MYSTERIOUS AUSTRALIA

Vol 1. Issue No 4

FEBRUARY 2011

INSIDE:
Another Pre-Aboriginal Australian Australopithicine Skull Identified. Ancient Peruvian Colonists of South Coastal New south Wales. The Gilroys Latest New Zealand Investigations.

Mysterious Australia Newsletter February , 2011

Blue Mountains UFO Research Club. The Club meetings are held on the third Saturday of the month, at the Gilroy residence, 12 Kamillaroi Road, South Katoomba, from 1pm onwards. We are situated on the corner of Kamillaroi Road and Ficus Street, and as we always say, park in Ficus Street where there is safer parking.

Rex and Heather Gilroy, Australias top UFO and Unexplained Mysteries Research team. Photo copyright Rex Gilroy 2004.

ANOTHER PRE-ABORIGINAL AUSTRALIAN AUSTRALOPITHECINE SKULL IDENTIFIED.

By Rex Gilroy Copyright Rex Gilroy 2011.

On Thursday 13th August 2009 Heather and I explored gravel deposits along the Barnard River, inland from Wingham which lies inland from Taree on the New South Wales mid north coast. Our search was for fossil hominin skulls but we did not seem to have any luck. At one point I picked up a red jasper rock with a curious round white crystalline marking and a lengthy thin streak encompassing the stone as well. I causally placed it in my backpack and when we later returned home I placed the rock with other stones in our back room and soon forgot about the lump of jasper. Then, on the night of Saturday 29th January 2011 while rummaging in the back room this unlabelled jasper stone fell out of one of two boxes of stones. Picking it up, this time I realised I was holding a mineralised hominin skull, but could not remember where I found it! The next day having discounted a number of likely jasper-bearing locations, I recalled finding it on the Barnard River at Wingham. I was then able to find the date in an exercise book recording a Phoenicianinscribed stone I had found that day at another location on the same river. This was fortunate indeed, for after a careful study of the specimen, I have concluded it to be an Australopithecine! At first I thought the stone was solid jasper. However, a close examination revealed it to be coated in a red jasper layer up to 5mm in depth, the mineralised skull beneath being black in colour. The specimen measures 17cm in height by 7.5cm length across the cranium, 8cm depth below the eye sockets and 6.5cm in depth in the area of the jaws [which are fused], and 14cm across from the lower jaw base to a point where the rear of the braincase rested in relation to the neck vertebrae. The skull is 11.5cm wide across the facial section. The skull is that of a smallish individual who stood approximately 1.2 to 1.3 metres in height. As the fossil has been subjected to some distortion when the bones were still soft, due to overlying sediment pressure, the zygomatic processes having been crushed are not present, and this was aided by tumbling of the fossil among gravels in the dim past after it had been dislodged from the original stratified burial deposit. The jasper coating of the specimen having been formed by chemical solutions present in the mineral-rich water of this river, an action which alone would have taken at least over a couple of hundred thousand years. The left brow ridge and eye socket area has been crushed and the area coated in the red jasper solution, while the right eye socket is mostly present with a hint of brow ridge, and the small forehead slopes back to a pointed sagittal crest. The rather slender gracile appearance of the skull suggested to me that it was that of a small female, and this was later confirmed by our Narooma area based field assistant, Antji Westrip, who has on previous field searches in the far south coastal New South Wales mountains country been successful in her own right in the search for our fossil ancestors among other things, but more anon.
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The Barnard River skull is an undoubted Australopithecine, and I have tentatively named her Australopithecus barnardii gilroy. She may or may not be of the robust Australopithecine group and a regional variation of Australopithecus australis but this remains to be seen as I will require more skull material, hopefully from the same region, to ascertain this. The skull is certainly of great age. At present I give it an age of around 3.5 million years BP, for it is certainly of late Pliocene age and could even be far older pending a study of its original deposit from where floodwaters dislodged it, not far from where I found it. It is in any case the oldest pre-human fossil skull-type found so far in Australia. Yet it will remain unacceptable to an academic fraternity which still clings desperately to the dying Out of Africa theory, for our modern human origins, and also because the discovery of so ancient a fossil dares to question the nobody before the Aborigines dogma. I shall repeat what I have said in previous published material on the pre-Aboriginal subject, and that is without any bias, that our Aboriginal people are mere late-comers to this continent. The evidence is that, by 3 million years ago and earlier, there were primitive creatures ancestral to ourselves who were able to walk into this continent across a former continuous land-shelf with Asia. So who really was The First Australian? The answer at this stage is, we dont know, but whoever it was, they entered our ancient land in Pliocene times. ***** If the Barnard River skull is a regional variation of Australopithecus australis, it may not be the only such example, for on Thursday 19th July 2007 Antji Westrip and I recovered a mineralised skull-type from the same area as four skull endocasts of a race of ancestral hominins unearthed by me between June 2005 and March 2006, dated from their volcanic ash coating at around 7 million years. The July 2007 skull-type however, closely resembled the Narrow Neck Plateau, Katoomba Australopithecus australis skull found by me on Thursday 6th January 2005. Like the Katoomba cousin, the Bega district specimen has been dated to around 2 million years BP. The ancestral hominins just mentioned, previously named proto-Homo vulcanicus for their proximity to a University vulcanologist-dated plug, have been re-titled proto-Australopithecus gilroyii, for as readers of this newsletter will recall, the former proto-Homo erectus group are actually now known as Australopithecus australis gilroyii. The Australian Australopithicine picture is still being structured as new evidence comes to light, which has included the re-classifying of some of my earlier skull finds, and it is not impossible that apart from modern human-height Australopithecines, there may have been one or more giant Australopithecine forms, as from some very large mineralised Australopithecine-like molar teeth in my possession. Although at this stage none of my giant hominin fossil skulls and endocasts have been linked by me with the Australopithecines and remain giant forms of Homo erectus, it is not impossible that a future giant Australopithecine skull-type might one day be found by me. Beyond Australia no fossil giant hominin skulls or endocasts of such have as yet been discovered by scientists. Yet here in Australia I now possess several! ***** The existence of giant hominins in Pleistocene Australia has long been realised by me through the discovery of huge stone megatools and often massive fossil feet impressions found at various locations around the country as early as 1969. In September of that year I had found a large mineralised lower back premolar of a being that would have stood around 3.66 metres tall at Westmead outside Sydney. It would be the only fossil specimen of a giant hominin in my collection until Wednesday 20th January 2004 when, in the company of the Westrips, Heather and I investigated the Wadbilliga River, deep in the Wadbilliga mountain country west of Narooma. On this occasion, Antji and I became separated from Alan Westrip and Heather while exploring the gravels of the [at that time] dried up river. As we passed a large clump of lime-cemented small gravels Antji asked me Are you going to have a look at that rock? At which I casually replied, Yes on the way back. Youd better, it has two eye sockets, she said. Antji had become the worlds first discoverer of a giant hominin skull-type, in this case an endocast minus much of the rear braincase area, of a being that must have stood well over 3.66 metres and have been of powerful muscular strength. The fossil, now known as Homo antjii in its incomplete form, though crushed somewhat flattish, retains the outline of the lower jaw and measures 33cm in length from the nasal area to the rear of the incomplete braincase, by 33cm in width and up to 18cm in depth in its present state. The fossil dates about 380,000 years BP [Before Present] and has since been joined by two other giant hominin skull endocasts from another location of that river. I have a hunch that this river will one day produce skull material of an
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Mysterious Australia Newsletter February 2011.

