Saha Embedded Projects

SAHA EMBEDDED PROJECTS
SAHA Software Solutions Private Limited

3-2-684/3/K/20, Road No.12, Banjara Hills HYDERABAD - 500034
Saha Software Solutions Private Limited 136
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1. GPS based Event Data Recorder for Driver Rating, vehicle tracking system 2. MEMS based Event Data Recorder for Driver Rating,vehicle tracking system 3. GPS based track sign indicator 4. 3D Motion Recorder-Playback 5. Active RFID based Asset Tracking Using Zigbee and MEMS 6. Active RFID based Car Parking System using Zigbee 7. RFID based tool room automation using Zigbee 8. Air Mouse 9. Bluetooth Security tagging 10. Intelligent LED Based reservation chart Light for Coaches 11. Surveillance of workers in hazardous areas like mines using RFID 12. Wireless Two Way Switch 13. Zigbee Based Home automation 14. SOS on GSM 15. GSM-IVRS based pump house automation 16. Automated meter reading automated metering infrastructure 17. Digital Clocks with GPS Synchronization consisting of master clock and slave clocks 18. GPS based destination display boards in Buses/trains 19. Pump house automation based on zigbee and Modbus 20. Smart power meter 21. Triac Based appliance control 22. Tyre pressure monitor 23. Weighing bridge trip sheet automation application 24. Wireless sensor networks for smoke and fire protection 25. PMU Alarm Monitor Unit 26. PMU Auto Main Failure 27. PMU Battery Charger Constant Current 28. PMU Best Phase Selection 29. PMU DC Energy Meter 30. PMU DG Interface GCU 31. PMU Front panel NMU 32. PMU GSM Data Logger Monitoring 33. PMU Modbus Protocol 34. Railway PWM Dimmer 35. Railways Centralized Fault Locator
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GPS based Event Data Recorder for Driver Rating & Vehicle tracking
Authors <<Team Member name>> 08, January, 2010

WARNING This document contains confidential information that could be substantially detrimental to the interest of Saha Software solutions through unauthorized use or disclose.
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Main Project Title Fleet Management System Sub-Project Title GPS based Event Data Recorder for Driver Rating and Vehicle tracking
Project Description A Vehicle Tracking System combines the installation of an electronic device in a vehicle, or fleet of vehicles, with purpose-designed computer software to enable the owner or a third party to track the vehicle's location, collecting data in the process. Modern vehicle tracking systems commonly use Global Positioning System (GPS) technology for locating the vehicle, but other types of automatic vehicle location technology can also be used. Vehicle information can be viewed on electronic maps via the Internet or specialized software. Urban public transit authorities are an increasingly common user of vehicle tracking systems, particularly in large cities. This Project uses GPS data logged from the modem into an internal flash memory device to be downloaded later onto the desktop using Zigbee Communication. In effect the current application acts as a passive device rather than an active one which transmits data in real time. A Desktop Application is provided to prepare a chart of all the drivers on payroll at the end of the month containing information like Contour of the map roamed for each day, speed, acceleration & deceleration graphs etc. Based on this data the Quality of a driver can be rated. By improving the driving style, fuel economy can be improved by 15-20% apart from driving safely. Fleet Managers can use the resulting system to study driver behavior and to improve the performance and safety of their services apart from other fleet management functions like routing, dispatch, on-board information and security. Other scenarios in which this technology is employed include: Stolen vehicle recovery, Asset tracking, Field Service management, Surveillance, Transit tracking etc.
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FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM
Zigbee Receiver
Zigbee Transmitter
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Technologies Software Hardware Responsibilities

: :
Embedded C , Java based desktop application ARM based Hardware, GPS module
Circuit design and PCB layout as per the requirement Firmware is to be developed as per design document. Various subversions of the code to be available in repository during each cycle of implementation and testing. Following are to be documented during the project schedule and internal versions are to be maintained.

Software Specification Document Software Design Document Software Test Procedure
Software release and project document to be completed as per the release date.
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MEMS based Event Data Recorder for Driver Rating & Vehicle tracking

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Main Project Title Fleet Management System Sub-Project Title MEMS based Event Data Recorder for Driver Rating and Vehicle tracking
Project Description A Vehicle Tracking System combines the installation of an electronic device in a vehicle, or fleet of vehicles, with purpose-designed computer software to enable the owner or a third party to track the vehicle's location, collecting data in the process. Modern vehicle tracking systems commonly use Global Positioning System (GPS) technology for locating the vehicle, but other types of automatic vehicle location technology can also be used. Vehicle information can be viewed on electronic maps via the Internet or specialized software. Urban public transit authorities are an increasingly common user of vehicle tracking systems, particularly in large cities. This Project uses a MEMS device which is actually 3-axis accelerometer to sense lateral movement of the vehicle on curved roads. Also concurrently the GPS device logs the position of the vehicle during the journey. This data logged from the MEMS & GPS is stored into an internal flash memory device to be downloaded later onto the desktop using Zigbee Communication. In effect the current application acts as a passive device rather than an active one which transmits data in real time. The MEMS device is also configured such that alarm alerts can be given at threshold values that are set for the three axes if the speed exceeds those thresholds. A Desktop Application is provided to prepare a chart of all the drivers on payroll at the end of the month containing information like Contour of the map roamed for each day, speed, acceleration & deceleration graphs etc. Based on this data the Quality of a driver can be rated. By improving the driving style, fuel economy can be improved by 15-20% apart from driving safely. Fleet Managers can use the resulting system to study driver behavior and to improve the performance and safety of their services apart from other fleet management functions like routing, dispatch, on-board information and security. Other scenarios in which this technology is employed include: Stolen vehicle recovery, Asset tracking, Field Service management, Surveillance, Transit tracking etc.
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FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM
Zigbee Receiver
Zigbee Transmitter
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Technologies Software Hardware
: :
Embedded C , Java based desktop application ARM based Hardware, GPS module, Zigbee module 3-axis accelerometer MEMS (Micro Electrical Mechanical Systems).
Responsibilities

Circuit design and PCB layout as per the requirement Firmware is to be developed as per design document. Various sub-versions of the code to be available in repository during each cycle of implementation and testing.
Following are to be documented during the project schedule and internal versions are to be maintained.

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GPS based track sign indicator

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Main Project Title Automation for Railways. Sub-Project Title GPS based track sign indicator Project Description GPS based track sign indicator is specially designed system for Railways. A Railway track consists of many track-side signs and symbols, which generally appears on the left hand side of the track (the assistant driver's side), usually placed a little high and painted on a yellow board. There are different types of signs like Speed Limit, Termination Indicators, Stop Indicator, Whistle Indicators, Catenary Signs, etc. For every sign the driver has to perform particular action. Problem In current Situation: It is noticed that in when some of the weather conditions like heavy rain, Fog, Smoke, Dust, Heavy wind. It becomes difficult for driver to notice such signs. This may lead to situation where the driver may not initiate the preferred action or may delay in the same. Sometimes the driver just forgets to take the Action, Which in certain cases can cause major problems. Solution: GPS based track sign indicator is the idea which can solve such problems. This device will be placed on the train dashboard which will have a LED display. This Display will display the same sign few meters before its actual location. Depending upon the importance of the sign the device will also give some Audio visual indications like Buzzer of flashing sign. Working: The system has a GPS receiver which will get the Co-ordinates of the current location of train. These values will be compared with that saved values in the system on match the particular action will be performed like displaying the sign on LED display, Buzzer.
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BLOCK DIAGRAM
GPS RECEIVER
RS232
MICRO CONTROLLER
LED MATRIX DISPLAY
: :
Embedded C, Desktop Application ARM based Hardware, GPS Modules, RFID tags.
Responsibilities


