CAREER PATHWAYS INTECHNOLOGY AND LIVEHOOD EDUCATION (CP-TLE) Home Economics I Beauty Care

Module 3: Basic Designs in Manicure Quarter 1: Basic Manicure

Manicure services are given to both male and female customers.

EXPLORE Your Understanding

Hello ! Welcome .Do you want to be like the person who is doing the manicure in the picture? You can become one, because in this module,you will learn the basic concepts and principles of Basic Manicure . With a little practice and the right materials you can become a professional manicurist. In this module, you will learn how manicure came about and its fundamentals. To help you achieve good and healthy nails,you will also learn about the nails, its shapes, parts, and disorder or illness. It is important to know the uses/functions of implements,supplies and materials used in manicure.Moreover, you will learn to prepare a project plan. Knowing the step-by-step procedure in giving a manicure and the basic manicure designs and hand massage will enable you to give a professional manicure. You will also learn how to prepare and interpret details of a job order. After every lesson, you are provided a simple test for you to answer. After finishing all the activities in this module, you will be able to find job opportunities in the world of work as manicurist or you can be self-employed by providing home services .
1

Guide Questions: (These guide questions will help you understandand the content of the module.You may answer them tentatively in your notebook). Why do you need to understand the basic concepts and principles underlying the process and delivery in basic manicure? What are the basic concepts and principles underlying the process and delivery in basic manicure ? Is manicuring service profitable? What qualifications must you have to become a manicurist? Can you create a new design base on the basic manicuring designs? What are the different services that you can give based on basic manicure? What are your preferences in selecting nail polish? Is it branded or cheaper ones? Before studying this module, take the pre-assessment to find out what you already know about the lesson.Lets see how well you know manicuring as a service. Pre-Assessment Activity 1 Directions: Choose your best answer ; Write the letters only on your answer sheet. 1. A manicure is a cosmetic beauty treatment given to the a. hands c. feet b. hands and fingernails d. all of the above

2. How often should a manicure be given? a. At least once a week c. Twice a month b. Every month d. Everyday 3. Which is not a qualification of a good manicurist? a.Ability to give a good manicure in a systematic and efficient manner b.Ability to care for the patrons manicuring problem. c.Ability to recognize nail disorders which may be treated and diseases that should be referred to a physician. d.Ability to buy things beyond her needs 4. The part of the nail that lies underneath most of the nail plate and is a continuation of the skin around the nail. a. nail bed c. matrix b. nail plate d. lunula

5. This shape provides the maximum support for the nail. a. Round c. Pointed b. Square d. Oval 6. These surround and support the nail plate on all 3 sides. a. Nail folds c. Nail bed b. Cuticles d. Matrix 7. In this condition, the nail cuts into one or both sides of the nail bed, resulting in inflammation and possibly infection. a. Hangnails c. Tinea b. Ingrown nails d. Ram horn nail 8. This is a kind of nail disorder in which growth of horny epithelium occurs. a. Onychia c. Paronychia b, Onychophosis d. Koilonychia 9. An implement that is use to loosen cuticle a. orangewoodstick c. Cuticle pusher b. nail buffer d. Nail brush 10. It is a liquid product applied before the liquid nail polish a. top coat c. Base coat b. nail dryers d. Nail bleaches 11. The first step in doing a manicure is a. shaping nails c. trimming the cuticle b. cleaning d. application of nail polish 12. Which of the given nail designs given below is not a basic design? a. Calalily c. Halfmoon b. Tip design d. French tip with jewels 13. Materials,money,machine are part of the 4Ms of production or service. What does the other m stands for? a. Mail c. Mix b. Man d. Manicure 14. Hand massage is given_______ a manicure service a. before c. during b. after d. always 15.The total expenses incurred in doing a manicure service is a. cost sales c. daily sales b. cost of production d. expenses

Note: Assess yourself by referring to Answer Key answer on page 36. If you get scores between 10-15 Very good, scores between 7-14 Satisfactory, 6below Needs Improvement.

FIRM UP Your Understanding

In this phase of the module ,you learn basic manicure.You are expected to answer the diifferent activities provided in each lesson. Lesson 1: History of Manicure Manicures began 5000 years ago. In Arab countries, henna was used for manicure. The term mehendi, used synonymously for henna, henna being an Arabic word, derived from the Sanskrit mehandika. Empress Dowager Cixi was known to keep very long naturally-grown nails. In the ancient time, long,polished and colored fingernails were considered as a mark of distinction between aristocrat and the common laborer.Manicuring once considered as a luxury for few is now within reach of the general public.In fact,every well-groomed person resorts to regular manicure. Manicuring is not limited to women only,more and more men request the services of a manicurist when they visit the barber shop . A manicure is a cosmetic beauty treatment for the fingernails and hands performed at home or in a nail salon. A manicure treatment is not only a treatment for the natural nails but also for the hands. A manicure consists of filing, shaping the free edge, treatments, hand massage and the application of polish. There are also manicure services specially for the hands and feet. For the hands, the soaking of a softening substance and the application of a lotion is a common speciality. When applied to the toenails and feet, this treatment is referred to as a pedicure. The word "manicure" derives from Latin: manus for "hand," and cura for "care." Purpose A reason for giving manicures is to improve the appearance of the hands and nails. It is also used for cleaning, strengthening, shaping and dressing the nails. Manicure prevents the deformation of nails and other damages like fragile tips, cuts, and nail splits. The skin is also improved due to increase in blood flow. The wrinkles on skin also vanish with the help of massage.
4

