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Speak French with condence

Speak French with condence


Jean-Claude Arragon

The publisher has used its best endeavours to ensure that the URLs for external websites referred to in this book are correct and active at the time of going to press. However, the publisher and the author have no responsibility for the websites and can make no guarantee that a site will remain live or that the content will remain relevant, decent or appropriate. For UK order enquiries: please contact Bookpoint Ltd, 130 Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4SB. Telephone: +44 (0) 1235 827720. Fax: +44 (0) 1235 400454. Lines are open 09.0017.00, Monday to Saturday, with a 24-hour message answering service. Details about our titles and how to order are available at www.teachyourself.co.uk For USA order enquiries: please contact McGraw-Hill Customer Services, PO Box 545, Blacklick, OH 43004-0545, USA. Telephone: 1-800-722-4726. Fax: 1-614-755-5645. For Canada order enquiries: please contact McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd, 300 Water St, Whitby, Ontario L1N 9B6, Canada. Telephone: 905 430 5000. Fax: 905 430 5020. Long renowned as the authoritative source for self-guided learning with more than 50 million copies sold worldwide the teach yourself series includes over 500 titles in the elds of languages, crafts, hobbies, business, computing and education. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data: a catalogue record for this title is available from the British Library. Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: on le. First published in UK 2005 as Teach yourself French Conversation by Hodder Education, 338 Euston Road, London, NW1 3BH. First published in US 2005 as Teach yourself French Conversation by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. This edition published 2010. The teach yourself name is a registered trade mark of Hodder Headline. Copyright 2005, 2010 Jean-Claude Arragon In UK: All rights reserved. Apart from any permitted use under UK copyright law, no part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information, storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher or under licence from the Copyright Licensing Agency Limited. Further details of such licences (for reprographic reproduction) may be obtained from the Copyright Licensing Agency Limited, of Saffron House, 610 Kirby Street, London EC1N 8TS. In US: All rights reserved. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher. Typeset by Servis Filmsetting Ltd, Stockport, Cheshire. Printed in the UK for Hodder Education, an Hachette UK Company, 338 Euston Road, London NW1 3BH. The publisher has used its best endeavours to ensure that the URLs for external websites referred to in this book are correct and active at the time of going to press. However, the publisher and the author have no responsibility for the websites and can make no guarantee that a site will remain live or that the content will remain relevant, decent or appropriate. Hachette UKs policy is to use papers that are natural, renewable and recyclable products and made from wood grown in sustainable forests. The logging and manufacturing processes are expected to conform to the environmental regulations of the country of origin. Impression number 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Year 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010

Contents
Track listing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Only got a minute? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Only got ve minutes? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Only got ten minutes? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Conversation 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Part 1: Introducing yourself . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12 Part 2: Responding to more questions about yourself . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12 Conversation 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Part 1: Reserving a room. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14 Part 2: Booking into a hotel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16 Conversation 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Part 1: Complaining about a noisy neighbour. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16 Part 2: Asking for things to be put right . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18 Conversation 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Part 1: Asking for directions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18 Part 2: Asking how to get to the nearest car rental office. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20 Conversation 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Part 1: Getting in touch again. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22 Part 2: Meeting an old friend for coffee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22 Conversation 6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Part 1: Renting a car. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24 Part 2: Booking a table in a restaurant. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26 Conversation 7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 Part 1: Buying a ticket to a theme park . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26 Part 2: Visiting a museum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28 Conversation 8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Part 1: Arriving at a restaurant and ordering pre-dinner drinks . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30 Part 2: Ordering a meal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30 Conversation 9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 Part 1: Going to the chemists. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32 Part 2: Shopping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34 Conversation 10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 Part 1: Booking a train ticket . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34 Part 2: Booking a taxi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36
Contents

Conversation 3/1: Making a telephone reservation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Conversation 3/2: In the hotel lobby . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Conversation 3/3: In the restaurant. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Conversation 3/4: An attempted robbery. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Conversation 3/5: Giving directions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Conversation 3/6: Patricks ying visit. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Conversation 3/7: Dinner at Patricks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Conversation 3/8: A wine tasting session . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Conversation 3/9: At the ea market. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Conversation 3/10: Departure for Paris. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Listening skills: Survival phrases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . FrenchEnglish glossary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . EnglishFrench glossary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Essential vocabulary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Subject index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

38 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56 57 64 71 71

Credits
Front cover: Food Collection/Photolibrary.com Back cover: Jakub Semeniuk/iStockphoto.com, Royalty-Free/ Corbis, agencyby/iStockphoto.com, Andy Cook/iStockphoto.com, Christopher Ewing/iStockphoto.com, zebicho Fotolia.com, Geoffrey Holman/iStockphoto.com, Photodisc/Getty Images, James C. Pruitt/iStockphoto.com, Mohamed Saber Fotolia.com

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Track listing
CD1 Track 1: Introduction Tracks 210: Conversation 1 Tracks 1118: Conversation 2 Tracks 1926: Conversation 3 Tracks 2735: Conversation 4 Tracks 3643: Conversation 5 CD2 Tracks 18: Conversation 6 Tracks 916: Conversation 7 Tracks 1723: Conversation 8 Tracks 2432: Conversation 9 Tracks 3341: Conversation 10 CD3 Track 1: Introduction Track 2: Conversation 1: Making a telephone reservation Track 3: Conversation 2: The hotel lobby Track 4: Conversation 3: In the restaurant Track 5: Conversation 4: An attempted robbery Track 6: Conversation 5: Giving directions Track 7: Conversation 6: Patricks ying visit Track 8: Conversation 7: Dinner at Patricks Track 9: Conversation 8: A wine-tasting session Track 10: Conversation 9: At the ea market Track 11: Conversation 10: Departure for Paris Recorded at Alchemy Studios, London. Cast: Alexandre Claude, Caroline Crier, Daniel Pageon, Sylvie Salahuddin, Sarah Sherborne.

Track listing

vii

Introduction
Welcome to Speak French with condence. If you have no previous knowledge of French you will have to prioritize and start with the basics. As your learning develops, I will help you to become more adventurous and to make your learning experience increasingly rewarding. You will gradually be able to deal condently with a wider array of structures and situations and I shall guide you in your progress. You will develop your ability to communicate with native speakers, to understand what they say and to respond in French in a meaningful way. Prioritizing does not mean overlooking other important elements of communication. These will not be forgotten, but I will introduce them to you when you are ready. If you are not a beginner and are taking French up again, you will be able to decide where you want to resume your learning experience instead of covering material you are already condent with. In this course, you will nd all you need to develop your skills to a level where you can enjoy talking and understanding what is said. In the notes which I have prepared for you, you will nd further information on the form and content of this course as well as comprehensive instructions on how to use it to full advantage. Happy learning and bonne chance! Jean-Claude Arragon

Introduction

Only got a minute?


The French are immensely proud of their nationality, their language and their culture. They are ready to be critical of themselves (but do not always take kindly to someone criticizing them!). Any attempt by a foreigner to speak their own language will be greatly appreciated and will help create positive feelings, which will lead to closer links. What in your mind appears as a feeble effort to express yourself in French will be met by encouraging comments such as: Ah, vous parlez bien franais! (Oh, you speak good French!), or Vous avez un trs bon accent! (You have a very good accent!). This may even lead to: Venez prendre un petit apritif avec nous (Come and have a little aperitif with us). Note, however, that the word petit is a term of affection and in no way reects the size of the drink! When French people have warmed to you, they may well ask you for a meal: Venez manger la maison! (Come and have a meal at our house!). Lifelong friendships have been known to develop from such

modest beginnings! Dont be surprised or offended, however, if your new French friends are keen to show you that they know a little English. You should also bear in mind that French spoken with an English accent is perceived as sexy, but then the same is said in England about a French accent!

Only got a minute?

Only got ve minutes?

As a learner of French, one useful thing for you to note is that a very large number of words of Latin origin are to be found in both English and French with similar meanings. If, as is now claimed, it is true that at least a third of English words are of Latin origin, this will give you an enormous advantage when it comes to developing your vocabulary. To convince yourself of this you only need to leaf through a good English dictionary, where you will usually nd the origin of the word at the end of each denition. Historically, the dual inuence of Old English and Latin has often led to doublets, that is to say words from different origins having the same or very similar meanings, for instance: freedom and liberty, feud and hostility, foe and enemy, guilt and culpability, halt and stop, ownership and possession, weapons and arms, etc. Knowledge of the existence of these Latin-based words in English will make the acquisition of new French vocabulary quite easy. Although it is true that Latin-based words usually belong to a more elevated language register, they are nevertheless frequently used and (with some exceptions), you can try them out in French with a high degree of condence. There are also numerous commonly used expressions and sayings which have been borrowed from French: for a start, the mottos of the Crown: Dieu et mon droit (God and my right), Honni soit qui mal y pense (evil unto him who evil thinks), as well as a host of others: coup de grce, double entendre, je ne sais quoi, laisser faire, tte tte, bon vivant/ bon viveur, bon voyage, etc. An additional advantage of the co-existence of Latin-based vocabulary in the two languages is that, with certain categories of nouns, you can predict the gender of the French equivalent, for example: Most abstract nouns (i.e. referring to concepts rather than concrete things) ending in -ty, have a French equivalent in -t. All are feminine: autorit, beaut, nationalit, opportunit, ralit, virilit, etc.

Most nouns in -tion and -(s)sion have a French equivalent: abstention, condition, dtermination, motion, prparation, raction, solution, tentation, admission, confession, passion, aversion, etc. All are feminine. Most English nouns ending in -ism have a French equivalent in -isme, and all are masculine: altruisme, fascisme, ralisme, socialisme, tourisme, vandalisme, etc. This means that when making up a sentence containing these words, you will know what the form of the adjective should be, since you have learnt that French adjectives, unlike English ones, become masculine, feminine, singular or plural according to the gender and number of the noun they relate to; if you wish to mention the French nationality or a great emotion, you will say: la nationalit franaise (and not le nationalit franais), or une grande motion (and not un grand motion). So, you could start thinking about how many of these words you know and jotting them down! Now, for another grammatical point: In English, adjectives normally go before the noun they relate to: a big house, a small boy, a French wine, a black suit, an American car. The temptation will be great to use the same structure in French. Unfortunately, there are specic sets of rules about the position of certain types of adjectives: those relating to size and age for instance go before the noun: une grande maison, un petit garon. Those relating to colour or nationality are placed after the noun: un vin franais, un costume noir, une voiture amricaine! This is why it is crucial to always be alert, to listen carefully, to make a mental note of such differences, to use your detective skills to rene your performance and to formulate your own theories by asking: I wonder if Not only will this knowledge enable you to enrich your vocabulary, but it will also help you to produce more accurate sentences. So, you

Only got a minute? got ve minutes? Only

now have at your disposal a vast number of words which you can, with condence, slip into your French conversation. This will denitely impress your listeners! Another way of making rapid progress is to imagine a situation which you may nd yourself in (for instance, going to a shop to buy croissants for your breakfast, a newspaper, stamps and postcards), etc, and rehearse in advance what you would say to get what you want, adding a few niceties in the process. When the situation arises you will have worked out what to say without having to do it on the spot! Language learning is in part akin to detective work. You must keep your eyes peeled and your ears open, compare what you already know and what you are hearing, make up your own theories about what you have learned, and experiment. This is the key to effective and rewarding learning!

