TRANSFORMATION-Read the following passage and transform the underlined/indicated sentences as directed:

1. (a) It was Wednesday and we were going to our village. (Simple) (b) After walking for ten minutes we arrived at the station. (Compound) (c) But scarcely had we reached there when the train left. (Negative) (d) So we waited long to get the next train. (Complex) (e) At last it came when the sun was about to set. (Simple) 2. (a) Anger is nothing but a voice. (Interrogative) (b) It begets only the worst. (Negative) (c) So we should control it for our own sake. (Passive) (d) He who is taken by anger causes a lot of troubles. (Simple) (e) Realizing it we should try to be emotionally balanced. (Compound) 3. (a) She never thought that she should see me again. (Simple) (b) The earth being round, we meet again. (Compound) When I happened to meet her after about 16 years, she could not recognise me. (c) I recognized her at the first glance and helped her recognize me. (Simple) (d) She was so much pleased to remember our first acquaintance. (Complex) (e) We celebrated our second meeting. (Passive) 4. (a)We cant stop the effects of the greenhouse gas emissions that have already taken place. (Affirmative) (b) Northern Africa and the Indian subcontinent will be the worst affected. (Positive) (c) As temperature increases and rainfall patterns change, cereal crop fields are expected to change significantly. (Simple) (d) To avoid radical changes of temperature in future action is needed now. (Active) (e) Today the air of the British Isles is cleaner than at any time since the industrial revolution though challenges remain the same. (Simple) 5. ( a) Nawab Serajuddaula was the most courageous Nawab India has ever seen (Comparative). (b) He forgave the English many a time (Passive). (e) The English got desperate because of the collaboration of some of the leading personalities of his court with them (Compound). (d) Serajuddaula was not afraid of it (Interrogative) (e) Though they collaborated with the English, he decided to teach the English a lesson (Simple). 6. (a) Traffic jam is the most serious problem in Dhaka city (Comparative). (b) It has become a common affair here (Negative). It occurs mostly during office hours. (c) Sometimes a traffic jam is so acute that it blocks about half a kilometer of a street (Compound). (d) Our valuable time and works are killed by it (Active). (e) However, this problem can be solved if some pragmatic steps are taken (Simple). 7. (a) Michael was poor shepherd living in the lake district of England (Complex). (b) He and his wife Isabella were hardworking (Negative). Their son Luke was great comfort in their old age. (c) But faced with an unexpected financial crisis, they were compelled to send their son to London (Compound). (d) Luke was employed in a business by a relative (Active). (e) His works pleased the relative (Passive). 8. (a) The cuckoo is a bird of very shy-nature (Complex). (b) It is not very often seen beside human habitation. (Affirmative). (c) They hide themselves and coo from the high branches of trees (Simple). (d) Though they are coward, they are very clever birds (Compound). (e) They lay their eggs in the nests of crows (Complex). 9. We all are aware of our precious wildlife. In this regard we can name the Royal Bengal Tiger. What a royal appearance it has! (a) The Royal Bengal Tigers of the Sunderbans are the most famous in the world (Interrogative). (b) All know it for its ferocity (Passive). (c) Now the number of Royal Bengal Tiger is not increasing (Affirmative). (d) The Royal Bengal Tigers are the target of the illegal poachers (Complex). (e) We ought to preserve this precious wildlife from the extinction by any means (Passive) 10. (a) Observe a good teacher and you will see him motionless. (Complex) (b) He walks about the class when he feels it necessity. (Compound). (c) He speaks as he thinks and feels. (Simple) (d) He is not chained to fixed rules. (Active) (e) The class becomes communicative and lively. (Negative) 11. (a) Zinia who reads in the college is a brilliant student. (Simple) (b) But she cannot concentrate on study because of chaos and confusions of her family. (Compound) (c) In spite of having a separate room of her own, she feels disturbed. (Complex) (d) She has to share her room with others. (Interrogative) (e) She wishes she were born in a small family. (Exclamatory) 12. (a) Information technology is a wonderful invention. (Exclamatory) (b) There are many things that