Ingles Basico Cetam

GOVERNO DO ESTADO DO
AMAZONAS
CURSO DE QUALIFICAO PROFISSIONAL
INGLS BSICO
ALUNO (A): -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------PROFESSOR (A): ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CETAM
Centro de Educao Tecnolgica do Amazonas
SEPLAN
Secretaria de Estado de Planejamento e Desenvolvimento Econmico 1
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Centro de Educao Tecnolgica do Amazonas - CETAM
CONTENTS
UNIT 1..................................................................................................... 04 English, an international language UNIT 2..................................................................................................... 05 Greetings Definite article Indefinite article Verb to be UNIT 3..................................................................................................... 10 Object Pronouns Possessive Pronouns Possessive Adjectives UNIT 4..................................................................................................... 17 Demonstrative Pronouns UNIT 5..................................................................................................... 18 Interrogative Pronouns UNIT 6..................................................................................................... 22 Simple Present Tense Verb there to be Present Continuous Tense UNIT 7..................................................................................................... 26 Simple Past Tense To be Simple Past Tense Verb There to be Past Continuous Tense UNIT 8..................................................................................................... 35 Simple Present Tense Simple Past Tense (Regular Verbs/Irregular Verbs) UNIT 9..................................................................................................... 41 Simple Future Tense Future with going to UNIT 10................................................................................................... 47 __________________________________________________________________ 2
Interrogative Pronouns How much/many? UNIT 11................................................................................................... 52 Present Perfect Tense Adverbs used with the Present Perfect Tense UNIT 12................................................................................................... 56 Past Perfect Tense UNIT 13................................................................................................... 58 Plural of Nouns Degrees of Adjectives UNIT 14................................................................................................... 65 Prepositions UNIT 15................................................................................................... 70 Reflexive Pronouns REVIEW EXERCISES ............................................................................ 72 LISTS...................................................................................................... 91
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UNIT 1
INTRODUCTION
English, an international language Why learn English? Because English is the most important international language in the world. Some facts prove that: English is the international language of air and sea travels, of computing, of pop music, of politics, of science and medicine, sports, TV and films. The World today is a very small place. Communication and travel are very extremely quick: think of jets planes, satellite TV, telephones, telex and fax, for example. Because of this, we need a common language, and this language is English. English s the first language in: Australia; Bahamas; Canada; Ireland; Guyana; New Zealand; United States; United Kingdom. And it is the official second in many other countries like: India, Nigeria, South Africa, Israel. English is slowly becoming more than one language, because in every country it is spoken there are differences in some vocabulary words.
SPEAKING Now Interview two friends: Friend 1:__________________________ Friend 2:__________________________ 1. Are you interested in English? 2. Are you organized to learn English? 3. Are you a good English student? Friend 1 YES NO Friend 2 YES NO
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UNIT 2
GREETINGS
Saudaes e apresentaes Oi. Tudo bem? Qual seu nome? Oi, eu sou Prazer. Voc conhece o Joo? Eu quero lhe apresentar ao J ouvi falar muito de voc.
Greetings and introductions Hi. How are you? What is your name? Hi, I am Nice to meet you. Do you know Joo? Id like you to meet... Ive heard a lot about you.
VOCABULARY EXPANSION - NOUNS
_______________ _______________
_______________
_______________
_______________
_______________ _______________
_______________
_______________ 5
bus nook bike cup of coffee television __________________________________________________________________

Centro de Edhamburger ucao Tecnolgica do airplane - CETAM Amazonas car beaver
DEFINITE ARTICLE
The (o, a, os, as) Is Joe the American boxer? Thats the magic! The Brazilian soccer players are the best.. Sue and Claire are the American students..