10 Only got ten minutes?


French has for many centuries been the favoured language of the educated classes of Europe. In the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, the nobility of most European courts (Prussia, Austria, Russia ) used French as its lingua franca. France was internationally recognized as the centre of artistic, literary and cultural excellence. The seventeenth century was marked by the personality and work of Ren Descartes, scientist and philosopher, author of the famous statement: Je pense donc je suis (I think therefore I am). Despite having given way to English as the new international language, French, which played a key-role in le Sicle des Lumires (the Age of Enlightenment that was the eighteenth century), is still spoken in over 50 countries by more than 270 million people. In the eyes of many, France remains a country much admired. It was no accident, for example, that writers from all over the world congregated in Paris at the end of the Second World War to debate the merits of various literary movements or philosophical doctrines (in particular Jean-Paul Sartres and Simone de Beauvoirs existentialism), in the cafs of Saint Germain-des-Prs. Historically, the key factor for the development of French was its adoption as the ofcial language, set out by the Ordinance of VillersCotterts (1539), which decreed that from that date, all administrative and legal documents were to be written in French and not in Latin as had been the norm until then. This measure forced people in key posts to use exclusively the now ofcial language. This, however, did not mean that from that time onwards everybody in France spoke French. There were a number of regional languages, patois and dialects which made communication and commercial activities difcult between people from different geographical areas. The stated aim of that measure, which was endorsed by successive national governments, was to eradicate regional differences and to create one national language. To ensure the effectiveness of the Ordinance, the French Academy, lAcadmie Franaise was created in 1635. It was a learned body composed of respected intellectuals and members of the professions. Its work was to be devoted to the preservation of the purity of the French
Only got ten minutes?

language. It was then decided that, because Paris was the ofcial seat of administrative and political power, the national language would be based on la langue dol (ol meaning yes and pronounced like the English hoi in hoi polloi) used in the North of France. At that time, poets and writers also devoted themselves to the enrichment of the French language. Two of the most famous names of that period are those of Pierre de Ronsard and Joachim du Bellay, both members of a group of poets called La Pliade who wrote their literary manifesto: Dfense et illustration de la Langue Franaise. In their work, they introduced large numbers of words and expression to instil new energy into the language. The Acadmie still exists today, and its 40 members, les Immortels (the Immortals) work tirelessly for the production, review and updating of the Dictionnaire de la Langue Franaise, and the weeding out of words or expressions inappropriate to the purity of the language. Nowadays, one of the constant headaches of the Acadmie is the proliferation of English or American words, particularly in the elds of IT, business, science and technology. The government has tried (without much success) to stem the ow of these expressions, collectively referred to as le Franglais, by introducing legislation forbidding the use of English words in ofcial documents, but the versatility and exibility of English, coupled with the technological innovations of the Anglo-Saxon world, means that words to describe new processes are coined much more easily than in French and exported throughout the world. Sometimes, however, the meaning of those Franglais words is only distantly related to the original: le footing is jogging, le catch is wrestling, le starter is the choke, whereas le jogging is a jogging suit, and le relook(ing) is a makeover. As for le ball-trap, an English speaker may be hard-pressed to guess that it means clay-pigeon shooting! A useful pointer: all Franglais words are masculine, unless they refer to a woman, e.g. la call-girl, la script-girl In a further effort to control the inuence of English, the government has recently imposed quotas on the percentage of American and English pop songs broadcast in the French media! The covert reason for the imposition of la langue dol as the ofcial language in the sixteenth century was political. People in Occitanie, the

area south of the Massif Central spoke la langue doc (from the particle oc also meaning yes). This was seen as a threat to the kings power. So, after having remained throughout the Middle Ages a centre of cultural enlightenment and commercial excellence, LOccitanie was devastated in the twelth century by a Crusade called by Pope Innocent III and King Louis VIII of France. Allegedly, the aim of the Crusade was to put an end to the Cathar (or Albigensian) Heresy. Innocent III was reported to have told the crusaders: Tuez les tous, Dieu reconnatra les siens (Kill them all, God will recognize his own). As a consequence, the Occitan area was brought to its knees and mercilessly plundered. Hosts of people were massacred and all the conscated territories were claimed by the king. Despite this, Occitan continued to be spoken in the South and is still thriving to this day. It is said to be used by approximately 8 million people, not only among the older generations, but also among young people eager to rediscover the beauty of the language, its writers, its poets, and its history. This has been aided by European directives fostering the revival of regional languages and by the efforts of dedicated individuals who run summer schools in Occitan (Escolas Occitanas dEstiu). Furthermore, other regional languages (Breton, Alsacien, Catalan, Basque ) which, after the 1539 Ordinance, were relegated to the rank of dialects or patois, have regained respectability: French Universities now offer them for study at graduate and postgraduate levels. The determination of successive governments policies to eradicate all but the ofcial language led to great efforts to stop children from using these at schools. This practice was continued until the 1950s and this writer, who spoke Occitan as his second language, was frequently punished for using it in the playground.

French regional variations


Because the meaning of words like accent, patois, dialect, or slang is not always very clear, it can lead to confusion in the minds of learners. Lets try to clarify them:
Only got ten minutes?

Accent: This is the way Standard French is pronounced in a given area. The standard grammar and word-order are (more or less) respected, but the words are said in a way characteristic of the region considered. Consequently, an accent marks the speaker as a member of a geographical or social group. The educated Parisian accent is accepted as the norm and used by presenters on radio and television. The southern accent is characterized by strongly articulated vowels, including the -e which sounds similar to the vowel in standard English r. Reference is often made by people from other areas to the cheery and sunny quality of the southern accent! Patois: This way of speaking does not always follow the grammar or pronunciation rules of the standard language. In France, patois are generally used by ageing members of a rural community. They vary from area to area and are not always understandable by Standard French speakers. The economic development and the rural exodus (movement of people to big cities between the 50s and mid-70s) have dealt them a serious blow and led to a decline in the number of such speakers. Using patois is denitely seen as uncool by younger generations. Dialects: The traditional meaning refers to a way of speaking characteristic of a small regional area. Each dialect has its own grammar, pronunciation and vocabulary. Formerly, they used to create a strong sense of identity within a given community. As society progressed, dialects began to be considered by speakers of Standard French as unrened, and young people refused to use them, believing it made them sound like uneducated peasants. Schools also frowned upon dialects being used in the playground. As a consequence, regional dialects have slowly been disappearing and are now, like patois, mostly spoken by ageing members of the population in rural areas. There is, however, another meaning to the word: it refers to vocabulary and expressions linked with certain types of professional activity: technicians, engineers, students, doctors, soldiers, etc. Unlike regional dialects, these are still thriving. There are also urban dialects spoken by certain minorities wanting to assert their identity. The dividing line between these and slang is often blurred (see opposite).

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Slang (Largot). This is a form of speech which willfully disregards the basic rules of the language. According to some linguists, slang, which they see as a secret code originally developed by criminal members of the underworld, was and is used to create a sense of belonging within a tight-knit group and to exclude those who do not belong to that group. This is the case of verlan (backslang) mostly spoken by young people from a working-class, urban background. Words are created by switching the order of syllables as in: chbran (for branch trendy), blca (for cbl in the know), un ripou (for un pourri a bent copper), or in more cryptic forms like keuf (for ic policeman) or meuf (for femme woman). The constant invention of new vocabulary makes it difcult for speakers of Standard French to understand verlan. Sometimes argot is also used to refer to a way of speaking which, while preserving the basic characteristics of the standard language, uses a vocabulary specic to a social or professional group (school slang, military slang, etc.). In this latter sense, it is similar to the second meaning of the word dialect. Some of the variations encountered in France are not dialects but proper languages. This is the case of Breton, the language spoken in Brittany, which is Celtic in origin. Alsacien, spoken in Alsace, has more in common with High German than with French. Occitan, mentioned above, and Catalan spoken in France and Spain on the Mediterranean side of the Pyrenees are also Latin-based languages which are both closer to Spanish than French. If you visit those areas, you may well hear them in small and medium-sized southern towns on market days. The list of regional languages would not be complete without the mention of Basque, spoken on the Atlantic side of the Pyrenees in both France and Spain. The origins of the Basque language are still shrouded in mystery. The Basque people are ercely nationalistic; they want to be independent from both host countries and are prepared to use violence to achieve that aim.

Only got ten minutes?

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Conversation 1
PART 1: INTRODUCING YOURSELF L CD1, TR3

Market researcher Patrick Market researcher Patrick Market researcher Patrick Market researcher Patrick Market researcher Patrick

Bonjour. Vous tes de Bordeaux? Oui, je suis de Bordeaux. Vous tes mari? Non, je suis clibataire. Profession? Je suis architecte. Vous tes en vacances? Non. Excusez-moi, je suis en retard! Dsole! Au revoir!

Insight
The following expressions will serve you well in your dealings with French people: bonjour, hello (when meeting somebody during the day), au revoir, good-bye (when leaving), pardon, pardon/forgive me, sil vous plat, please, merci beaucoup or mercibien, thank you very much. In very familiar speech you can use salut! for both hello and good-bye.

PART 2: RESPONDING TO MORE QUESTIONS ABOUT YOURSELF L CD1, TR7, 0:40

Market researcher Claudine Market researcher Claudine Market researcher Claudine Market researcher Claudine Market researcher

Excusez-moi, vous tes de Paris? Oui, jhabite Paris. Dans le centre? Non, dans la banlieue. Dans un appartement? Oui. Il est grand? Non, il est petit. Profession?

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Market researcher Patrick Market researcher Patrick Market researcher Patrick Market researcher Patrick Market researcher Patrick

Hello! Are you from Bordeaux? Yes, I am from Bordeaux. Are you married? No, I am single. Profession? Im an architect. Are you on holiday? No. Excuse me, Im late! Sorry! Goodbye!

Market researcher Claudine Market researcher Claudine Market researcher Claudine Market researcher Claudine Market researcher

Excuse me, are you from Paris? Yes, I live in Paris. In the centre? No, in the suburbs. In an apartment? Yes. Is it big? No, its small. Profession?
Conversation 1

13

Claudine Market researcher Claudine Market researcher Claudine Market researcher

Je suis fonctionnaire. Vous tes marie? Non, clibataire. Vous tes Dsole, je suis en retard. Au revoir! Au revoir.

Insight
In standard or formal French, there are two ways of formulating the question Are you ?: Etes-vous ? or Est-ce que vous tes ? In familiar French, however, people use the statement Vous tes You are , and simply raise their voice at the end to turn it into a question: Vous tes de Bordeaux? Are you from Bordeaux?

Conversation 2
PART 1: RESERVING A ROOM L CD1, TR12

Patrick Hotel manager Patrick Hotel manager Patrick Hotel manager Patrick Hotel manager Patrick Hotel manager Patrick Hotel manager

All! LHtel du Louvre? All, oui? Vous avez une chambre? Pour une personne? Oui, pour une personne. Pour quand? Pour le deux juillet. Pour une nuit? Non, pour neuf nuits. Oui, jai une chambre libre. Combien? Cent euros la nuit.

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Claudine Market researcher Claudine Market researcher Claudine Market researcher

Im a civil servant. Are you married? No, single. Are you Sorry, Im late. Goodbye! Goodbye.

Patrick Hotel manager Patrick Hotel manager Patrick Hotel manager Patrick Hotel manager Patrick Hotel manager Patrick Hotel manager

Hello. (Is this) the Hotel du Louvre? Hello, yes? Do you have a room? For one person? Yes, for one person. For when? For 2nd July. For one night? No, for nine nights. Yes, I have a room available. How much? One hundred euros a night.

Conversation 2

15

PART 2: BOOKING INTO A HOTEL L CD1, TR16

Hotel manager Patrick Hotel manager Patrick Hotel manager Patrick Hotel manager Patrick Hotel manager Patrick

Bonsoir, monsieur, vous dsirez? Bonsoir. Jai rserv une chambre. A quel nom? Monsieur Patrick Dumont. Une chambre pour une personne? Oui, pour une personne. Voil, la chambre six. Bon. Voil la cl. Merci. Au revoir.

Insight
In principle, the French equivalents of here is/here are or there is/there are, are voici and voil respectively. So, here is the key should be voici la cl, and there are the suitcases should be voil les valises. However, in spoken French, voil is used in both cases: voil la cl, voil les valises. Voil! on its own means: There you are! or Thats it!

Conversation 3
PART 1: COMPLAINING ABOUT A NOISY NEIGHBOUR L CD1, TR20

Patrick Hotel receptionist Patrick Hotel receptionist Patrick Hotel receptionist Patrick Hotel receptionist Patrick

Pardon, madame! Oui, bonjour, monsieur. Vous dsirez? Jai un petit problme. Quel problme? Jai mal dormi. Pourquoi? Le voisin a fait du bruit. Quand? Toute la nuit.

