 A.D. Mujahedeen occupied west part of Kaladan river except Akyab. In 1950 A.D. Priminister U Nu and Parkistan ambassador were arrived at Maung doo and U Nu adressed and sent condolance for murdered villagers on 10th March,1950. In 1950A.D. Abdul Gafar(parlaiment member for Busedong) was wrote about Roangians in Guardian News paper in September,1950.His notion on Roangians issue was first publicly declaration about Roangians.At the same time,Anti-Roangians group of Araccan,Bon pauk Thar kyaw,Akyab immigration officier Faw Zan,U Ba San,U San Tun Aung,and U Hla Tun Phyu have had wrote about Anti-Roangian issue and Araccanese monk(phon gyi) were took hunger strike at Shwe Da Gon pagoda Rangoon. In 1954 A.D. Priminister U Nu was adressed that the Ronaginas were Nationality of Burma like other races.

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Replying to critics who complained that U Nu was selling the country to the west,U Nu declared that his Government would accept aids from any quarter without political condition. (Sir Francis Low) In 1956 A.D. The Priminister and Defence minister U Ba Swe have had adressed that the Ronagians were Nationality of Burma and Indigenous race of Burma according to laws. In 1960 A.D. M.A. Thahir-Ba Tha wrote about Roangians on Guardian News paper from 1960 to 1961 A.D. In 1961 A.D. The Roangians Programme was broadcasting from Burma Braodcasting Service(BBS) in Indigenous programme from15th May,1961 to 1st October,1965. In 1961 A.D. Major General Aung Gyi(2nd Chief of Defence) had speech on the ocation of surrensder ceremony of Mujahedeen that Roangians were our Indigenous race that they must be loyal to Burma. In 1962 A.D. General Ne Win was coup the administration power from U Nu on 2nd March,1962. In 1964 A.D. General Ne Win Government banned the political parties of Roangians;Roangian Solidarity party,Roangian Student Association,Roangian Youths,Rangoon Universioty student of Roangians,

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Association of Araccan Muslim,Roangian Jamia-tulolamar ect. April,1964 Burma Socailist Party was set up with the members of indigenous races left the Roangians.The central committee members were army generals. In 1973A.D. The Militery Government took nation wide CENCUS in 1973.The authorities denied to fill the racial name,Roangian on the block.They forcefully filled the name Bangali on the block instead of Roangian.It was another step of Burma Government to Eliminate the Ronagians from the country. In 1973 A.D. The final step of the socialist constitution was cast ballots in the whole conutry in March,1973.This constitution sent the Roangians to anoter hell that Roangians had no chance can be elected in parliament.Bedide this the Roangians were gone too far away from the list of indigenous race of Burma.The militery Government drafted the constitution for the socialisiam headed by Major General San Yu and 97 representatives.The constitution was not base on democratic process,it was one way comanded by General Ne Win.The constitution could not grantee for the publics,it was enlargened the ruling period of Burmese way to Democracy.The 1974 constitution section 146 describe theat 1.be a nationality 2.become a nationality and 3. ceded the

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nationality will accordance with the becoming citizenship laws. According the rules of socialist party and the constitution,there were no Roangian can represent in socialist parliament.All constituency of Araccan Division were elected by Araccanese representatives. Especially Tun Hla Phyu and party made some fake documents about Roangians to submitted to Present Ne Win that Ronagians were actually Chittangonians who migrated into Araccan Division after 1824 by the aid of British.The Araccanese representatives start to try the elimination process on Roangians and Bangalanization to all Roangians then expelled them from the territory of Burma,afterward they want the sole owner of the Araccan Division.Araccanese leader,Tun Hla Phyu(naing-gan-daw council member)made some fake and forgery report named James Bexters migration report on Chittagonians from Bangal.The team was formed with head J. Bexter,U Tin Htut and proffessor Mr. Dasai(Rangoon university)were members and formed in 1939 at beginning of the 2nd World War.The team reported that 40,000 Chittagonians anually entered into Araccan Division and later racial riots will be happened therefore the migration must be stop at once.These fake reports angered to short and narrow minded, hot temper,