Manicurist To become a good manicurist you should have these qualifications: Knowledge and structure of hands and nails Knowledge of composition of various cosmetics used in manicuring Ability to give a good manicure in a systematic and efficient manner Ability to care the patrons manicuring problem Ability to recognize nail disorders which may be treated and diseases that shoud be referred to a physician. Ability to please and satisfy patrons

Let us sees how much you know by answering the activity given.Write your answers in your notebook. Activity 1 Multiple Choice: Directions: Select the best answer. Write only the letters of your answers in your notebook. 1. In the past, the main reason why they do manicuring is a. to protect nails b. for status c. for aesthetic purposes d. all of the above 2. Manicure was introduce in what year? a. 20Th century b. 5000 years ago c. 21th century d. 500 years 3. The purpose of manicure at the present time is a. b. c. d. for beautification for popularity for the protection of the base of the nail all of the above

4. It is a cosmetic treatment for hands and nails. a. Manicure b. Pedicure c. SPA d. Massage 5. A cosmetic beauty treatment for the fingernails and hands performed at home or in a nail salon is a. oil manicure b. manicure c. parafin manicure d. none of the above Lets proceed to the next lesson. Lesson 2: The Nails The nail, an appendage of the skin, meaning it is attached to the skin,and is a horn-like envelope covering the dorsal aspect of the terminal phalanges of fingers and toes. Nails are similar to claws. Fingernails and toenails are made of a tough protein called keratin, as are animals' hooves and horns. The human nail is a plate constantly growing and being removed by clipping or biting. In childhood, it takes the nail about 3 months to grow out completely while this may take up to 6 months in the elderly.Like any part or organ of the human body, the condition of the fingernails and toenails may be indicative of certain systemic diseases. Your toenails and fingernails protect the tissues of your toes and fingers. They are made up of layers of a hardened protein called keratin, which is also in your hair and skin. Your nails' health can be a clue to your overall health. Healthy nails are usually smooth and consistent in color. Specific types of nail discoloration and changes in growth rate can signal various lung, heart, kidney and liver diseases, as well as diabetes and anemia. White spots and vertical ridges are harmless. Nail Growth Nail Growth is a topic that is rarely discussed, and I guess that was why I was a little surprised when I found out how many different factors affect how fast our nails grow. How fast do nails grow? Normal Growth Rate: 0.5 to 1.2mm per week Nails grow faster in warmer weather
6

Growth is faster in children and slows as we age Growth in toe nails is slower than fingernails Growth rates among the fingers will vary, for example, the middle finger grows fastest and the thumb the slowest Nails grow faster in males Nails grow faster in the daytime Nails in the dominant hand grow slightly faster than the non-preferred hand Nails grow faster during pregnancy If a nail is lost through injury it will grow again as long as the matrix is still alive A new nail will take several months to grow back to the original size

Next: Let's find out what foods are good for your nails!! Healthy Nails A well balanced diet is the secret for achieving healthy nails! Foods that are particularly good for fingernail health include: Protein Chicken Wings Contains collagen which is good for healthy nails and skin Soy Bean Products Contains essential amino acids and minerals (calcium, protein, potassium & magnesium). Soy bean products are very low in calories, and because they are so nutritious, they can be a replacement for beef products. Soy beans work in a way that is similar to female hormones, so they help in reducing the discomfort of periods. Eggs Contains all essential amino acids and is a source of many vitamins and minerals (Vitamin A, D & E) Vitamins Grapefruit Contains Vitamin E which smoothes blood and prevents the nails and skin from drying out. Strawberries / Kiwi Fruit / Oranges Contains Vitamin C which encourages collagen production. This has an anti-oxidant effect which helps slow down the ageing process Minerals Seaweed Contains magnesium and helps promote good nail and hair growth. Seafood (sardines & oysters) Contains zinc which has an anti-oxidant effect which slows down the aging process. Liver & Tuna Contains iron which helps bring oxygen into the body system, making the system function better. Water Its also important to drink plenty of water to hydrate the skin. Ideally try to drink 2 liters per day. This will make sure the cuticle does not become dry and flakey . Next: Let's learn how to maintain your healthy nails!!
7

Finger Nail Care By following the Finger Nail Care Tips below, you are sure to see a big improvement in the appearance and health of your fingernails.

Daily Tips By regularly pushing up the cuticles with an orange stick, more of the nail plate will be visible, which will ultimately make your nails look longer. By filing your nails correctly, instead of using nail clippers, your nails will strengthen and can be easily formed into a shape that you desire. It is very important to keep your nails clean by washing them regularly, especially after doing outdoor activities. Wear gloves when gardening or washing dishes to protect your nails from bacteria as well as helping prevent your hands from drying out by harmful detergents and sunlight. When removing nail polish with cotton wool, try to avoid rubbing too hard, as this will put too much pressure on the nails. Try not to use your nails as a tool to perform other tasks as this often leads to nails splitting and tearing. Apply hand cream as often as you can, eg. each time after washing your hands. Activity 2 Identification: Arrange the jumbled words inside the parenthesis to form a word about nails: 1.(figernlians) 2. ( olagnec) 3. (slmineral) 4.(minvita) ______________________ ______________________ ______________________ ______________________

5.(dageappen) ______________________

Proceed to the next lesson.

