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using using using using using using using using

System; System.Collections.Generic; System.ComponentModel; System.Data; System.Drawing; System.Linq; System.Text; System.Windows.Forms;

namespace howto_line_editor_snapgrid { public partial class Form1 : Form { public Form1() { InitializeComponent(); } // The grid spacing. const int grid_gap = 20; // The "size" of an object for mouse over purposes. private const int object_radius = 3; // We're over an object if the distance squared // between the mouse and the object is less than this. private const int over_dist_squared = object_radius * object_radius; // The points that make up the line segments. private List<Point> Pt1 = new List<Point>(); private List<Point> Pt2 = new List<Point>(); // Points for the new line. private bool IsDrawing = false; private Point NewPt1, NewPt2; // The mouse is up. See whether we're over an end point or segment. private void picCanvas_MouseMove_NotDown(object sender, MouseEventArgs e) { Cursor new_cursor = Cursors.Cross; // See what we're over. Point mouse_pt = new Point(e.X, e.Y); Point hit_point; int segment_number; if (MouseIsOverEndpoint(mouse_pt, out segment_number, out hit_point)) { new_cursor = Cursors.Arrow; } else if (MouseIsOverSegment(mouse_pt, out segment_number)) { new_cursor = Cursors.Hand; } // Set the new cursor. if (picCanvas.Cursor != new_cursor) { picCanvas.Cursor = new_cursor; } } // See what we're over and start doing whatever is appropriate. private void picCanvas_MouseDown(object sender, MouseEventArgs e) { // See what we're over. Point mouse_pt = new Point(e.X, e.Y); Point hit_point; int segment_number; if (MouseIsOverEndpoint(mouse_pt, out segment_number, out hit_point)) { // Start moving this end point.

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picCanvas.MouseMove -= picCanvas_MouseMove_NotDown; picCanvas.MouseMove += picCanvas_MouseMove_MovingEndPoint; picCanvas.MouseUp += picCanvas_MouseUp_MovingEndPoint; // Remember the segment number. MovingSegment = segment_number; // See if we're moving the start end point. MovingStartEndPoint = (Pt1[segment_number].Equals(hit_point)); // Remember the offset from the mouse to the point. OffsetX = hit_point.X - e.X; OffsetY = hit_point.Y - e.Y; } else if (MouseIsOverSegment(mouse_pt, out segment_number)) { // Start moving this segment. picCanvas.MouseMove -= picCanvas_MouseMove_NotDown; picCanvas.MouseMove += picCanvas_MouseMove_MovingSegment; picCanvas.MouseUp += picCanvas_MouseUp_MovingSegment; // Remember the segment number. MovingSegment = segment_number; // Remember the offset from the mouse to the segment's first point. OffsetX = Pt1[segment_number].X - e.X; OffsetY = Pt1[segment_number].Y - e.Y; } else { // Start drawing a new segment. picCanvas.MouseMove -= picCanvas_MouseMove_NotDown; picCanvas.MouseMove += picCanvas_MouseMove_Drawing; picCanvas.MouseUp += picCanvas_MouseUp_Drawing; IsDrawing = true; int x = e.X; int y = e.Y; SnapToGrid(ref x, ref y); NewPt1 = new Point(x, y); NewPt2 = new Point(x, y); } } // Snap to the nearest grid point. private void SnapToGrid(ref int x, ref int y) { if (!chkSnapToGrid.Checked) return; x = grid_gap * (int)Math.Round((double)x / grid_gap); y = grid_gap * (int)Math.Round((double)y / grid_gap); } #region "Drawing" // We're drawing a new segment. private void picCanvas_MouseMove_Drawing(object sender, MouseEventArgs e) { // Save the new point. int x = e.X; int y = e.Y; SnapToGrid(ref x, ref y); NewPt2 = new Point(x, y); // Redraw. picCanvas.Invalidate(); } // Stop drawing. private void picCanvas_MouseUp_Drawing(object sender, MouseEventArgs e) { IsDrawing = false;

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// Reset the event handlers. picCanvas.MouseMove -= picCanvas_MouseMove_Drawing; picCanvas.MouseMove += picCanvas_MouseMove_NotDown; picCanvas.MouseUp -= picCanvas_MouseUp_Drawing; // Create the new segment. Pt1.Add(NewPt1); Pt2.Add(NewPt2); // Redraw. picCanvas.Invalidate(); } #endregion // Drawing #region "Moving End Point" // The segment we're moving or the segment whose end point we're moving. private int MovingSegment = -1; // The end point we're moving. private bool MovingStartEndPoint = false; // The offset from the mouse to the object being moved. private int OffsetX, OffsetY; // We're moving an end point. private void picCanvas_MouseMove_MovingEndPoint(object sender, MouseEventArgs e) { // Move the point to its new location. int x = e.X + OffsetX; int y = e.Y + OffsetY; SnapToGrid(ref x, ref y); if (MovingStartEndPoint) { Pt1[MovingSegment] = new Point(x, y); } else { Pt2[MovingSegment] = new Point(x, y); } // Redraw. picCanvas.Invalidate(); } // Stop moving the end point. private void picCanvas_MouseUp_MovingEndPoint(object sender, MouseEventArgs e) { // Reset the event handlers. picCanvas.MouseMove += picCanvas_MouseMove_NotDown; picCanvas.MouseMove -= picCanvas_MouseMove_MovingEndPoint; picCanvas.MouseUp -= picCanvas_MouseUp_MovingEndPoint; // Redraw. picCanvas.Invalidate(); } #endregion // Moving End Point #region "Moving Segment" // We're moving a segment. private void picCanvas_MouseMove_MovingSegment(object sender, MouseEventArgs e) { // See how far the first point will move. int x = e.X + OffsetX; int y = e.Y + OffsetY; SnapToGrid(ref x, ref y); int dx = x - Pt1[MovingSegment].X; int dy = y - Pt1[MovingSegment].Y;