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Present U Ne Win.Therefore U Ne Win ordered to check the Bangali population in Araccan Division. Then Anti-Roangians campaigns were started in Araccan Division. In 1978A.D. The Araccanese leaders were successfullly implementation anti-Roangians among the authorities.Then Dragon(nagar min)operation was held on 11th February,1978 at Akyab township,8th May,1978 at Busedong and 9th May,1978 at Mong doo with 400 immigration officiers,army,polices,and socialist party and councils.They rushed and roughly operated as a militery operation to enemy.Therefore 195,000 Ronagians were fled to Bangladesh.The Bangladesh was independence in 1971 and the poor condition of the country,she urged the affair to Burmese Government to solved the dispute about Roangians.The Present U Ne Win of Burma refused to accept the Roangians and claimed that they actually Chittagonians of Bangladesh not from Burma proper.The Bangladesh Government wisely reported to U.N., intervention the Roangians issue.At last the Burma Government had no way except accept the Roangians as their Nationality according to the treaty of British prime minister Attlee-Aung San,Attlee-U Nu.

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195,000 Roangians were backed again their home land by the Hin Tha operation. In 1978 A.D. After received 195,000 Roangians from Bangladesh,the anger of President U Ne Win reached it peak level.Therefore he urgently ordered to the law commission to draft a citizenship law which may make the Roangians to a state-less condition. In 1979 A.D. President U Ne Win directed the guaide line to Naing-gan-daw council,Central comittee of Socailist Party,and Chiefs of department of States on 22nd September,1979.U Ne Win guaided and pointed out following facts; 1.Before independence,there were thousands of foreigners in country and 1947 constitution was drafted only for the independence cause,there were a lot of weak points,so must draft a citizenship law to control the forigners especial those who lived in border area, 2.Now draft the citizenship law must be combenient with the special issue what happened in the border area of Burma, 3.In 1948 citizemship law had consist (a)be a nationality and (b)selection of a nationality of Burma,it was expired on 30th April,1950.But 1974 constitution,section146 impose (a)be a nationality

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(b)become a nationality fron other country and (c) ceded the nationality. 4.There must be needed a law for foreigners and state-less because in 1948 citizenship law did not imposed exactly what to do the state-less, 5.The new citizenship law must be contained (a) Indigenous races (b)be a nationality (c) become a nationality (d) ceded the nationality and (e)nullify from nationality(state-less), 6.Indigenous race means ever-lining in the country from long ago and their generations are also indigenous races.Formerly national was more prefered and widely used in the country but now we must used the Indigenous race instead of national.Therefore Shan,Kachin,Karen,Kayah,Chin,Mon,Burmah and Araccan(Rakhine)were indigenous races.And who lived before 1823 A.D. could not give chance for indigenous race because 1947 constitution was only for indeoendence purpose Now it could not be considered, 7.Beside Shan,Kachin, Karen,Kayah,Chin,Mon, Burmah,and Araccan,there were other races also living in the country therefore racial list must be gathered,

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8.The highest authoritative power had in hand of Naing-gan-daw council,they must be decided wether a race was indigenous or not, 9.The children of foreigners must kept as 2nd class nationality, 10.Before independence,there were gave much chances to foreigners but now it could not give them such chances because hybrid could not beleive and unsafe for the nation, 11.The foreigners especially in the border area must be thoroughly decided and took advices from indigenous race of border area, 12.Indigenous racces and nationality have equal chances but become a nationality and foreigners could not deserved such chances, 13.Some foreigners(Ronagians)were migrated into the country before independence and still they living in our country but we did not give them equal chances and cautiously did such matter critized by other country, 14.In 1947 constitution and 1948 citizenship law,someone was ceded the nationality,he was assume that the nationality of his native country.But there were no mention how could do the state-less people.