Australopithecine, and if so it will always be known that Antji Westrip led the way with her giant endocast. Well done Antji!! If as I suspect that an Australopithecine skull awaits discovery on the banks of the Wadbilliga River, I believe there is a good chance that it will be another Australopithecus Australis relative, but time will tell. At present further fieldwork in the Wingham-Barnard River country is planned, in hope of turning up further skull and of other fossil evidence of Australopithecus barnardii. Our continent undoubtedly still hides many startling fossil finds of our pre-Aboriginal past, and the Gilroys feel privileged to be the founders of this research of an unknown Australian Old Stone-Age past which has for far too long been ignored for the sake of political correctness! -0-

The Barnard River, Wingham NSW jasper-coated skull, right profile. The specimen is believed to be that of a female. Photo copyright Rex Gilroy 2011.

The skull, left profile. Photo copyright Rex Gilroy 2011.

The skull, frontal view. The reconstruction of this fossil reveals a form of Australopithicine, which has been named Australopithecus barnardii gilroy. Photo copyright Rex Gilroy 2011.

Mysterious Australia Newsletter February 2011.

An artists re-construction of African Australopithecine types [from Early Man by F Clark Howell, Time-Life Books USA 1969]. The images give some indication of at least two forms so far identified by the Gilroys researches. For example, the Australopithecus robustus male [far left of picture and female to right] are what the Australian robust Australopithecus australis male and female creatures would have looked like. The female and male creatures to left of picture represent the more slender Australopithecus africanus, and if the Australopithecus barnardii gracile skull turns out to belong to a less muscular [ie non robust] race, then she may have looked something like the female A. africanus depicted here.

Mysterious Australia Newsletter February 2011.

The Australopithecus Australis gilroyii skull lying in situ. The worn down eye sockets have been outlined in chalk. Photo copyright Rex Gilroy 2011. The scene of the discovery of the large hominid skull [Australopithecus australis gilroyii regional variation], in the occasional creek, Bega district NSW. Note 40cm ruler beside the skull lying in situ. Photo copyright Rex Gilroy 2011.

Rex Gilroy examining his important find. Photo copyright Rex Gilroy 2011.

Heather Gilroy, about to prepare a lunch, looks pleased at husband Rexs big find. Photo copyright Rex Gilroy 2011.

Frontal view of the A. australis mineralised skull. Note the remains of massive brow ridges. Photo copyright Rex Gilroy 2011.

Mysterious Australia Newsletter February 2011.

The skull, left profile. Note flat cranium and projecting facial area of this archaic skull-type. Photo copyright Rex Gilroy 2011.

The skull, right profile. Photo copyright Rex Gilroy 2011.

The type specimen of the Katoomba, NSW Australopithecus australis found by Rex on Thursday 6th January, 2005. Now turned to ironstone, besides distortions it bears extensive signs of an earlier period of long-time surface exposure, as shown by excessive, deep pit-marking. The skulls distinctive, though badly worn pointed sagittal crest, distinguishes it from all other Homo skulls found in Australia so far discovered in Australia. The originally doliocephalic braincase was partly crushed flattish due to sediments not having sufficiently filled it to otherwise provide some resistance to distortion in the early stages of burial. This right side view of the skull shows the face projected outwards with the right, badly worn brow ridge having been thick and projecting. Photo copyright Rex Gilroy 2011.

The A. australis skull, frontal view. Note the weathered pointed sagittal crest. A section of the left orbital and cranial frontal area of the left eye socket and brow ridge is missing [the shadow gives the impression of a second brow ridge and socket here]. Although no lower jaw has survived, the dental arch [not visible here] shows faint outlines of several teeth sockets. Note how the right brow ridge projects outward. Outward projecting brow ridges is a feature of robust Australopithecine skull-types from Africa. Photo copyright Rex Gilroy 2011.

The rear of the braincase showing the flattened appearance. When intact, the skull would have been doliocephalic [ie long and narrow]. Photo copyright Rex Gilroy 2011.

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The Bega district A. australis gilroyii skull beside the smaller type specimen of Australopithecus australis gilroyii from Katoomba, NSW. Both skulls display remnant raised sagittal crests, with the eye sockets tending to project outwards from the skull. This is a very primitive feature known to Africas Australopithecines. Photo copyright Rex Gilroy 2011.

The first of the Pliocene proto-Australopithecus gilroyii endocasts discovered at the base of a volcanic plug in the Bega District, far south coastal New South Wales on Monday 13th June 2005 by Rex Gilroy, this little juvenile specimen was recovered from volcanic [mineralised] ash, which has also originally filled the skull cavity to form the endocast, the bones having long ago disintegrated. The fossil was a lucky find, Rex Gilroy chancing to see it exposed from among mineralised ash rubble. The volcanic plug belongs to a group of volcanoes forming the South-Eastern NSW [volcanic] Sequence, all of which were dormant by 7 million years ago. Photo copyright Rex Gilroy 2011.

The Bega, New South Wales district skull endocast, left view. The fossil is evidence that a race of ancestral Australopithecines evolved in Australia from tree-dwelling primates that had to have left the trees up to 2 million years before their African cousins! Photo copyright Rex Gilroy 2011.

The Bega, New South Wales district skull endocast, frontal view. Representative of a proto-Australopithicine species that lived in Australia by at least 7 million years ago! It now bears the scientific name protoAustralopithecus gilroyii. Photo copyright Rex Gilroy 2011.