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3D Motion Recorder-Playback

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Main Project Title 3D Device Tracking Sub-Project Title 3D Motion Recorder-Playback
Project Description A 3D Motion Recorder(3DMR) uses a computer, motion sensors (accelerometers) and rotation sensors (gyroscopes) to continuously calculate via dead reckoning the position, orientation, and velocity(direction and speed of movement) of a moving object without the need for external references. It is used for 3D modeling and on vehicles such as ships, aircraft, submarines, guided missiles, and spacecraft. It needs no external references to calculate the values and hence is immune to jamming and deception. In this project we use the GPS module to get the GPS co-ordinates and the speed of the vehicle, Accelerometer to calculate the acceleration along the X, Y & Z axis, and gyroscopes to measure the angular velocity of the system in the inertial reference frame, continuously. This system includes at least a computer and a platform or module containing accelerometers, gyroscopes, or other motion-sensing devices. It is initially provided with its position and velocity from another source (a human operator, a GPS satellite receiver, etc.), and thereafter computes its own updated position and velocity by integrating information received from the motion sensors. The advantage of a 3DMR is that it requires no external references in order to determine its position, orientation, or velocity once it has been initialized. A 3DMR can detect a change in its geographic position (a move east or north, for example), a change in its velocity (speed and direction of movement), and a change in its orientation (rotation about an axis). It does this by measuring the linear and angular accelerations applied to the system. All the recorded data are logged and analyzed using a desktop application showing the path traveled and can also be used to predict the path of a device using certain algorithms. This device can also be used to playback the path traveled by a device in 3D.
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3D MOTION RECORDER
MEMS
SPI
MICRO CONTROLLER
FLASH MEMORY
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Technologies Software Hardware .
: :
Embedded C, Desktop Application. ARM based Hardware, Accelerometer MEMS (Micro Electrical Mechanical Systems), GPS Module, Gyroscopes.
Responsibilities


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Active RFID based Asset Tracking Using Zigbee and MEMS

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Main Project Title Fleet Management Sub-Project Title Active RFID based Asset Tracking Using Zigbee and MEMS
Project Description The business productivity of any enterprise is invariably tied to how well its key physical assets are being managed. Knowing what is available, where it is at any given time and what its operational status is, are all critical elements that have a direct impact on the bottom-line. Presently, companies face many issues that make it hard to effectively track their assets. A more specific problem is the inability to track the assets which are in transit for long duration when being transported from one place to another like delivery etc. What is needed is a better way to keep asset location and status data up-to-date by aggregating and updating asset data from the sources of information like the MEMS that may co-exist with that particular asset. In the current project we use a Zigbee module (RFID) that is integrated with the Micro Electrical Mechanical Sensors (MEMS) and attach it to the assets. The RFID module now automatically senses, records and transmits data regarding environmental factors like vibration, temperature, humidity and ambient light conditions etc influencing the operational life of the assets in transit to enable better decision making for the client. This data can now be displayed on an LCD Screen showing the status of each slave module and its connected sensors data in real time and warn if it crosses their respective threshold limits. The data if needed can also be sent wirelessly via GSM to the central repository and since each RFID has a unique identification number any number of assets can be easily tracked and monitored remotely without any human intervention. Some of the scenarios where the project finds application are tracking sensitive electronic equipment, expensive goods such as organs, medical blood, medicine and rare wines, precious flowers, high valued sea-food etc.
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RFID TAG
MEMS RF MICRO CONTROLLER SENSORS (Temp or light)
RFID Receiver
Buzzer MEMS RF MICRO CONTROLLER Lcd
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: :
Embedded C. ARM based Hardware, Zigbee Modules, LCD screen, LEDs and Sensors
Responsibilities


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Active RFID based Car Parking System using Zigbee

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Main Project Title Wireless Security Solutions. Sub-Project Title Active RFID based Car Parking System using Zigbee
Project Description Radio-frequency identification (RFID) is the use of an object (typically referred to as an RFID tag) applied to or incorporated into a product, animal, or person for the purpose of identification and tracking using radio waves. Most RFID tags contain at least two parts. One is an integrated circuit for storing and processing information, modulating and demodulating a radio-frequency (RF) signal, and other specialized functions. The second is an antenna for receiving and transmitting the signal. The tag's antenna picks up signals from an RFID reader or scanner and then returns the signal, usually with some additional data (like a unique serial number or other customized information). In the current project we use the RFID properties of a Zigbee module to identify a vehicle i.e. each vehicle is tagged with a low power Zigbee device and when it passes through the entrance gate the radio signals are picked up by the reader device (also Zigbee) to identify the vehicle and match it with the database of the employee records of the particular company. The same system is applied at the exit point to take note of the vehicle when leaving. The gate also shows an LED matrix display showing the vehicle slots which are occupied and which are free so that the vehicle can be guided to the vacant slots for parking. This procedure saves a lot of time in searching for an empty slot in a vast parking lot and also increases efficiency of maintaining the vehicles. Each parking slot contains a pair of Infrared Sensors in direct opposite points with one on the ground and another on the roof. As and when a vehicle is parked the sensor picks an obstruction to the line of light and sends a signal to the LED display to mark that particular slot as occupied. This is a very low cost and efficient system to indicate the vacant slots for parking.
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RFID Tag
RF
IR MODULE MICRO CONTROLL ER
DISPLAY DRIVERS LED MATRIX
RFID Receiver
RF MICRO CONTROLLER
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: :
Embedded C, LED matrix Programming ARM based Hardware, Zigbee Modules, Infrared Sensors, LEDs.
Responsibilities


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RFID based tool room automation using Zigbee

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Main Project Title Asset Tracking. Sub-Project Title RFID based tool room automation using Zigbee Project Description Radio-frequency identification (RFID) is the use of an object (typically referred to as an RFID tag) applied to or incorporated into a product, animal, or person for the purpose of identification and tracking using radio waves. Most RFID tags contain at least two parts. One is an integrated circuit for storing and processing information, modulating and demodulating a radio-frequency (RF) signal, and other specialized functions. The second is an antenna for receiving and transmitting the signal. The tag's antenna picks up signals from an RFID reader or scanner and then returns the signal, usually with some additional data (like a unique serial number or other customized information). This project aims to manage tools of the tool room using RFID technology, to enhance the productivity. This can be achieved by providing an automated solution that accounts for the movement of tools in and out of the tool room without having staff employed to manage it. Passive RFID tags can be employed for this purpose to tag the tools and then read using an RFID reader that is attached to a computer with a desktop application to maintain the employee and tool database. For the purpose of automating and having a wider scope of applications like inbuilt memory for the RFID readers which maintain the employee and tool database for tracking the tools ,Zigbee modules are also used in conjunction. The RFID tags when taken in/out are read by the scanners and cross indexed in the employees name and stored as an entry in the Zigbee module that is connected to the reader device All the stored data is then periodically sent either manually or automatically to the central system where a desktop application is used to get the records of the employee and tools used respectively.
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BLOCK DIGRAM
MICRO CONTROLLER RFID TAGS RFID READER
RS232
PERSONAL COMPUTER
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: :
Embedded C, Desktop Application ARM based Hardware, Zigbee Modules, RFID tags.
Responsibilities


