Matrices 1. A toothpaste firm supplies tubes of toothpaste to 5 different stores.

The number of tubes of toothpaste supplied per delivery to each store, the sizes and sale prices of the tubes, together with the number of deliveries made to each store over a 3-month period are shown in the table below. Number of tubes per delivery 50 ml 75 ml 100 ml 400 300 400 600 400 600 500 300 600 600 400 $2.10 $3.00 $3.75 Number of deliveries over 3 months 13 7 10 5 8

Size of tube Alwin Bestbuy Name of Costless store Dealwise Econ Sale price per tube

(i) Write down two matrices such that the elements of their product under matrix multiplication would give the volume of toothpaste supplied to each store per delivery. (ii) Write down two matrices such that the elements of their product under matrix multiplication would give the number of toothpaste of each size supplied by the firm over the 3-month period. Find this product. (iii)Using the matrix product found in part (ii) and a further matrix, find the total amount of money which would be obtained from the sale of all the tubes of toothpaste delivered over the 3-month period. 2. The table below shows the daily production, in kilograms, of two types, S1 and S2, of sweets from a small company, and the percentages of the ingredients A, B and C required to produce S1 and S2. A 60 50 Percentage B 30 40 C 10 10 Daily production (kg) 300 240

Type S1 Type S2

Given that the costs, in dollars per kilogram, of A, B and C are 4, 6 and 8 respectively, use matrix multiplication to calculate the total cost of daily production. 3. A flower show is held over a three-day period Thursday, Friday and Saturday. The table below shows the entry price per day for an adult and for a child, and the number of adults and children attending on each day.

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Price ($) Adult Price ($) Child Number of adults Number of children

Thursday 12 5 300 40

Friday 10 4 180 40

Saturday 10 4 400 150

(i) Write down two matrices such that their product will give the amount of entry money paid on Thursday and hence, calculate this product. (ii) Write down two matrices such that the elements of their product give the amount of entry money paid for each of Friday and Saturday and hence, calculate this product. (iii)Calculate the total amount of entry money paid over the three-day period. 2 1 0 1 4. The matrices A and B are given by A = , B = 4 3 . Find the matrix P such 2 6 2 that P = B 2A. 3 2 5. Given that A = and B = 2 1 8 10 2 4 2 , find the matrix X such that X = A + 2B.

2 1 6. Given that A = , find the value of each of the constants m and n for which 3 1 A2 + mA = nI, where I is the identity matrix. 7. A cycle shop sells three models of racing cycles, A, B and C. The table below shows the numbers of each model sold over a four-week period and the cost of each model in $. Model Week 1 2 3 4 Cost ($) A 8 7 10 6 300 B 12 10 12 8 500 C 4 2 0 4 800

In the first two weeks, the shop banked 30% of all money received, but in the last two weeks, the shop only banked 20% of all money received. (i) Write down three matrices such that matrix multiplication will give the total amount of money banked over the four-week period. (ii) Hence, evaluate this total amount.

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4 1 8. Given that A = ,B= 2 3 (i) AB, and (ii) BC. 9. Place Team Harriers Strollers Road Runners Olympians 1st 6 3 2 1

3 5 0 2 and C =

4 1 , calculate

2nd 3 2 5 2

3rd 1 4 5 2

4th 2 3 0 7

The table shows the results achieved by four teams in twelve events of an athletics match. In each event, 1st place scores 5 points, 2nd place scores 3 points, 3rd place scores 2 points and 4th place scores 1 point. (i) Write down two matrices whose product shows the total number of points scored by each team. (ii) Evaluate this product of matrices. 2 1 1 3 5 10. It is given that A = , B = 2 0 and C = 2 . Find 4 3 (i) AB, and (ii) BC. 2 3 7 11. Given that A = and B = 1 5 4 (i) 2A, (ii) B2, and (iii)BA. 4 3 2 0 12. Given that A = and B = 1 4 , find 3A 2B. 1 2 3 1 5 , find the matrix product AB. 13. Given that A = [ 2 4 1] and B = 0 2 7
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2 1 8 6 , calculate

14. Students take three multiple-choice tests, each with ten questions. A correct answer earns 5 marks. If no answer is given 1 mark is scored. An incorrect answer loses 2 marks. A students final total mark is the sum of 20% of the mark in test 1, 30% of the mark in test 2 and 50% of the mark in test 3. One students responses are summarized in the table below. Correct answer No answer Incorrect answer Test 1 7 1 2 Test 2 6 3 1 Test 3 5 5 0

Write down three matrices such that matrix multiplication will give this students final total mark and hence, find this total mark. 2 1 2 1 3 4 15. The matrices A, B and C are given by A = 1 3 and B = and C = 1 5 6 7 2 5 Write down, but do not evaluate, matrix products which may be calculated from the matrices A, B and C. 9 10 .

16. The table shows the number of games played and the results of five teams in a football league. Parrots Quails Robins Swallows Terns Played 8 7 8 7 8 Won 5 4 4 2 1 Drawn 3 1 0 1 1 Lost 0 2 4 4 6

A win earns 3 points, a draw 1 point and a loss 0 points. Write down two matrices which on multiplication display in their product the total amount of points earned by each team and hence, calculate these totals. ~End~ Please check your workings carefully!

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