3 Graphs of Trigonometric Functions

Equations that represent the given functions:

5 Solved Problems of Right Triangle

Calculate the value of cos in the following triangle. Solution: Use Pythagoras theorem to evaluate the length of PR.

Calculate the length of the side x, given that tan = 0.4 Solution:

Calculate the length of the side x, given that sin = 0.6 Solution:

Using Pythagoras theorem:

You are standing on top of a building, looking at park in the distance. The angle of depression is 53. If the building you are standing on is 100 feet tall, how far away is the park? Given the angle of depression is 53, angle A in the figure above is 37. We can use the tangent function to find the distance from the building to the park:

You are standing 20 feet away from a tree, and you measure the angle of elevation to be 38. How tall is the tree? Solution: The solution depends on your height, as you measure the angle of elevation from your line of sight. Assume that you are 5 feet tall.

5 Solved Problems of Oblique Triangles

Solve a Triangle Knowing: One Side and Two Adjacent Angles.

Solve the oblique triangle with the following data: a = 6 m, B = 45 and C = 105.

Solve a Triangle Knowing Two Sides and an Included Angle.

Solve the oblique triangle with the following data: a = 10 m, b = 7 m and C = 30.

Solve a Triangle Knowing Two Sides and the Opposite Angle.

sin B > 1. No solution

sin B = 1. One solution

sin B < 1. One or two solutions

1. sin B > 1. No solution

Solve the triangle with the following data: A = 30, a = 3 m and b = 8 m.

2. sin B = 1. One Solution: Right Triangle

Solve the triangle with the following data: A = 30, a = 3 m and b = 6 m.

Solve a Triangle Knowing Two Sides and the Opposite Angle.

Solve the triangle with the following data: a = 15 m, b = 22 m and c = 17 m.

5 Solve Trigonometric Equations

Question: Solve the equation 2 cos 1 = 0 for 0 < 2. Answer: Rearranging the above equation, we get:

cos =12
We know the following: Since

cos 3=12
And cos is positive in the first and fourth quadrants, we have:

=3
Or

=23=53 So, =3 or =53

Question: Find , if graphically. Answer: Write the equation so that all the terms with the unknown quantity (i.e. ) are on one side of the equation. , with . Determine the solution

Identify the two functions which are intersecting.

Draw graphs of both functions, over the required domain and identify the intersection point. The graphs intersect at .

Question: Find , if
using inverse trigonometric functions.

, with

. Determine the solution

Answer: Write the equation so that all the terms with the unknown quantity (i.e. )
are on one side of the equation. Then solve for the angle using the inverse function.

Question: Find the values of for which if it is given that Answer: Because we are told that is an acute angle, we can simply apply an
inverse trigonometric function to both sides.

Question: For what values of Answer: Draw the graph

We take a look at the graph of to know when the

does

when

on the interval

. We want .

value of the graph is 0,5 so we draw in a line at

Notice that this line touches the graph four times. This means that there are four solutions to the equation. Read off the and . values of those intercepts from the graph as ; ;

10 Proofs of Trigonometric Identities

6) Solve (sec A + tan A) (1 sin A) Solution: (sec A + tan A) (1 sin A) = sec A + tan A sin A sec A sin A tan A = (1/cos A) + (sin A/cos A) sin A (1/cos A) sin A (sin A/cos A) = (1 + sin A sin A sin2 A)/ cos A = (1- sin2 A)/ cos A = cos2 A/ cos A = cos A

[we know that cos2 A + sin2 A = 1]

7) Prove (1+ sec A)/ sec A = sin2A / (1 cos A) Solution: Let us take the RHS of the equation sin2A / (1 cos A) = (1 cos2A)/(1 cos A) 1] = (1 + cos A)(1 cos A) / (1 cos A) = (1 + cos A) Multiply and divide by sec A = (1 + cos A) sec A/sec A = (sec A + 1) / sec A Hence it is proved. 8) Prove (cos A sin A + 1)/ (cos A + sin A 1) = cosec A + cot A. Solution: Let us take the left hand side of the equation. Divide numerator and denominator by sin A. (cos A sin A + 1)/ (cos A + sin A 1) = (cot A 1 + cosec A)/ (cot A + 1 cosec A) = [cot A (1 cosec A)]/[cot A + (1-cosec A)] Multiply numerator and denominator by cot A (1 cosec A) = [cot A (1 cosec A)]2/ [cot2A (1-cosec A)2] = [cot2A + (1- cosec A)2 2 cot A(1- cosec A)]/ [cot2 A 1 cosec2 A + 2 cosec A ] = [cot2A + 1 + cosec2 A - 2 cosec A 2 cot A + 2 cot A cosec A]/[2 cosec A 2] = [cosec2A + cosec2 A - 2 cosec A 2 cot A + 2 cot A cosec A]/[2 cosec A 2] = [2cosec2 A - 2 cosec A 2 cot A + 2 cot A cosec A]/[2 cosec A 2] = [2 cosec A(cosec A 1) + 2 cot A(cosec A 1)]/[2 cosec A 2] = (2 cosec A + 2 cot A)(cosec A 1)/2(cosec A 1) = 2(cosec A + cot A)/2 = cosec A + cot A Hence it is proved. [we know that cos2 A + sin2 A =