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Air Mouse

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Main Project Title Wireless Appliance Control Sub-Project Title Air Mouse
Project Description In computing, a mouse is a pointing device that functions by detecting twodimensional motion relative to its supporting surface. Physically, a mouse consists of an object held under one of the user's hands, with one or more buttons. It sometimes features other elements, such as "wheels", which allow the user to perform various system-dependent operations, or extra buttons or features can add more control or dimensional input. The mouse's motion typically translates into the motion of a pointer on a display, which allows for fine control of a Graphical User Interface. Over the years mice have evolved from one button apple mousse to scroll ball using mouse to the current optical mousse using lasers and the recent apple air mouses. A mouse which can be used wirelessly and can do all the functions of a normal mouse and more is the objective. This project deals with the development of a mouse which is wireless and can be used on the desktop as well as in the air just like a TV remote, hence named the air mouse. All normal functions like left and right clicks are enabled in this as well as the scroll button. The accelerometer MEMS is used to calculate the movement of the mouse from the reference point in all the 3 axes and hence act as a 3D mouse as well as the Z-axis can be used to zoom in and out of the computer screen. The gyroscopes are used to calculate the angular acceleration of the mouse when tilted i.e. when the scroll button is clicked and the mouse is tilted in a direction the pages are scrolled accordingly and speed can be varied based on the angle of the tilt enabled. Hence the scrolling of the pages is enabled.
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BLOCK DIAGRAM Air Mouse Transmitter
MEMS
SPI MICRO CONTROLLER
RF Tramsmitter
Receiver
RF Receiver
MICRO CONTROLLER
PERSONAL COMPUTER
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: :
Embedded C. ARM based Hardware, 3-axis Accelerometer MEMS (Micro Electrical Mechanical systems), Gyroscopes.
Responsibilities


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Bluetooth Security Tagging

WARNING This document contains confidential information that could be substantially detrimental to the interest of Saha Software solutions through unauthorized use or disclose. Saha Software Solutions Private Limited 136 Page 34 of
Main Project Title Wireless Appliance Control Sub-Project Title Bluetooth Security Tagging Project Description Bluetooth is an open wireless protocol for exchanging data over short distances (using short length radio waves) from fixed and mobile devices, creating personal area networks (PANs). It was originally conceived as a wireless alternative to RS-232 data cables. It can connect several devices, overcoming problems of synchronization. In this project the Bluetooth device is tagged to an item like baggage, and when it is powered on the device is in discovery mode and reads the IDs of all the other active Bluetooth mobile devices in range and displays the name on an LCD screen. A Select button is provided to scroll till the name of the owner of the baggage and another button is used to fix the name. On getting a request of confirmation from the tag in the mobile, the request is confirmed by a simple Yes or a 6 digit confirmation code set for the tag. This application is a very low cost but highly efficient system in notifying the owner of the property that the item of interest is going out of range and is programmed to give a buzzer alarm. Multiple devices can be tagged to be protected by this application which is synchronized with the owners mobile. During the pairing of the device with the mobile the Secure Simple Pairing (SSP) protocol is used to which in turn uses a form public key cryptography and has the following modes of operation: Just works Passkey entry Numeric comparison Out of band. Out of band uses NFC (Near field communication) and removes the hassle of entering pin number, if both devices are placed nearby (within 10-20cm) authentication is done and pairing is completed. Using this application a master Bluetooth device (mobile) can communicate with up to seven devices (tags) in a Wireless User Group. This network group of up to eight devices is called a Pico net, which acts like an ad-hoc computer network. Hence the owner can tag seven devices at a time and monitored simultaneously for security.
Saha Software Solutions Private Limited 136 Page 35 of
BT Security Tag
Microcontroller Keypad Lcd
Bluetooth Module
MOBILE
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Technologies Software Hardware : : Embedded C. ARM based Hardware, LEDs, LCD screen, Buzzer alarm.
Responsibilities


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Intelligent LED Based reservation chart Light for Coaches

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Main Project Title Railway Power Management Sub-Project Title Intelligent LED Based reservation chart Light for Coaches Project Description Reservation charts are provided for every compartment of a train but during the night times, reading them is getting difficult due to lack of sufficient lighting on the platforms. To solve this problem this solution of an intelligent LED based system is proposed. In this project an LED reservation chart is provided for each compartment that provides sufficient illumination to read up to three pages of A4 size paper arranged vertically. These devices on arrival upon a station get the GPS co-ordinates of the station and check if the time is day or night using the Ambient light sensor and switch on accordingly. When the train moves they get switched off and this is done using an accelerometer MEMS which detects the motion of the train and gets switched ON again on arrival of the next station. This project can be done as a standalone using only GPS or MEMS based on the requirement and cost of the item. When GPS is used the station co-ordinates are used in combination with the light sensor to detect the arrival and departure from a station and switched ON/OFF accordingly. When the accelerometer MEMS is used motion detection is used in combination with the light sensor to switch ON the light when the train stops and switch off when the train moves.
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BLOCK DIAGRAM
GPS RECEIVER
RS232
MEMS
SPI
MICRO CONTROLLER
LIGHT
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Technologies Software Hardware : : Embedded C. ARM based Hardware, LED lighting device, Ambient Light Sensor, MEMS (Micro Electrical Mechanical Sensors) or GPS module.
Responsibilities


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Surveillance of workers in hazardous areas like mines using RFID

Main Project Title Disaster Management Sub-Project Title Surveillance of workers in hazardous areas like mines using RFID
Project Description Radio-frequency identification (RFID) is the use of an object (typically referred to as an RFID tag) applied to or incorporated into a product, animal, or person for the purpose of identification and tracking using radio waves. Most RFID tags contain at least two parts. One is an integrated circuit for storing and processing information, modulating and demodulating a radio-frequency (RF) signal, and other specialized functions. The second is an antenna for receiving and transmitting the signal. The tag's antenna picks up signals from an RFID reader or scanner and then returns the signal, usually with some additional data (like a unique serial number or other customized information). An RFID system using active tags is a versatile tool in situations involving restriction of access, movement monitoring, communication between operators and a control system, and locating colleagues in an emergency. You can also tag hazardous equipment, such as gas flasks. In an active RFID system, access control is an inherent feature. Safety and security is the new dimension that opens up. In the current project we use the active RFID properties of a Zigbee module to tag an object or person and then use the signals emitted by them for tracking inside a mine. There are a number of RFID Readers inside the surveillance area at strategic points which pick up the signal emitted by each tag simultaneously and based on the strength of the signal at each point the distance or location of each unique tag is indicated on an LCD screen. In the event of a catastrophe rescue operations can be performed efficiently by locating the tags position on the screen which will be a blinking dot and hence prevent deaths.
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RFID Tag
RF MICRO CONTROLLER
LCD
RFID Receiver
RF MICRO CONTROLLER
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: :
Embedded C, Desktop Application. ARM based Hardware, Zigbee Modules, LCD screen.
Responsibilities