16

Hotel manager Patrick Hotel manager Patrick Hotel manager Patrick Hotel manager Patrick Hotel manager Patrick

Good evening, sir, what can I do for you? Good evening. I have reserved a room. In what name? Mr Patrick Dumont. For one person? (A single room?) Yes, for one person. Here (there) we are, room six. Good. Here is the key. Thank you. See you later.

Patrick Hotel receptionist Patrick Hotel receptionist Patrick Hotel receptionist Patrick Hotel receptionist Patrick

Excuse me, Madam! Yes, good morning, sir. What can I do for you? I have a little problem. What problem? I slept badly. Why? The neighbour made some noise. When? All night.
Conversation 3

17

Hotel receptionist Patrick Hotel receptionist Patrick

La chambre 4? Non, la 8! La 8? Il part aujourdhui. Dieu merci!

PART 2: ASKING FOR THINGS TO BE PUT RIGHT L CD1, TR24 All, oui? All, mademoiselle. Ici monsieur Dumont, chambre six. Hotel receptionist Bonjour. Vous dsirez? Patrick Jai un problme avec le lavabo. Hotel receptionist Quel problme? Patrick Il est bouch. Hotel receptionist Ne quittez pas. Jappelle le plombier. The hotel receptionist makes a call on the other line. Hotel receptionist All, Monsieur Dumont? Patrick Oui, jcoute. Hotel receptionist Le plombier arrive! Patrick Merci, mademoiselle. Au revoir.

Hotel receptionist Patrick

Insight
The subject pronoun je, I, contracts to j when the verb that follows begins with a vowel or with mute (or silent) h: je ai, I have, becomes jai, and je habite, I live/dwell, becomes jhabite. Note, however: je hais, I hate. Here, the h is said to be aspirated.

Conversation 4
PART 1: ASKING FOR DIRECTIONS L CD1, TR28

Patrick Pardon, monsieur lagent. Police officer Bonjour. Vous dsirez?

18

Hotel receptionist Patrick Hotel receptionist Patrick

Room 4? No, room 8. Room 8? Hes leaving today. Thank God! (or thank goodness!)

Hello, yes? Hello, Miss. This is Mr Dumont, room six. Hotel receptionist Good morning. What can I do for you? Patrick I have a problem with the washbasin. Hotel receptionist What problem? Patrick Its blocked. Hotel receptionist Stay on the line. Ill call the plumber. The hotel receptionist makes a call on the other line. Hotel receptionist Hello, Mr Dumont? Patrick Yes, Im listening. Hotel receptionist The plumber is on his way! Patrick Thank you, Miss. See you later.

Hotel receptionist Patrick

Patrick Excuse me, officer. Police officer Hello. What can I do for you?
Conversation 4

19

Patrick Police officer Patrick Police officer Patrick Police officer Patrick Police officer Patrick Police officer Patrick Police officer

La rue du Louvre, sil vous plat. Vous tes pied? Oui. Bon. Vous descendez jusquau premier carrefour. Oui. Et ensuite droite. A droite? Non, pardon, gauche. Et ensuite? Tout droit jusquau deuxime carrefour. Bon. Quand vous arrivez au carrefour, droite et vous tes rue du Louvre! Patrick Merci beaucoup, monsieur lagent. Police officer Au revoir et bonnes vacances! PART 2: ASKING HOW TO GET TO THE NEAREST CAR RENTAL OFFICE L CD1, TR32

Hotel receptionist Patrick Hotel receptionist Patrick Hotel receptionist Patrick Hotel receptionist Patrick Hotel receptionist Patrick Hotel receptionist Patrick Hotel receptionist

Bonjour, monsieur Dumont. Bonjour, mademoiselle. Vous avez une minute? Oui, bien sr! O est lHtel des Invalides, sil vous plat? Vous descendez la rue du Louvre. A gauche? Oui. Tout droit jusquau carrefour, et ensuite droite. Bon. Cest loin? Non, vingtvingt-cinq minutes! Trs bien. Cest pour lagence de location de voitures. Vous dsirez une voiture? Oui, pour quatre jours Merci beaucoup, mademoiselle! Au revoir!

20

Patrick Police officer Patrick Police officer Patrick Police officer Patrick Police officer Patrick Police officer Patrick Police officer

Where is Louvre Street, please? Are you on foot? Yes. Good. (You) go down to the rst crossroads. Yes. And then to the right. To the right? No, sorry, to the left. And then? Straight on to the second crossroads. Fine. When you arrive at the crossroads, turn right and you are in Louvre Street. Patrick Thank you very much, officer. Police officer Goodbye and (have a) nice holiday!

Hotel receptionist Patrick Hotel receptionist Patrick Hotel receptionist Patrick Hotel receptionist Patrick Hotel receptionist Patrick Hotel receptionist Patrick Hotel receptionist

Good morning, Mr Dumont. Good morning, Miss. Do you have a minute (to spare)? Yes, of course! Where is the Htel des Invalides, please? You go down Louvre Street. On the left? Yes. Straight down to the crossroads, and then on the right. Good. Is it far? No, 2025 minutes! Very good. Its for the car rental office. Do you want a car? Yes, for four days Thank you very much, Miss! See you later!

Conversation 4

21

Conversation 5
PART 1: GETTING IN TOUCH AGAIN L CD1, TR37

Patrick Claudine Patrick Claudine Patrick Claudine Patrick Claudine Patrick Claudine Patrick Claudine Patrick

All? Claudine Lestage? Cest moi! Qui est lappareil? Cest Patrick. Patrick qui? Patrick Dumont de Bordeaux. Quelle bonne surprise! a va? a va bien, et toi? Moi aussi! Tu es o en ce moment? A Paris, lHtel du Louvre. Excellent! Tu es libre demain matin? Oui, bien sr! Alors, demain matin, neuf heures lhtel! Daccord! A demain!

Insight
In polite French, if you wish to enquire about someones health, you will ask them: Est-ce que vous allez bien? (literally are you going well?). In slightly more familiar language, you may ask: Vous allez bien? (with rising voice). In very relaxed speech you can ask: a va? The answer may well be: Oui, a va (bien or trs bien)!

PART 2: MEETING AN OLD FRIEND FOR COFFEE L CD1, TR41

Claudine Patrick Claudine Patrick Waiter Patrick Waiter Patrick

Bonjour, Patrick! Bonjour! Tu dsires prendre quelque chose? Euh oui, un chocolat chaud. Monsieur! (Oui.) Bonjour messieurs-dames. Vous dsirez? Un chocolat chaud pour mademoiselle. Bien! Et pour vous? (Pour moi) Un petit noir (sil vous plat).

22

Patrick Claudine Patrick Claudine Patrick Claudine Patrick Claudine Patrick Claudine Patrick Claudine Patrick

Hello? Claudine Lestage? Its me. Who is it (speaking)? Its Patrick. Patrick who? Patrick Dumont from Bordeaux! What a nice surprise! How are you? (Im) ne, and you? Me too! Where are you at the moment? In Paris, at the Hotel du Louvre. Excellent! Are you free tomorrow morning? Yes, of course! Then, see you tomorrow morning, nine oclock at the hotel. OK/Agreed! See you tomorrow!

Claudine Patrick Claudine Patrick Waiter Patrick Waiter Patrick

Hello, Patrick! Good morning! Do you want anything to drink? Er yes, a hot chocolate. Waiter! (Yes.) Good morning sir, madam. What can I do for you? A hot chocolate for the young lady. Fine! And for you? (For me) A small black coffee (please).
Conversation 5

23

Waiter

Trs bien. Un moment! Voil: un chocolat et un petit noir! Merci. Cest combien? Dix euros. A la caisse, sil vous plat!

Waiter Patrick Waiter

Insight
In French you can either use the familiar form tu when talking to a close friend or family member, or the polite form vous when addressing a person you want to show respect to. Compare: vous tes mari(e)? are you married? (respectful) and tu es mari(e)? are you married? (familiar). The (e) indicates the feminine form. Note that vous can also refer to several people.

Conversation 6
PART 1: RENTING A CAR L CD2, TR2

Receptionist Patrick Receptionist Patrick Receptionist Patrick Receptionist Patrick Receptionist Patrick Receptionist Patrick Receptionist

Bonjour. Vous dsirez? Je voudrais louer une voiture. Quel type de voiture? Une Peugeot 206. Pour combien de jours? Trois: demain, vendredi et samedi. Pour quelle heure demain? Huit heures, si possible. Vous avez votre permis de conduire? Oui, voil! Excellent! Cent douze euros, tout compris! Voil ma carte didentit et ma carte de crdit. Merci. Vous signez ici, sil vous plat?

24

Waiter

Very good. One moment! Here you are: one chocolate and a small black coffee! Thank you. How much is it? Ten euros. (Pay) At the till, please!

Waiter Patrick Waiter

Receptionist Patrick Receptionist Patrick Receptionist Patrick Receptionist Patrick Receptionist Patrick Receptionist Patrick Receptionist

Hello/Good morning. What can I do for you? Id like to rent a car. What type of car? A Peugeot 206. For how many days? Three: tomorrow, Friday and Saturday. For what time tomorrow? Eight oclock, if possible. Do you have your driving licence? Yes, here it is! Excellent! 112 euros, everything included! Heres my identity card and my credit card. Thank you. Would you sign here, please?

Conversation 6

25

PART 2: BOOKING A TABLE IN A RESTAURANT L CD2, TR6

Patrick Manageress Patrick Manageress Patrick Manageress Patrick Manageress Patrick Manageress Patrick Manageress Patrick Manageress

All. Je voudrais rserver une table. Pour quand? (Pour) Mercredi soir. Le six? Dsole, cest complet! Et le sept? Pour combien de personnes? Trois personnes. Oui, cest possible. Fumeurs ou non-fumeurs? Non-fumeurs. Pour quelle heure? Vers huit heures. A quel nom? Monsieur Dumont. Voil, cest fait! A jeudi soir!

Insight
When you wish to enquire about identity, dates, duration or numbers involved, you can use the word pour (for) in expressions like: pour qui? for whom?, pour quand? when for?, pour quelle heure? for what time?, pour combien de jours? for how many days?, pour combien de personnes? for how many people?

Conversation 7
PART 1: BUYING A TICKET TO A THEME PARK L CD2, TR10

Ticket attendant Bienvenue Eurodisney. Vous dsirez? Patrick Un ticket dentre, sil vous plat. Ticket attendant Quelle sorte de ticket?

26

Patrick Manageress Patrick Manageress Patrick Manageress Patrick Manageress Patrick Manageress Patrick Manageress Patrick Manageress

Hello. Id like to book/reserve a table. For when? (For) Wednesday evening. The sixth? Sorry, its/were fully booked! And the seventh? For how many people? Three people. Yes, its possible. Smoking or non-smoking? Non-smoking. For what time? At about eight oclock. In what name? Mr Dumont. There you/we are, thats done! See you on Thursday evening!

Ticket attendant Welcome to Eurodisney. What can I do for you? Patrick An entrance ticket, please. Ticket attendant What sort of ticket?
Conversation 7

27

Patrick Ticket attendant Patrick Ticket attendant Patrick Ticket attendant Patrick Ticket attendant Patrick Ticket attendant

Pour la journe. Bon. Une entre pour un adulte. Merci. Cest combien? Quarante euros. Il y a des restrictions? Non, vous pouvez tout visiter. Parfait. Vous avez une carte du parc? Oui, bien sr. Elle est gratuite? Non, cest dix euros.

Insight
Because of the two-gender system of French nouns, certain words will have two forms: a/one will become un with a masculine noun and une with a feminine one: un ticket a/ one ticket, un adulte a/one male adult, but une entre an/one admission ticket, une carte a/one map. In the plural, des, some, will be used for both genders: des restrictions, restrictions.

PART 2: VISITING A MUSEUM L CD2, TR14

Patrick Receptionist Patrick Receptionist Patrick Receptionist Patrick Receptionist Patrick Receptionist Patrick Receptionist Patrick Receptionist Patrick

Mademoiselle, je voudrais un renseignement. Avec plaisir. Le Louvre ouvre quelle heure? De 9 heures 18 heures. Tous les jours? Oui, sauf le mardi. Et pour les billets? A lentre. Il y a beaucoup de monde? En t, oui. En hiver cest calme. Les billets dentre sont chers? a dpend. Il y a plusieurs sortes de billets. Vous avez les prix? Oui, voil. Merci bien.