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A larger adult proto-Australopithecine endocast found by Rex Gilroy on 11th March 2006. The right side of the braincase area is missing. Photo copyright Rex Gilroy 2011. Frontal view of the skull. The 13th June 2005 endocast, that of a juvenile, now becomes the type specimen. Photo copyright Rex Gilroy 2011.

The proto-Australopithecus gilroyii skull, left profile. Note the projecting face and high forehead. Photo copyright Rex Gilroy 2011.

Another proto-Australopithecus gilroyii skull endocast, found at the volcanic plug site on Saturday 4th October 2006. Photo copyright Rex Gilroy 2011

A downview of the adult skull endocast. Note the long, narrow [doliocephalic] brain case. The facial area is at the top of the photo. Photo copyright Rex Gilroy 2011.

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This mineralised [ironstone] lower back premolar tooth of a giant hominid [of at least 3.66m height], was recovered on September 16th 1969 by Rex Gilroy at Westmead in Sydneys west. The tooth is 52mm in length by 36mm width. There has been some distortion in the roots. The fossil dates up to 500,000 years BP. Photo copyright Rex Gilroy 2011.

Downview of the Westmead lower premolar tooth. Length of crown 32mm, width25mm. Photo copyright Rex Gilroy 2011.

The dried up Wadbilliga River, deep in the Wadbilliga wilderness, scene of the discovery of two massive hominid skull endocasts. The first, and most important of these, was found by Antji Westrip and Rex Gilroy on Wednesday 20th January 2004 embedded in sediments to right of picture. The section of riverbank from which the endocast of the giant hominid came. When Photo copyright Rex Gilroy 2011. spotted by Antji, the fossil had recently been exposed from the bank and was lying amid other bank rubble. Photo copyright Rex Gilroy 2011.

Rex holding a second giant hominid endocast found later by him at the same river locality, with Antji Westrip holding the endocast of the first Wadbilliga Man. The Wadbilliga endocast is the first giant hominid skull found anywhere in the world! The Wadbilliga Man [ie skull No 1], dates at least 320,000 years BP, whereas the 2nd endocast came from deposits some distance away at another section of the riverbank which place it at around 380,000 years BP. Despite distortions, the 1st Wadbilliga skull endocast is a flat cranium archaic giant Homo erectus form, whereas the 2nd skull endocast belongs to the late rounded skull form in the same manner as the smaller archaic and late forms of Homo erectus. Photo copyright Rex Gilroy 2011. 10

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Wadbilliga Skull endocast No 1., frontal view. A distinct groove exists where the upper and lower jaws were fused together before the outer skull bones disappeared. Photo copyright Rex Gilroy 2011.

The Wadbilliga Skull endocast No 1., right side. The general colour of the pebble and mudstone making up the fossil, makes it necessary to chalk in details such as the eye sockets, nasal area and the outline of the lower jaw. Photo copyright Rex Gilroy 2011.

Wadbilliga Skull endocast No 1., frontal view from another angle. The rear braincase area is missing. The specimen measures 33cm in available length, by 33cm width across the facial section by 18cm in depth. The eye sockets measure 7cm in length and 6cm in width. The jaw area has been crushed on its right side. Had the endocast been complete and the bones present, it is estimated that a complete skull would have been 37-40cm in length, the hominid standing 12ft [3.66m] in height. Photo copyright Rex Gilroy 2011.

The endocast on the its left side in situ at the time of its discovery. Photo copyright Rex Gilroy 2011.

Heather Gilroy studying the Wadbilliga Man skull endocast No 1. Photo copyright Rex Gilroy 2011. Rear view of the endocast. Note the large pebbles that had become wedged inside the skull before the specimen mineralised, although the bones fell away. Photo copyright Rex Gilroy 2011. 11

Mysterious Australia Newsletter February 2011.

Copyright Rex Gilroy 2006.

The giant Wadbilliga endocast as a skull [black] in comparison with an average size Homo erectus skull. Sketch copyright Rex Gilroy 2011. The second giant hominid endocast fossil skull type, recovered over 30 metres from the site of the first giant hominid skull endocast find. This right side view shows a receding forehead, a large nasal area and enormous eye sockets. Much of the rear braincase area is missing, although reconstruction suggests that the original skull was doliocephalic, suggesting the individual to have been a late giant form of Homo erectus! Photo copyright Rex Gilroy 2011.

The second giant hominid endocast fossil skull type, frontal view. The fossil measures 33cm width across the facial section by 27cm in depth. The nasal area measures 16cm in length by 11cm in width, and from the nasal area to the rear of the available fossil material the skull is 28cm in length. Adding about 8cm depth for the missing lower jaw, a complete depth of 35cm would have been reached. The massive eye sockets are 12cm wide by 11cm high. Photo copyright Rex Gilroy 2011.

Copyright Rex Gilroy 2006.

The second giant hominid endocast fossil skull type, left profile. With the missing lower jaw intact and the actual skull bones present, this head would have been of monstrous size. Photo copyright Rex Gilroy 2011. 12

Aboriginal traditions Australia-wide, together with massive fossil hominid footprints, suggest that giant hominids of more than one form roamed this continent; many as tall as three times the height of an Aboriginal, according to their folklore. And then there were the gargantuans Sketch copyright Rex Gilroy 2011.

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ANCIENT PERUVIAN COLONISTS OF SOUTH COASTAL NEW SOUTH WALES.

By Rex Gilroy. Copyright Rex Gilroy 2011.

