Author Hooks

NURS 220 Study Guide Title Topic Feminist Intro Politics: where we stand

Main Idea and themes Definitions Basic history of feminism Feminism: a movement to end sexism, sexist Sexism is the heart of the exploitation, and matter oppression Clear definitions are Reformist: want to alter important to the movement existing system to give women more rights Revolutionary: want to transform existing system to end patriarchy and sexism Exploring womens health compared to mens Exploring how gender affects process of providing health care services Social construction of genders creates undue health risks for women Feminist perspective in womens health: 1. Work with women not for them 2. Heterogeneity as assumption, not homogeneity 3. Minimize/expose power imbalances 4. Reject androcentric models as normative 5. Challenge medicalization/pathologi zing of normal physiologic processes 6. Seeks social and political change to address womens health issues Health disparities for women of color and low income Gender assumptions negatively impact health Gender: self-representation as man or woman or who that person is responded to by social institutions based on gender presentation. Rooted in biology and shaped by environment/experience Sex: the classification of living things as man or woman according to reproductive organs and functions assigned by chromosomal complement Biology: study of life and living organisms, including genetic molecular biochemical hormonal cellular physiological behavioral and psychological aspects of life Social construction: process by which societal expectations of behavior become interpreted or ascribed as innate characteristics that are biologically determined Oppression: not having a choice Health (WHO definition

Kane-low and Schuiling

Womens health from feminist perspective

Intro

 Valenti Youre a hardcore feminist, I swear Intro

care How do we define health? (social, environmental factors) Womens health from a feminist perspective strategies Were all afraid to admit that were feminists because of unappealing stereotypes

1946): state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity

Truth Aint I a Woman Intro Commentary on the discourse about rights Uses herself as an example of how women are equal to men in more ways then men want to think Questions what intellect has to do with rights? Womens movement challenges socially constructed ideas Spit vs saliva

Feminism: belief in the social political and economic equality of the sexes or the movement organized around this belief

Torres Simple explanation of social construction Intro

Social: by people Construction: created/given meaning Social construction: an agreed-upon meaning by a group of people or society given to something

Steinem

If Men Could Menstruate

Anato my/P hys

Muscio

Blood and Cunts

Anato my/P hys

Example of men being able to menstruate and using it as a form of power over women The characteristics of the powerful are thought to be better than the characteristics of the powerless Shame and discretion surrounding natural feminine processes Pathologizing Opposes how society has convinced women that we should remain oblivious to

Valenti

Feminists Do it better

Influe nces on Wome ns expre ssions of sexual ity

Glasford and Huang

Immigrant Womens health: a casualty in the immigration policy war

Health dispar ities

Gamble

Under the shadow of Tuskegee

Health dispar ities

Jones

Levels of Racism

Health Dispar ities

our bodies Women should take responsibility and control of our bodies to make informed decisions about sexuality We shouldnt be ashamed of having sex Why do women allow penises to define their sexuality? Binomial thinking (virgin vs slut) Oppression of womens sexual expression Oppression of knowledge available to women through abstinence programs Social constructions of womens sexuality influence womens expressions of sexuality Consequences of broken immigration system, economic exploitation and violence is multitude of reproductive health disparities for immigrant women Policy recommendations: ensure better education, equitable access to family planning services, legal and safe immigration options African americans distrust health institutions and public health Several factors have influenced and continue to influence attitudes toward the biomedical community The variable race is not a biological construct that reflect innate difference,

Equality: being treated exactly the same Equity: Being treated in the most fair and circumstantial way Example: Equality is giving everyone a free pair of size 10 shoes and equity is giving everyone a free pair of shoes in their size

Institutionalized Racism: differential access to the goods, services, and

but a social construct that precisely captures the impacts of racism Three levels: institutionalized, personally mediated, and internalized Institutionalized differential access to quality education, housing, employment, medical facilities, and a clean environment lack of access to power Personally Mediated intentional or unintentional, acts of commission or omission, maintains structural barriers, condoned by societal norms manifests as lack of respect suspicion, and everyday avoidance Internalized Racism: reflects systems of privilege, societal values, erodes individual sense of value, undermines collective action accepting limitations manifests in embracing of whiteness The Gardeners Tale importance of environment Institutionalized racism is the most fundamental of the 3 levels and must be addressed for important change to occur Who is the gardener? o Government power to deice, act, control of resources o Dangerous when allied with one

opportunities of society by race legalized manifests in inherited disadvantage Personally Mediated Racism: prejudice and discrimination, where prejudice means differential assumptions about the abilities, motives, and intentions of others according to their race and discrimination means differential actions toward others according to their race Internalized Racism: acceptance by members of the stigmatized races of negative messages about their own abilities and intrinsic work