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If a foreigner was deported to his country if refused to accept him from his native country there were no law in 1947 and 1948 laws.So we need a good law to handle the foreigners, 15.After independence of Burma,generally there were no foreigners in country and no permission for them.However foreigners settlers were lived in country long ago.(refer to Roangians) ( 16).Therefore we must considered and drafted laws for state-less and detained them in jails a term and then give them foreigner registration card and restriction their movement,jobs and marriage.President U Ne Win also gave a guide line and directions on 6th November,1979 and 11th December,1979. Above mentions 16 facts were designed and targeted to made the Roangians as state-less people in Burma.The animosity of Presinent U Ne Win toward Roangians could be seen clearly. He and his fellowers,Araccanese want to made the Roangians become a state-less people. In 1982 A.D. The Citizenship law of 1982 was imposed by Socialist Parliament.It was designed to targeted the Roangians were kept as State-less in Burma. Along the border line of Burma, except Roangians,all races were recognised as indigenous races of Burma.

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Eventhough,Roangians were million people in Burma,U Ne Wins Government assumed that Roangians were foreigners.In fact,the Aung San-Attlee and Nu-Attlee treaty had been determined whom living western part of Naaf river were East Pasrkistans nationality and whom living in the eastern part of Naaf river were Burmas nationality.After 34 years(19481982),President U Ne Win wanted to imposed the Roangians as State-less,it must be illegal.The 1947 constitution and Citizenship law of 1948 had been recognized the Roangians to Burmas nationality and indigenous race of Burma.Internationally had been condemed the Citizenship law which breached the Universal law of Human rights.Therefore the Socialist Government could not apply the citizenship law till 1988. In 1988 A.D. General demonstration to Socialist Government took place on 8th August,1988(8.8.88). It was nationwide opposition to the Socialist Government of President U Ne Win for their poor administration since 1962.Then the Militery of Burma coup the STATE Power on18th September,1988. In 1989 A.D.The Miliotery ruler announced that they will held multi-party election on 27th May,1990. Therefore the Militery ruler implementation to the task of President U Ne Win that realized the

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citizenship law of 1982.Roangians were denied to give nationality selecting registeration card. I(Dr.Zamayraddin )was also denied to give such card. In 1990 A.D. Multi-party election was hold on 27th May,1990 and National League For Democracy(NLD) won in election with 80%of constituencies.But the result of election was neglected by Militery ruler. In1992 A.D.The 2nd plight of Roangians were fled to Bangladesh 250,000 people.The Militery ruler realized the citizenship law of 1982 which made Roangians as State-less. I (Dr.Zamayraddin) left for Bangladesh for research work about Roangians why Burna Governments were denied us as a nationality of Burma and whom we are.Atlast i could conpiled a History about Roangians. In 1994 A.D. The intervention of UN and western countries, Burmas Militery ruler accepted the 250,000 Roangians as their nationality from Bangladesh.Since the UNHCR and WFP were looked after the Roangians. In 1997 A.D. I(Dr.Zamayraddin) came back from Bangladesh on 25th April,1997 and surrender to Militery camp of Tamu,Sagaing Division.On 27th July,1997 the Intelligent of Militery sent me home

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after thoroughly checked then recognized me as a historian of Roangians. In 2008 A.D. The 3rd constitution was approved by general voting of Burmese people.It was recognized by 92.93% of Burmese people said the Militery Government. In 2010 A.D. General election hold for 75% of constituency and rest of 25% from Militery representatives.The new Government led by President U Thein Sein. In 2012 A.D. On 28th May,2012 Ma Thida Htwe was raped by 3 young muslims from Kyauk ni maw village,Ramree district, Araccan Division.On 3rd June,2012 the Nazipara bazaar was struggled by some Araccanese.On 6th June,2012 ,10 muslims were mercilessly slaughtered at Taung gote township.On 9th June,2012 some 500 houses of Buddhism were burnt by some Roangians youths at Mong doo township.On 10th June more than 5,000 houses of Roangians were burnt by Araccanese people.It was another nightmare for Roangians sa 1942 did.

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(6) CONCLUTION Dravidian desendents had been lived in Roang state for thousands years.The oldest people in Burma,now ,the gratitude of Anti-Roangian Araccanes group and Late General,President U Ne Win made Roangians to Foreigners of Burma by Citizenship law of 1982.Before the Independence of Burma,Roangians were lived under various Rulers. British,the best ruler of all,to rule Roang state since 1751 A.D.when Robert Clive of East India Company occupied and captuered the Bengal, Chittagong and Roang state.