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Wireless Two Way Switch

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Main Project Title Wireless Appliance Control Sub-Project Title Wireless Two Way Switch
Project Description This project is based on the Zigbee mesh networking and is applied to work as a two way wireless switch i.e. to ON/OFF the electronic equipment of interest like light, bulbs, Fans, TVs etc. One Zigbee board acts a switch board with a button being used as a switch and another board is connected to the equipment to control. In the current project we take 3 boards for demo purpose. One board acts as Zigbee coordinator cum light board whereas the other two boards act as the light boards with buttons to acts as a two way switch. The coordinator starts the network on channel 19 and waits for nodes to join the network. After the nodes have joined or binding has been completed the two nodes are stored in the binding table. Now communication can happen directly between the two light boards without the interference of the coordinator. After the binding has been completed the button is used to switch ON/OFF the light or LED on the light board and now the other board can either OFF/ON the light depending on the action of other board. If suppose switch board 1 switches ON the light , the switch board 2 can now switch OFF the light and then only switch ON the light again and vice versa. Hence a simple two way wireless switch can be done. This application can be used in places where wireless connectivity is cheap and efficient than conventional wiring and constructing.
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SWITCH BOARD
Keypad
RF
MICRO CONTROLLER
ZIGBEE COMMUNICATION CONTROL BOARD
RF
MICRO CONTROLL ER
TRAIC CONTROL CKT
HOME APPLIANC E
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: :
Embedded C. ARM based Hardware, Zigbee module, LEDs.
Responsibilities


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Zigbee based Home Automation System

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Main Project Title Wireless Appliance Control Sub-Project Title Zigbee based Home automation System
Project Description This Project utilizes the Zigbee Networking capabilities to the maximum in automating the Home and is called the Home automation system. The main objective of this project is to control and co-ordinate all the sensors or switches in the home from a central Co-ordinator wirelessly. The demonstration uses a controller board (featuring an LCD panel) and a number of sensor boards. The sensor boards measure temperature, humidity and light levels, and periodically can send these measurements to the controller board. The controller board is configured to display the received data on its built-in LCD panel. In this application, the controller board acts as the Co-ordinator, two sensor boards act as Routers and two sensor boards act as End Devices. The co-ordinator can also can be used to select the particular rooms that we want to control and see the devices within that room. All the devices inside a room are accessed via router for that room. A particular sensor, light or fan can thus be accessed remotely and centrally using the co-ordinator which sends commands to the router which in turn controls the end devices.
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Wireless Microcontroller
Relay
Home Appliance1
Light emitting diodes
Relay
Home Appliance2
Relay
Home Appliance3
Key Pad
Relay
Home Appliance n
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: :
Embedded C. ARM based Hardware, Zigbee Modules, LCD screen, LEDs and Sensors
Responsibilities Circuit design and PCB layout as per the requirement Firmware is to be developed as per design document. Various sub-versions of the code to be available in repository during each cycle of implementation and testing. Following are to be documented during the project schedule and internal versions are to be maintained.

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SOS on GSM

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Main Project Title Vehicle Tracking System Sub-Project Title SOS on GSM Project Description SOS on GSM is a GPS based Vehicle tracking system which is capable of reporting any car accident with precise position information automatically to the Emergency help Number like 100 (police),108(Ambulance),or Family. The message can be reported via GSM SMS. Apart from this The owner can get the current location of vehicle just be sending SMS. The system can also sent several alerts like : 1) Over speed alert > Automatically send alerts when driving speed exceeds user defined speed 2) Position Lock > Automatically send alerts when the vehicle is moved apart from its parking position 3) Fencing In (min. 0.18m), multiple points > Alert when moving into security zone 4) Fencing Out (min. 0.18m), multiple points> Alert when moving out of security zone 5) Panic Button > Emergency report with position information for both personal and vehicle alarm 6) Idle time monitoring > An early warning security feature when vehicle is idle longer than predefined period Problem In current Situation: According to the survey India is the land of highest deaths in road accidents. One of the reasons behind this is delay in the availability of the medical help. In case of accident either the victim or any other person has to call the help. When accident happens in some remote areas in some cases the victim may not be in the state to call for help. Second thing is if your vehicle is stolen there is no way to track it. As well is a car owner has a driver for the car there is know way to check how is he driving your vehicle in your absence.
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Solution: This GPS based Vehicle tracking will solve all the above problems. The system consists of a GPS receiver, GSM Modem and some sensors like Shock sensor. Working: In case of accident the Controller will sense it through shock sensor. It will get the current Location's co-ordinates from GPS receiver. Then By using GSM modem SMS will be send to pre-saved number without human interaction.. In order to get the current location of vehicle the user will send a request SMS and device will reply the position through SMS. The device will be also capable of sending different types of Alerts as mentioned above. The current location of vehicle can be easily tracked on Google map.
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BLOCK DIAGRAM
MEMS
SPI
MICRO CONTROLLER
RS232
GSM MODEM
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: :
Embedded C. ARM based Hardware, GSM modem, GPS module Shock Sensor.
Responsibilities Circuit design and PCB layout as per the requirement Firmware is to be developed as per design document. Various sub-versions of the code to be available in repository during each cycle of implementation and testing. Following are to be documented during the project schedule and internal versions are to be maintained.

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GSM/IVRS based pump house automation

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Main Project Title GSM Switch Sub-Project Title GSM/IVRS based pump house automation Project Description The GSM/IVRS based pump house automation system is a system which provides the facility to control Home appliances and Pumps remotely through phone. The special feature with the system is it has IVRS that is Interactive voice response system, through which an authenticated user shall call to the GSM equipment on its prescribed number, go through the menu, select predefined options and do the operations. Problem In current Situation: Generally the pump houses are located far from the Farmer's houses. So in order to operate the pump the Farmer has to personally go to the farm. Solution: The GSM/IVRS based pump house automation system is consists of a intelligent microcontroller which communicates with GSM module through RS232 by using Standard AT Command set. The user can control the pump or Home appliances by calling the specific Number. On call the user will hear the Voice Menu. According to the menu user will press the keys on phone. On the Other side the device will receive these key presses as DTMF (dual tone multi frequency) through DTMF Decoder.
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BLOCK DIAGRAM
Te lephone De vice
GSM M ODEM AC LOAD/ PUM P
M icro Controlle r
RELAY
DTM F ENCODER
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: :
Embedded C, Desktop Application. ARM based Hardware, DTMF Encoder, GSM Modem ,Voice Recorder.
Responsibilities


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AUTOMATIC METER READING (OR) AUTOMATED METERING INFRASTUCTURE

Main Project Title Automated metering infrastructure Project Description Automatic meter reading, or AMR, is the technology of automatically collecting consumption, diagnostic, and status data from electric energy metering devices and transferring that data to a central database for billing, troubleshooting, and analyzing. This advance mainly saves utility providers the expense of periodic trips to each physical location to read a meter. Another advantage is billing can be based on near real time consumption rather than on estimates based on previous or predicted consumption. This timely information coupled with analysis, can help both utility providers and customers better control the use and production of electric energy consumption. Communication networks used for AMR include modulated radio frequencies (RF), telephone lines, or the electric power line itself. Depending on the network used, information from the meter interfacing unit may be retrieved and stored in intermediate nodes or delivered directly to the utility. Centralized data collector transceiver normally sends a signal to a particular meter interfacing unit serial number, telling it to wake up from a resting state and transmit its data. The meter interfacing unit attached transceiver sends data to the PC based centralized data collector. MIU and CDC communicate by using zigbee technology. ZigBee is a specification for high level communication protocols using small, low-power digital radios based on the IEEE 802.15.4 standard for wireless personal area networks (WPANs). The scope of work includes study of network planning, design and development of hardware and embedded firmware.
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Block Diagram:Wireless Microcontroller Energy Meter1
PC
Wireless Microcontroller . . Wireless Microcontroller
Energy Meter2
Energy Meter N