Lesson1B.

Parts of the Nail Illustrations of the parts of the Human

nails Nail Parts Definitions Free Edge The is the end of the nail plate that is shaped during Manicure & Pedicure Hyponichium. This is the portion of skin at the end of the finger underneath the free edge, where the nail plate separates from the skin. Nail Grooves These are the grooves on the skin at the sides of the free edge, and the nail follows the line as it grows. Nail Plate This is the visible portion of the nail that sits on top of the nail bed. It is made by Keratinisation; the change of living cells to hard, dead cells, and it consists of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, sulfur and nitrogen. Nail Walls These are the folds of skin where the nail is still attached. Nail Bed This is the part of the finger underneath the nail plate.
9

Lunula This is the moon shaped point where the matrix and nail bed meet. Cuticle This is the overlapping skin surrounding the nail. Its job is to protect the matrix from invading bacteria and physical damage. Matrix This is where the nail is made. It is the only living part of the nail, and contains nerves and blood vessels so that cell reproduction can occur. In connection with these lesson ,answer the activity given below. Activity 3 Matching Type Directions:Match column A to column B to find the correct answer. Copy and answer on the separate sheet of paper. Column A _______1. Matrix _______2. Nail bed _______3. Nail plate _______4. Lunula _______5. Cuticle Column B a.lies underneath the nail plate b. Overlapping skin surrounding the nail c. Visible portion of the nail d. Halfmoon crescent e. Living part of the nail

Did you make good with the activity? If yes, fine! If not, take a second look at the previous lesson before you go to the next. Lesson 2a Nail Shapes Much like fingerprints, nail shapes and sizes are also unique to the individual. You may find similarities between your nails and those of a parent or sibling, but fingernails come in many shapes and sizes. If youve ever looked at a friends manicure, you may notice that hers does not look identical to yours. Why? Well, for starters like you, your nail bed may be longer or shorter, wider or narrower than your friends nail bed. The nail bed is the part of your skin here the actual nail rests. Your nail bed may also differ from your mothers, your sisters, your cousins, as
10

well as from complete strangers. This is because nail beds come in different shapes suited to the anatomy of the individual. The wider and shorter the nail bed is, the less attractive dark colors will look. In selecting the nail shape best suited for the patron, consult her wishes and give consideration to the type of fingers she has. Even though choosing your nail shape is a matter of personal preferences and style, there are a few things a woman should know and take into consideration before opting for square or round nails. As our hands and nails represent a symbol of beauty and femininity, it is important to follow a certain care routine and find the most flattering shape for our nails. We would all love to have gorgeous-looking hands, with long, delicate fingers and perfect nails. However, since this is rather impossible, you should know that based on the natural size and shape of your nails only a few colors and a certain nail shape flatters you. A well-chosen nail shape not only helps you obtain a more delicate and stylish look for your hands, but it can also boost self-confidence. Therefore, whenever feeling like going for a specific trend, you should better think twice and choose something that suits you. Forget about who wears what and discover that special nail shape that flatters you and makes you feel better. Recommendations to determine the best shape when filing your nails, or for when you apply false tips, are as follows: Nail Bed Shape Best Nail Shape Short and wide ---------------------------------- Square with rounded edges Long and big ------------------------------------- Square with a rounded edge Narrow and long oval -------------------------- Square with a sharp edge Oval nail bed -------------------------------------- Lucky you! When you have a nail that are crooked and have different shapes, you must have a square nail shape.There is no ideal nail shape; as the nail shape will largely depend on the individuals' preferences. However there are several options you can choose from and some that give more stability to your nails, therefore allowing them to grow longer without breaking. There are five basic nail shapes people use: The Oval shape Follows the curve of the fingertip and is usually shorter in length extending only slightly past the tip of the finger. Many men prefer this shape when manicuring their nails.
11

The Square shape Is one where the nail is trimmed to a specific length and the ends are filed to a straight edge. The corners are filed only enough to remove any truly sharp corners to prevent accidental scratching. Many men like to have their nails filed into a short, square shape.

The Squoval shape Is relatively new, and came about because of the number of people who liked the look of the squared nail, but needed the added structural strength of the oval. It is simply a square nail with the corners rounded

The Pointed nail Is tapered to the center of the nail, although it is rarely shaped into an actual 'point'.This shape looks best on women with long slender fingers.

The Round Nail Follows the curve of the fingertip and is usually shorter in length extending only slightly past the tip of the finger. Many men prefer this shape when manicuring their nails.

How to Shape Nails How you shape your fingernails can be as personal as how you style your hair. You have a certain preference and there are probably certain styles that will flatter the shape of your face more than other styles. The same is true of fingernails. Your fingers and fingernails have a unique shape and there is likely a certain fingernail shape that would look best with the shape of your fingers and fingernails.