Over the past year readers have seen the Gilroys report of our discovery of a crumbling Mayan pyramid with associated weathered rock inscriptions at a remote Hunter Valley location dating back to the golden age of Mayan culture between 250 AD and 900 AD, during which time they made large balsa wood sailed raft expeditions into the Pacific Ocean on expeditions which carried them to New Zealand and Australia among other lands. Our first major discovery concerning Amerindian voyages to Australia was the Cooktown, far North Queensland Mayan colony, from which I have gathered eight crates of stone images. This major discovery, together with the Bribie Island Peruvian miniatures [ie small stone head engravings] and other odd finds of Peruvian landfalls along the Queensland coast, leave little doubt in our minds that south American traditions of the great lost paradise land across the western ocean [where a great red rock marked the worlds centre], were based upon the accounts of returning mariners that had reached and explored this land. Now a new find has been added to this list of cultures, in the form of a Chimu pottery head once used to burn incense, its open mouth, eyes, ears and two tube-like head appendages allowing the smoke to escape. The clay from which the head is made is believed to be local. The head is ceremonial and from the reversed crescent moon-shaped eyes and upright crescent moon-shaped mouth it is possible that the relic is a Moon-worship object. Measuring 36cm tall by 36cm wide, the pottery head was discovered by me in two fragments, halfburied in rainforest soil, late on the afternoon of Wednesday 12th January 2011, on the edge of what was once a now dried up inlet of the coastal town of Narooma. On a previous visit to Narooma Heather and I searched forestland in the mountains behind the town and uncovered mysterious stone ruins. As this find was made too late in the day to carry out measurements and a more detailed search, I now intend returning there to see what other remains might yet lie in that forest. I shall also search for more possible evidence about the area of the pottery head. Comparison between the Narooma pottery head with other similar examples found in the Americas shows it to compare with certain ceremonial clay heads of the Chimu culture around 1000 AD, when its people constructing a capital city at Chan Chan, where it is estimated that anything up to 100,000 inhabitants resided prior to the civilisations spread into the Andes under the ruler Nancen Pinco after 1370, only to be conquered by the Incas around 1470. Just how many Chimu culture Amerindians once occupied the Narooma colony is uncertain for now, but it had to have been one of reasonable enough size if the mystery ruins found by us in the mountains hereabouts belong to this people, and they would certainly have had their women with them. Was there any cultural influence upon the local Aboriginal population? This is debateable, although the former tribespeople of the Narooma inlet foreshores once regularly performed a full moon corroboree to celebrate the Moon reaching its fullness. This celebration is thought by some to possess Amerindian features. -0-

The site in a patch of dense rainforest where the Chimu pottery ceremonial head was recovered. The relic was found in two pieces, half buried in the soil of an animal trail. Photo copyright Rex Gilroy 2011.

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The head, after its removal from the forest soil. Photo copyright t Rex Gilroy 2011.

Rear view of the head. Photo copyright Rex Gilroy 2011.

Frontal view of the head. Note missing triangular section left of mouth. Photo copyright t Rex Gilroy 2011.

In August 2005 the Gilroys searched a remote beachfront area near Clairview, Queensland, where, besides the remains of ancient stoneworks found in the scrub, this Peruvian-style head image was recovered. It measures 19cm tall by 12.5cm wide and 9cm deep. Photo copyright Rex Gilroy 2011. 14

Peruvians on Bribie Island? Evidence of ancient Peruvian settlement of this island, off the coast of Brisbane, south-east Queensland, came to light through the fieldwork of the Gilroys, when in August 2005 they turned up six small Peruvian stone images in scrub on a saltwater creek. The largest was a head in two pieces recovered from sand, which was glued together. It measures 8cm tall by 5.7cm wide and 4.2cm deep. Photo copyright Rex Gilroy 2011.

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This image is 4.3cm tall by 3.5cm wide and 2.3cm deep. Photo copyright Rex Gilroy 2011.

The larger head image in close-up. At some stage it had been burnt, as the burn stain on much of the relic shows. Photo copyright Rex Gilroy 2011.

This small stone face measures 5cm tall by 3.6cm wide and 2.2cm deep. Photo copyright Rex Gilroy 2011.

This pebble face is 3.5cm tall by 3.2cm wide and 1.9cm deep. Photo copyright Rex Gilroy 2011.

Another tiny pebble face. It measures 3.2cm tall by 2.7cm wide and 1.3cm deep. Photo copyright Rex Gilroy 2011.

The most interesting of all the images is this little Mother-Goddess, her hands holding her breasts. It measures 3.9cm tall by 2.5cm wide and 1.7cm deep. Photo copyright Rex Gilroy 2011.

Adam Mulquin (3) and his brother Gregory (7) play with a mystery head carving, found by residents clearing bushland at Leumeah, in Sydneys south-west in August 1977. The massive stone head carving resembles some Olmec stone heads from the Gulf of Mexico, dating between 1200 and 400 BC. Is this relic evidence of Amerindian cross-Pacific voyages to Australia? Photo from The Sun newspaper Wednesday 24/8/77. 15

Mysterious Australia Newsletter February 2011.

THE GILROYS LATEST NEW ZEALAND INVESTIGATIONS.

By Rex Gilroy Copyright Rex Gilroy 2011.