28

Patrick Ticket attendant Patrick Ticket attendant Patrick Ticket attendant Patrick Ticket attendant Patrick Ticket attendant

For the (whole) day. Good. An admission ticket for one adult. Thank you. How much is it? Forty euros. Are there any restrictions? No, you can visit everything. Perfect. Do you have a map of the park? Yes, of course. Is it free? No, its ten euros.

Patrick Receptionist Patrick Receptionist Patrick Receptionist Patrick Receptionist Patrick Receptionist Patrick Receptionist Patrick Receptionist Patrick

Miss, Id like some information. With pleasure. What time does the Louvre open? From 9 a.m. till 6 p.m. Every day? Yes, except Tuesdays. And for (the) tickets? At the entrance. Are there a lot of people? In summer, yes. In winter, its quiet. Are the admission tickets expensive? It depends. There are several sorts of tickets. Do you have the prices? Yes, here you are. Thank you very much.
Conversation 7

29

Conversation 8
PART 1: ARRIVING AT A RESTAURANT AND ORDERING PRE-DINNER DRINKS L CD2, TR18

Patrick Manageress Patrick Manageress Patrick Manageress Patrick Manageress Claudine Patrick Claudine Patrick Daniel Patrick

Bonsoir, madame. On a rserv une table pour ce soir. A quel nom? Monsieur Dumont. Une seconde, je vrie Oui, trois personnes, nonfumeurs. Cest a. A la terrasse ou lintrieur? Euh, lintrieur. Il fait un peu froid ce soir. Dans ce cas, il faut attendre un moment. Pas de problme, on a le temps. On prend quelque chose en attendant? Pourquoi pas? Pour moi, un martini avec des glaons. Et pour toi, Daniel? Une bire pression. Monsieur! Un martini, une bire (pression) et un whisky, sil vous plat.

PART 2: ORDERING A MEAL L CD2, TR22

Manageress Patrick Manageress Patrick Claudine Patrick Daniel Patrick Manageress Patrick Manageress

Messieurs-dames, il y a une table libre. Parfait. Voil le menu et la carte des vins. Merci. On mange la carte? Non, je vais prendre le menu 25 euros. Et toi, Daniel? Moi aussi. Daccord. Madame! Oui? Trois menus 25 euros. Bien.

30

Patrick Manageress Patrick Manageress Patrick Manageress Patrick Manageress Claudine Patrick Claudine Patrick Daniel Patrick

Good evening, Madam. We have booked a table for this evening. In what name? Mr Dumont. One second, Ill check Yes, three people, nonsmokers. Thats it. On the terrace or inside? Er, inside. Its a little cold this evening. In that (this) case, youll have to wait a moment. No problem, weve got time! Shall we have something to drink while we wait? Why not? For me, a martini with (some) ice (cubes). And for you, Daniel? A draught beer. Waiter! One martini, one draught beer and a whisky, please!

Manageress Patrick Manageress Patrick Claudine Patrick Daniel Patrick Manageress Patrick Manageress

Ladies and gentlemen, there is a table available. Perfect. Here is the menu and the wine list. Thank you. Shall we eat la carte? No, Im going to take/have the menu at 25 euros. And you, Daniel? Me too. OK/agreed. Madam! Yes? Three menus at 25 euros. Fine.
Conversation 8

31

Patrick Manageress Patrick Manageress Patrick Claudine

Trois salades tides un steak garni pour monsieur. Et avec a? Deux conts de canard aux champignons. Et pour les boissons? Un moment, sil vous plat. Moi, je voudrais une carafe deau avec des glaons.

Insight
In familiar speech, instead of saying nous we before a verb, French people say: on (literally someone), followed by the third person singular of the verb. So, nous avons le temps, we have time, becomes: on a le temps, and nous prenons quelque chose, we have something to drink, becomes: on prend quelque chose.

Conversation 9
PART 1: GOING TO THE CHEMISTS L CD2, TR25

Pharmacist Patrick Pharmacist Patrick Pharmacist Patrick Pharmacist Patrick Pharmacist Patrick Pharmacist Patrick Pharmacist Patrick

Bonjour, monsieur. Vous dsirez? Quelque chose pour une migraine. Aspirine ou paractamol? Du paractamol, je suis allergique laspirine. Des comprims ou des glules? Des glules. Cest tout? Non, jai aussi mal la gorge. Cest probablement une allergie. Quest-ce que vous recommandez? Un spray nasal ou des comprims. Je vais prendre le spray. Voil. a fait combien en tout?

32

Patrick Manageress Patrick Manageress Patrick Claudine

Three warm salads a steak with chips and vegetables for the gentleman. And with that? Two conts of duck with mushrooms. And for drinks? One moment, please. Id like a jug of water with some ice (cubes).

Pharmacist Patrick Pharmacist Patrick Pharmacist Patrick Pharmacist Patrick Pharmacist Patrick Pharmacist Patrick Pharmacist Patrick

Good morning, sir. What can I do for you? Id like something for a headache. Aspirin or paracetamol? Some paracetamol, Im allergic to aspirin. Tablets or capsules? Capsules. Is that all? No, Ive also got a sore throat. Its probably an allergy. What do you recommend? A nasal spray or some tablets. Im going to take the spray. Here you are. How much is it altogether?
Conversation 9

33

Insight
To translate some in the singular, use du (masculine) or de la (feminine). However, if the next word begins with a vowel or a mute h, both become de l: some paracetamol is: du paractamol, some herbal tea is: de la tisane, but some aspirin (fem.) is: de laspirine. In the plural, des is used for both: des comprims, tablets (masc.), des allergies, allergies (fem.).

PART 2: SHOPPING L CD2, TR29

Patrick Shop assistant Patrick Shop assistant Patrick Shop assistant Patrick Shop assistant Patrick Shop assistant Patrick Shop assistant Patrick

Je voudrais une veste de sport. Oui, quelle taille? Quarante-huit ou cinquante. Voil une quarante-huit. Elle est beaucoup trop petite! Voil une cinquante-deux. Elle est trop grande! Alors, il faut une taille cinquante. Je vais essayer la veste verte. La veste verte vous va trs bien. Parfait, je vais la prendre. Et avec a? Je voudrais aussi une chemise et des cravates.

Conversation 10
PART 1: BOOKING A TRAIN TICKET L CD2, TR34

Patrick Ticket clerk Patrick Ticket clerk Patrick

Je voudrais une rservation TGV pour Bordeaux. Oui, pour quand? Demain aprs-midi. Premire classe? Non, deuxime.

34

Patrick Shop assistant Patrick Shop assistant Patrick Shop assistant Patrick Shop assistant Patrick Shop assistant Patrick Shop assistant Patrick

Id like a sports jacket. Yes, what size? Forty-eight or 50. Here is a 48. Its far too small! Here is a 52. Its too big! In that case, you need a size 50. Im going to try the green jacket. The green jacket suits you very well. Perfect, Ill take it. Anything else? I would also like a shirt and some ties.

Patrick Ticket clerk Patrick Ticket clerk Patrick

Id like a high-speed train reservation to/for Bordeaux. Yes, for when? Tomorrow afternoon. First class? No, second.
Conversation 10

35

Ticket clerk Patrick Ticket clerk Patrick Ticket clerk Patrick Ticket clerk Patrick Ticket clerk Patrick

Un aller-retour? Non, un aller simple. Et pour combien de personnes? Une. Il y en a un quatorze heures Non, il est complet. Le suivant est quelle heure? Quatorze heures quarante. Il y a encore des places libres? Oui. Arrive dix-huit heures. Excellent. a fait combien?

PART 2: BOOKING A TAXI L CD2, TR38

Hotel receptionist Patrick Hotel receptionist Patrick Hotel receptionist Patrick Hotel receptionist Taxi receptionist Hotel receptionist Taxi receptionist Hotel receptionist Taxi receptionist Hotel receptionist Taxi receptionist Hotel receptionist

Alors, les vacances sont nies? Oui, je voudrais commander un taxi. Certainement. Pour quand? Demain aprs-midi. Pour quelle heure? Treize heures. a va? Attendez une seconde All? All, Paris Taxis, jcoute. Ici lHtel du Louvre. Vous dsirez? Je voudrais un taxi pour demain. Pour quelle heure? Treize heures. Une seule personne. Daccord. Cest not, merci! Voil, cest fait!

Insight
To soften a demand into a polite request, the French tend to use a tense called the conditional. Instead of saying: je veux, Iwant, they say: je voudrais, je dsirerais, jaimerais, I would like or je serais content(e) de I would be pleased to

36

Ticket clerk Patrick Ticket clerk Patrick Ticket clerk Patrick Ticket clerk Patrick Ticket clerk Patrick

A return? No, a single. And for how many people? One. Theres one at 14.00 hours No, its full. What time is the next one? 14.40. Are there still seats available? Yes. Arrival 18.00 (hours). Excellent. How much is it?

Hotel receptionist Patrick Hotel receptionist Patrick Hotel receptionist Patrick Hotel receptionist Taxi receptionist Hotel receptionist Taxi receptionist Hotel receptionist Taxi receptionist Hotel receptionist Taxi receptionist Hotel receptionist

So, is the holiday over? Yes. Id like to order a taxi. Certainly. For when? Tomorrow afternoon. For what time? 13.00 hours/1 p.m. Is that OK? Wait a second Hello? Hello, Paris Taxis, Im listening! This is the Hotel du Louvre. What can I do for you? Id like a taxi for tomorrow. For what time? 13.00 hours/1 p.m. One person only. OK. Its noted, thank you! There we are, thats done!

Conversation 10

37

Conversation 3/1: Making a telephone reservation


L CD3, TR2

Claudine Manager Claudine Manager Claudine Manager Claudine Manager Claudine Manager Claudine Manager Claudine Manager Claudine Manager Claudine Manager Claudine

All? Lhtel Montaigne? All, oui? Je voudrais rserver une chambre. Pour quelle date? Du premier au 15 octobre. Avec salle de bains prive? Douche? WC? Avec salle de bains prive. Pour une personne? Non, deux. Un moment je vous prie Oui, jai une chambre libre. Elle cote combien? Soixante euros par nuit. Le petit djeuner est compris? Non, le petit djeuner est en supplment: six euros par personne. Cest bon, je la prends. La rservation est quel nom? Claudine Lestage. Bien. Vous pouvez conrmer par lettre? Certainement. A bientt!

Conversation 3/2: In the hotel lobby


L CD3, TR3

Claudine Manager Claudine Manager Claudine

Bonsoir, monsieur. Bonsoir, messieurs-dames. Bienvenue lhtel Montaigne. Vous dsirez? Nous avons rserv une chambre. A quel nom? Claudine Lestage. Jai conrm par lettre il y a une semaine.

38

Claudine Manager Claudine Manager Claudine Manager Claudine Manager Claudine Manager Claudine Manager Claudine Manager Claudine Manager Claudine Manager Claudine

Hello? Is this the hotel Montaigne? Hello, yes? I would like to book a room. For what date? From the 1st to the 15th of October. With en suite bathroom? Shower? Toilet? With en suite bathroom. For one person? No, two. One moment please Yes, I have a room available. How much does it cost? Sixty euros per night. Is breakfast included? No, breakfast is extra: six euros per person. Thats ne, Ill take it. The reservation is in what name? Claudine Lestage. Good. Can you conrm by letter? Certainly. See you soon!

Claudine Manager Claudine Manager Claudine

Good evening, sir. Good evening sir, madam. Welcome to the hotel Montaigne. What can I do for you? We have reserved a room. In what name? Claudine Lestage. I conrmed by letter a week ago.
Conversation 3/2: In the hotel lobby

39

Manager

Claudine Manager Claudine Manager Daniel Manager Daniel Manager Daniel Manager Daniel

Une seconde. Je consulte le registre. Hm Ah oui, voil! Une chambre pour deux personnes, avec salle de bains prive. Oui, cest bien a. Jusquau 15 octobre. Cest correct. A quel tage est notre chambre? Au troisime, chambre 329 (trois cent vingt-neuf). Voil votre cl. Merci. Il y a un restaurant dans lhtel? Oui, le dner est servi entre dix-neuf heures et vingt et une heure trente. O est la salle du restaurant? L-bas, au fond du hall gauche. Et lascenseur? L, droite. Bien, merci. A tout lheure!