can be included in the information technology. (Simple) (c) Computer has pushed the modern age a step ahead. (Complex) (d) Internet is the greatest invention in the communication system. (Comparative) (e) As Rahim is curious, he will try to invent new things. (Compound) 13. Plato, the most celebrated, honoured and revered of all the philosophers of the western world lived in Athens. (a) It was many years ago and he lived in Athens. (Simple) (b) He is called the father of western philosophy. (Active) (c) As he was a great philosopher, people praised him much. (Compound). (d) He is the greatest moralist and philosopher of all time. (Positive) (e) He is out of the world now but he is remembered for his outstanding doctrine of philosophy. (Complex) 14. (a)Self-reliance is the best process through which a man can be independent in this life. (Simple) (b) It is a great virtue that turns a mans career and character into a reputable position. (Compound) (c) A self-reliant man can decorate his life demonstratively. (Passive) (d) Bangladesh is a very poor and populated country but she can open a lot of ways to be self- reliant. (Complex) (e) Selfreliant man is happier than other men. (Positive) 15. (a) The Sangsad Bhaban at Sher-e-Bangla Nagar in Dhaka is a wonder of modern architecture and technology. (Complex) (b) It is one of the largest and most spectacular parliament buildings in the world. (Positive) (c) It is Louis I Kahn who is the designer of the Parliament Bhaban. (Simple) (d) The main section is hidden by a strong outer wall. (Active) (e) Although construction work started in 1964, it was finally inaugurated in 1982. (Compound)
(a)

16. (a) Honesty is the best policy in life. (Positive) (b) But how difficult it is to find and honest man! (Assertive) (c) Though honesty cannot bring much wealth, it can give absolute happiness. (Compound) (d) Everybody hates a dishonest man. (Passive) (e) So we should avoid the dishonest way and try to lead a perfect life. (Simple) 17. (a) One late afternoon, I looked up from my typewriter. (Compound) (b) I was startled to see that a boy was standing at the door of my cabin. (Simple) (c) The boy was twelve years old but was undersized. (Complex) (d) He was more polite than any other boy the writer had ever found. (Superlative) (e) His behaviour did not displease me. (Affirmative) 18. (a) The birds that come to our country in winter are called guest birds. (Simple) (b) They come to our country for their survival. (Compound) (c) They come to Bangladesh to search a better shelter. (Complex) (d) They perform an important role to balance the environment. (Passive) (e) They cannot but fly away from our country. (Affirmative) 19. Frugality is a good habit. (a) A man who is frugal does not like to spend money without reasons. (Simple) (b) The target of a frugal man is to save money for future. (Complex) (c) Everyone can practise frugality to make a well-planned life. (Passive) (d) As a frugal man can save money, he can spend it in time of crisis easily. (Compound) (e) A frugal man is happier than a prodigal man. (Positive) 20. (a) We should make the habit of reading books to earn knowledge. (Compound) (b) The books written by famous writers is a great source of increasing our knowledge. (Complex) (c) Nobody gets perfection in life if he does not read the books written by great writers. (Simple) (d) To make the society civilized, there is no alternative of reading books. (Complex) (e) A book is our greatest friend. (Compound) 21.(a) Bangladesh, an overpopulated country, is situated in South-Asia. (Complex). (b) To feed the ever growing people is a thousand hectares of cultivable land, this task of increasing production is daunting. (Compound). Moreover, for human settlement, our land is going to be fragmented. (e) River erosion is one of the important causes diminishing agricultural land. (Positive) 22. (a) The house in which we live at present suits us. (Simple) (b) Only hard working boys will succeed. (Complex) (c) He left no plan untried. (Affirmative) (d) I can never forget you. (Interrogative) (e) How charming! (Assertive) 23. (a) When the prayer was over, the people began to embrace one another. (Simple) (b) Many of them left the Eidgah to meet their relatives. (Interrogative) The Prophet (SM) was about to go home. (c) At that time a little boy with a pale face was seen by him. (Change Voice) The Prophet (SM) loved children very much. (d) The pale face of the boy attracted the Prophet (Sm). (Complex) (e) Going