Plans are now under way for Heather and I to return to New Zealand later in 2011, to carry out investigations into pre-Polynesian colonists of this land, including further evidence of the Uru. We will particularly seek out evidence of New Zealands unknown Old Stone-Age past for further evidence of Homo erectus. We will in particular be searching for evidence of that mysterious race of tool-making living Homo erectus-type beings, the Moehau, New Zealands answer to Australias Yowie and the American Bigfoot. Aside from our relict hominological pursuits we will seek out those ancient cryptozoological subjects, the plesiosaur-type sea creatures seen around the coasts of North and South Islands, and living moas, the results of this big investigation will be used in at least six books on New Zealand mysteries planned for publication by the Gilroys. ***** Our March-April 2007 investigation was cut short in the north of South Island when we discovered our money had been stolen [a credit card scam traced to an Asian-owned motel in Auckland on our first night there]. However, finds were made in the North Island which included 3,000 year old bronze-Age Celtic ruins and rock inscriptions in the KeriKeri district, Celtic rock script at Danevirke, and Ptolemaic era EgyptoLibyan rock script at New Plymouth. On a night time Skywatch at KeriKeri I recorded two UFO sightings in the eastern sky and one in the west around 1-2am. Thanks to the kind assistance of Prudence Buttery of Christchurch, two members of her UFO research club were organised to take care of us after we were just able to make it from Blenheim [where the theft was discovered at an ATM the money had been removed gradually] to Kaiapoi outside Christchurch in our hire car with a tank of petrol. At Kaiapoi our carers were brother and sister, Adrian Cooper and Antionette, whose kindness we shall always remember. Thanks to them we were able to visit Castle Rock where I discovered an ancient Uruan temple literally covered in rock script. After a talk to the UFO Club [which had been planned before we left Australia] we were accompanied to the airport by Adrian and Antionette. Our great disappointment will now be made up for by our forthcoming return expedition and all our Christchurch friends can expect to see us. ***** On our previous visit I had incredible luck in finding three weathered large moa tracks in the TeUrewera forest country, and on a night time investigation, alone up a mountainside track, saw a tall dark shadowy figure moving through the full moon lit forest in my direction as I sat silently. The form looked to be that of an extinct giant moa [Dinornis giganteus]. I had my camera ready, but as the creature was some 15 metres away my flash would not have picked it up. In any case it turned and moved away. All the time it had been emitting a loud hump; hump; hump sound ending in a strange squeal [heard by Heather from the car on a dirt track below the mountain]. I was not going to give chase in the dim light, very likely tripping over moss-covered logs and vines, so I just sat and peered into the darkness. What I believe I saw was a creature up to 3 metres tall. Had we been able to carry out our original plans we would have searched eight areas in the South Island, principally in the Fiordland forests, where giant-size and smaller extinct moas have been claimed seen over many years. Having already seen this country we can fully appreciate the claims that anything could live in those inaccessible wilds free of human interference. During our 2001 search I recovered little scrub moa tracks which we cast, deep in the TeUrewera forests [Ureaptrix curtus] so we are certain that this 1 metre or so tall flightless bird still survives. On our 2011 search we intend to seek out evidence of little scrub moas in the Southland forests, especially in Fiordlands. However, the media will as usual want to accompany us and this is always a BIG NO,NO, as they cannot be trusted to keep a locality secret. We wish only to find any tracks and other evidence of living creatures, photograph one if extremely lucky, and leave them alone to breed up in peace. ***** What fascinates me most about New Zealand is that, despite the isolation, there is fossil and other evidence of primitive hominins of undoubted Homo erectus identity having inhabited both main islands in the Pleistocene period. The only way these hominins, or any others in pre-Polynesian Pleistocene times could have reached this then-united landmass, was by a great land shelf that once linked New Zealand to New Guinea-Australia, which in turn were linked by a vast land-shelf to mainland Asia. The discovery of Australopithecines in
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Australia now shows this to have been the only possible way for these African emigrants to have entered Australia in the earlier Pliocene period, well over 3 million years ago! The thought naturally arises; if Australopithecines could walk into Australia, what then was to have prevented then, like later Homo erectus, from walking into New Zealand. All that is needed is a fossil skull to prove it. Perhaps the Gilroy will one day fill this gap! On previous field investigations Heather and I have found crude stone eoliths at Ross [South Island] which if the text books covering the Ross Glaciation period stratas in which these tools were found are correct, should make them no later than around 1,88,000 years BP [Before Present] in age [some authorities push the glaciation back to 2 million years BP]. For now we regard our finds as evidence of archaic Homo erectus presence in New Zealand. Another ancient stratigraphy in New Zealand geological chronology is the Porika Glaciation, which dates back some 555,000 years BP. Extensive examples of the debris left by this glacial period occur in the Lake TeAnau district, and on previous visits here, I have recovered crude eolithic implements paralleling Homo erectus tools found in Australia, from the TeAnau Downs area, dating back 555,000 years BP. Aside from tools there are feet impressions of average size hominins preserved in volcanic mud and ash flows dating back hundreds of thousands, even a million years and perhaps more, at volcanic sites throughout the North Island. I have discovered them near Thames and on the Karangahake River, while in the Coromandel Range on Monday 17th September 2001 I uncovered from Pleistocene deposits two skulls, one an archaic flat-craniumed endocast specimen with no facial features preserved and another actual skull of archaic Homo sapien appearance with remnant Homo erectus features from the same strata. These limestone mineralised specimens by Australian standards would have to date back 300,000 perhaps 350,000 years BP. This places them in the period of the Waimaunga Glacial era. The flattish cranium specimen gave the appearance of an archaic Homo erectus. This suggested that Homo erectines had occupied the region long enough for them to evolve gradually into archaic Homo sapiens. If this is the case, and it appears so, then modern humans evolved independently in New Zealand long before Polynesian arrival a mere 1,000 or so years ago! Having finally assessed all the evidence from this site on the Tairua River, I tentatively name him Homo erectus tairuaensis, and the archaic Homo sapien Homo Coromandelensis. Two more skull-types, were recovered from two rivers in TeUrewera National Park, on Thursday 20th March 2008. One was a small limestone mineralised endocast skull from the bank stratas of the Hepurahine River. An undoubted juvenile, reconstruction showed it to display Homo erectus features with its doliocephalic skull shape [ie long and narrow]. Its poor state of preservation aside, on various grounds it has been placed at around 350,000-400,000 years BP., which could make it the oldest hominin skull found in New Zealand at present. The second skull, a basalt-like mineralised endocast, named Homo whakateneii after the river in which it was found among gravels on the surface of a dry section of bed, displays brachiocephalic skull features [ie round]. Initially I gave it an age of around 500,000 years BP but am now prepared to drop this estimate to that of its Coromandel archaic Homo sapien counterpart but it may be a little older. Further skull-types will be needed, but it is already clear Homo erectus was established in New Zealand at an early period in the Pleistocene. More skull-types for comparative studies will, I believe, really push back the age of Man in old Aotearoa, even if the conservative university scientists still wish to stick to the traditional nobody before the Maoris view! ***** Recently-manufactured stone tools of Homo erectus type occur in the Fiordlands National Park and other wilderness regions of the South Island. They have been found in the Coromandel scrub and TeUrewera wilds. There is but one explanation, they are the work of living Homo erectus, now-a-days nick-named the Coromandel Man or better still, the Moehau. Males, females and their children are regularly claimed seen in both the main islands, and particularly in the South Island, so that New Zealands Yowie is a living tradition which the Gilroys will be hot on the trail of as soon as we set foot in Kiwiland! The evidence for the Moehau strikingly parallels that for Australias Yowie, a tool-making, fire-making hominin. However, lately in Australia the fossil skulls supporting an Australopithecine presence as early as mid-Pliocene times to around 1 million years ago in the Pleistocene, could suggest that some still linger to explain sightings of a non-tool making herbivorous/insectivorous race, long-haired and more ape-like than Homo erectus, known not only to our Aborigines but also to early 19th century settlers. They are still claimed to exist in remote eastern Australian mountain country.
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The earliest accounts of Moehau hominis come from the Moriori and later Maori colonists, with the earliest known European settler accounts dating as far back as the 1830s at our present knowledge. In 1904 Edward Tregear wrote of these beings in his book The Maori Race [1904], describing them as hairy wild creatures of the wood. They lived, he said, amid the trees of the forest, carrying off women and children. The hair was the head hair, which grew long on them no barbers around then! so that they used stone knives to cut it when needed. These beings have other names in Maoridom and are believed to still exist in the forests eastwards of Lake Taupo [ie the Kaimanawa forest country] into the Ureweras. On Sunday 30th March 2008 I discovered apparent Moehau footprints in Waipoua forest and made a cast of the best of the otherwise three weathered tacks, having been made about 2-3 days before. Others have been found by Moehau investigators in the South Island forests where we will be heading later this year. ***** In April 2002 in scrub outside Mahakirau a lone tramper, Tom Donaldson, came across two sets of tracks on a sandy creek edge. The feet impressions were up to 40cm in one set and the other about 30cm length and both were very broad he said. At Opito off the Mercury Islands in 2003, there were several reports of five or six male and female beings, seen on and off in the district by property owners and campers. During November two females garbed in cow hides, were seen gathering shellfish on a remote rocky shore at Waitaia Bay by a tourist family, and in another incident two children, a boy and a girl, walking on a bush track near their parents home outside Opito one morning in August 2000, were frightened by what they said later was a big, long, darkhaired man clothed in a cow skin. His bare, dirty feet were very big and he was 6 or 7 feet tall. The man-beast looked menacingly at them as they ran away screaming, but he did not follow them. Their father, once alerted, searched the track and some of the bush but the man-giant was gone. Sightings reports of the Moehau hominins read like Yowie sightings reports, and there can be no doubt in our minds that the Yowie and Moehau are one-and-the-same Homo erectus. We eagerly await our chance to once more go in search of the Kiwi Yowie. There are individuals out there who would say that the Gilroys are wasting their time looking for creatures and hominins that just cant possibly exist; and then there are others who envy us, who realised there still remain secretive, extinct or as yet unknown animals and beings out there in inaccessible wilds just waiting to be discovered and recognised, and that through our efforts to uncover so many mysteries, we are showing thinking laypeople like ourselves, that there are yet so many remote regions in the Australian, New Zealand or any other wilderness areas worldwide, where any mystery creatures could still exist; where mystery ruins speak of civilisations lost in time yet rediscovered through our efforts, or a lost of hidden history revealed by us. We are fortunate indeed to have been chosen by providence to be the prophets of the new, coming age of acceptance of these unknown wonders of our hidden history and cryptozoological mysteries for too long overlooked by conservative academia. We live a life that others often can only dream about! -0Eric a completely opalised skeleton, which together with other marine fossil life forms being recovered from White Cliffs, Lightning Ridge New South Wales and Coober Pedy, demonstrates that the Australian interior was a vast inland sea during the Cretaceous period [ie around 150 to 65 million years BP]. Photo by Rex Gilroy 2011.