: :
EMBEDDED C (for ARM BASED CONTROLLER), Network establishment Designing Energy meter and microcontroller ckt

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GPS BASED WIRELESS CLOCK

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Main Project Title GPS BASED WIRELESS CLOCK Project Description GPS based Clock is a LED based real time rugged clock for the display at public places like Railway Stations, Offices, and Parks etc. The clock receives the time information from GPS housed inside the clock unit. The clock has self-synchronizes feature with the satellite. GPS based clock consists of master and slave clocks. Master clock has GPS receiver which receives time from satellite. Master clock converts GMT (Greenwich Mean Time) time to IST (Indian Standard Time) time and sends to slave clocks. Slave clocks have RTC which shall be synchronized to the time information received from master clock and displays on led matrix. In case of failure of GPS system, the clocks local RTC time shall be displayed. Communication between Gps and master is based on RS232 protocol. Mater and slave clocks is wireless. Wireless communication network is developed by using ZigBee technology. ZigBee is a specification for high level communication protocols using small, low-power digital radios based on the IEEE 802.15.4 standard for wireless personal area networks (WPANs). The scope of work includes study of network planning, design and development of hardware and embedded firmware
Block Diagram:MASTER CLOCK:

Antenna
Antenna
GPS Module
Zigbee based Wireless controller
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SLAVE CLOCK: Antenna Zigbee based Wireless controller Display Drivers
Led Matrix RTC

: :
EMBEDDED C, Programming to display drivers GPS Module, Led matrix display board design

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GPS BASED DESTINATION DISPLAY BOARDS FOR BUSES/TRAINS

Main Project Title GPS based destination display boards for buses or trains
Project Description GPS based destination display boards for Buses/trains is a system designed for displaying valuable information to passengers at the time of boarding and during the journey. The information such as bus number, destination and starting station along with direction of journey, present location of the bus, next approaching station with distance and expected time shall be displayed on LED matrix display Boards.
The back bone of this system is Global Positioning System. GPS is space-based global navigation satellite system. It provides reliable positioning, navigation, and timing services to worldwide users on a continuous basis in all weather, day and night, anywhere on or near the Earth which has an unobstructed view of four or more GPS satellites. The system consist of the Intelligent Micro-controller which communicated to the GPS receiver through RS232.It collects the GPS string and then parse it to get the current location's Co-ordinates, Current speed and time. The formatted massage will be displayed on LED matrix display. Scope of the project includes writing GPS parser, design and development of hardware and embedded firmware for Led matrix display boards and developing a Desktop application for editing and uploading the route information.
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Block Diagram:-
Antenna
Gps Module
Microcontroller
Display Drivers
Led Matrix Display

: :
EMBEDDED C, Programming to display drivers GPS Module, Led matrix display board design

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PUMP HOUSE AUTOMATION BASED ON MODBUS AND ZIGBEE

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Main Project Title Pump house automation based on zigbee and Modbus Project Description Pump house automation based on zigbee and Modbus aims at Facilitating remote operation & control of multiple pump houses located within a range of 5kms radius using zigbee Mesh network .The remote pumps shall be addressed using Modbus protocol on top of zigbee so as to make the system scalable. The system consists of a Control unit and number of Remote units. For both the systems an intelligent Wireless microcontroller acts as there brain. Controllers communication is based on ZigBee Technology. ZigBee is a specification for high level communication protocols using small, low-power digital radios based on the IEEE 802.15.4 standard for wireless personal area networks (WPANs). The system uses Modbus protocol for controlling devices. Modbus is as serial communications protocol for programmable logic controllers (PLCs). It has become a standard communication protocol in industry and is now the most commonly available means of connecting industrial devices. The scope of work includes 1. Understanding WPAN using Zigbee 2. Understanding and development of the communication protocol in Embedded C for WPAN 3. Understanding and implementing MODBUS protocol. 4. Design and development of schematic and final hardware.
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Block Diagram:REMOTE UNIT:
RTU or Control ckt
Motor
Zigbee based communication CONTROL UNIT:-
PC
Technologies Software Hardware : : EMBEDDED C (for ARM BASED CONTROLLER), MODBUS Protocol. Designing motor control and microcontroller ckt
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Responsibilities


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SMART POWER METER

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Main Project Title Smart power meter Project Description Smart power meter system works in a WPAN ie Wireless personal Area Network which consist of a central monitoring Unit and number of End Nodes. An End node is basically a smart meter. It's an advanced meter (usually an electrical meter) that identifies consumption in more detail than a conventional meter; and communicates that information via WPAN to the central monitoring Unit. Smart Meters usually involve a different technology mix, such as real-time or near real-time sensors, power outage notification, and power quality monitoring. The Smart meter is a low cost device which will be fitted in between Home appliance plug and the wall plug. With the help of sensors the microcontroller collects the power consumed by the appliance, time of usage and sends the same to the central monitoring Unit. Conventional electricity meters are normally hidden somewhere on a wall on the basement, and the only time you realize how much energy youve been spending is when the bill hit the door. If you knew how much energy you were consuming at home at any time of the day, we can refrain of using some unnecessary energy hog appliances. Communication between devices is based on ZigBee Technology. ZigBee is a specification for high level communication protocols using small, lowpower digital radios based on the IEEE 802.15.4 standard for wireless personal area networks (WPANs). Scope of work includes development of a low cost energy meter with zigbee transmitter, and a master controller with display of energy consumption analysis.
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Block Diagram:-
Power meter
Home Appliance1
Lcd
Power meter
Home Appliance2
Power meter . . . . .
Home Appliance3
Power meter
Home Appliance n
Technologies Software Hardware : : EMBEDDED C (for ARM BASED CONTROLLER), Network establishment Designing Power meter and microcontroller ckt
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Responsibilities


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TRIAC BASED APPLIANCE CONTROL

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Main Project Title Triac Based appliance control Project Description A TRIAC or Triode for Alternating Current is equivalent to two siliconcontrolled rectifiers (SCRs/thyristors) joined in inverse parallel (paralleled but with the polarity reversed) and with their gates connected together. TRIAC is a bidirectional triode thyristor. This results in a bidirectional electronic switch which can conduct current in either direction when it is triggered (turned on) and thus doesn't have any polarity. It can be triggered by either a positive or a negative voltage being applied to its gate electrode. The low voltage control side and the mains side are totally isolated, as opto-couplers are used to fire the triacs. Triac based appliance control is part of the Industrial automation project. This system is capable of controlling mains powered appliances using Triac. It can control numerous kinds of loads such as a lamp, a heater, electric motors, fans. Triac based appliances control system consists of two different units one is user interface unit and second one is control unit. Control unit is interfaced to the electrical appliances which are to be controlled. User interface unit is either touch sensor, a push button or a PC command through which we can control the electric device by pressing push button or by giving a command through PC. Communication between user interface and control unit is based on ZigBee technology. ZigBee is a specification for high level communication protocols using small, low-power digital radios based on the IEEE 802.15.4 standard for wireless personal area networks (WPANs). The Scope of work includes a detailed study of various kinds of loads and design of Snubber circuit for a particular TRIAC (with a given set of parameters like di/dt, dv/dt). Scope of work also includes the embedded firmware development for communication with the PC and control of Triac.
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Block Diagram:-
Triac Based Control ckt
Home Appliance1
Lcd
Home Appliance2
Triac Based Control ckt . . . . .
Home Appliance3
Key Pad or Touch Screen
Home Appliance n
Technologies Software Hardware : : EMBEDDED C (for ARM BASED CONTROLLER), Network establishment Designing Triac control and microcontroller ckt
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Responsibilities


