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AP/OCT 2010/SUG413

UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA FINAL EXAMINATION

COURSE COURSE CODE EXAMINATION TIME

ADVANCED ENGINEERING SURVEYING SUG413 OCTOBER 2010 3 HOURS

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES 1. 2. 3. 4. This question paper consists of five (5) questions. Answer four (4) questions in the Answer Booklet. Start each answer on a new page. Do not bring any material into the examination room unless permission is given by the invigilator. Please check to make sure that this examination pack consists of: i) ii) the Question Paper an Answer Booklet - provided by the Faculty

DO NOT TURN THIS PAGE UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO

This examination paper consists of 3 printed pages
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CONFIDENTIAL QUESTION 1

AP/OCT2010/SUG413

a) An efficient transport system is essential for a prosperous economy and it required to be planed properly to meet the need of road users. Determining the alignment of the road is most crucial and important parts in any process of highway construction. Discuss the following stages in road construction: i) ii) iii) iv) Desk study for selecting the best route Preliminary survey to mark the proposed route on the ground Right of way for the route Final survey and construction (25 marks) QUESTION 2 a) A highway with a design speed of 160 km/h has a curve with 800 m radius. What is the required spiral length to accommodate a gradual change from the tangent section to the circular curve? Given the maximum rate of change in lateral acceleration is 1.2 m/s3. (5 marks) b) A horizontal curve on a two-lane highway, with 6.5 meters lanes, is to be designed. The design speed is 160 km/h, PI at 10 + 186.341, a radius of 900 meters and the A (central angle of 33 00". Compute for all relevant spiral and circular curve deflections angle and chainage station on the curve if the chainage interval is 25 m. (20 marks)

QUESTION 3 A reverse back horizontal curve with spiral curve on the first and second curve is being designed with a proposed speed of 130 km/h. The Ls for eighth and ninth curve are 74 m and 95 m respectively. The Pl8 is at station 12 + 386.116, both of the curve have 800 meters radius and the central angle of 28 00 and 32 00". Compute the distance Pl 8 and Pl9 and coordinates on the TS, SC CS and ST for both of the curves. Given the coordinate on the Pl8 are 266332.233 m E and 136622.338 m N, incoming tangent bearing is 102 12' 22"and rate of change in lateral acceleration is 1.2 m/s3. (25 marks) QUESTION 4 a) A digital terrain model can be used both as a means of modeling the three-dimensional character of an area, and as base for deriving other characteristics of mountainous environments (such as slopes and aspects). The development of a DTM, its scale, resolution, and quality thus become special considerations before it can be used during planning stage of a construction project. Discuss the reasons for the consideration. (13 marks)
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AP/OCT2010/SUG413

b) Data Sources is very important for modeling of terrain environment which can be acquired for representing the actual condition. Such data can be measured by different techniques, compare the following techniques: i) Field surveying ii) Photogrammetric iii) Cartographic digitizing (12 marks)

QUESTION 5 a) A basic principle in deformation survey is to determine coordinates for a network of points using various types of measurements that establish a known geometrical relationship between them. Points with unknown spatial coordinates are connected into the network by the measurements. Surveying observation equations provide a mathematical model that organizes the measurements into a consistent form where methods for finding a unique solution for the unknown coordinates are possible and a repeat observation is conducted to detect any movement. With appropriate example or diagram explain the following concept that apply during least square adjustment of a deformation survey data: i) ii) iii) iv) Observation weighting for a set of observed deformation survey data Confident level of the adjusted observation Residual of an adjusted observation Degree of freedom of an observed data (12 marks) b) Guidance system is designed to give any possible assistance to the pilot of a Tunnel Boring Machine (TBM). Explain on the concept of Electronic Laser System (ELS) and Gyro Navigation System (GNS) that usually used in guiding TBM during tunnel construction work. (13 marks)

END OF QUESTION PAPER

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