Conversation 3/3: In the restaurant


L CD3, TR4

Waitress Claudine Waitress Claudine Waitress Claudine Waitress Daniel Claudine Waitress Claudine Daniel Claudine Waitress

Bonsoir, messieurs-dames. Une table pour deux personnes? Euh, oui. Ici, ou l? L-bas, dans le coin. Cest plus calme. Bien, suivez-moi Voil. Merci. Et le numro de votre chambre? Dsol Jai oubli! Cest la 329 (trois cent vingt-neuf). Vous allez prendre un petit apritif? Pourquoi pas? Quest-ce que tu veux, Daniel? Mm Je vais prendre un kir. Bonne ide! Moi aussi. Bon, alors deux kirs Et voil le menu.

40

Manager

Claudine Manager Claudine Manager Daniel Manager Daniel Manager Daniel Manager Daniel

One moment, Ill have a look at the register. Hm Ah yes, here we are! One double room with en suite bathroom. Yes, thats right. Until the fteenth of October. Thats correct. Our room is on which oor? On the third. Room number 329. Here is your key. Thank you. Is there a restaurant in the hotel? Yes, dinner is served between 7 p.m. and 9.30 p.m. Where is the restaurant? Over there, at the far end of the lobby on the left. And the lift? There, on the right. Good, thank you. See you later!

Waitress Claudine Waitress Claudine Waitress Claudine Waitress Daniel Claudine Waitress Claudine Daniel Claudine Waitress

Good evening, sir, madam. A table for two? Er, yes. Here, or there? Over there, in the corner. Its quieter. Fine, follow me Here we are. Thank you. And what is your room number? Sorry I have forgotten! Its room 329. Are you going to have a little aperitif? Why not! What would you like, Daniel? Mm Im going to have a kir. Good idea! Me too. Fine, so, two kirs And here is the menu.
Conversation 3/3: In the restaurant

41

Daniel Claudine Waitress Daniel Waitress Daniel Claudine Daniel Claudine Daniel Claudine Daniel

Parfait, merci Tu as prvenu Patrick? Bien sr! Il vient ici demain matin, avant daller au travail. Voil: deux kirs Vous avez choisi? Non, pas encore. Prenez votre temps. On va prendre quel menu? On va choisir des plats de la rgion. Daccord? Excellente ide Tu as choisi? Oui, et toi? Moi aussi Et comme boisson? Du bordeaux, bien sr! Cest logique! ... Mademoiselle!

Conversation 3/4: An attempted robbery


L CD3, TR5

Policeman Claudine Policeman Daniel Policeman Daniel Policeman Claudine Policeman Daniel Policeman Claudine Policeman Claudine Policeman Daniel Policeman Claudine

Vous avez vu lincident? Oui ... On tait l On vous a tlphon. Cest arriv quand? Il y a environ cinq minutes. Vous avez vu lagresseur? Oui et non Il fait sombre dans cette rue. Vous pouvez me donner une description? ... Son ge? Dix-huit, vingt ans peu prs. Taille? Moyenne un mtre soixante-dix. Corpulence? Mince. Et ses vtements? Des jeans un pullover sombre euh, une casquette. Vous avez vu son visage? Non, dsol. Tout a t trs rapide. Ah, cest bien dommage! Vous habitez Bordeaux? Non, on est en vacances pour quelques jours, dans un htel.

42

Daniel Claudine Waitress Daniel Waitress Daniel Claudine Daniel Claudine Daniel Claudine Daniel

Great, thank you Have you spoken to Patrick? Of course! Hes coming here tomorrow morning, before going to work. Here we are: two kirs Have you made your choice? No, not yet. Take your time. Which menu are we going to choose? Were going to choose dishes from the area. Do you agree? An excellent idea! ... Have you made your choice? Yes, and you? Me too ... And to drink? Some Bordeaux, of course! Thats logical! ... Miss!

Policeman Claudine Policeman Daniel Policeman Daniel Policeman Claudine Policeman Daniel Policeman Claudine Policeman Claudine Policeman Daniel Policeman Claudine

Did you see the incident? Yes We were here We telephoned you. When did it happen? About ve minutes ago. Did you see the attacker? Yes and no Its dark in this street. Can you give me a description? ... His age? Eighteen or twenty, approximately. Height? Average one metre 70 (ve foot eight). Size? Slim. And (what about) his clothes? Jeans a dark jumper er, a cap. Did you see his face? No, sorry. It all happened very quickly. Ah, thats a great shame! ... Do you live in Bordeaux? No, we are on holiday in a hotel, for a few days.
Conversation 3/4: An attempted robbery

43

Policeman Bon, alors donnez-moi vos noms et ladresse de Claudine


votre htel. Daccord.

Conversation 3/5: Giving directions


L CD3, TR6

Passer-by Claudine Passer-by Claudine Passer-by Claudine Passer-by Claudine Passer-by Claudine Passer-by Claudine Passer-by Claudine Passer-by Claudine Passer-by Claudine

Pardon, mademoiselle, la place Stalingrad sil vous plat? Vous tes en voiture? Euh, non, pied. Pourquoi? Mmm. Cest assez loin: une bonne demi-heure. Oh, pas de problme, je suis en vacances. Bon! Ici, nous sommes sur le Cours Pasteur. Oui. Descendez tout droit jusquaux feux. Daccord. Aux feux, tournez droite sur le Cours Victor Hugo. Je vois. Continuez jusqu la place Bir Hakeim. Pff, cest compliqu! Non, pas du tout! En face de vous, vous allez voir le Pontde Pierre. Et ensuite? Traversez le pont, et vous tes sur la place Stalingrad! Merci, mademoiselle. De rien!

44

Policeman Well, in that case, give me your names and the address Claudine
of your hotel. OK.

Passer-by Claudine Passer-by Claudine Passer-by Claudine Passer-by Claudine Passer-by Claudine Passer-by Claudine Passer-by Claudine Passer-by Claudine Passer-by Claudine

Excuse me, Miss, (can you direct me to) Stalingrad Square, please? Are you travelling by car? Er, no, on foot. Why? Mmm. Its quite far: a good half-hour. Oh, no problem. Im on holiday. Good! Here, we are on the Cours Pasteur. Yes. Carry on straight down to the traffic lights. OK. At the lights, turn right onto the Cours Victor Hugo. I see. Carry on until you get to Bir Hakeim Square. Pff, its complicated! No, not at all! In front of you, you will see the StoneBridge. And then? Cross the bridge, and you will be in Stalingrad Square! Thank you, Miss. Dont mention it!

Conversation 3/5: Giving directions

45

Conversation 3/6: Patricks ying visit


L CD3, TR7

Patrick Claudine Patrick Daniel Patrick Claudine Patrick Daniel Patrick Daniel Claudine Patrick Daniel Patrick Daniel Patrick Claudine Patrick Daniel Patrick Claudine Patrick Daniel

Bonjour! Vous avez fait bon voyage? Excellent, merci. Vous tes arrivs quand? Hier soir, sept heures. Quest-ce que vous allez faire aujourdhui? On va visiter Bordeaux. Vous venez manger la maison demain soir? Avec plaisir! Bien. Euh, vous avez des plans pour la semaine? On veut visiter quelques chteaux de la rgion. Malheureusement, on est venus en TGV. Ah, dommage. Mais, attendez! Vous avez votre permis de conduire? Oui, bien sr. Ah, dans ce cas, je vous prte ma voiture. Cest trs gentil, mais lassurance? Jai une assurance tous risques. Et toi? Tu vas aller au bureau pied? Non! Je vais prendre le bus, comme dhabitude. Tu travailles aujourdhui? Eh oui, malheureusement Bon, je vous laisse. On se voit ce soir? Oui. Je vous tlphone vers sept heures? Daccord. Bonne journe!

46

Patrick Claudine Patrick Daniel Patrick Claudine Patrick Daniel Patrick Daniel Claudine Patrick Daniel Patrick Daniel Patrick Claudine Patrick Daniel Patrick Claudine Patrick Daniel

Good morning! Did you have a nice journey? Excellent, thank you. When did you arrive? Yesterday evening, at seven. What are you going to do today? Were going to visit Bordeaux. Will you come to my house for dinner tomorrow evening? With pleasure! Good. Er, do you have any plans for the week? We want to visit a few chateaux in the area. Unfortunately, we came by TGV. Oh, what a pity. But, wait a minute! Do you have your driving licence? Yes, of course. Oh, in that case, Ill lend you my car. Thats very kind, but what about insurance? I have a fully comprehensive insurance policy. And what about you? Are you going to go to work on foot? No, Ill take the bus, as usual. Are you working today? Yes, unfortunately Well, Ill leave you for now. Shall we meet tonight? Yes. I will give you a ring around seven? OK. Have a good day!

Conversation 3/6: Patricks ying visit

47

Conversation 3/7: Dinner at Patricks


L CD3, TR8

Patrick Claudine Patrick Claudine Patrick Claudine Patrick Claudine Patrick Claudine Patrick Claudine Patrick Claudine Patrick Claudine Daniel Patrick Daniel Patrick Claudine Patrick Claudine Patrick Daniel Patrick Claudine Patrick Claudine

Bonsoir! Entrez! Euh, vous avez trouv facilement? Bonsoir! Oui, ton plan est excellent, et ta maison est superbe. Pas mal, et elle est dans un quartier calme. Tu tu es locataire? Non, propritaire. Je lai achete il y a cinq ans. Elle est grande? Oh, assez pour moi: une cuisine, un salon, une salle manger, trois chambres, un garage, et un petit jardin. Tu aimes jardiner? H! H! H! Non, pas vraiment. Passons au salon Installez- vous! Merci. Vous allez prendre un petit quelque chose avant de manger? Ah, volontiers. Une bire et un martini? H! H! Oui. Tu as bonne mmoire. Oui! Voil! Et une bire pour moi. Tchin-tchin! Sant! Alors, vous repartez quand? Dimanche matin. On reprend le travail lundi. Vous allez visiter quelques chteaux? Oh, deux ou trois seulement ... Au fait, merci pour loffre de ta voiture. Ah, de rien. Vous pouvez la prendre ce soir si vous voulez! Cest trs gentil de ta part. Bah, cest un plaisir! Vous avez ni votre apro? Oui, a y est. Bon, alors on va passer table! Bravo! Jai une faim de loup! Oh, jai fait un repas trs simple, hein? Tu es toujours aussi modeste!

48

Patrick Claudine Patrick Claudine Patrick Claudine Patrick Claudine Patrick Claudine Patrick Claudine Patrick Claudine Patrick Claudine Daniel Patrick Daniel Patrick Claudine Patrick Claudine Patrick Daniel Patrick Claudine Patrick Claudine

Good evening! Come in! Er, did you nd the house easily? Good evening! Yes, your plan is excellent, and your house is superb. Not bad, and it is in a quiet area. Are you a tenant? No, Im the owner. I bought it ve years ago. Is it big? Oh, big enough for me: kitchen, lounge, dining room, three bedrooms, garage and a small garden. Do you like gardening? Ha! Ha! Ha! No, not really. Lets go into the lounge. Make yourselves comfortable. Thank you. Will you have a little drink before dinner? Oh, with pleasure. A beer and a martini? Ha! Ha! Yes. You have a good memory. Yes There you are And a beer for me. Cheers! Your health! So, when are you going back? Sunday morning. We are back to work on Monday. Are you going to visit a few chateaux? Just two or three. By the way, thanks for the offer of your car. Oh, dont mention it. You can take it tonight if you like. Thats very kind of you. Well, its a pleasure. Have you nished your drink? Yes, thats it. Good. So, well go and sit down at the table? Hear! Hear! I am ravenous! Oh, Ive made a very simple meal, you know? Modest as ever!
Conversation 3/7: Dinner at Patricks

49

Conversation 3/8: A wine tasting session


L CD3, TR9

Owner Claudine Owner Claudine! Owner Daniel Owner Claudine Owner Claudine Owner Claudine Owner Daniel Claudine Owner Claudine Owner Daniel Owner Claudine Daniel Owner Claudine Owner Claudine Owner

Bienvenue au chteau! Bonjour! La cave est ouverte? Ah bien sr. Vous voulez faire une visite ou une dgustation? Oh, une dgustation. Avec plaisir. Vous tes de Bordeaux? Non, nous sommes en vacances. Ah. Vous avez de la chance! Oui, il fait trs beau aujourdhui. Oh, il a fait beau tout lt. Alors, la rcolte va tre bonne cette anne. Ah, jespre. Alors, quest-ce que vous dsirez goter? Euh Un Sauternes 98 (quatre-vingt-dix-huit). Oui. Je vais le chercher. Il est au frais Voil. Mmm! Je le trouve excellent. Et toi, Claudine? Pas mauvais du tout! Ah! Avec le foie gras et les desserts, il est parfait. On peut goter le 2002 (deux mille deux)? Oui, cest une trs bonne anne ... Voil! Mmm! Il est excellent aussi. Oui, mais il est encore un peu jeune. Personnellement, je prfre le 98. Et toi, Daniel? Mmm Moi aussi, mais il ny a pas beaucoup de diffrence! Ah, ils sont trs bons tous les deux, mais le 98 est le plus populaire. Dans ce cas, on va en prendre six bouteilles. Ah, cest un trs bon choix. Vous acceptez les paiements par carte? Bien sr! Je vais chercher un carton de 98.