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TYRE PRESSURE MONITOR

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Main Project Title Tyre pressure monitor Project Description Tyre pressure monitoring systems measure, identify and warn the driver of low pressure. This system generate accurate warnings and can alert the driver instantly if the pressure in any one tyre falls below a predetermined level due to rapid air loss caused by a puncture. Tyre pressure monitoring system has sensor in each wheel. Every sensor is connected to wireless controllers .Controllers send pressure data to the master controller which is placed in dash board of the vehicle. Master controller displays each tyre pressure on LCD display. If any tyre has low pressure then it will warns the driver by making sound through buzzer. Controllers communication will be based on ZigBee Technology. ZigBee is a specification for high level communication protocols using small, low-power digital radios based on the IEEE 802.15.4 standard for wireless personal area networks (WPANs). The scope of work includes study of wireless sensor network, network planning, design and development of hardware and embedded firmware for fault location and notification to the Master.
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Block Diagram:-
Pressure Sensor1
Lcd
Pressure Sensor2
Buzzer
Pressure Sensor3
Pressure Sensor4
Technologies Software Hardware : : EMBEDDED C (for ARM BASED CONTROLLER), Network establishment. Designing Microcontroller and sensor ckt
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Responsibilities


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WEIGH BRIDGE TRIP SHEET AUTOMATION APPLICATION

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Main Project Title Weighing bridge trip sheet automation application Project Description
Weighing bridge trip sheet automation application aims to make trip sheet maintenances of the vehicles easy. This application will show how many trips a vehicle has gone, which type of material it has taken to the quarry, weight of the material. Weighing bridge application is developed by using Wireless Microcontrollers. One controller will be in the weigh bridge, which will take the weight of the vehicle and sends to the vehicle controller. Vehicle controller will store the data of type of material weight and vehicle number. All vehicles data will be collected at garage. The person who has hand held device will collect the data of vehicles. Hand held device sends data to the PC through rs232 port. PC based application will stores the data in database. Communication between controllers is based on ZigBee Technology. ZigBee is a specification for high level communication protocols using small, lowpower digital radios based on the IEEE 802.15.4 standard for wireless personal area networks (WPANs). The scope of work includes study of wireless network planning, design and development of hardware and embedded firmware for notification to the Master and development of PC based user interface.
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Block Diagram:DATA COLLECTOR UNIT:-
Antenna
PC
WEIGH BRIDGE UNIT:
Antenna
PC
VEHICLE UNIT:-
Antenna Wireless Microcontroller
Flash Memory
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Technologies Software Hardware : : EMBEDDED C (for ARM BASED CONTROLLER), Network establishment. Designing Microcontroller and interfacing ckt
Responsibilities


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WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS FOR SMOKE AND FIRE PROTECTION

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Main Project Title Wireless sensor networks for smoke and fire protection Project Description
Wireless sensor networks for smoke and fire protection will help us to prevent disasters. This can be installed any where in our house, office, vehicle or industries. Smoke and Fire protection system contains sensor units and Master unit. In sensor unit micro controller always polls the sensor to get data of smoke and fire level. If the smoke level in the surrounding reaches certain level then it will send alert message to the centralized controller. Master controller will alerts all by giving signal to the buzzer and displays the place. System is developed with wireless controllers which establishes wireless network. Wireless controllers use zigbee technology for wireless communication. ZigBee is a specification for high level communication protocols using small, low-power digital radios based on the IEEE 802.15.4 standard for wireless personal area networks (WPANs). The scope of work includes study of wireless sensor network, network planning, design and development of hardware and embedded firmware for fault location and notification to the Master.
Block Diagram:DISPLAY UNIT:Antenna Buzzer
Lcd
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SENSOR UNIT:
Antenna
Smoke and Fire Sensor
Technologies Software Hardware : : EMBEDDED C (for ARM BASED CONTROLLER), Network establishment. Designing Microcontroller and sensor ckt
Responsibilities


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SAHA POWER MANAGEMENT UNIT

MICROCONTROLLER BASED ALARM MONITORING UNIT
Sub-Project Initiation Module No. 43

Main Project Title Power management unit Sub-Project Title Micro-controller based alarm monitoring unit Project Description Power Management Unit (PMU) as name suggests provides complete AC power management for telecom cell sites including voltage stabilization, over voltage, under voltage protection, phase selection and surge protection. In the telecommunication cell sites, there is a need to monitor the site data like mains supply, Diesel generator data, site alarms and environment conditions. Micro-controller based alarm monitoring unit will be interfaced with temperature sensor, fire/smoke sensor, door open/close sensor which are kept inside the telecommunication shelter and it also interfaces with diesel generation to collect the faulty conditions. It also monitors some of the parameters for the thresholds which are like mains supply voltage and current, frequency of operation etc., The alarms which are generated while monitoring the conditions will be transmitted to the Man machine interface for displaying on the Front Panel of the Power Management unit and further transfer the data to remote server through GSM/GPRS network. Power Management unit will be working in an automated mode by monitoring these alarms. This is useful in taking the decision to switch over to corresponding power supply and to safeguard the unit from malfunction. It helps in taking the necessary actions to be taken by site engineer during its maintenance.
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GSM/ GPRS
Interface with Sensors
ADC NMU Rx
Front Panel LED Display
Serial data for DG conditions GCU Tx
: :
Embedded C Micro controller
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Responsibilities


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AUTO MAIN FAILURE (AMF) Sub-Project Initiation Module No. 22

Main Project Title Power management unit Sub-Project Title Auto Main Failure Project Description Power Management Unit , which is commonly known as PMU, is the most modern electrical interface and control unit used for GSM / Telecom installation. The system is intended to be used for replacement of Servo Stabilizer, AMF(Auto Main Failure) Panel, Isolation Transformer, AC Distribution Panel, Lightning and Surge Arresters, Alarm Panel, Generator Battery Charger, etc. at telecommunication site. The advance feature of the unit provides input voltage correction in s to enable the user to utilize the mains even under extreme low voltage conditions which servo technology was not able to offer due to slow response. The input voltage is isolated completely. The unit has very fast true RMS measurement with High and Low voltages disconnect facility. The power management unit may include a mains input panel , a lightning arrestor, a phase selector, a line conditioner unit (LCU) , an auto mains failure (AMF) unit , a power distribution board (PDB), a surge arrester, a control unit, diesel generator (DG), a network monitoring system (NMS), a switch mode power supply (SMPS) based battery charger, batteries and energy meters. The scope of this sub project is to design the Auto Main Failure.The unit will have Two sources at its input, a primary souce and a secondary souce.The job of the module will be to put the primary source at its output when ever it is available and in case of its failure (unavailability) the module should put the secondary source as its output.so, the module should be shifting the output connection between primary source and the secondary source with primary
Saha Software Solutions Private Limited of 136
Page 100
source at higher priority.The module should take care of all protection issues that needs to be consider while shifting the terminals.
Power Supply
Diesel Generator
Voltage Sensing Stage
Logic Control Stage
Switching Transistor
Change over/ Electrical isolation
Load
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: :