INDEFINITE ARTICLE
A / an (um, uma) A usado antes de sons consonantais Sam is a lawyer. Bill is a mechanic. An usado antes de sons voclicos Jane is an actor.. The game is an hour along. A e an so usados somente no singular. He is a skier, but they are swimmers
EXERCISES 1. Complete with a or an. a) ___________ bus. b) ___________ airplane. c) ___________ book. d) ___________ bike. e) ___________ cup of coffee. f) ___________ beaver. g) ___________ television. h) ___________ car. i) ___________ decision. j) ___________ hamburger. __________________________________________________________________
VOCABULARY EXPANSION JOBS
_____________
_______________
______________ _______________
________________
______________ ______________
______________
_______________
_______________ ________________ ____________
fireman nurse
policeman secretary
mechanic
waiter
painter postman
dentist carpenter
teacher
actor butcher
student
lawyer
VERB TO BE
Subject Pronouns I You
Verb to be Simple Present Tense am a fireman. are a policeman. 7
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He She It We You They
is a mechanic. is a nurse. is an office. are divers. are lawyers. are students.
1. Verb to be a) Forma afirmativa: She is a nurse. Forma interrogativa: Is she a nurse? Forma negativa: She is not a nurse. b) Formas contratas: Afirmativa: Im Youre Hes Shes Its Were Youre Theyre Negativa: Im not Youre not/You arent Hes not/He isnt Shes not/She isnt Its not/It isnt Were not/We arent Youre/You arent Theyre not/They arent
EXERCISES 1. Use the verb to be. a) I________________ a student. b) The world is _________________ a small place. c) We______________ important. d) Spanish ______________ our official language. e) Communication and travel _______________ extremely quick. f) You and I ____________ Brazilian. g) Bruno and Maria _____________ Brazilian. h) A jet plane ____________ very quick.
2. Add the verb to in the negative form. a) These languages ______________ difficult. b) Portuguese _________________ the official language in Europe. c) That _______________ a jet plane. __________________________________________________________________
d) I _______________ on vacation. e) The candies _______________ in the stove. 3. Change to question form. a) A telephone is different from a fax. b) This flat is small. c) You are from Fortaleza. d) These words are different in American English. e) This cab is old and slow.
4. Rewrite the sentences substituting the words in bold for subject pronouns. a) Are Ricardo, Joo and you skiers? Yes, Ricardo, Joo and I are skiers. . b) Is that sport radical? No, that sport is not radical. . c) Are Maria and Susan mountaineers? No, Maria and Susan are not mountaineers. Mary and Susan are swimmers. . d) Is Diana a driver? Yes, Diana is a driver. .
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GROUP ACTIVITY Formem grupos e elaborem um dialogo usando os GREETINGS e algumas das profisses aprendidas.
UNIT 3
VOCABULARY EXPANSION VERBS
Relacione as colunas: 1- To talk 2- To need 3- To help 4- To work 5- To love 6- To drink 7- To have 8- To ask ( ) Trabalhar ( ) Precisar ( ) Ter ( ) Perguntar ( ) Conversar ( ) Beber ( ) Amar ( ) Ajudar
OBJECT PRONOUNS
Subject Pronouns Object Pronouns
I me
You you
He him
She her
It it
We us
You you
They them
Os object pronouns so usados como complementos verbais, vindo imediatamente aps um verbo ou uma preposio. Call us tomorrow morning. Peter is so tired! Talk to him.
EXERCISES 1. Fill in the blanks with object pronouns. a) Look at me, Alex! Im talking to ______________. b) Jeanne needs your help. Please, study with ______________. c) Your computer isnt working well. Dont leave ___________ on. __________________________________________________________________
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d) Samuel loves orange juice. He drinks ___________ every morning. e) I have some books that Henry needs. So, Im giving ______ to ______. f) We need to see Mary today. Ask _______ to call ________.
VOCABULARY EXPANSION - NOUNS
____________
____________
____________ ____________
____________
house dog
music
radio computer
POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS
That hamburger is mine. Those sandwiches are yours.
I You He She We
Mine Yours His Hers Ours
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They
Theirs
Referem-se sempre ao possuidor. No so seguidos de substantivos. I am playing with my father and you are playing with yours.