near him he put his hand on the head of the boy affectionately. (Compound) 24. One day a wolf went for hunting. He caught a rabbit. While he was eating it, a sharp bone stuck in his throat. He was in great pain. (a) He tried his best to remove the bone from his throat but all in vain. (Complex) The wolf was in despair. (b) At last he decided to take the help of other animals. (Passive) (c) He went from animal to animal begging them to remove the bone from his throat. (Compound) (d) They were afraid of the ferocious animals. (Complex) (e) He came there and asked the stork to remove the bone. (Simple) 25. (a) Bangladesh is not the poorest country in the world. (Positive) Too many people live here. (b) It is not possible for her to give employment to all these people. (Complex) (c) People can train themselves in one or other of the vocations. (Passive) (d) Bangladesh can engage her human resources only after exploring all her resources. (Complex) (e) Thus she can earn a lot of foreign exchange. (Complex) 26. (a) Man is superior to all creatures in the universe because of his intellect. (Compound) (b) Creator blessed him with conscience to differentiate the right path from the wrong path. (Complex) (c) Though he has conscience and intellect, he has lagged behind in humanity. (Simple) (d) Men are being persecuted by men every moment and everywhere in the world. (Active) (e) What a critical time mankind is passing now! (Assertive)
(b)

27. (a) People in general are fond of glittering things. (Complex) They are the lover of surface. (b) They are concerned with the outer show of things and beings. (Active) They do not bother about intrinsic value. (c) Gold is a metal which is very precious. (Simple) Its value is universally recognised. (d) But there are some other metals looking like gold (Compound) (e) They fade soon and lose their beauty. (Interrogative) 28. (a) The sun, a star in the sky, is one of the greatest sources of energy. (Complex). (b) We call it solar energy. (Passive). It is very unfortunate that it is not an easy task to use. (c) As we use oil, diesel and coal for our every day life, our precious environment becomes polluted. (Compound) (d) We can use the sun instead of using oil, coal and diesel. (Passive) (e) Burning of oil, diesel and coal produces carbon di-oxide that is harmful to human beings. (Simple) 29. (a) The Sundarbans that is the unique creation of nature is called the 52nd World Heritage Site. (Simple) (b) It is called the mangrove forest. (Active) It is situated in the southern part of Bangladesh. (c) It is one of the biggest mangrove forests in the world. (Positive) (d) It protects southern part of our country in time of natural disasters. (Complex) (e) Many people go to the Sundarbans to observe the natural beauties. (Compound) 30. (a) Acid throwing is one of the most heinous crimes. (Positive). (b) It is an inhuman and barbarous act. (Complex). (c) The problem cannot be solved overnight. (Passive). (d) If we fail to solve the problem, law and order situation will deteriorate. (Simple). (e) Government has already made law for the punishment of the acid throwers. (Compound) 31. (a) No other problem in Bangladesh is as great as illiteracy. (Comparative) Most of our people cannot read or write. (b) So literacy rate in Bangladesh is very poor. (Negative) (c) It is too poor to imagine. (Complex) (d) It is the duty of the educated people to educate the illiterate. (Interrogative)(e) The government has taken necessary steps to eradicate illiteracy. (Passive)

32. Stephen Hawking was born in 1942. He was born in an educated family. (a) He is considered the greatest physicist after Einstein. (Active) (b) In 1979 he joined Cambridge University. (Simple) (c) When he was thirty two years old, he received the prestigious Albert Einstein Award. (Simple) (d) He wrote a book explaining the cosmology for general public. (Compound) (e) He is one of the greatest scientists in the present world.