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They ruled Roang state justly,calmly and benevolently to Roangians until 1948 A.D.Therefore, Roangians did not knew what is politics,why important the History of race,who are friends and who are their enemy.But the stormy nightmare born from 1942 A.D.,in spite of British withdrew from Burma and annexation of Japan into Burma.The plan of cleansing the Roangians from Roang state made by some Araccanese leaders with the aid of Burma Independent Army(BIA),Karen and Japanese troops slaughtered 100,000 Roangians.After Independence of Burma,Roangians had no unity,some called themselves Araccanese Muslims,some called themselves Muslim they affinity to Parkistan,the majority were uneducated and they did not know who were they,a littel educated people knew that they were Roangians.At the beginning of 1950 A.D. Abdul Gafar, first of all he claimed that we were Roangians.But lack of knowledge,scarcity of history books,released Roangians histories were deviated from the true history of Roangians.The Roangian historians were quoted to G.E.Harvey,Morice Collis, D.G.E. Hall,Sir Arthue Phayre.Actually these westerners writers were wrote their books about Araccan,they translated the history of Araccan written by Ram ree south Saya daw(pongyi) Pegu min kyaung Saya daw(pon-gyi),

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Dwa ra waty missionery Saya daw(pon-gyi),U Tha Tun Aung and U Aung Tha Oo based on Buddhist Literatures. Therefore,our Roangians histories were deviated from the original route of Dravidian stock.This fact was knock down the Roangians as Chittagonians who migrated into Burma after 1824 A.D. by expression of Araccanese Anti-Roangians leaders and Governments of Burma since General Ne Win reflecting the view of Araccanese.The reality was opposite,that was, Roangians were original Inhabitant of Roang state,descendent of Dravidian.Araccanese were migrated from either Behar (according to histories of Pon-gyis) or China-Mongoloid (according to the historian Dr.Aye Chan).Therefore Araccanese were migrated into the Araccan thousands years later and they had never possessed the Roang state through out the history but they inventing a false story that their king Minbin defeated the Mogul Emporor Huma yoon,he was mightiest slauterer of men.The greatest misfortune of Roangians was,they had no king therefore the British East India Company took Araccan in 1824 A.D. and they combined the Roang and Araccan to honor the king Araccan, called Araacn Division.In fact the Roang state was seperated from Araccan long ago.It did not mean that there were no

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Roang state and no Roangians in history.The Araccan was mention in Puranas as Raccan Pore and Roang state as Roang Pore.Now the Roangians were known as the most oppressed poeple in the world and mentioned in medias as state-less reflecting the Citizenship law of 1982 by imposed by Late General,President of Burma, U Ne Win. I(Dr.Zamayraddin) was born on 16th July,1959 at Loilem township,Southern Shan State.I have got National Registration Card in 1973 with racial named Muslim.In 1989 A.D. when i applied for Nalional Selecting Card filled the racial name Roabgian,the immigration department rejected my application and they told in Burma no Ronagian in the list of 135 indigenous races.I said to officer if i will fill Muslim in racial name,he also rejected.This fact awaken me and i must tried to realize our history.On 26th June,1992 i left for Bangkok then Dhaka,Bangladesh.Then i arrived Coxs Bazaar township near Burma border there had been arrived more than 250,000 Roangians refugees.First of all,i need to know where the Roang state is? and how i implimentation it.Old men could told about Roang state,therefore i had interviewed with 1052 above 80 years lod Bangladeshi who living near Burma.I asked them where the Ronag state is? Which is it location ? 855 old men told me that the Roang

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Pore(some called Roang shoharr) is,between Naaf river and Kaladan river.They visited so many time to Roang state at ruling period of British.And they had told me that the Chittagong and Roang state were one continuous land separated by Naaf river and 2 races living together many years ago.Now i could traced our native land,Roang state.Afterward,i studied so many historical books about Dravidian,India n,Bangli,Araccanese,and Burman.Within 5 years i could compiled the rough story of Roangians.The Bangladesh foreign ministry recorded the dwellers of Roang state were as Roangians(Rohingyas) in their office,they never accepted us as Bangladeshi or Bangli or atleast Chittagonians.Bangladesh Government called us Roabgians and recognized as Burmas Nationality. Thus i had compiled a booklet called HISTORY OF ROANGIANS dated from 30,000 BCE to 2012 A.D.E. I would like to mention the Roangian History in date by date because our race has no memorable events of King,Queen and Battles of heros.We were ruled by King Ajata Satru to British empire,then Burna Government.Un fortunately after the Independence of Burma,there were Buddhist majority states and divisions except Roang state where muslim were majority.The attitudes of Burma Governments were never