12

Here are some general guidelines for figuring out what fingernail shape would look best on your fingers. Look at your hands and fingernails from above. Notice the shape of your nail base (the bottom of your fingernail). The shape of your nail base can be an important factor for deciding how to shape your fingernails. Often the shape of one's fingernail tip looks best if it mirrors the shape of the nail base. Decide whether you would like a round shape, a square shape or a natural shape for your fingernails. Shape your fingernails in a natural shape if this is what appeals to you. To do this, trim all your fingernails to an even length. This length should be that of the shortest fingernail you have. Trim each fingernail across. Make a very small snip on each fingernail edge. File carefully after trimming. Shape your fingernails in a round shape if this is what appeals to you. File your fingernails inward on both edges of your fingernail to make the fingernail into a rounded shape. Shape your fingernails in a square shape if this is what appeals to you. File your fingernails to carefully create a straight line across the entire fingernail tip. This technique takes very small filing motions to achieve the straight line. Did you enjoy the lesson? If so, try to answer the activity for further improvement. Activity 4 Directions: Select the best answer from the words listed below.Copy answer on your notebook Round, Oval, Pointed, Square and Squoval. ____________1. Follows the curve of the fingertip and is usually shorter in length extending only slightly past the tip of the finger ____________2. It is simply a square nail with the corners rounded. ____________3. tapered to the center of the nail ____________4. Longer with a rounded end and is considered the strongest of the shapes based on the experiences of nail technicians ____________5. The nail is trimmed to a specific length and the ends are filed to a straight edge Proceed to the next lesson

13

Lesson 2B: Nail Disorders and Diseases Nail diseases are distinct from diseases of the skin. Although nails are a skin appendage, they have their own signs and symptoms which may relate to other medical conditions. Nail conditions that show signs of infection or inflammation require medical assistance and cannot be treated at a beauty parlor. Deformity or disease of the nails may be referred to as onychosis.Latin word for nail is onyx. There are several nail diseases and disoders which may be met during your cosmetology practice.Improper manicuring may be a contributing factor that may cause disorders and diseases.Every precautions should be used to prevent damage any part of the nail. In this lesson you will be guided about normal and abnormal conditions of the nail,causes,signs and simple treatments. Simple nail irregularities and blemishes can be treated by a cosmetologist or manicurist. However any nail disease which shows signs of infection or imflamation(redness,sweliing or pus) PLEASE seek advice to your physicians dermatologist for proper diagnosis and medical treatment. Below are pictures of common nail diseases and disorders. Nail Diseases and disorders

Eczema Nail Pincer Nail Nail Ridging Pseudomonas White Nail Onycholysis

Ingrown Nail Hematoma Beau's Lines

Clubbing

Digital Cyst

Spoon Nail

Here are kinds of Nail Diseases in which some have home remedies for your information and to help you familiarize each term.

Onychia is an inflammation of the nail folds (surrounding tissue of the nail plate) of the nail with formation of pus and shedding of the nail. Onychocryptosis, commonly known as "ingrown nails" (unguis incarnatus), can affect either the fingers or the toes. In this condition, the nail cuts into one or both sides of the nail bed, resulting in inflammation and possibly infection. The relative rarity of this condition in the fingers suggests that pressure from the ground or shoe against the toe is a prime factor. The best results are achieved by cauterizing the matrix with phenol.

14

Onychodystrophy is a deformation of the nails that can result from cancer chemotherapy which includes bleomycin, hydroxyurea, or 5-fluorouracil. It can include discoloration of the nail, or dyschromia. Onychogryposis, also called "ram's-horn nail", is a thickening and increase in curvature of the nail. It is usually the result of injury to the matrix. It may be partially hereditary and can also occur as a result of long-term neglect. It is most commonly seen in the great toe but may be seen in other toes as well as the fingernails. Onychomycosis in every nail of the right foot. Onycholysis is a loosening of the exposed portion of the nail from the nail bed, usually beginning at the free edge and continuing to the lunula. It is frequently associated with an internal disorder, trauma, infection, nail fungi, allergy to nail enhancement products, or side effects of drugs. Onychomadesis is the separation and falling off of a nail from the nail bed.Common causes include localized infection, minor injury to the matrix bed, or severe systemic illness. It is sometimes a side effect of chemotherapy or x-ray treatments for cancer. A new nail plate will form once the cause of the disease is removed. Word Hunt on Nail Disorders:

Activity 4

Directions: Look for words that are all about Nail disorders on the table below.Write your answers on your notebook. C G P S E U D O M O N D S R D W L H A N G N A I L G U Y T F R E U O V E E G E E P J M T R O R J B B R W H E M A T O M A N T P E B T Y T M A R E N D K Y Y I A N I J H Y D O N Y X O C H N U U N X Y D F N G C F I H K C S I G S G O D Y Q H G L C A O H O O J E R O R E S Q S K R Y P O T R T G H Z L J N I L J O R W N N G Y I X Y K Y S M I M O N Y C H I A S S L C S P O O N N A I L X T W I E H D I G I T A L C Y V T R S R I W H I T E N A I L B Y E Y T A

15

Lesson 3 Manicure

Kind, functions/uses of the Implements,Tools and Materials in Basic

The articles used in manicuring, that are more or less durable or permanent,are referred to as equipment and implements or tools. Materials refer to cosmetics and other supplies that are consumed and therefore must be replaced from one time to time. Equipment are permanent and are durable. Below are samples of each articles in manicuring. Equipment:

Manicure table Patrons chair and manicurists chair or stool Cushion Supply stray for holding cosmetics Finger bowl Container for sanitizing solution Glass container for cosmetics and accessories

16

Implements:

Orangewood Stick Nail file Cuticle pusher cuticle nippers or cuticle scissors nail brush Emery board Nail buffer Fine camels hair brush Tweezers

Cosmetics

Nail cleansers Nail polish remover/ solvent Cuticle oil Cuticle creams Cuticle Softeners Base coat Top coat Nail dryers Hand creams Liquid nail polish/lacquer

Manicures at home can provide great results and be much easier to fit into a busy schedule. The following is a list of supplies that will be necessary to build an athome manicure kit.