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CONSTANT CURRENT BATTERY CHARGER Sub-Project Initiation Module No. 22

WARNING
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This document contains confidential information that could be substantially detrimental to the interest of Saha Software solutions through unauthorized use or disclose.
Main Project Title Power management unit Sub-Project Title Constant current Battery charger Project Description Power Management Unit , which is commonly known as PMU, is the most modern electrical interface and control unit used for GSM / Telecom installation. The system is intended to be used for replacement of Servo Stabilizer, AMF(Auto Main Failure) Panel, Isolation Transformer, AC Distribution Panel, Lightning and Surge Arresters, Alarm Panel, Generator Battery Charger, etc. at telecommunication site. The advance feature of the unit provides input voltage correction in s to enable the user to utilize the mains even under extreme low voltage conditions which servo technology was not able to offer due to slow response. The input voltage is isolated completely. The unit has very fast true RMS measurement with High and Low voltages disconnect facility. The power management unit may include a mains input panel , a lightning arrestor, a phase selector, a line conditioner unit (LCU) , an auto mains failure (AMF) unit , a power distribution board (PDB), a surge arrester, a control unit, diesel generator (DG), a network monitoring system (NMS), a switch mode power supply (SMPS) based battery charger, batteries and energy meters. The SMPS based battery charger provided in the PMU is meant to charge the diesel generator battery used for exciting the armature of the generator.Since the power available is the AC power it needs to convert to DC by switching technology and then a proper circuitry is needed to be design to charge the battery with all consideration for over-voltage and over-temperature protections.
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15V DC Micro Controller
Timer PWM
Converter NTC
ADC1
ADC2
Voltage Sensor
Temp Sensor
Battery
: :
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Responsibilities


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SAHA POWER MANAGEMENT UNIT Best Phase selection


WARNING This document contains confidential information that could be substantially detrimental to the interest of Saha Software solutions through unauthorized use or disclose. Saha Software Solutions Private Limited of 136 Page 107
Main Project Title Power management unit Sub-Project Title Best Phase selection Project Description At the telecommunication sites various electrical and electronic equipments, for example, cooling equipments, base transceiver station (BTS), lighting equipments etc. are installed. These electrical and electronic equipments may be installed in a shelter at the telecommunication sites. Power requirement of these equipments may vary normally in the range of about 220-240 volt AC and about 24-110 volt DC to operate such equipments. Therefore, the power obtained from the power supply sources need to be conditioned by stabilizing and regulating voltage, before supplying to the various equipments, depending upon the power rating and requirement of the equipments. In order to perform all these activities, a power management unit will be deployed at the telecom site. The mains input panel of Power Management Unit receives power from a mains power supply source and transmit the same to the phase selector. The phase selector selects two phases of the required voltage out of three phases of the mains power supply and transmits the power supply from the selected phases to the line conditioner unit (LCU). The LCU regulates input voltage which is transmitted to the power distribution board through an auto mains failure (AMF). The LCU may regulate input voltage and generate dual outputs of required voltage. In order to select the best phase, it is required to feed the voltage and current measurements to the micro-controller based generator control unit.
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LCD
Micro Controller R Y B Voltage Sensor Voltage Sensor Voltage Sensor ADC1 ADC2 I/O ADC3 Relay Circuitry
Best Phase
Y B
Load
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: :
Embedded C Voltage and Current sensors

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SAHA POWER MANAGEMENT UNIT DC Energy Meter


Main Project Title Power management unit Sub-Project Title DC Energy meter Project Description A single telecom tower can be used by multiple operators. The telecom shelter will be equipped with Base Transeiver Systems of respective operator. But the power to be utilised will be from a power plant, which will distribute to all the BTS installed. In order to measure the power consumed by each operator, it is required to have a Microcontroller based DC Energy meter. This will be useful in billing the operator for power consumption and also to monitor the power plant for its proper usage. DC Energy meter will be having arrangement for distributing the common 48V DC Supply from power plant to four separate BTS systems. Apart from distribution, it will be equipped with four channel Energy meter. The DC distribution panel is inserted in series with 48V Battery and BTS equipments. It gives 4 output rails of -48V each going to the corresponding load. The unit measures the voltage and current drawn by each BTS sub system. A seven segment LED displays the parameter voltage, current, power and energy. The unit computes the individual power and accumulates the energy consumption of each channel separately. The energy units consumed by each channel are stored in non volatile memory. Even if the unit power is removed this energy units memory will not be lost. The maximum input voltage is 65V DC and maximum output current for each channel is 75A DC. There will be two keys for channel and parameter selection.
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Voltage Sensor
LCD Micro Controller
Current Sensor Main Switch Power Supply
: :
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Responsibilities


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Diesel Generator Interface with Generator Control unit

Main Project Title Power management unit Sub-Project Title Diesel generator interface with Generator Control unit Project Description Telecom shelter is equipped with Base Transceiver station electronics along with Power management unit and other accessories. The power supply to these units is through electricity board or battery pack and a power plant. The power supply from electricity board is regarded as mains supply. In case of mains failure and low battery voltage, then it is required to have alternate source of energy. Most of the telecom towers use Diesel generator as alternate source. Based on the predetermined conditions and failure of mains supply and battery conditions, it is required to switch on diesel generator and also required to check the health of the system. Hence a micro-controller based generator unit will suffice to switch on/off and to monitor the conditions. The application is aimed to acquire the parameters like DG run hours, DG frequency, KWH, timings for start or stop of DG, DG Battery voltage, Speed, load current and voltage. It is required to monitor the alarm conditions like failures in starting or stopping DG, battery voltage beyond thresholds, under or over speed, low lubricant oil pressure, fuel level, high temperature and over/under voltage output. The cranking up time is 0 to 99 seconds for starter and the timer is reset if the engine is started before the programmed time. The number of start attempts are 1 to 3 with in a duration of 1 to 99 seconds. Stop solenoid time should be in between 10 to 99 seconds.
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PC Temp Sensor Signals from DG sensors I/O Commands to DG GCU

UART
: :
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Responsibilities


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Front Panel Interface with NMU/MMI Sub-Project Initiation Module No. 41

Main Project Title Power management unit Sub-Project Title Front Panel interface with NMU/MMI Project Description At telecommunication sites, a power management unit is installed for continuous supply of power to Base transceiver station. In order to know the status information of power management to user, it is required to show some useful data on the front panel of power management unit. The Front panel of the Power management unit in the current design is interfaced with Network management unit/ Man machine interface (NMU/MMI) of power management unit. There will be another unit called generator control unit which will interface with all the sensors located inside telecom shelter and also with diesel generator. GCU transmits data serially to NMU/MMI for display on to front panel. The Front panel interface card contains an LCD screen to display the important information in page wise, LEDs indicating the failure or alarm conditions, data displayed on seven segment display and also LEDs indicating the on/off status of various units. There should be provision for serial communication through RS232, for upload and download of data. The uploaded data will be useful in setting some useful parameters and data is downloaded for analysis. A keypad is designed to enter values for various parameters to change the initial conditions and also to navigate the pages displayed on LCD screen. The Log values are to be displayed on LCD.
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LCD Display Sensor Data