McIntosh

Unpacking the Health Knapsack of Dispar White ities Privilege

Shange

With no immediate cause

Violen ce agains t

group, or not concerned about equity White privilege is denied and protected, though it is acknowledged that racism puts others at a disadvantage Privilege such as this simply confers dominance because of ones race or sex Unearned advantage being privileged without having to work for it Silence and denial surrounding privilege are key political tools keep the thinking about equality or equity incomplete, protecting unearned advantage and conferred dominance by making these taboo subjects Obliviousness about white advantage, like obliviousness about male advantage, is kept strongly inculturated in the U.S., so to maintain the myth of meritocracy, the myth that democratic choice is equally available to all Open question whether we will chose to use unearned advantage to weaken hidden systems of advantage and whether we will use any of arbitrarilyawarded power to reconstruct power systems on a broader base Poem about the abuse against women by men from physical to sexual Very violent and graphic

wome n Campbell Health Consequences of intimate partner violence Violen ce agains t wome n

The Lolita Effect

Violence is Sexy

Violen ce agains t

emphasizing the fact that this happens every day every 3, 5, and 10 minutes Theme abuse has numerous consequences on a womans health that can last all of her life there are physical, mental, and emotional health effects Intimate partner violence is one of the most common causes of injury in women Injuries, fear, and stress associated with intimate partner violence can remain for the remainder of ones life Gynecological problems are the most consistent, longest lasting, and largest physical health difference between battered and nonbattered women Abuse during pregnancy threat to health and risk of death of the mother, fetus, or both from trauma Mental health effects Depression and PTSD most common in intimate partner violence Use of Medical Care poorer overall mental and physical health, more injuries, and more consumption of medical care including prescriptions and admissions in hospital in abused than non-abused women Media is constantly connecting women and violence o Ex. Violence in

wome n

Chernik

The Body Politic

Body image

Yancey

Obesity at a

Body

horror films against women just after a sexual scene Video games and music videos also connect women with violent situations Message that is being sent is that violence is sexy Many teens believe violence in a relationship is acceptable What we can do: do not ignore or trivialize violent media content, encourage group discussion, use visual and internet tools, reach out to boys as activists Societal opinions give women an unrealistic ideal for a body image feel like we have to fit a certain type and focus all of our attention on reaching an unattainable goal I observed a woman held up by her culture as the physical ideal because she was starving, self-obsessed and powerless, a woman called beautiful because she threatened no one but herself When we deny ourselves physical food, we go hungry emotionally, psychologically, spiritually, and politically. We must challenge ourselves to eat and digest, and allow society to call us too big. We will understand their message to mean too powerful. Women who are poor, of

crossroads

image

color, and lesbian are at higher risk for obesity Obesity has reached epidemic proportions huge increase in obesity Contributes to various common chronic diseases including heart attack, stroke, postmenopausal breast cancer, colon cancer, type 2 diabetes, sleep apnea, etc. Social and economic factors rather than solely individual choices are the underlying cause of the rapidly increasing proportion of overweight and obese people Prevention policies and programs will be much more effective than individual weight loss strategies in reversing the precipitous increase in overweight, obesity, and their negative health counterparts Food that is fattening is much cheaper than its healthier counterparts, physical activity has decreased due to many factors including technology, and people have become more sedentary Less healthful eating and physical activity patterns in some demographic groups, seems to be due to social and physical environment differences Fast food is very easy to get to and appealing to

working families who have children because they know their children will enjoy the food and its quick and easy targets neighborhoods with people of color Television watching ethnic differences in the valuation of thinness influence the decisions of advertisers and casting agents, distorting television reality women of color may see it more acceptable to be overweight because various characters show that obesity is normative in the black community, thereby influencing teens body image ideals