Nail Polish Remover: Nail polish remover is needed to remove any leftover polish (even if it is clear or a nail strengthener) or oils (from lotions). It is best to use a professional quality nail polish remover. Nail polish remover is very damaging to the nails so use just what is necessary to remove the old product.
17

Cotton Balls: Cotton balls are needed to use with the nail polish remover, they will absorb the product better than using a tissue. Cotton balls will also be needed when using an orange stick. Wrap a small piece of the cotton ball around the orange stick to push back the cuticles. Nail File: Use a nail file to smooth and shape the nails. Nail files can also be damaging to the nail, especially if used incorrectly. Always go in the same direction when filing, never go back and forth. If nails are really long it is better to cut to the desired length with a nail clipper and then file to smooth Nail Clipper/Nail Scissors: Use a nail clipper if the nail is too long, it is better to cut and smooth than to file a large piece of nail off. There are two different sizes of nail clippers: one for fingernails and one for toenails. Make sure to use the appropriate one. Nail Brush: Use a nail brush to remove any dirt and buildup that is underneath or around the nail. A nail brush is a great manicure tool to keep in the shower for daily maintenance. Orange Stick: An orange stick is used to clean under the nails as well as pushing the cuticle back. The cuticle is an extremely gently piece of skin, push gently back with the flat side of the orange stick. Be careful not to tear or rip. Cuticle Clipper: It is better not to cut the cuticle; cutting can lead to future damage and possibly an infection. However, if the cuticle is sticking out or is tearing, it is better to trim it. Cuticle Oil: A healthy cuticle equals healthy nails. If there are ridges or misshapen nails, it is a definite sign that the cuticle is damaged. A cuticle oil or cream will help prevent damage and heal damage that is already occurred. Just apply once or twice a day and massage in. Nail Polishes: It is fun to stock up on different colors of nail polish. It is also important to have a clear nail polish and a nail strengthener. Because are nails do become damage first coat the nail with a strengthener before applying color nail polish. The strengthener will also serve as a base coat and prevent discoloration. Top with a clear nail polish to protect

This list may seem long so feel free to adjust the manicure supplies. Not everyone uses a nail color or will feel comfortable using a cuticle clipper. Make the adjustments that feel necessary and work with tools you feel comfortable with. Did you enjoy the lesson, and activities provided for you?

18

Activity 5 Muiltiple choice: _______1. to remove any leftover polish Nail polish remover b. Cotton balls c. Cuticle oil _______2. to remove any dirt and buildup that is underneath or around the nail Nail brush b. Nipper c. Cuticle sofeteners d. Clipper _______3. clean under the nails as well as pushing the cuticle back. Nail file b. Nail polishes c. Emery board d. Tweezers _________4.to push back and loosen cuticle. Cuticle pusher b. Nail file c. Orangewood stick d. Buffer _______5. Liquid applied before the nail polish Cuticle softeners b. Base coat c. Top coat d. Abrasive Activity 6. Identify the following implements and materials used in pedicure service: 1.

_____________

4.

_________________

2.

_________________________

5.

_________________

3.

_______________________

6.

____________________

7.

_____________________

Proceed to the next lesson.

19

Lesson 4: Step-by Step Procedure in Basic Manicure Manicure Procedures Things You'll Need

Cotton Swabs Cuticle Creams Hand And Body Lotion Manicure Kits Nail Brushes Nail Buffers Nail Cleaners Nail Clippers Nail Files Nail Polish Remover Nail Polishes Nail Strengthening Polish Hand towels Preparation of the manicuring table

Arrange your files, implements and tools on the table towel on top of your working surface so they are within easy reach. Wash your hands with a mild detergent or hand soap, rinse well and dry thoroughly. Place a small towel on top of the table for placing the hands of your patron.

1. Remove old nail polish thoroughly

2. Soak hands in warm water for 10 or 15 minutes. Dry hands.

20

3. File nails in one direction only. Avoid using a seesaw motion

4. Push back cuticles. Use a cuticle moisturizer if they do not push back easily after soaking.

5. Massage your hands. Use a moisturizing lotion. Use an exfoliating lotion if your skin is dry and/or roughened.

6.Apply a base coat. Allow it to dry.

7..Apply polish. Clean any stray marks with a cotton swab dipped in polish remover. 8.Add a second coat for deeper color

9.Finish the manicure with a top coat of clear polish.

