Sewing Thread

Introduction: Sewing threads are specifically made for efficient, smooth stitching that will not break or become distorted for the useful life of the sewn product. The threads depends upon its construction and finish a well as its proper selection for the fabric and type of seam to be used. Construction of thread: Sewing threads are made up of cotton, linen, silk, rayon, nylon, or polyster. The properties of the fibre determine its use and application. For example cotton is the most widely used because of its use and its low cost. Rayon, is much weaker and it is used for fancy stitch work. Polyester is used for strength and water repellency are important. All sewing threads are made of ply yarns. The single yarns, which may be spun, filament, or mutti component. It is highly twisted than ordinary yarn. Sewing thread may be given special finishes, such as mercerizing, glace or water repellency. Thread Sizes: Identification of thread size, called as ticket number. Different kinds of yarns had different numbering designations.

The thread institute adopted a standardized ticket numbering system based on the tex system of numbering yarn. This system is followed by the manufacturers, converters and jobbers. Adoption by the American society for testing and materials (ASTM) The american national standards institute (ANSI) and the international organization for standardization (ISO) is expected. The acceptance by industry and consumers, both the past systems and the tex system will be used. It is therefore necessary to describe the several ticket number systems for appropriate application. The size of spun thread had always been expressed in terms of its diameter. At ones time, thread had been made only from three ply spun yarns. There fore, a spun yarn thread of 50 three ply (50/3) had a ticket number of 50, a thread of 60 three ply (60/3) had a ticket number of 60, and so fourth. Subsequently, the number of plies in sewing thread was extended to two, three, four or six ply. A ticket number of 50 could therefore indicate a 50 two ply (50/2), a 50 three ply (50/3), a 50 four ply (50/4) or a 50 six ply (50/6). But the thickness of the thread in each case was the same, while each ply was thinner. The greater number of ply yarns gives greater thread strength. The sizes of mercerized cotton sewing thread were identified by letter as well as number. The range was from F (coarser) to A (medium) and then from 0 to 00000 (finest).

Sewing Thread: Sewing thread is also made of filament fibres. The denier designation has been used and the lower thr number, the finer the thread. The size of filament sewing thread had been identified by denier, except that the last digit as omitted. For example a 180 denier thread had a ticket number 18. Tex is the weight in grams of a 1000-meter length and is a direct numbering system, the greater the weight the thicker the thread and therefore the higher the number. Ticket numbers are based on actual tex size of the thread in the griege state. i.e., twisted, braided, or extruded before any dyeing, special processing or finishing. The following is the system adopted: Standard sewing thread tex ticket numbers. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 12 14 16 18 21 24 27 30 35 40 45 50 60 70 80 90 105 120 1135 150 180 210 240 270 300 350 380 400 450 500 Above 500 in Crements of 100

When selecting proper thread size threads of the same fibered type must be compared. Since the tex ticket numbering system is based on weight and kind of fibers and or types have different weights.

Thread Selection: Selection of the appropriate kind and size of sewing thread is important. The thread should be as fine as possible, consistent with the nature of the fabric and the strength of stitching. Finer threads could be less obvious, they become hidden below the surface of the cloth and they are less subject to abrasion than heavier thread. Finer threads need finer needles. Thread composed of the same kind of fibre as that of the fabric is also important because of such factors as general appearance, colour fastness, finish retention, elasticity and strength.

Stone wash or their effects on the Denim wash or fabric

There are many limitations and drawn backs associated with stone-washing process-which can be overcome by using new enzyme based washing technology that also helps to conserve water, time ,energy, and environment. Denim is the most preferred clothing of todays youth various items of denim like pants, shirts, sirts, jackets, belts and caps etc., are available in the market. Many types of washing are given to stenim wash, one of such washing is known as stone wash. In stone washing the worn-out look is given purposely. The fabric is washed along with pumice stones. The stone and denim are spun together in large industrial washing machines. The longer they are spun together lighter the colour of the fabricwith better contrasts would result. The fabric