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if (dx == 0 && dy == 0) return; // Move the segment to its new location. Pt1[MovingSegment] = new Point(x, y); Pt2[MovingSegment] = new Point( Pt2[MovingSegment].X + dx, Pt2[MovingSegment].Y + dy); // Redraw. picCanvas.Invalidate(); } // Stop moving the segment. private void picCanvas_MouseUp_MovingSegment(object sender, MouseEventArgs e) { // Reset the event handlers. picCanvas.MouseMove += picCanvas_MouseMove_NotDown; picCanvas.MouseMove -= picCanvas_MouseMove_MovingSegment; picCanvas.MouseUp -= picCanvas_MouseUp_MovingSegment; // Redraw. picCanvas.Invalidate(); } #endregion // Moving End Point // See if the mouse is over an end point. private bool MouseIsOverEndpoint(Point mouse_pt, out int segment_number, out Point hit_pt) { for (int i = 0; i < Pt1.Count; i++) { // Check the starting point. if (FindDistanceToPointSquared(mouse_pt, Pt1[i]) < over_dist_squared) { // We're over this point. segment_number = i; hit_pt = Pt1[i]; return true; } // Check the end point. if (FindDistanceToPointSquared(mouse_pt, Pt2[i]) < over_dist_squared) { // We're over this point. segment_number = i; hit_pt = Pt2[i]; return true; } } segment_number = -1; hit_pt = new Point(-1, -1); return false; } // See if the mouse is over a line segment. private bool MouseIsOverSegment(Point mouse_pt, out int segment_number) { for (int i = 0; i < Pt1.Count; i++) { // See if we're over the segment. PointF closest; if (FindDistanceToSegmentSquared( mouse_pt, Pt1[i], Pt2[i], out closest) < over_dist_squared) { // We're over this segment. segment_number = i; return true; } }

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segment_number = -1; return false; } // Calculate the distance squared between two points. private int FindDistanceToPointSquared(Point pt1, Point pt2) { int dx = pt1.X - pt2.X; int dy = pt1.Y - pt2.Y; return dx * dx + dy * dy; } // Calculate the distance squared between // point pt and the segment p1 --> p2. private double FindDistanceToSegmentSquared(Point pt, Point p1, Point p2, out PointF closest) { float dx = p2.X - p1.X; float dy = p2.Y - p1.Y; if ((dx == 0) && (dy == 0)) { // It's a point not a line segment. closest = p1; dx = pt.X - p1.X; dy = pt.Y - p1.Y; return dx * dx + dy * dy; } // Calculate the t that minimizes the distance. float t = ((pt.X - p1.X) * dx + (pt.Y - p1.Y) * dy) / (dx * dx + dy * dy); // See if this represents one of the segment's // end points or a point in the middle. if (t < 0) { closest = new PointF(p1.X, p1.Y); dx = pt.X - p1.X; dy = pt.Y - p1.Y; } else if (t > 1) { closest = new PointF(p2.X, p2.Y); dx = pt.X - p2.X; dy = pt.Y - p2.Y; } else { closest = new PointF(p1.X + t * dx, p1.Y + t * dy); dx = pt.X - closest.X; dy = pt.Y - closest.Y; } return dx * dx + dy * dy; } // Draw the lines. private void picCanvas_Paint(object sender, PaintEventArgs e) { // Draw the segments. for (int i = 0; i < Pt1.Count; i++) { // Draw the segment. e.Graphics.DrawLine(Pens.Blue, Pt1[i], Pt2[i]); } // Draw the end points. foreach (Point pt in Pt1) { Rectangle rect = new Rectangle( pt.X - object_radius, pt.Y - object_radius, 2 * object_radius + 1, 2 * object_radius + 1); e.Graphics.FillEllipse(Brushes.White, rect); e.Graphics.DrawEllipse(Pens.Black, rect);

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} foreach (Point pt in Pt2) { Rectangle rect = new Rectangle( pt.X - object_radius, pt.Y - object_radius, 2 * object_radius + 1, 2 * object_radius + 1); e.Graphics.FillEllipse(Brushes.White, rect); e.Graphics.DrawEllipse(Pens.Black, rect); } // If there's a new segment under constructions, draw it. if (IsDrawing) { e.Graphics.DrawLine(Pens.Red, NewPt1, NewPt2); } } // Give the PictureBox a grid background. private void picCanvas_Resize(object sender, EventArgs e) { MakeBackgroundGrid(); } private void chkSnapToGrid_CheckedChanged(object sender, EventArgs e) { MakeBackgroundGrid(); } private void MakeBackgroundGrid() { if (!chkSnapToGrid.Checked) { picCanvas.BackgroundImage = null; } else { Bitmap bm = new Bitmap( picCanvas.ClientSize.Width, picCanvas.ClientSize.Height); for (int x = 0; x < picCanvas.ClientSize.Width; x += grid_gap) { for (int y = 0; y < picCanvas.ClientSize.Height; y += grid_gap) { bm.SetPixel(x, y, Color.Black); } } picCanvas.BackgroundImage = bm; } } }