Copyright Rex Gilroy 2006.

Rex Gilroys sketch of a Plesiosaur in comparison to a human figure. Sketch copyright Rex Gilroy 2011.

Copyright Rex Gilroy 2011.

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Lake Taupo, central North Island, New Zealand. The Lake is a huge volcanic crater, formed by a mighty eruption that occurred about 200AD. The Lake is fed by streams and rivers, and at some time prior to further disturbances which altered the landscape, there was a waterway connecting the lake to the west coast, which allowed, it would appear, plesiosaur-type marine reptiles to penetrate inland to this extremely deep lake, to explain persistent claims of longneck sightings here. Photo copyright Rex Gilroy 2011.

Rex Gilroy scans Lake Taupo in New Zealands North Island, on the afternoon of Friday 18th July 1980. About an hour later at 4.30pm at another location at the lakes southern end, he saw and photographed a long, dark shape moving just below the surface. Photo copyright Rex Gilroy 2011.

The long, dark shape [approximately 16ft (4.88m) in length] photographed by Rex Gilroy 300m offshore from the southern corner of Lake Taupo as it swam on a north-east course out of sight across the lake.[The creature appears as a dark streak in the centre of picture]. Photo copyright Rex Gilroy 2011.

The strange rotting carcase of a large creature, caught in the trawling net of the vessel Zuiyo-maru, on 25thApril 1977 in the ocean east of Christchurch. Tissue samples were saved for scientists, and a sketch was done of the remains by a crew member, before the carcase was dropped back into the sea, for fear the rotting specimen would taint their catch. The crew believed the carcase was that of a plesiosaur-type sea monster, despite later efforts by university zoologists to dismiss the remains as a species of shark! Photo The Christchurch Star, Christchurch, New Zealand.

The sketch done by a crew member of the mystery carcase, which he measured at 10,000mm length. Its plesiosaur features continue to cause argument among researchers. Photo The Christchurch Star, Christchurch, New Zealand.

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Heather Gilroy with a display of reconstructed moas in Auckland War Memorial Museum. Eleven species have been identified from sub-fossil remains in both North and South Islands. Photo by Rex Gilroy 2011.

Set of moa leg bones from the smallest to largest species displayed in Auckland War Memorial Museum. The largest bone in the foreground belonged to a full-grown Giant Moa, Dinornis giganteus. Photo by Rex Gilroy 2011.

Set of skulls of four moa species in Auckland War Memorial Museum. Note gizzard stones [water-smoothed pebbles swallowed to help the birds digestion of food] to right of skull and Maori jewellery made from moa bones. Photo by Rex Gilroy 2011.

Skull of a large moa. The largest species, Dinornis giganteus, officially stood 3m tall, although there are claims for individuals approaching 4m tall! Sketch Canterbury Museum, Christchurch, New Zealand.

Reconstruction of the Giant Moa, Dinornis giganteus [emu feathers used in reconstruction], which grew up to 4m tall. It is displayed in Auckland War Memorial Museum. Photo by Rex Gilroy 2011.

The Giant Moa, Dinornis giganteus, a resin and emu feathers reconstruction the largest of the Moa species. Despite the arguments of scientists that the species is totally extinct, there are reliable sightings claims of this species from remote Fiordland locations of New Zealands South Island. Photo Auckland War Memorial Museum.

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In this imaginary scene, two browsing Giant Moas [Dinornis giganteus] stand in the Eglinton Valley grassland east of Milford Sound, in New Zealands South Island. In the background flows the Eglinton River at the base of the forest-covered imposing Earl Mountains. Dinornis giganteus, which reached over 12ft [3.66m] in height, is claimed by New Zealand palaeontologists to have become extinct together with other moa species long before the advent of European colonisation; despite generations of sightings claims and close encounter reports from widely-scattered, remote mountainous forestland localities. One of these localities is the Eglinton Valley. Hereabouts, in the Knobs Flat and Cascade Creek areas, and on the western side of the Eglinton River in the Earl Mountains forests, there have been sightings of both the Little Bush Moa and also the Giant Moa, as well as fresh tracks of these birds on numerous occasions since the 20th century, and such incidents continue today. Photo reconstruction by Heather Gilroy 2011.