50

Owner Claudine Owner Claudine! Owner Daniel Owner Claudine Owner Claudine Owner Claudine Owner Daniel Claudine Owner Claudine Owner Daniel Owner Claudine Daniel Owner Claudine Owner Claudine Owner

Welcome to the chateau! Hello! Is the cellar open? Well of course. Do you want a visit or a tasting session? Oh, a tasting session. With pleasure. Are you from Bordeaux? No, we are on holiday. Ah, lucky you! Yes, the weather is ne today. The weather has been ne all summer. So, the harvest is going to be good this year. Oh, I hope so. Well then, what do you want to taste? Er a Sauternes 1998. Yes. Ill go and fetch it. Its in the chiller Here you are! Mmm! I think its excellent. What about you, Claudine? Not bad at all! Oh! With goose liver and dessert, its perfect. Can we try the 2002? Yes, its a very good year. Here you are! Mmm! Its excellent as well. Yes, but its still a bit young. Personally, I prefer the 98. What about you Daniel? Mmm So do I, but there isnt a lot of difference (between the two)! Oh, they are both very good, but the 98 is more popular. In that case, we will take six bottles of it. Oh, its a very good choice. Do you accept payment by card? Of course! Ill go and fetch a case of 98.

Conversation 3/8: A wine tasting session

51

Conversation 3/9: At the ea market


L CD3, TR10

Stall holder Claudine Stall holder Claudine Stall holder Claudine Stall holder Claudine Stall holder Claudine Daniel Claudine Daniel Claudine Daniel Claudine Daniel Stall holder Daniel Stall holder Claudine Stall holder Claudine Stall holder Claudine Stall holder

Messieurs-dames! Bonjour. On peut jeter un coup dil? Bien sr. On est l pour a. Merci. Vous cherchez quelque chose de prcis? Non, quelques petits cadeaux pour Nol. Nol? Vous tes un peu en avance! Oui, mais on est en vacances ici, alors Je vois. Eh bien allez-y, jetez un coup dil, cest gratuit. Oh! Regarde ce petit mdaillon. Il est trs joli. Euh Oui. Pour qui? Pour ma mre. Cest vrai, elle adore ce type de chose. Et ce collier ancien pour ma sur. Bonne ide Regarde ces bagues! Elles tintressent? Oui, elles sont superbes. Je ten offre une, si tu veux. Cest une demande en mariage? Cest bien possible! Dans ce cas, flicitations! Attendez! Je nai pas dit oui! Ecoutez: si vous prenez le mdaillon, le collier et labague, je peux vous faire un prix! (Laughing) Ah oui? Combien? Une seconde a fait 130 (cent trente) euros pourles trois articles. Hum! Cest un peu cher! Attendez une minute On peut discuter.

52

Stall holder Claudine Stall holder Claudine Stall holder Claudine Stall holder Claudine Stall holder Claudine Daniel Claudine Daniel Claudine Daniel Claudine Daniel Stall holder Daniel Stall holder Claudine Stall holder Claudine Stall holder Claudine Stall holder

Hello sir, madam! Hello. Can we have a look? Of course. Thats what we are here for. Thank you. Are you looking for something specic? No, a few small presents for Christmas. Christmas? Youre a bit early! Yes, but we are on holiday here, so I see. Well then, go on and have a look, its free. Oh! Look at this little locket. Its very pretty. Er Yes. For whom? For my mother. Thats true, she adores this type of thing. And this antique necklace for my sister. Good idea ... Look at those rings! Do they appeal to you? Yes, they are superb. Ill buy you one as a present, if you like. Is it a marriage proposal? Its quite possible! In this case, congratulations! Wait! I havent said yes! Listen, if you take the locket, the necklace and thering, I can do you a good price! (Laughing) Oh yes? How much? One moment That will be 130 euros for the threeitems. Hm! Thats a little expensive! Just a moment We can discuss it.

Conversation 3/9: At the ea market

53

Conversation 3/10: Departure for Paris


L CD3, TR11

Daniel Claudine

Et voil! Les vacances sont termines! Oui, malheureusement. On reprend le boulot demain. Patrick Vous navez pas oubli les cadeaux et le vin, jespre. Claudine Non, les cadeaux sont dans ma valise, et le vin O est le vin? Daniel Oh mince! Jai laiss le vin dans ta voiture, Patrick! Patrick Je vais le chercher. Claudine Bon, en attendant, regardons les dparts. Quel est le numro de notre TGV? Daniel Cest le 8441 (huit mille quatre cent quarante et un). Claudine Quel quai? Daniel Quai numro seize. Claudine A quelle heure? Daniel Douze heures cinquante-quatre. Claudine On a encore quelques minutes avant le dpart. Daniel Ah! Voil Patrick! Patrick Ouf! Voil votre Sauternes! Daniel Merci. Bon, on y va? Announcement Le TGV huit mille quatre cent quarante et un, destination de Paris-Montparnasse, dpart douze heures cinquante-quatre, quai numro seize. Claudine Cest notre train. Allons-y! Patrick Alors, bon voyage, et envoyez-moi un petit email de temps en temps. Claudine Daccord. Et merci de ta gentillesse. Daniel Et de ta voiture. Patrick Oui, oui. Dpchez-vous, vous allez rater votre train. Claudine A bientt, jespre. Announcement Le TGV huit mille quatre cent quarante et un, destination de Paris-Montparnasse, dpart douze heures cinquante-quatre, quai numro seize, attention au dpart.

54

Daniel Claudine

Thats it! The holiday is over! Yes, unfortunately. We are back to work tomorrow. Patrick You havent forgotten the presents and the wine, I hope. Claudine No, the presents are in my suitcase, and the wine Where is the wine? Daniel Oh, bother! I left the wine in your car, Patrick! Patrick Ill go and fetch it. Claudine Good, in the meantime, lets look at the departures. What is our TGVs number? Daniel Its the 8441. Claudine Which platform? Daniel Platform 16. Claudine Departure time? Daniel Twelve fty-four. Claudine We still have a few minutes before departure. Daniel Ah! Here is Patrick! Patrick Phew! Here is your Sauternes! Daniel Thank you. Well, shall we get a move on? Announcement The TGV number 8441 to Paris-Montparnasse, departure 12.54, platform 16. Claudine Thats our train. Lets go! Patrick Well, have a good journey, and send me a little email from time to time. Claudine OK. And thank you for your kindness. Daniel And for your car. Patrick Yes, yes. Hurry up or you are going to miss your train. Claudine See you soon, I hope. Announcement The TGV number 8441 to Paris-Montparnasse, departure 12.54, platform 16, is now leaving.

Conversation 3/10: Departure for Paris

55

Listening skills: Survival phrases


are you French (to a man)? are you French (to a woman)? can you write it down, please? do you have a map? do you speak English? excuse me (polite form) how much is it? I do apologize! I have a problem I misunderstood Id like some information Im not sure is it far? is it free (unoccupied)? is it free (not paying)? is it true? is that right/correct? its false my French is not very good. once more/once again! one moment! see you later sorry thank you very much too late! understood! what a shame! what can I do for you? vous tes franais? vous tes franaise? vous pouvez lcrire, sil vous plat? vous avez une carte? vous parlez anglais? excusez-moi cest combien? je mexcuse! jai un problme jai mal compris je voudrais un renseignement je ne suis pas sr(e) cest loin? cest libre? cest gratuit? cest vrai? cest correct? cest faux mon franais nest pas trs bon encore une fois! un moment! au revoir dsol(e) merci beaucoup/merci bien trop tard! compris! quel dommage! vous dsirez?

56

FrenchEnglish glossary
(m) indicates masculine (f) indicates feminine (p) indicates plural
in; at/to; until; quel nom? in what name?; la gare at/to the station; jeudi soir see you on Thursday evening accepter accept accord: daccord agreed. OK acheter buy adorer adore adresse (f) address adulte (m) adult ge: quel ge? what age? agence (f): agence de location de voitures car rental office; agence de voyages travel agents agent (m) (de police) policeman agresseur (m) attacker aller go; suit; on y va? shall we go?; a vous va trs bien it suits you aller (m) simple single fare allergie (f) allergy allergique allergic; je suis allergique laspirine Im allergic to aspirin aller: aller (m) simple single fare; aller-retour return fare all hello (on the phone) allons-y! lets go! alors then; so ancien(ne) old anne (f) year; cette anne this year apro (m) aperitif appartement (m) apartment appeler call, phone; jappelle le plombier Ill call the plumber aprs after aprs-midi (m) afternoon architecte (m/f) architect arrive (f) arrival arriver arrive; happen; il arrive he is on his way; cest arriv quand? when did it happen? ascenseur (m) lift, elevator assez enough; assez grand(e) big enough en attendant while we wait assurance (f) insurance; assurance tous risques comprehensive insurance attendre wait; attendez une seconde wait a second/moment; en attendant while we wait attention beware aujourdhui today; in this day and age aussi also, too; moi aussi me too avance: en avance early avant before; avant daller au travail before going to work; avant de manger before eating avec with; avec plaisir with pleasure; avec a with that avoir have; vous avez ...? do you have ...? avril (m) April bague (f) ring banlieue (f) suburbs beau (belle) beautiful, lovely; il fait trs beau its lovely weather beaucoup a lot; much; many; beaucoup de monde lots of people bien well; bien sr of course bientt: bientt see you soon

FrenchEnglish glossary

57

bienvenue welcome; bienvenue Eurodisney welcome to Eurodisney bire (f) beer; bire pression draught beer billet (m) ticket; (bank) note; billet de train/ davion train/plane ticket; un billet de 50 euros a 50-euro note blanc(he) white bon(ne) good; cest bon thats ne; bonne ide! thats a good idea! bonjour hello, good day bonsoir good evening bouch(e) blocked boulot (m fam.) work; reprendre le boulot to go back to work bouteille (f) bottle bruit (m) noise; faire du bruit to make a noise bureau (m) office a: cest a thats it, thats right; a va Im ne; a va? how are you? cadeau (m) present, gift caf (m) coffee; caf calme quiet carafe(f) jug carafe deau jug of water carrefour (m) crossroads carte (f) map; plan; card; carte didentit identity card; carte de crdit credit card; carte des vins wine list carton (m) box cas: dans ce cas in that case casquette (f) cap cave (f) (wine) cellar clibataire single centre (m) centre cest it is; this is; that is certainement certainly chambre (f) bedroom champignons (mpl) mushrooms chance luck; vous avez de la chance! youre lucky!