21

Tips & Warnings Put your hands in a basin or sink full of ice-cold water if you need your nails to dry in a hurry. Avoid cutting your cuticles with scissors or nail clippers. Color Application Techniques Nail Polish Preparation Before applying nail polish, roll the bottle well between the palms of your hands as some colors tend to separate or settle. The small stainless steel balls found in the bottom of many bottles help keep the mixture uniform in color and consistency and facilitate smooth application. Before beginning your manicure, make sure that the nails are absolutely clean, dry and free of any oily film. Application Techniques for Nail Color Always protect the nail plate with a base coat, and allow it to set before applying polish. Use long, even strokes when applying polish ; avoid dabbing, The second coat will cover missed areas. Dip brush into polish and wipe off excess on bottle neck.

1. Test consistency of polish on nail tip before beginning. 2. Begin by applying polish down to the center of the nail in one stroke, from base to tip, leaving a small space between polish and cuticle. 3. Apply polish to cuticle base, stopping just short of the cuticle. 6. Lift brush and stroke one side of nail from base to the tip, avoiding the cuticle. 7. Stroke other side of nail from base to tip. If color has touched the cuticle or skin, wait until the polish has dried and remove with a cotton wool wrapped cuticle stick dipped in nail polish remover. 8. To make your manicure last longer, apply top coat or following the final coat of polish and allow to dry thoroughly. An additional coat of applied every second day will extend the life of a manicure.
How to Enhance the Shape of Your Nails

There is no firm rule as to the form nail polish should follow on the nail. The simplest way is to cover the entire nail surface, but this may not best enhance your hands.The important thing to remember is that, whatever shape you choose, the free edge is neat and clean and the cuticles are completely free of polish.
22

Here are some ideas to help you visually improve the shape of nails

Short, square nails Shape: In order that the length of the free edge is not out of proportion, the nail must not be too long. Keep the top fairly straight, slightly rounded at the sides, but be careful not to file too deeply at the edge. Polish: If you are using a colored enamel, leave a narrow strip on either side free to elongate the nail. This will require practice. French Manicure, coloring both upper and under sides of the free edge with and adding a coat of transparent polish, or using one of our French Manicure Kits. Fanned or triangular nails Shape: Following the shape of the fingertip, file the nail into an oval; do not allow it to project far beyond the tip. Polish: Apply with very straight edges, leaving a narrow space between polish and cuticle. Long, almond-shaped nail Shape: This is the ideal nail shape and can be allowed to grow as long as you wish. File into an oval shape, but without a point which is unfashionable and weakens the nail. Polish: The entire nail can be covered with polish, or leave the half moon at the nail base free of polish. This is difficult to do and requires practice. Long, rectangular nail Shape: This nail shape is equally attractive long or short. For a strong look, file the free edge flat across the top leaving the sides straight. Polish: Cover the entire nail with polish, or leave a narrow strip free of polish up each side for dramatic effect. Round nail Shape: This nail is as long as it is wide so let the free edge grow and shape into an oval to elongate the nail. Polish: To make the nail look longer, leave a strip up either side free of color.

23

Step by Step Polishing Procedure 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Apply base coat on free edges Apply base coat on nail plates Apply nail polish on free edges Apply nail polish on nail plates Apply 2nd coat of nail polish on nail plates if needed Apply top coat on free edges Apply top coat on nail plates Wipe off excess nail polish that has gone onto the skin, using an orangewood stick wrapped with cotton wool. 9. Leave nails for at least 30 minutes before touching them.

Okay, youve now finished the best looking simple nails. Now its time to add some spice to your nails to make them look unique!! Activity 7 Arrange the following in chronological order the application of nail polish. Using numbers 1-9 .Copy and answer on your notebook. _______ Wipe off excess nail polish _______ Apply base coat on free edges _______ Apply top coat on nail plates _______ Apply base coat on nail plates _______ Apply nail polish on free edges _______ Leave nails for at least 30 minutes before touching them _______ Apply nail polish on nail plates _______ Apply 2nd coat of nail polish on nail plates if needed _______ Apply top coat on free edges
24

Lesson 5: The Fundamentals of Manicure Design A nail stylist uses various techniques in order to attain the preferred effect. Acrylic nails are stuck on the nails in order to extended them. This works best for people who do not have long nails or chipped nails. The nails can then be polished with any color and smoothened to give it a natural look. Nail art is an imaginative process and people can get their nails painted or stick different gems or water based decals. Hand painted nail art involves painting innovative designs on the nails. Sharp brushes are used in order to paint fine dots. People apply several coats of clear nail polish. After that,they use a toothpick to make stripes or patterns. When the paint is partially dry, people fix hearts or stars on it. Airbrushing involves the use of an air gun that lets out a fine spray. Bridal nail art involves delicate patterns and designs, on a French manicure base. There are nail art galleries that provide a selection of nail designs to choose from. Sometimes they come with easy to follow directions to aid the readers. Some web sites also offer nail art pictures, which are created by nail stylists and are put up at nail art galleries. People can also search for online sites that display such galleries. There are several Basic Designs in Manicure (provide pictures) V-shape Design Halfmoon Design With Tip Design French Tip Design Flower Design There are still many basic designs avaible. I will provide you an illustration of French tip design from simple to complex way of designing. Welcome to... French Manicure What you need are.. .

A piece of Gauze Pre-primer or Nail Polish Remover Base Coat A Base Colour Nail Polish A White Colour Nail Polish Top Coat A Cotton Stick

25

French Manicure Technique - Level 1 - Beginner 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Apply base coat on free edges. Apply base coat on nail plates. Apply pink polish (the base colour) on all nail plates. Apply 2nd coat of pink polish if needed. Apply white polish on tips of all free edges.