On Saturday 11th March 2000, during a search in Karangahake Gorge, inland from the Bay of Plenty east costal North Island, Rex Gilroy made the chance discovery of a distorted, mineralised [silica] Moa skull displaying both beaks. The fossil is at least 2 million years old. The specimen came from dawn Pleistocene deposits in the bank of the Ohinemuri River which flows through the gorge. Photo copyright Rex Gilroy 2011. Reconstruction from resin and emu feathers of the second largest known moa, Dinornis novaezealandiae. Photo Auckland War Memorial Museum, New Zealand.

A reconstructed skeleton of the Adzebill in Auckland War Memorial Museum. A flightless, ground-dwelling bird of moalike appearance, it is claimed to be extinct by New Zealand scientists despite sightings claims of birds answering to this species description in remote Fiordland regions of the South Island. Photo by Rex Gilroy 2011.

Rock drawing of a moa from South Canterbury, done by Maori moa hunters more than 500 years ago. Sketch Canterbury Museum, Christchurch New Zealand. 21

Mysterious Australia Newsletter February 2011.

Reconstructed skeleton of a female Little Bush Moa, Euryapteryx curtus, displayed in Auckland War Memorial Museum. Photo by Rex Gilroy 2011.

Artists impression of the Little Bush Moa. Officially extinct at least 600 years, the Gilroys have found evidence of a colony of these birds deep in the TeUrewera National Park, North Island in New Zealand. Sketch Auckland War Memorial Museum, New Zealand.

Skeleton of the Little Bush Moa, Anomalopteryx didiformis. Note the birds stance, with the neck bent low in the manner of the emu and other Ratites. The head was only raised when feeding upon foliage. Sketch

This fossilised moa foot impression, displayed in Auckland War Memorial Museum, closely resembles the recently-made Little Bush Moa tracks found in the Urewera National Park, North Island, by Rex and Heather Gilroy. Photo by Rex Gilroy 2006.

The wilderness of the TeUrewera National park, inland from Napier [east coastal North Island], where the Gilroys have found evidence of a Little Bush Moa colony. Photo copyright Rex Gilroy 2011. 22

Mysterious Australia Newsletter February 2011.

The TeUrewera forests, in the vicinity of the discovery of Little Bush Moa tracks near a suspected colony location, found by Rex and Heather Gilroy. Photo copyright Rex Gilroy 2011.

Rex Gilroy on the lookout for living moas deep in the TeUrewera National Park. Photo copyright Rex Gilroy 2011.

Heather Gilroy scans a nearby forest-covered ridge for a sign of moa activity, deep in the TeUrewera National Park, September 2001. Photo copyright Rex Gilroy 2011.

Heather points to scratch marks on an embankment on the side of an old disused forest tack. Soon after this picture was taken, a single female Little Bush Moa foot impression was discovered to the left of where she stands. A search of the forest near the embankment scratch marks resulted in the discovery of a number of Little Bush Moa footprints. Photo copyright Rex Gilroy 2011.

Detail shot of the female foot impression of a Little Bush Moa discovered on the dirt track to the left of the embankment scratch marks. Photo copyright Rex Gilroy 2011.

The area in which the Gilroys discovered recently-made track impressions of the Little Bush Moas. While many were too indistinct to prepare plaster casts from, several good specimens were found for this purpose. Photo copyright Rex Gilroy 2011. The embankment scratch marks in detail. The birds regularly use this same spot to visit the forest in search of food. Photo copyright Rex Gilroy 2011.

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Several indistinct footprints found in the forest floor at the Little Bush Moa site. Photo copyright Rex Gilroy 2011.

Close-up of one of the tracks. Photo copyright Rex Gilroy 2011.

The moa nesting site in a large, hollow, rotting kauri tree trunk found by Rex Gilroy in the TeUrewera National Park. Photo copyright Rex Gilroy 2011.

Two of the cast Little Bush Moa tracks are of male and female impressions. The largest is that of the female, being 24cm in length by 17.5cm in width, the smaller male track is 14cm in length by 13.5cm in width. Photo copyright Rex Gilroy 2011. Rex Gilroy holding the male and female footprint casts. Working from skeletal remains, scientists have estimated that the female Little Bush Moa reached a height of about 1.3m, whereas the male was about 90cm in height. Photo copyright Rex Gilroy 2011.

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Wild forest country west of Rotorua where night time encounters by motorists with Little Bush Moas on the roadside have been claimed on and off for many years. Photo copyright Rex Gilroy 2011.

The Coromandel Peninsula country is still believed to be a habitat of surviving Little Bush Moas. Photo copyright Rex Gilroy 2011.

The country between Picton and Blenheim, north-eastern South Island. Claims of sightings by fishermen and gold prospectors, of both the Little Bush Moa and also a larger form, have been going on for generations in this region. In June 1980 An 8ft tall, mottlecoloured moa was described by a motorist, Mr Bill Price, as having stood on the roadside in open ground on the bank of the Wairau River as he drove along Highway 63 toward St Arnaud. As he pulled up to have a look, the great bird bounded off into nearby scrub. Photo copyright Rex Gilroy 2011.

The eerie forestlands around Lake Rotoiti have been the scene of moa encounters by trampers on and off over many years. A 3m tall Giant Moa [Dinornis giganteus] was claimed seen in this area in November 1994. Photo copyright Rex Gilroy 2011.

The Haast River, which flows into the west coast, as seen from the road on the way to the Haast Pass. Fishermen, trampers and sight-seeing tourists have claimed to have seen moas of varying heights hereabouts, particularly along the shore of the north side of the river going back many years. Photo copyright Rex Gilroy 2011.

Rex Gilroy, filming forest-covered mountaintops with his Super 8mm movie camera, at Franz Josef Glacier. Part of the Westland National Park, the wilderness encroaching upon this glacier has a long history of moa encounters. Photo copyright Rex Gilroy 2011.

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The forest covering the steep mountainsides of the Fox Glacier, further south of Franz Josef Glacier. Here is another rugged, inaccessible region with a long history of moa sightings. Large moa tracks were found hereabouts in December 1953 by two trampers, who returned in haste to civilisation to obtain casting plaster to make copies of the tracks. However, bad weather set in and destroyed them by the time the men returned the following day! Photo copyright Rex Gilroy 2011.

High mountains overlook the west coast on the way south from Fox Glacier. There are farmers and trampers who have penetrated these vast forests and who claim that a large species of moa [D. giganteus or D. novaezealandiae, or both?] inhabits these wilds. Photo copyright Rex Gilroy 2011.