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like the Roangians in the country but they have had no firm way to expel the Roangians fron the country.In these way,more than 60 years,Roangians suffered various pains bodily and mentally.Therefore my compilation could be eased their tension and our community may be stood in the country with honor of human being and getting full extent of human rights.Actually Burmese authorities told Roangians as Bangali was totally wrong because Bangalis were descendent of Aryan and Roangians were descendent of Dravidian(black skinned,black eyes,black hairs,short nose,and mean hight).So i felt that the Bumese authorities could be differentiated the Roangians from Banglis. I confess that it was not complete history of Roangians but its my best effort,little knowledge,poor condition oppressive status,it willbe given some extent of relief to Roangians. I congratulated to my great-greatgrandfather,Hussain Ali who was honor by East India Company for the bravery and good-will to British in 1826A.D. And Karam Ali son of Hussain Ali,was a landlord,and the highest amount of money to save in Akyan bank as the first man of Akyab and his son,Abdul Rashid was a millionear and he was my(Dr.Zamayraddin)grandfather.

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My aim to compile a history about Roangians was not lead to disintegration from Burma,we were lovingly staying in the country since years.However unwanton acts of some parties made the situation more confusion than ever.Therefore we need seek solution on bilateral or trilateral negotiation between Government,Araccaneses and Roangians.Unilateral blaming and solution will make disunion and shameful acts infront of the world.My history on Roangians was not complete therefore any one,any party may critisize openly kandidly and warmly welcome to any advice for Roangians.I do not want to called the Roangians as state-less because in civilized association of the world could be given a piece of land for a man.Bangladesh bitterly rejected Roangians as their Nationality and Burma made Roangians as state-less. It was not a good solution for both counties.Roangians were either Bangladeshs nationality or Burmas nationality it could be decided according the history and treaties between British-India,British-Burma. I believed that we are Roangians and from Roang state,western part of Burma thus we are indigenous race of Burma and Nationality of Burma. Dr.Zamayraddin 15th September,2012 A.D. Yangon,Burma

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Table (1) Roangians Population Of Roang State
Township 1751A.D.- 1811A.D. -1911A.D.-1931A.D.1951A.D. Akyab 15,342 21,763 49,539 71,163 110,442 Mong doo 17,264 21,502 118,205 139,078 193,600 Busedong 10,887 15,114 63,679 91,198 156,950 Rasedong 10,097 16,667 56,789 75,447 81,973 Kyauktaw 9,194 15,112 58,820 111,768 113,973 Palet wah 8,566 11,273 36,277 55,385 70,274 Ponnarkyun 7,311 15,947 51,805 83,541 84,551 Total 78,664 112,378 434,164 637,580 811,792

Immigration minister said there were 1,000,000 Roangians living in the state in 2012 A.D.

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Table (2)
The Area of Roang State was 3,564 square miles The Cultivation land area was 227,956 Acres of paddyfield Townships of Roang state was 7 townships Populations of Roang state was 347,608 in 1901 A.D.

1901 A.D.

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Table (3) Dravidian language was Agglutinative and the word order is Subject+Object+Verb pattern.It has 10 vowels a,a;e,e;u,u;i,i;o,o;ai;au;ay;av;aw; English---Tamil----Kurukh-----Urdu 1 O-dru Onta Eak* 2 irandu indin doh* 3 mu du mund teenn* 4 na gu nakh kyarr* 5 ain thu pance* panch 6 a ru soyyae* chae 7 e lu satte* satt 8 e u atthe* att 9 onpathu naimye now* 10 patthu dasse* das Roangians used this * numerical pronunciation.