EXERCISES 1. Complete with the appropriate possessive pronoun. a) This isnt our computer. Is it ____________? Yes, its mine. b) Is Roberto doing his homework? Yes, he is. And his sister Jane? Jane is doing ___________ too. c) Is Carol and Magalias dog a Labrador? No, __________ is a Cocker Spaniel. d) Is Joels father well? Yes, he is. And yours? ____________ is well, too. e) Is Susans book with Antonio? No, ____________ is with Betty.
GENITIVE CASE: noun + s + noun
Janes video game is new. Carloss (Carlos) VCR is old. The childrens radio is small. Todays news on TV is positive. My parents TV set is big.
A forma possessiva frequentemente usada com: Pessoas ou animais 12

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Toms full name is Thomas Wolf. Substantivos no plural no terminados em s The childrens nicknames are Billy and Timmy. Nomes prprios terminados em s Denniss mother is Jane. Expresses de tempo, medida, lugar e com alguns substantivos, tais como: sun, sea, moon, government. The suns rays are not always healthy. Usa-se somente o apstrofo com substantives no plural terminados em s The girls radios are new.
EXERCISES 1. Use the possessive form. a) The experience of my friend. ... b) The house of those people. ... c) The first party of Mary Lou. ... d) The style of the teenagers. ... e) The music of Chopin. ... f) The meeting of the ecologists. ... g) The protest of the youngsters. ... h) The stories of the adults. ...
2. Follow de example. a) One of Joes colleagues is here. A colleague of Joes is here. __________________________________________________________________
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b) One of Alberts brothers is living abroad. ... c) One of my mothers friends left for Italy. ... d) I am one of Princes fans. ... d) Tropiclia is one of Caetanos songs. ...
VOCABULARY EXPANSION FAMILY
________________
_______________
_______________
_______________
_________________
_______________
_________________
_______________
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Grandfather
Father
Sisters
Son
Daughter
Mother
Grandmother
Brothers
POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVES
My grandfather is shy. His sister is shy. Their mother is shy.
I You He She It We They
My Your His Her Its our their
Referem-se sempre ao possuidor. Vm sempre acompanhados de substantivos. No so antecedidos de artigos. John is shy, but his cousin isnt.
EXERCISES 1. Complete with possessive adjectives. a) William is my brother. ___________ nickname is Bill. b) Joan is living in a four bedroom house now. ________ house is very big. c) We are working in San Francisco, but _________ brothers are working in Los Angeles. d) Prince Charles is talking to ___________ mother. Queen Elizabeth. __________________________________________________________________
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e) Tim and Tom are playing. They are playing with ___________ pet. f) I am drinking red wine, but __________ favorite drink is white wine. g) My dog is black and white, but ____________ mother is all black. h) Susan and I are eating ____________ pasta now. i) Williams father is prince Charles and ____________brothers name is Harry. 2. Possessive adjective or possessive pronoun? a) Why dont you read a poem of yours ?
b) The T-shirt Sandra is wearing is not ___________. It belongs to _________ brother. c) My friend and I always do __________ lessons at the library. Where do you and ___________ friends do ___________? d) Teenagers usually express ___________ feelings. Do adults express ___________? e) Susan didnt write ___________ name on that book. Is the book really ___________? f) We develop ___________ creativity. Some ideas of ___________ often become hits. g) Some people create ____________ own fashion style. h) Of course I think about ___________ problems. You have to think about __________ too. i) The magazine Im reading is not ____________ It has no name on __________ cover. Is it yours? j) Clodovil is famous for _____________ clothes. A dress of __________ costs a lot.
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UNIT 4
DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUNS
Singular: This (isto, este, esta), that (aquilo, aquele, aquela). This- refere-se coisa, animal ou pessoa que est prxima de quem fala. That- refere-se coisa, animal ou pessoa que est distante de quem fala. This e that- podem funcionar como adjetivos, antes do substantivo (this sandwich; that salad), ou como pronomes substantivos (this is for you; that is for me). Exemplo: Whats this? pergunta o que uma coisa que est perto da pessoa que fala. Whats that? pergunta o que uma coisa que est longe da pessoa que fala.