6. Place the brush lightly onto the centre of the free edge, creating a square shape using the original shape of the brush.

7. Continuously place the brush in a wide U shape, connecting each square.

8. Continue applying white polish on the rest of your fingernails, and repeat Step 6 and 7 if the 1st coat was too weak. 9. Remove any excess nail polish that has got onto the skin using a cotton stick. 10. Apply top coat lightly to avoid digging the white polish. 11. Leave nails for at least 30 minutes before touching them. Okay, you have now finished the best looking simple nails. Now its time to add some spice to your nails to make them look unique!!
Reminders: You must observe safety rules in manicuring to prevent accidents and injuries to the patron

Activity 8 Go visit any beauty salon who offers manicure services and ask what are the different basic designs they do their customers, and ask the manicurist about the process and delivery of any basic designs. Activity 9 Now you are ready to have samples of the different basic designs you know aside from the designs discussed and presented here.On used plastic spoons apply the principles of manicuring basic design.Mount them on any illustration board and label.

Go to the next lesson.

26

Lesson 6: Fundamentals of Basic Hand Massage

Giving a hand massage during a manicure is a perfect compliment to beautiful nails. It makes the individual feel good receiving the massage,Moreover,it encourages blood circulation and also moisturizes the hand and arm. The following steps will tell you how to give a hand massage during a manicure. How to Give a Hand Massage During a Manicure Instructions 1. Warm the hand lotion you are going to use, This can be done by placing it under a heat lamp a warm pan of water while in a waterproof container. Do not allow the lotion to get hot, simply lukewarm 2. Relax the arms and hands by rubbing the warm lotion on them. This is the first step of the massage. Without relaxation, the massage can be painful and not beneficial. 3. Knead the hands with your fingers and work your way up the arm almost to the elbow. Be sure not to do this too hard but well enough to reach the deep tissues. 4. Squeeze the hands and arms to encourage blood flow throughout the limb. Be sure to spend extra time on the dry skin of the elbows. 5. Rub each finger individually, pulling the blood down toward the end of the finger. Use the same process on the hand, wrist and forearm. 6. End the massage by rubbing the hands and arms with more lotion before your client leaves. Dry their arms from any access water or lotion as well. 7. Discontinue the massage immediately if your client complains of any pain or discomfort during the massage. Activity 10 Ask somebody ,a family member,friend or neighbor to become you patron or client then try to follow the steps in hand massage. Ask you patron or client how do they rate you. Let the comments or suggestions be written on your notebook and have it signed. Lets go to the next phase.
27

Lesson 7

Computing the cost of service

In this lesson, you will be learn how to calculate the cost of your manicuring service. You dont need somebody to do your finances in rendering manicuring services. The following are steps to determine the cost of service rendered: 1. Add all the cost of implements,supplies and tools needed for the manicuring service. 2. Add the operating expenses like transportation ,rental of euipment. 3. Set your percentage of profit whether its 75%,50%, or 30%. 4. After adding the expenses ,operating expenses and the percentage,divided by the number of working days Below is the formula: CS= Total expenses + % of Profit Number of working days Legend: CS- Cost of service OE- Operating Expenses Total expenses includes materials,supplies and tools Activity 11 Compute for the cost of service of Ana .Through the following variables given. a. b. c. d. Tools and Materials Transportation Working days Desired profit - 565.00 - 500.00 - 5 Days - 50%

After the lessons about basic manicuring,you are now going to the third phase of the module. You need now to perform what ever you have learned . Lets proceed to the next phase.

28

DEEPEN Your Understanding

You are now ready to apply the concept and principles underlying the process and delivery of manicure service. There are suggested activities that you need to do. Suggested Activities Activity A Get any of your classmates or any volunteer patrons to whom you can perfom the different basic designs given. a. b. c. d. e. f. Activity B Compute your cost of Service. Activity C Perform basic manicure designs with hand massage to outsiders. You will be rated according to standard rubrics. Activity D Make samples of the new basic designs in manicure. Use plastic spoon labeled and mounted on an illustration board or any hard paper. Activity E. Compare and contrast the different styles and designs in manicure. You have come a long way on Basic Manicure. Are you ready to start a home manicure service? Now is the time. Go to the next phase. V-shape design Halfmoon French design Flowerette Elephant tusk With Tip

29

TRANSFER Your Understanding

You are now ready to become an entrepreneur by undertaking manicuring service. Activity 1 Go to your neighbors,classmates or teachers and offer your manicure service. Show samples of basic design they can choose from.

The learner produces marketable original/new basic designs following the basic concepts and principles underlying the process and delivery in basic manicure.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

Suggested Activities Perform the plain manicure Perform the application of nail polish Perform the shaping of nails Perform the basic design of manicure Perform the hand massage

Suggested Projects 1. Samples of Basic Designs in Manicure 2. Samples of Created designs out of the Basic design 3. Samples of New Designs (Note: samples are on plastic spoons )

Suggested Services 1. Plain manicure 2. Render Basic designing in Manicure 3. Give hand massage after manicure.