chaud(e) hot chemise (f) shirt cher (chre) dear/expensive chercher fetch chocolat (m) chocolate; chocolat chaud hot chocolate choisir choose choix (m) choice; cest un trs bon choix its a very good choice chose (f) thing classe (f) class; premire/deuxime classe rst/ second class coin (m) corner collier (m) necklace combien how much; how many; cest combien? how much is it?; a fait combien en tout? how much is that altogether?; combien de personnes? how many people? commander book, order; commander un taxi book a taxi complet (complte) full compliqu(e) complicated comprim (m) tablet conrmer conrm cont (m) de canard aux champignons cont of duck with mushrooms consulter consult corpulence (f) build (of person) coup dil (m): on peut jeter un coup dil? can we have a look? coter cost; Il/elle cote combien? how much does it cost? cravate (f) tie cuisine (f) kitchen dans in; dans ce cas in that case date (f) date de from, of; de from to dgustation (f) (de vin) (wine) tasting demain tomorrow; demain matin/soir tomorrow morning/evening

58

demande (f) request; demande en mariage marriage proposal dpart (m) departure dpcher: se dpcher hurry dpendre depend; a dpend that/it depends descendre go/come down description (f) description dsirer want; vous dsirez? what can I do for you? what would you like? dsol(e) sorry dessert (m) dessert, sweet, pudding destination (f) destination deuxime second; deuxime classe second class Dieu merci thank goodness diffrence (f) difference; il ny a pas beaucoup de diffrence there isnt a lot of difference dner (m) dinner discuter discuss dommage: cest (bien) dommage thats a (great) pity donner give dormir sleep; jai mal dormi I slept badly douche (f) shower droit: tout droit straight ahead droite right; droite on/to the right eau (f) water couter listen en in; of it/them; while; en attendant while were waiting encore still, again; pas encore not yet ensuite then entre between entre (f) entrance, entry; entrance ticket; entrer come/go in environ about envoyer send esprer hope; jespre I hope so essayer try

estomac (m) stomach et and t (m) summer; en t in summer tage (m) oor; quel tage? on what oor? tre be; vous tes ...? are you ...? euro (m) euro excellent(e) excellent excusez-moi excuse me, sorry face: en face de opposite facile easy facilement easily faire do; make; cest fait its done; il fait froid/chaud its cold/hot fait: au fait by the way faut: il faut you need; it is necessary; il faut attendre you have to wait flicitations (f) congratulations feux (mpl) traffic lights nir nish fonctionnaire (m/f) civil servant fond (m) end; bottom; au fond du hall at the far end of the lobby foie gras (m) duck or goose liver frais (frache) cool; au frais in a cool place froid(e) cold fumeurs (mpl) smokers gare (f) station gauche: gauche on the left glule (f) capsule gentil(le) kind; cest trs gentil (de ta part) thats very kind (of you) gentillesse (f) kindness gorge (f) throat grand(e) big gratuit(e) free (no charge) goter taste habiter live; habiter Paris to live in Paris habitude (f) habit; comme dhabitude as usual

FrenchEnglish glossary

59

heure (f) hour, oclock; pour quelle heure demain? for what time tomorrow?; deux heures at two oclock; une demi-heure half an hour hier yesterday; hier matin/soir yesterday morning/evening hiver (m) winter; en hiver in winter htel (m) hotel ici here; ici Monsieur Dumont this is Mr Dumont il y a there is/are; ago; il y a cinq minutes ve minutes ago incident (m) incident intrieur (m): lintrieur inside jardin (m) garden jardiner garden, do gardening joli(e) pretty jour (m) day; tous les jours every day journe (f): bonne journe have a nice day jusqu until, up to; as far as kir (m) aperitif made with blackcurrant liqueur and white wine la (f) the l there; l-bas over there laisser leave; je vous laisse Ill leave you now lavabo (m) wash basin le (m) the les (m/f) the lettre (f) letter locataire (m) tenant; tu es locataire? are you renting (your apartment)? logique logical loin: cest loin? Is it far? louer rent/hire; je voudrais louer I would like to rent/hire madame madam mademoiselle miss maison (f) house; la maison at home, at my/ our house

mal bad; badly; jai mal la gorge I have a sore throat; vous avez mal? do you have a pain? malheureusement unfortunately manger eat; on mange la carte? shall we eat la carte? march (m) market; march aux puces ea market mari(e) married matin (m) morning mauvais(e) bad; pas mauvais du tout not bad at all mdaillon (m) locket menu (m) menu merci thank you; merci beaucoup, merci bien thank you very much mre (f) mother messieurs-dames ladies and gentlemen migraine (f) headache mince thin; mince! bother! minute (f) minute; quelques minutes a few minutes modeste modest moi me; moi aussi me too moment (m) moment; un moment! just a moment! monsieur sir, Mr; gentleman moyen(ne) medium/average muse (m) museum Nol (m) Christmas nom (m) name; quel nom? in what name? non no non-fumeurs (mpl) non-smokers noter note; cest not its noted nuit (f) night; pour neuf nuits for nine nights; toute la nuit all night numro (m) number office de tourisme (m) tourist office offrir give (as a present); cest pour offrir? is it a gift?

60

on we ou or o where; o tu es? where are you? oublier forget; jai oubli Ive forgotten ouf! phew! oui yes ouvert(e) open ouvrir open; le Louvre ouvre quelle heure? The Louvre opens at what time? pain (m) bread paquet-cadeau (m): je vous fais un paquetcadeau? shall I gift-wrap it for you? paractamol (m) paracetamol parc (m) park; parc dattractions theme park pardon excuse me, pardon me parfait(e) perfect partir leave; il part aujourdhui hes leaving today pas: pas du tout not at all; pas encore not yet permis de conduire (m) driving licence; vous avez votre permis de conduire? do you have your driving licence? personne (f) person; une seule personne one person only personnellement personally petit(e) small, little petit djeuner (m) breakfast pharmacie (f) chemists pied (m) foot; pied on foot pierre (f) stone place (f) seat; square (in a town) plaire: sil vous plat please plaisir (m) pleasure; avec plaisir with pleasure plan (m) map plat (m) dish; plat rgional regional dish; plat du jour dish of the day, todays special plombier (m) plumber plusieurs several pont (m) bridge

populaire popular pour for pourquoi why; pourquoi pas? why not? pouvoir be able to, can prcis(e) precise; quelque chose de prcis something in particular prfrer prefer premier (premire) rst; premire classe rst class prendre take; prendre le menu 25 euros to take the 25-euro menu; prendre quelque chose to have something to drink; prenez votre temps take your time prs near prter lend prvenir warn prix (m) price; faire un prix offer a reduced price probablement probably problme (m) problem; pas de problme no problem propritaire (m/f) proprietor, owner; tre propritaire to own ones house/apartment quai (m) (train) platform; quel quai? which platform? quand when; pour quand? for when? quartier (m) area (of town) quel(le) what/which; quel type de voiture? what type of car? quelques some; quelque chose something qui who; qui est lappareil? whos this?, whos speaking? (on the phone) quitter leave; ne quittez pas stay on the line rapide fast rater: rater le train to miss the train rcolte (f) harvest recommander recommend regarder look (at) renseignement (m) piece of information repas (m) meal

FrenchEnglish glossary

61

reprendre: reprendre le travail, reprendre le boulot (fam) to go back to work rservation (f) reservation rserv reserved; on a rserv une table pour ce soir we have reserved a table for tonight; rserver book, reserve; je voudrais rserver une table Id like to reserve a table restriction (f) restriction revoir: au revoir goodbye, see you later rien nothing; de rien youre welcome/dont mention it rue (f) street salade (f) salad; salade tide warm salad salle (f) room; salle de bains (prive) (en suite) bathroom; salle de sjour living room; salle de/du restaurant dining room (in hotel) salon (m) living room sant! cheers!, good health! sauf except seconde (f) second servi(e) served seulement only si if; si possible if possible signer: signez ici sil vous plat sign here please simple simple soeur (f) sister soir (m) evening sombre dark sorte (f) type spray nasal (m) nasal spray steak (m) steak; steak garni steak with vegetables and chips suivant(e) following, next superbe lovely supplment: en supplement extra sur on surprise (f) surprise; quelle bonne surprise what a nice surprise syndicat dinitative (m) tourist office

table (f) table; passer table to go and eat taille (f) size taxi (m) taxi tchin-tchin! cheers! temps (m) time; on a le temps we have time; de temps en temps from time to time TGV (m) high-speed train ticket (m) dentre entrance ticket tide warm toi you (fam) toujours always; still tous les deux both tout everything; tout compris all inclusive; tout droit straight on; en tout altogether; tout lheure later; tout lheure see you later train (m) train travail (m) work travailler work traverser cross trs bien very well troisime third; troisime tage third oor trop too; too much trouver nd un(e) a/an; one vacances (fpl) holidays en vacances on holiday valise (f) suitcase vrier check verre (m) glass vers about/towards vert(e) green veste (f) de sport sports jacket vin (m) wine; vin blanc/rouge white/red wine visage (m) face visite (f): vous voulez faire une visite? do you want a visit? visiter visit voil here we are; here it is; here you are; thats it/thats done

62

voisin(e) (m/f) neighbour voiture (f) car; en voiture by car volontiers gladly, with pleasure vouloir want; je voudrais ... Id like ...

voyage (m) journey; bon voyage! have a good joumey! vrai true WC (mpl) toilet

FrenchEnglish glossary

63

EnglishFrench glossary
a un/une about vers, environ, peu prs accept accepter address adresse (f) adore adorer adult adulte (m/f) after aprs afternoon aprs-midi (m) again encore age ge (m); what age? quel ge? ago: ve minutes ago il y a cinq minutes agreed daccord allergic allergique allergy allergie (f) also aussi altogether en tout always toujours and et apartment appartement (m) aperitif apritif (m), apro (fam) approximately environ, peu prs area (in town) quartier (m) arrival arrive (f) arrive arriver attacker agresseur (m) autumn: in autumn en automne bad mauvais(e); not bad at all pas mauvais du tout badly mal bank banque (f) bathroom salle de bains (f) be tre beautiful beau (belle) bed lit (m) bedroom chambre (f) beer bire (f); draught beer bire pression before avant; before eating avant de manger behind derrire between entre beware attention big grand(e), gros(se) black noir(e); a small black coffee un petit noir blocked bouch(e) blue bleu(e) book: to book a table rserver une table; to book a taxi commander un taxi both tous les deux bother! mince! bottle bouteille (f) box carton (m) bread pain (m) breakfast petit djeuner (m) bridge pont (m) brown marron bus bus (m) buy acheter by the way au fait cake shop ptisserie (f) can pouvoir cap casquette (f) capsule glule (f) car voiture (f); what make of car? quel type de voiture?; by car en voiture; car rental office agence (f) de location de voitures card carte (f); carte didentit identity card; carte des vins wine list case: in that case dans ce cas cellar cave (f) centre centre (m)

64

certainly certainement check vrier cheers! tchin-tchin!, sant! chemists pharmacie (f) chocolate: hot chocolate chocolat (m) chaud choose choisir civil servant fonctionnaire (m/f) clothes vtements (mpl) coffee caf (m); a small cup of black coffee un petit noir; a white coffee un caf au lait: (in caf) un crme cold froid(e); its cold (weather) il fait froid come venir; come in! entrez! complicated compliqu(e) comprehensive insurance assurance (f) tous risques conrm: to conrm by letter conrmer par lettre cont of duck cont (m) de canard congratulations flicitations (f) consult consulter cool frais (frache); its cool (weather) il fait frais; in a cool place au frais corner coin (m) correct: thats correct cest correct cost coter; how much does it cost? il/elle/a cote combien? course: of course bien sr credit card carte (f) de crdit cross traverser dark sombre date date (f); for what date? pour quelle date? day jour (m) departure dpart (m) depend: that/it depends a dpend dessert dessert (m) difference diffrence (f) dining room (in house) salle manger (f) (in hotel) salle (f) de/du restaurant

dinner dner (m) discuss discuter dish plat (m): dish of the day plat du jour do faire; its done cest fait down: to go down descendre draught beer bire (f) pression drink boisson (f); to have something to drink prendre quelque chose driving licence permis (m) de conduire early en avance easily facilement eat manger; to eat la carte manger la carte; lets go and eat on va passer table enough assez; big enough assez grand(e) en suite bathroom salle (f) de bains prive entrance entre (f); entrance ticket ticket (m) dentre entry entre (f); no entry entre interdite euro euro (m) evening soir (m); good evening bonsoir; this evening ce soir everything tout excellent excellent(e) except sauf excuse me, pardon, excusez-moi expensive cher (chre) extra en supplment far loin; is it far? cest loin?; as far as the crossroads jusquau carrefour; at the far end of the lobby au fond du hall fast rapide fetch chercher few: a few days quelques jours (m) nd trouver ne: Im ne a va (bien); thats ne cest bon nished ni(e), termin(e) rst premier (premire); rst class premire classe sh poisson (m)