Plural: these (estes; estas), those (aqueles; aquelas). These- refere-se coisas, animais ou pessoas que esto prximos de quem fala. Those- refere-se coisas, animais ou pessoas que esto distantes de quem fala. These e those- podem funcionar como adjetivos, antes do substantivo (these cookies; those pies), ou como pronomes substantivos (these are good; those are bad). __________________________________________________________________
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Exemplo: What are these? - pergunta "o que so estas" coisas que esto perto da pessoa que fala. What are those? pergunta "o que so aquelas" coisas que esto longe da pessoa que fala.
UNIT 5
INTERROGATIVE PRONOUNS
Who - quem (usado como sujeito da orao). Whose de quem. Exemplo: Who is he? He is Paul. Whose computer is this? Its Teds computer.
Who is this man? .
Who is this woman? ..
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EXECISES 1. Make up dialogs. Model: Radio / his / John Smith Whose radio is it? Its his. Who is this man? He is John Smith. a) Dvd / hers / Joan Green.
b) Computer/ theirs / Carol and Paul Wright.
c) Radio / mine / Kate Miller.
d) TV set / ours / Peter and Robert Watson.
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VOCABULARY EXPANSION - VERS
_____________
_____________
_____________
_____________
_____________
_____________
to wait
to cough to eat
to sit to cry
to sleep
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Why Por que? Exemplo: Why are you here? Because I want to see you.
Usos: Why Usado em perguntas. Because Usado em respostas.
EXERCISES 1. Match questions and answers. a) Why is he happy? b) Why is he using your mobile phone? c) Why are they leaving? d) Why is Mary studying?
( ( ( (
) Because he needs to talk to Peter now. ) Because he won a lot of money. ) Because she has a test. ) Because they must sleep early.
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UNIT 6
______________ ______________
______________
______________
______________
______________
to wake up
to run to write
to sing to look
to swim
SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE - VERB THERE TO BE
There is / There are Simple present tense __________________________________________________________________

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Affirmative Form Interrogative Form Negative Form
There is (theres) a participant in radical sports in our group. There are participants in radical sports in our group. Is there a participant in radical sports in our group? Are there participants in radical sports in our group? There is not (there isnt) a participant in radical sports in our group. There are not (there arent) participants in radical sports in our group.
There is seguido de substantivos incontveis ou no singular. There are seguido de substantivos contveis no plural.
EXERCISES
1. There is or there are?
a) ________________ international films on TV. b) ________________ different countries with different languages. c) ________________ a boy in the elevator. d) ________________ a subway in So Paulo. e) ________________ delicious candies for you on the stove.
2. Change to negative and, then, to interrogative form.
a) There are two correct answers for this questions. There are not (arent) two correct answers for this question. Are there two correct answers for this questions?
b) There is a telephone in the classroom. ... __________________________________________________________________

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c) There are difficult words in the text. ...
d) There are different languages in Brazil. ...
_____________________
______________________
______________________
_______________________
_______________________
________________________
to smoke to walk
to paint to stand
to think to clean
PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE
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Present Continuous Tense Form: To be (present tense) + verb + ing Affirmative form I am sleeping. Interrogative form Am I sleeping? Negative form I am not sleeping.
She is watching TV.
Is she watching TV?
She is not watching TV.
They are dancing.
Are they dancing?
They are not dancing.
1. ing a) regra geral: verbo + ing read reading I am reading the newspaper now. b) verbos terminados em: e elimina-se o e e acrescenta-se ing: drive driving We are driving south. ie troca-se o ie por y e acrescenta-se ing: die dying It is dying. c) verbos monosslabos ou disslabos oxtonos terminados em: consoante + vogal + consoante: dobra-se a ltima consoante e acrescenta-se ing run running He is running in the park. We are swimming very well. swim swimming
2. Usos: Enunciar aes que estejam ocorrendo no momento em que se fala: Look! They are talking to the skiers now. Enunciar situes temporrias: 25
I am working in Brazil now. __________________________________________________________________

EXERCISES 1. Use the present continuous tense. a) (to become) English __________________ an international language. b) (to translate) I __________________ the text. c) (to communicate) We __________________ the fact. d) (to prepare) They __________________ a protest T-shirt.