Scenery on the way into Franz Josef glacier, from the west coast of South Island. Many reports have come from the Waiho River [shown here] periodically over the years. In January 1994 a 7 to 8ft tall moa was seen by trampers in wet weather as it fed upon foliage at the rivers edge. When the two trampers concerned attempted to get closer, the giant bird quickly vanished into the forest. Photo copyright Rex Gilroy 2011.

The moas shared New Zealand with a variety of other now extinct birds. Shown here is a giant eagle [Harpagrnis moorei] attacking two moas. This 3 metre wingspan eagle was the only real threat to the moas in Pleistocene New Zealand.

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The great Pliocene-Pleistocene land shelf which formerly linked New Guinea and Australia to mainland Asia, also extended from New Guinea to New Zealand, thus enabling primitive Stone-Age races to enter AustraliaNew Zealand 2 to 4 million or more years ago! Sketch copyright Rex Gilroy 2011.

Dense forest terrain bordering the wild Haast River, Haast Pass, South Island New Zealand. Hereabouts Moehau sightings have been known since early 19th century European settlement times. Photo copyright Rex Gilroy 2011.

On Monday 10th June 1996 the Gilroys discovered another ancient roadside bank north of Te Anau, containing traces of Stone-Age hominid occupation. The site overlooks the vast Te Anau Downs, a former glacial flow that dried up around 10,000 years ago. The strata from which a number of crude Eolithic pebble tools came from dates to the Porika glaciation period, making them around half a million years old. Their Homo erectus origin cannot be doubted. Photo copyright Rex Gilroy 2011.

Further along the same road, during the Gilroys September 2001 New Zealand search, they uncovered a second roadside bank exposed occupation deposit, on Tuesday 25th September. The crude Eolithic tools recovered here by Rex Gilroy were from an earlier deposit, which could give them an age of up to 555,000 years BP. Photo copyright Rex Gilroy 2011.

In 1996 Rex and Heather Gilroy discovered crude Homo erectustype stone tools in Ice-Age deposits at a site outside Ross, on the west coast of South Island. The tools were excavated in stratas dating between the 3rd and 4th Inter-glacial Periods, ie 500,000400,000 years ago! Rex Gilroy is shown measuring a section of the site. Photo copyright Rex Gilroy 2011.

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One of a number of recently-manufactured stone tools of Homo erectus-type, recovered by Rex Gilroy at Milford Sound, South Island New Zealand. A small chopping tool, it resembles others found at recent Yowie/Homo erectus campsites in remote areas of eastern Australia, as well as ancient Homo erectus sites across the continent. Photo copyright Rex Gilroy 2011.

In September 1998 Rex and Heather Gilroy uncovered a primitive tool culture of Homo erectus-style tools near Mt Tongariro, North Island, dating to the 7th Glacial Period, around 150,000 years BP. Photo copyright Rex Gilroy 2011.

On Tuesday 14th March 2000 Rex and Heather Gilroy made a major discovery in Karangahake Gorge west of Waihi, at the base of the Coromandel Peninsula., during their 2000 North Island investigation, when they uncovered three fossil hominid footprints preserved on silica rocks, on the edge of the Ohinemuri River. One of these fossil feet was that of a giant who would have stood up to 3m tall. The giant [right] foot measures 46cm in length by 29.5cm in width across the toes, 21cm at mid-foot and 24cm across the heel by 4cm in depth. The giant track was embedded in a single massive rock . Immediately to its left was another containing a single modern human-like footprint, and a third track was afterwards discovered on a smaller rock between the giant footprint rock and the river bank. Photo copyright Rex Gilroy 2011.

The second footprint discovered, the modern human size impression on the other large rock, measured 20.5cm in length by 9cm across the toes, 7.6cm at mid-foot and 7cm across the heel. It was embedded 5cm deep in the rock. The impression is that of a right foot. Photo copyright Rex Gilroy 2011.

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The last [modern] human size fossil footprint to be found, on the rock close to the river bank measured 20cm in length by 8cm across the toes, 8cm at mid-foot and 7cm across the heel. This one also was a right foot impression, 5.5cm in depth. Photo copyright Rex Gilroy 2011.

During the Gilroys September 2001 return to New Zealand, when revisiting Karangahake gorge, which was formed by volcanic upheavals in the dim past the river was in flood on the afternoon of Monday 17th September, when Rex climbed down a steep bank onto a rock shoal about 1km downriver from the first footprint fossil site, to discover a single foot impression, 22cm in length by 9.5cm width at the toes, 9.5cm across the mid-foot and 8cm across the heel. It was 2.5cm deep in the rock. Photo copyright Rex Gilroy 2011.

Next to the fossil footprints, the most exciting discovery of the Gilroys to date, has been the recovery of three fossil hominid skull-types, from a remote Pleistocene bank site of the Tairoa River, deep in the Coromandel Range of the North Island. This event took place on Tuesday 15th September 2001 when, while exploring along the rubble-strewn shoreline, Rex observed among some freshly deposited rubble fallen away from the base strata of the bank, a very ancient mineralised hominid skull. Shortly afterwards he found a second, mineralised skull [both are of limestone mineralisation]. A third limestone specimen, that of a giant Homo sapien skull with remnant Homo erectus features, was also found at the bank base strata soon afterwards, making this a major New Zealand prePolynesian hominid site. Photo copyright Rex Gilroy 2011.

The Pleistocene gravel bed from where the skulls originated. Photo copyright Rex Gilroy 2011.

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The first skull is that of an archaic Homo sapien with remnant Homo erectus features age between 300,000-350,000 years BP. The picture shows the skull in situ, the eye sockets outlined. Photo copyright Rex Gilroy 2006.

Right profile of the skull, showing its round [ie brachiocephalic] shape. Photo copyright Rex Gilroy 2011.

The second [endocast] skull-type face-on. The facial area has been worn away and is distorted. Its remaining features show it to be an archaic Homo erectus specimen; age 300,000-350,000 years BP. Photo copyright Rex Gilroy 2011.

Archaic Homo erectus skull endocast, Coromandel Range, New Zealand. [Left profile]. Note flat cranium and well preserved shape of rear braincase. Photo copyright Rex Gilroy 2011.

The Archaic Homo sapien with remnant Homo erectus features [left] and the flattish archaic Homo erectus skull endocast for size comparison. Their owners were of average modern human height. Photo copyright Rex Gilroy 2011.

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Mysterious Australia Newsletter February 2011.

Please Note

Our previous meeting was a huge success and we look forward to seeing you at our next one.
Our next meeting will be held on Saturday Road, Katoomba.

16th April, 2011 same time, same place 12 Kamillaroi

So until our next meeting Watch the Skies!

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