EnglishFrench glossary

65

ea market march (m) aux puces oor tage (m); on what oor? quel tage? follow: follow me suivez-moi following suivant(e) foot pied (m); on foot pied for pour; for one night pour une nuit forget oublier free (available) libre; (without charge) gratuit(e) from de; from ... until/to ... de ... ... fruit fruits (mpl); fruit juice jus (m) de fruit full complet (complte) garage garage (m) garden jardin (m); (verb) jardiner gift cadeau (m); is it a gift? cest pour offrir? gift-wrap faire un paquet-cadeau give donner; to give a description donner une description go aller; shall we go? on y va? lets go! allons-y! good bon goodbye au revoir goose: duck/goose liver foie (m) gras green vert(e) grey gris(e) half demi(e); at half past three trois heures et demie happen arriver harvest rcolte (f) have avoir; do you have ...? vous avez ...? head tte (f) headache migraine (f) height taille (f) hello bonjour; (on the phone) all here ici; here we are! voil! hire louer holiday vacances (fpl); on holiday en vacances home: at home la maison hope esprer hot chaud(e); its hot (weather) il fait chaud

hotel htel (m) hour heure (f) house maison (f); at my/our house la maison how: how are you? a va? hurry: were not in a hurry on a le temps; hurry! dpchez-vous! ice cube glaon (m) idea ide (f); good idea! bonne ide! identity card carte (f) didentit if si in dans; ; en incident incident (m) inclusive tout compris information: piece of information renseignement (m) inside lintrieur its cest jacket veste (f) journey voyage (m); have a good journey! bon voyage! jug of water carafe (f) deau kind gentil(le); thats very kind (of you) cest trs gentil (de ta part) kindness gentillesse (f); thank you for your kindness merci de ta gentillesse kitchen cuisine (f) ladies and gentlemen messieurs-dames late en retard later: see you later au revoir, tout lheure leave partir left: on/to the left gauche lend prter lift ascenseur (m) like: Id like (to) ... je voudrais ... listen couter little: a little un peu live habiter living room salon (m), salle (f) de sjour local dish plat (m) rgional

66

locket mdaillon (m) look: to look (at) regarder; look! regardez!; to have a look around jeter un coup doeil lovely beau (belle), superbe; its lovely weather il fait trs beau lucky: to be lucky avoir de la chance Madam madame many: how many people? combien de personnes? map carte (f); plan (m) marriage proposal demande (f) en mariage married mari(e) me moi; me too moi aussi meal repas (m) memory mmoire (f); to have a good memory avoir bonne mmoire menu menu (m); the 25-euro menu le menu 25 euros minute minute (f) Miss mademoiselle miss (verb) rater modest modeste moment moment (m); one moment un moment; at the moment en ce moment morning matin (m) mother mre (f) Mr Monsieur much: how much? combien? how much is it? cest combien?, il/elle/a cote combien?; how much is that altogether? a fait combien en tout?; too much trop museum muse (m) mushrooms champignons (mpl) name nom (m); in what name? quel nom? nasal spray spray (m) nasal necessary: it is necessary il faut necklace collier (m) need: you/we need il faut neighbour voisin (m) next suivant(e)

night nuit (f); all night toute la nuit no non noise bruit (m); to make a noise faire du bruit (m) non-smoking non-fumeurs not: not at all pas du tout; not yet pas encore note billet (m) a 50 euro note un billet de cinquante euros nothing rien; its nothing/dont mention it de rien nowadays aujourdhui number numro (m) oclock heure(s) (f (pl)); at three oclock trois heures of de; of course bien sr offer offrir office bureau (m) OK daccord old ancien(ne) on sur one un(e) only seulement open ouvert(e); (verb) ouvrir; is it open? cest ouvert? opposite en face de or ou orange (fruit) orange (f); (colour) orange (m) owner propritaire (m) pain: to have a pain avoir mal paracetamol paractamol (m) park parc (m) particular: something in particular quelque chose de prcis payment paiement (m) people: lots of people beaucoup de monde perfect parfait(e) person personne (f); one person only une seule personne (f) personally personnellement phew! ouf!

EnglishFrench glossary

67

phone appeler pity: thats a (great) pity cest (bien) dommage platform quai (m) please sil vous plat pleasure: with pleasure avec plaisir plumber plombier (m) policeman agent (m) (de police) popular populaire possible possible prefer prfrer present cadeau (m); Christmas present cadeau de Nol pretty joli(e) price prix (m); to offer a reduced price faire un prix probably probablement problem problme (m); no problem pas de problme proprietor propritaire (m/f) quarter quart (m); at quarter past three trois heures et quart; at quarter to three trois heures moins le quart quick rapide quiet calme ravenous: to be ravenous avoir une faim de loup really vraiment recommend recommander red rouge region rgion (f) rent louer; are you renting (your apartment)? vous tes locataire? reservation rservation (f) reserve rserver; to reserve a table rserver une table restriction restriction (f) return fare aller-retour (m) right: on/to the right droite ring bague (f) room (in hotel) chambre (f)

salad salade (f) seat place (f) second second(e), deuxime; second class deuxime classe (f) see voir; did you see? vous avez vu?; see you later au revoir; see you on Thursday evening jeudi soir send envoyer sense: that makes sense cest logique served servi(e) several plusieurs she elle shirt chemise (f) shower douche (f) sign signer simple simple single (unmarried) clibataire; single fare aller (m) simple sir monsieur sister soeur (f) size taille (f) sleep dormir; I slept badly jai mal dormi small petit(e) smoking fumeurs (mpl) so alors something quelque chose soon: see you soon bientt sore: to have a sore ... avoir mal au/ la ... sorry excusez-moi, pardon, dsol sports jacket veste (f) de sport square (in town, village) place (f) starter entre (f) station gare (f) stay: stay on the line ne quittez pas still encore, toujours stomach estomac (m) stone pierre (f) straight on tout droit

68

street rue (f) suit aller (bien); it suits you a vous va trs bien suitcase valise (f) summer: in summer en t superb superbe surprise: what a nice surprise! quelle bonne surprise! table table (f) tablet comprim (m) take prendre taste goter tasting dgustation (f) taxi taxi (m) terrace: on the terrace la terrasse thank: thank goodness Dieu merci; thank you merci; thank you very much merci beaucoup, merci bien that: thats it cest a; thats donel voil! the le/la/les theme park parc (m) dattractions then alors, ensuite there l; over there l-bas; there is/are il y a thin mince thing chose (f) this: this is Mr Dumont (on telephone) ici monsieur Dumont throat gorge (f) ticket: train ticket billet (m) de train; entrance ticket ticket (m) dentre tie cravate (f) till: at the till la caisse (f) time temps (m); heure (f); weve got time on a le temps; take your time prenez votre temps; for what time tomorrow? pour quelle heure demain?; from time to time de temps en temps tip pourboire (m) today aujourdhui toilet WC (mpl); toilettes (fpl)

tomorrow demain; tomorrow morning/evening demain matin/soir too: me too moi aussi; too far trop loin tourist office office (m) de tourisme, syndicat (m) dinitiative traffic lights feux (mpl) train train (m); high-speed train TGV (m) travel agents agence (f) de voyages true vrai(e) try essayer type type (m), sorte (f) unfortunately malheureusement until jusqu up to jusqu usual: as usual comme dhabitude vegetables lgumes (mpl) very trs visit visiter wait attendre; wait a second attendez une seconde warm tide warn prvenir water eau (f) we nous, on welcome bienvenue; welcome to Eurodisney bienvenue Eurodisney; youre welcome de rien well bien what: what can I do for you? vous dsirez? when quand; when for? pour quand? where: where are you? tu es o?; where is ...? o est ...? which quel(le) while: while we wait en attendant white blanc(he) who: whos this, whos speaking? (on the phone) qui est lappareil?; whos there? qui est l? why? pourquoi?; why not? pourquoi pas?

EnglishFrench glossary

69

wine vin; white/red wine vin blanc/rouge; wine cellar cave (f); wine list carte des vins; wine tasting dgustation (f) with avec; with that avec a work travail (m), boulot (m fam); (verb) travailler

year anne (f); this year cette anne yes oui yesterday hier; yesterday morning/evening hier matin/soir young jeune

Essential vocabulary
NUMBERS
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 30 un deux trois quatre cinq six sept huit neuf dix onze douze treize quatorze quinze seize dix-sept dix-huit dix-neuf vingt vingt et un trente janvier fvrier mars avril mai juin juillet aot septembre octobre novembre dcembre January February March April May June July August September October November December 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 quarante cinquante soixante soixante-dix quatre-vingts quatre-vingt-dix cent

1,000 mille

MONTHS OF THE YEAR

70

DAYS OF THE WEEK


lundi mardi mercredi jeudi vendredi samedi dimanche Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday

SEASONS
printemps (m.) t (m.) automne (m.) hiver (m.) spring summer autumn winter

Subject index
Numbers refer to the conversations in CDs 1 and 2 that include the material.
a1 addressing people 2 asking questions 1 dates 4 days of the week 6 de 1 false friends 7 rst person 1 for 2 gender 1, 2 greetings 1 months 10 who? 5 you (polite) 1 seasons 7 telephone calls 2 telling the time 7 the 1 third person 1 numbers 110 2; 1120 2; 2131 4; 311,000s 6 pronouns 8 ranking numbers 10

Subject index

71

Global scale of the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages: learning, teaching, assessment (CEFR)
Can understand with ease virtually everything heard or read. Can summarise information from different spoken and written sources, reconstructing arguments and accounts in a coherent presentation. Can express him/herself spontaneously, very uently and precisely, differentiating ner shades of meaning even in more complex situations.

Procient User:

TY Level 6 CEFR LEVEL C2 TY Level 5 CEFR LEVEL C1 TY Level 4 CEFR LEVEL B2 (A Level) TY Level 3 CEFR LEVEL B1 (Higher GCSE) TY Level 2 CEFR LEVEL A2: (Foundation GCSE) TY Level 1 CEFR LEVEL A1

Can understand a wide range of demanding, longer texts, and recognise implicit meaning. Can express him/herself uently and spontaneously without much obvious searching for expressions. Can use language exibly and effectively for social, academic and professional purposes. Can produce clear, well-structured, detailed text on complex subjects, showing controlled use of organisational patterns, connectors and cohesive devices. Can understand the main ideas of complex text on both concrete and abstract topics, including technical discussions in his/her eld of specialisation. Can interact with a degree of uency and spontaneity that makes regular interaction with native speakers quite possible without strain for either party. Can produce clear, detailed text on a wide range of subjects and explain a viewpoint on a topical issue giving the advantages and disadvantages of various options. Can understand the main points of clear standard input on familiar matters regularly encountered in work, school, leisure, etc. Can deal with most situations likely to arise whilst travelling in an area where the language is spoken. Can produce simple connected text on topics which are familiar or of personal interest. Can describe experiences and events, dreams, hopes and ambitions and briey give reasons and explanations for opinions and plans. Can understand sentences and frequently used expressions related to areas of most immediate relevance (e.g. very basic personal and family information, shopping, local geography, employment). Can communicate in simple and routine tasks requiring a simple and direct exchange of information on familiar and routine matters. Can describe in simple terms aspects of his/her background, immediate environment and matters in areas of immediate need. Can understand and use familiar everyday expressions and very basic phrases aimed at the satisfaction of needs of a concrete type. Can introduce him/herself and others and can ask and answer questions about personal details such as where he/she lives, people he/she knows and things he/she has. Can interact in a simple way provided the other person talks slowly and clearly and is prepared to help.

Basic User

Independent User

Council of Europe. www.coe.int/lang. Extract reproduced with the permission of the Council of Europe, Strasbourg

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