(Positive) 33. (a) Health is the greatest wealth of a man. (Passive) (b) In order to be healthy we have to take a balanced diet everyday.. (Complex) (c) A balanced diet is good food that contains something from each of the three main groups of food. (Simple) Three groups are; protein, carbohydrate and fat. Protein is the most important for building our bodies. (d) They help us to build new cells as old ones die. (e) Carbohydrate and fat provide us the root of our existence named energy. (Complex) So we all should dry our best to make us healthy by taking a balances diet. 34. (a) Cricket is a very exciting game. (Exclamatory) (b) People of all ages enjoy this game very much. (Passive) (c) At present cricket is one of the most popular games in our country. (Comparative) (d) Though cricket is a very costly game, people of all classes get a great deal of delight playing and witnessing it. (Simple) (e) Bangladesh is a test playing country but its standard is not high. (Complex) 35. (a) I answered to her beckoning. (Compound) I caught sight of her at the play. (b) I went over during the interval. (complex). It was a long gap I had seen her. (c) Someone had mentioned her name to me. (passive). (d) She was not so young as I expected. (Comparative). How time dose fly! (e) We are none of us getting any younger. (affirmative). 36. (a) Child labour is one of the biggest curses of the 21st Century. (Positive). Child labour especially employment of children in hazardous work, is a complete violation of human rights (b) Unfortunately this has become very accepted in our society (Complex). (c) Only poverty is responsible for this. (Negative) (d) In a family of five or six children the parents have to send some of their kids to work so that they can fill their empty stomachs. (Simple) (e) Though these poor and helpless children have to break brick all day long, in return they are rewarded with all kinds of abuse. (Compound) 37. (a) Khan Jahan Ali was one of the greatest saints of our country. (Comparative) He was a powerful leader of many people. (b) He could build luxurious places but he did not do so. (Complex) (c) He not only did many construction works but also led people to the path of Islam. (Simple) (d) He constructed the famous Shat Gambuj Mosque. (Passive) (e) He was a monarch without a crown. (Negative) 38. (a) Very few insects are as busy as the bee. (Comparative) (b) It lives together. (Negative) (c) It files from flower to flower and takes honey. (Simple) (d) It stores honey in the hive. (Passive) (e) In winter it remains idle but it works hard in spring.. (Complex) (a) The Jamuna is one of the biggest rivers in Bangladesh. (Positive) (b) When it is summer, it becomes emaciated. (Simple) (c) During the rainy season, it assumes a terrible shape. (Complex) (d) Everybody knows it. (Interrogative) (e) Tourists from home and abroad visit its shore. (Passive) 39. (a) The Chinese put a lot of emphasis on the unity of the family. (Passive) (b) The parks are often crowded with families spending their time together. (Compound) (c) The parks are very nice. (Exclamatory) (d) Sometimes musicians and acrobats perform in the open air. (Interrogative) (e) In the evening many families spend their free time watching television.. (Complex) 40. Once upon a time there was a king. (a) He had a very beautiful daughter whom he loved very much. (Compound) (b) While crossing a rice farm, she saw a handsome farmer playing a flute under a tree. (Complex) (c) This happened one day when the princess went to countryside accompanied by her friends. (Simple) (d) The princess was impressed by the melody of the flute. (Active) (e) In the end, the princess called the farmer and rewarded him. (Negative) 41. (a) Learning a language is similar to riding a bicycle. (Negative) (b) Communication is the most important thing about any language. (Comparative) (c) One can communicate with others by using a language. (Complex) (d) Certainly one can learn a language through mistakes. (Passive) (e) People should not laugh when others make mistake. (Simple) 42. The great ship Titanic sailed for New York on April 10 th 1912. (a) She was not only the largest ship but was regarded as unsinkable (Complex). (b) The tragic sinking of this great liner will always be remembered, for she went down on her first vovage with heavy loss of life (Simple). (c) A huge iceberg was suddenly spotted by a lookout. (Active). (d) After the alarm had been given, the great ship turned sharply to avoid a direct collision. (Compound). (e) The captain realized to his horror that the Titanic was sinking rapidly. (Passive) 43. A man may become great and good if he loves and respects his parents. (a) George Washington cut a tree in his fathers garden. (Passive). (b) When his father saw it, very angry (Simple). (c) Though the boy trembled in fear, he did not tell a lie. (Compound). (d) His father expressed happiness for his truthful son. (Complex). Again at the time of his heart. (e) He was one of the most devoted sons. (Positive).