GUIDELINES FOR B.

TECH TRAINING REPORT

1

The Training report shall be computer typed (English- British, Font

-Times Roman, Size-12 point) and printed on A4 size paper. 2 The Training report should be spiral bound. 3 The Training report shall be typed on one side only with 1.5 lines space with a margin 3.5 cm on the left, 2.5 cm on the top, and 1.25 cm on the right and at bottom. 4 In the Training report, the title page [Refer sample sheet] should be given first then the Certificate given by the company, followed by an acknowledgment, and this should be followed by the abstract(not exceeding 1500 words), contents with page no.s list of figures/ list of tables, notations/nomenclature. 5 In the body of the text, a reference should be indicated giving author name and year of publication in parenthesis such as (Singh and Shan, 2002). 6 The reference should be given at the end of the project report in alphabetical Order indicating: i) The authors name and his initials ii) The title of the paper and name of the journal iii) The name of the book and the publisher iv) The number of the volume, page numbers, and the year of publication (v) standard abbreviation may be used in the names of the journals For Example: 1 Singh, S. and Shan, H. S. (2002) Development of Magneto Abrasive Flow Machining Process, International Journal of Machine Tools & Manufacturing, vol. 42, 2, 2002, pp. 953-959. 2 Laroiya, S.C. and Adithan, M. (1994), Precision Machining of Advanced Ceremics Proceeding of the International Conference on Advanced Manufacturing Technology (ICMAT - 94), 29-30 August 1994. University Teknoloi Malaysia, Johor Bahru,Malaysia, pp 203-210. 3 Adithan, M. and Gupta, A.B. (1996), Manufacturing Technology, New Age, International Publishers, New Delhi. 4 The diagrams should be printed on a light/white background, Tabular Matter should be clearly arranged. Decimal point may be indicated by full stop (.). The caption for Figure must be given at the BOTTOM of the Fig. and Caption for the Table must be given at the TOP of the Table. 5 The graphs should be combined for the same parameters for proper comparison. Single graph should be avoided as far as possible.

A (Times New Roman , 16 pt.)

TRAINING REPORT (Caps, 18 pt., Bold)

On (16 pt.)

TITLE OF TRAINING (Caps, 22 pt. B)

Submitted in the practical fulfillment for the award of Degree of Bachelor of Technology

(12 pt).
in

ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING (Caps, 14 pt., B)

From

KURUKSHETRA UNIVERSITY KURUKSHETRA(caps,14,B)

Submitted by Name of Student (Roll No.)

Guided by (14 Pt.) Name of Guide

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION ENGG.

(14 Pt. , B)

KURUKSHETRA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY & MANAGEMENT, KURUKSHETRA-136119 (16 Pt., B)

TRAINING REPORT

PROJECT TITLE

ABSTRACT
Transmitting and receiving signals through antenna into different require the tuning of antenna into different directions this tuning cannot be done manually in case of Heavy antennas and also it is not precise. PRECISION AUTOMATIC TUNING Continued

The abstract of the Training(not exceeding 1500 words).,

iii

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION ENGG. KURUKSHETRA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY & MANAGEMENT KURUKSHETRA- 136119

TRAINING REPORT

PROJECT TITLE

CONTENTS Declaration Acknowledgement Abstract iii List of Figures iv List of Tables Chapter 1: INTRODUCTION
1.1 Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing 1.1 History of OFDM Chapter 2: 2.1 LITERATURE REVIEW Casting Process 2.1.1 Conventional D Casting 2.1.2 Utilization of CDC CIRCUIT DIAGRAM & WORKING Establishment of need Need Analysis 3.2.1 Face to Face interview RESULTS & DISCUSSION CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE SCOPE 5.1 Conclusions 5.2 Future Scope 26 27 28

i ii

v PAGE No.
1 2

7 9 10 12 14

Chapter 3: 3.1 3.2 Chapter 4: Chapter 5:

REFERENCES APPENDIX (include Datasheet, Source code) 31

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION ENGG. KURUKSHETRA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY & MANAGEMENT KURUKSHETRA- 136119

TRAINING REPORT LIST OF FIGURES

S.NO. FIGURE NO. 1. 2 3. 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 of the Data to Each Location 12 13 14 15 4.3 4.4 4.5 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 3.1 3.2 4.1 4.2 Concept of OFDM Signal

PROJECT TITLE

DESCRIPTION

PAGE NO. 4 7 10 11 12 12 21 25 26 28

Time Domain Construction of an OFDM Signal Frequency Responses of the Subcarriers in a 5 Tone OFDM Signal Elimination of ISI Guard Interval Intercarrier Interference Caused by Guard Interval Addition of Cyclic Prefix Effect of Synchronization Doppler Effect Block Diagram Showing a Basic OFDM Transceiver Example IQ Modulation Constellations. 16-QAM, with Gray Coding

IQ Plot for 16-QAM Data with Added Noise. (Script s0083) OFDM Generations, IFFT Stage RF Modulation of Complex Base Band OFDM Signal, Using Analog

29 30 30

Techniques RF Modulation of Complex Base Band OFDM Signal, Using Digital 4.6 Techniques. (DDS = Direct Digital Synthesis) iv 31

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION ENGG. KURUKSHETRA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY & MANAGEMENT KURUKSHETRA- 136119 TRAINING REPORT
PROJECT TITLE

LIST OF TABLES

TABLE S.NO. 1. 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 NO. 1.1 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.7 5.8 5.9 5.10 5.11 5.12 DESCRIPTION Comparison of Parallel and Serial Transmission Schemes BER Table for Standard OFDM BER Table for Self Cancellation BER Table for Windowing BER Table for Maximum Likelihood BER Table for Epsilon = 0.0 BER Table for Epsilon = 0.15 BER Table for Epsilon = 0.30 BER Table for QAM BER Table for BPSK BER Table for MSK BER Table for N=32 BER Table for N=128

PAGE NO. 4 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 56 56 56 57 57

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION ENGG. KURUKSHETRA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY & MANAGEMENT KURUKSHETRA- 136119

KURUKSHETRA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY & MANAGEMENT KURUKSHETRA- 136119 DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION ENGG.

Ref. No. KITM/ECE/

Dated: 24.09.2010

Please find enclosed the copy of rules & regulations for the Training report & suggestions are welcome for next time.

Varun Mehta Incharge Training & Placement Cell ECE Deptt

Copy To:HOD, ECE