30

Technology and Livelihood (TLE) Home Economics

Rubric for Performance
Dimension Highly Skilled 5 1. Use of tools, equipment and materials Approriate selection, preparation and use of materials and tools/ equipment all the time Skilled 4 Appropriate selection, preparation and use of materilas and tools/ equipment most of the time Systematic application of procedures most of the time with minimum supervision Self-motivated and observes most safety precautions most of the time work finished meets deadline Moderately Skilled 3 Appropriate selection, preparation and use of materiald and tools/ equipment some of the time Systematic application of procedures some of the time with constant supervision Self-motivated and observes sometimes some safety precautions Work finished close to deadline Unskilled 2 Never Selects, prpares and use appropriate materials and tools/equipment No Attempt 1 No attempt to use tools/equipment

2. Application of procedure

systematic application of procedures all the time without supervision

Never follows systematic application of procedures and highly development on supervision Needs to be motivated and does not observe safety precaution work finished way beyond deadline

No attempt to apply procedures to project

3. Safety / Work Habits

Higly self-motivated and observes all safety precautions at all times Work finished ahead of time

No motivation and totally disregards precaution

4. Speed / Time

No concept of time

Rubric for Projects

Excellent Dimension 4 3 2 1 Very Good Good Fair

1. Marketability Very functional and very versatile a. Quality Very attractive Affordable b. Appearance Attractive Affordable by some Less attractive Affordable by few Not attractive Not affordable Functional and versatile Less functional and less versatile Not functional and nor versatile

c. Price 2. Originality

a. Color

Very pleasing color combination Very unique and very original

Pleasing color combination

Less pleasing combination

Not pleasing color combination Not unique and not original

Unique and original

Less unique and less original Less indigenous and less innovative

b. Design Very idigenous and very innovative c. Matrials Indigenous and innovative Not indigenous and not innovative

31

Rubric for Evaluation of product

Very Satisfactory (VS) Criteria 3 2 1 Satisfactory (S) Unsatisfactory (US)

Product design if original 1. Design

Product design is common in the market

Product design appears copied and stereotyped

2. Materials

Materials used are always available in the market

Materials used are seldom available in the market

Materials used are not easily available in the market

Products appears original 3. Products

Products appear similat to commercial products

Products appear cl.osely to commercial products

32

Post-Assessment Activity 1 Directions: Choose the letters of your best answer on the given options of each statements. Write your answer on a separate sheet. 1. A manicure is a cosmetic beauty treatment to a. hands c. hands and fingernails b. feet d. all of the above

2. How often should a manicure be given? a. At least once a week c. Every month b. Twice a month d. Everyday

3. Which is not a qualification of a good manicurist? a. Ability to give a good manicure in a systematic and efficient manner b. Ability to care the patrons manicuring problem c. Ability to recognize nail disorders which may be treated ,and diseases that should be referred to a physician d. Ability to buy things beyond her needs 4. The part of nail that lies underneath most of the nail plate and is a continuation of the skin around the nail. a. Nail bed b. Nail plate c. Matrix d. Lunula

5. This shape provides the maximum support for the nail. a. Round b. Square c. Pointed d. Oval

6. These surround and supports the nail plate on all 3 sides. a. Nail folds b. Cuticle c. Nail bed d. Matrix

7. In this condition, the nail cuts into one or both sides of the nail bed, resulting in inflammation and possibly infection. a. Hangnails b. Ingrown nails c. tinea d. Ram horn nail
33

8. This is a kind of nail disorder in which growth of horny epithelium occurs. a. Onychia b. Onychophosis c. Paronychia d. Koilonychia

9. An implement that is use to loosen cuticle a. orangewoodstick b. nail buffer c. Cuticle pusher d. Nail brush

10. It is a liquid product applied before the liquid nail polish a. Top coat b. Nail dryers c. Base coat d. Nail bleaches

11. The first step in doing a manicure is a. shaping nails b. cleaning c. trimming of cuticle d. application of nail polish

12. Which of the given nail designs given below is not a basic design? a. Calalily b. Tip design c. Halfmoon d. French tip with jewels

13. Materials,money,machine are part of the 4Ms of poductionor service, what does the other m stands for? a. Mail b. Man c. Mix d. Manicure

14. Hand massage is given_______ a manicure service a. before b. after c. during d. always

15. The total expenses incurred in doing a manicure service is a. cost sales b. cost of production c. daily sales d. expenses

34

Congratulations! You finished the module. Check your smileys down for rating yourself.

Happy

Sad

Depressed

35

KEY TO CORRECTIONS OF PRE-AND POST ASSESSMENT 1.A 2.A 3.D 4.A 5.B 6.B 7.B 8.B 9.C 10.C 11.A 12.D 13.B 14. B 15.A

36

References ^ CUNY: The History of the Modern World: Imperialism ^ Nails and Beauty Academy

Nail Tech Forums http://www.uspedicurespa.com/blog/12-history-of-pedicures.aspx History of Manicure and Pedicure

Nail Designs 2011

http://www.ladyinfo.com/nail-design-2011/ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ManicureCategoriesNail care

Standard Textbook of Cosmetology : Kibbe, Constance V ... Massage (655314) Massage Girl : Caldwell, John C ... Revision: - (655318) Vision and Revision: Hand ... www.biblioz.com/fi2576656.html -

Include key to correction after post test. Ok. Dr. Belen M. Jamisal 5/25/2011

37