UART
LED Display
UART
Micro Controller
PC
(download)
Keypad
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: :

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GSM BASED DATA LOGGING AND MONITORING Sub-Project Initiation Module No. 07

Main Project Title Power management unit Sub-Project Title GSM based data logger and monitoring Project Description Telecom towers are equipped with Base Transiever Station (BTS) electronics. In order to continuously supply power to BTS, we require a Power Management unit. All these equipment will be enclosed in a telecom shelter. It is required to monitor the temperature, voltage levels and other sensors which are connected to power management unit. The data has to be logged in power management unit and also it is to be transmitted to server through GSM/GPRS connectivity. Apart from data acquisition, it is also required to check the thresholds of various sensors and send across the alarm data through GSM/GPRS to server. These can be high temperature, Low or high voltage thresholds, telecom shelter door open or close, fire or smoke detection etc., The data sent to the server will store the parameters in a data base for further analysis and also for report generation. During any malfunction of any unit in the power management unit will be recorded as alarm and an SMS is required to be sent across to the stored mobile numbers of the site operators. The GSM/GPRS modem is connected to the Network Management unit module of Power Management unit. The communication between NMU and server will be through a static IP. The data logger should be capable of maintaining last 1000 events generated in the PMU.
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The scope of this sub project is to design an NMU which has to establish a connection with a remote server using GSM services. The device should collect various parameters and should send them to the server. Hence a PC side application is also to be written which should collect this data and store locally for further analysis. For the demonstration purpose the student should collect the data from various sensors instead of collecting data over a modbus network and should send the same to the server.
GSM/GPRS
Sensors
NMU
Data Log
PC
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: :
Embedded C GSM/GPRS Modem

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Implementation of Modbus Protocol in PMU Sub-Project Initiation Module No. 42

WARNING
Page 127
Main Project Title Power management unit Sub-Project Title Implementation of Modbus Protocol in PMU Project Description Power Management unit is used in telecommunication sites for continuous supply of power. The power management unit is equipped with various microcontroller based systems like Generator control unit, Network Management unit, Energy meters and Line conditioning units. In order to monitor the health condition of each unit and also to transmit or receive data between these units, modbus protocol is required. The implementation of Modbus is over serial line and is a Master-Slave protocol. This protocol takes place at the level 2 of the OSI model. A master-slave type system has one node that issues explicit commands to one of the slave nodes and processes responses. Slave nodes will not typically transmit data with out a request from the master node, and donot communicate with other slaves. The Generator control unit is master node and all other units are slaves. The Modbus protocol provides the internal standard that the controllers use for parsing messages. During communications on a Modbus network, the protocol determines how each controller will know its device address, recognize a message addressed to it, determines the kind of action to be taken and extract any data or other information contained in the message. If a reply is required, the controller will construct the reply message and send it using Modbus protocol.
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The scope of this sub project is to implement the modbus protocol for master and slave devices and also to build one or two test units which will be simulating the fucntionalities of the slave devices.These test devices will be producing random signals which will be the approximate values that could be expected from the real devices.Therefore the student has to understand the whole system and should try to build test units as approximate as possible.The master should also have the provision to be connected to a Desktop through a serial port. PC UART Master (co-ordinator)
R
Slave1
Slave N
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: :
Embedded C Micro controller, RS485

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SAHA WIRELESS REMOTE CONNECTIVITY

VARIABLE LAMP DIMMER USING PWM Sub-Project Initiation Module No. 16

WARNING
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Main Project Title Wireless Remote Connectivity Sub-Project Title Variable Lamp Dimmer using PWM Project Description In Railways, especially on big platforms it is required to maintain sufficient lighting during peak traffic and save power consumption on lighting when there is no traffic. In order to save power on lighting system, it is required to have a change in brightness of the glowing unit based on the traffic density. This should be operable from a remote place. The current design of variable Lamp dimmer is a highly efficient 0 to 100% LED dimmer. This uses Pulse Width modulation (PWM) technique in order to adjust the brightness. For example, a high frequency, 50% duty cycle square wave applied in circuit causes the LEDs to fake half brightness, because the eye can't distinguish the very short full-on and full-off periods and just registers the average brightness. In order to have remote connectivity, a VHF communication is used in order to control the operation of dimming the LED glowing unit. The command is transmitted from PC to micro-controller based system through VHF channel. The protocol has to be designed to identify the destination LED display to be glown along with dimming rate and flashing capability. The design includes VHF connection with PC and VHF connection with micro-controller based system. Also the control circuit in order to glow the LED display.
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LED LAMP
UART Micro Controller Timer PWM
VHF Module
VHF UART Module
PC

: :

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SAHA REMOTE CONNECTIVITY

CENTRALIZED FAULT LOCATOR Sub-Project Initiation Module No. 01

Main Project Title Saha Remote Connectivity Sub-Project Title Centralized Fault Locator Project Description Modbus based Integrated protection modules are commissioned at various substations, with RS232 communication ports. When ever a fault occurs and CB trips, the protection module stores the snapshot of the electrical conditions in various holding registers( of the mod bus slave). Scope of work shall include configuration of each module for parallel Bus communication of any medium, for round the clock communication. It shall send the fault values upon tripping to the master (mod bus) which is located at the remote control room(RCC). A tailor made software to work under a graphical user interface for analyzing fault at RCC needs to be developed. The master will be conneted to PC on one side and to the network on other side and will be managing the whole network based on the commands provided to it by the PC.It needs to collect the data of all the slaves periodically to know the health of the system.The GUI should be capable of performing various operations based on the data coming from slaves through the master control. These could be indicating the fault conditions of independent slaves and also required to generate the reports as per the requirement.
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PC
UART
Master (co-ordinator)
R
Slave1
Slave N

: :
Embedded C Modbus (RS485)

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SAHA EMBEDDED PROJECTS

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Authors <<Team Member name>> 08, January, 2010

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FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM

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Technologies Software Hardware Responsibilities

Software Specification Document Software Design Document Software Test Procedure

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Authors <<Team Member name>> 08, January, 2010

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FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM

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Technologies Software Hardware

Software Specification Document Software Design Document Software Test Procedure

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GPS based track sign indicator

Authors <<Team Member name>> 08, January, 2010

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LED MATRIX DISPLAY

Technologies Software Hardware

Software Specification Document Software Design Document Software Test Procedure

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Main Project Title 3D Device Tracking Sub-Project Title 3D Motion Recorder-Playback

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Technologies Software Hardware .

Software Specification Document Software Design Document Software Test Procedure

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Active RFID based Asset Tracking Using Zigbee and MEMS

Authors <<Team Member name>> 08, January, 2010

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MEMS RF MICRO CONTROLLER SENSORS (Temp or light)

Buzzer MEMS RF MICRO CONTROLLER Lcd

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Technologies Software Hardware

Software Specification Document Software Design Document Software Test Procedure

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Active RFID based Car Parking System using Zigbee

Authors <<Team Member name>> 08, January, 2010

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IR MODULE MICRO CONTROLL ER

DISPLAY DRIVERS LED MATRIX

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