2. Use the present continuous tense. a) (to sit) You __________________ on my new jeans. b) (to cut) Sue and Jeff __________________ the cake. c) (to put on) We __________________ our t-shirt. 3. Use the present continuous tense. a) (to begin) Democracy __________________. b) (to emit) That factory __________________ carbon dioxide. c) (to control) The policeman __________________ the traffic. d) (to arrest) The sheriff __________________ the bandits.
4. Use the present continuous tense. a) (to lie) They __________________! I want the truth. b) (to improve) You __________________ your English. c) (to lead) He __________________ the students. d) (to get dressed) Wait a minute! Mary __________________. e) (to come) The students __________________ first. f) (to begin) This place __________________ to become political. g) (to study) I __________________ about democracy and dictatorship in the world. h) (to die) Look! This flower __________________. i) (to wait) The band leader __________________ for you. j) (to take) You and I __________________ English lessons now. __________________________________________________________________
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5. Change to negative form. a) You are thinking about politics. . b) The boys are going to the beach now. . c) She is sitting irreverently. . d) I am writing a text at the moment. .
6. Change to question form. a) I am choosing the correct answer. . b) That student is getting good marks. . c) You are really learning the new words. . d) Many animal species are dying. . e) People are claiming for justice. .
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UNIT 7
_____________________________
____________________
____________________________
__________________
_ _____________________________ ______________________
to count to throw
to take a bath to catch
to fly to study
SIMPLE PAST TENSE TO BE
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Affirmative form I was here yesterday. You were here yesterday. He was here yesterday. She was here yesterday. It was here yesterday. We were here yesterday. You were here yesterday. They were here yesterday.
Interrogative form Was I here yesterday? Were you here yesterday? Was he here yesterday? Was she here yesterday? Was it here yesterday? Were we here yesterday? Were you here yesterday? Were they here yesterday?
Negative form I was not here yesterday. You were not here yesterday. He was not here yesterday. She was not here yesterday. It was not here yesterday. We were not here yesterday. You were not here yesterday. They were not here yesterday.
EXERCISES
1. Complete the sentences with the simple past tense of the verb to be. a) Bob and Mary _____________ sad last night. b) _____________ Mr. Smith happy with his job last year? c) Im sure Ralph _____________ an ambitious man. d) We didnt understand the explanation last class. It _____________ really difficult. e) Betty and Marian _____________ ugly when they were young.
2. Use the past tense of the verb to be to complete the dialogs below: a) Where _____________ you two years ago? I _____________ in Washington. b) What _____________ the young mans smile like? __________________________________________________________________
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It _____________ very kind. c) Who _____________ your first boyfriend? His name _____________ Mark. He and I were thirteen years old. _____________ he your classmate? No, he _____________. He _____________ my cousins friend. d) When _____________ you in Canada? We _____________ there in 1998.
VOCABULARY EXPANSION - VERBS
___________
___________ ___________
___________
___________
___________
___________
to fight to laugh
to dance
to bloom
to cook to climb
to get married
SIMPLE PAST TENSE - VERB THERE TO BE __________________________________________________________________

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There was / There were Simple Past Tense Affirmative form There was a garden in the palace. There were roses in the garden. Interrogative form Was there a garden in the palace. Were there roses in the garden? Negative form There was not a garden in the palace. There were not roses in the garden.
EXERCISES 1. Change to the simple past tense. a) There are hamburgers in the bridge. . b) It is a very large palace. There is even a room full of gold. ... c) That yellow rose is ugly and it has no smell. . d) There are good books with games and mazes.
________________________
__________________________
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________________________
__________________________
________________________
__________________________
to watch TV to go
to ride to speak
to come to listen
PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE
Past Continuous Tense Form: To be (past tense) + verb + ing Affirmative form She was writing a story last night. Interrogative form Was she writing a story last night? Negative form She was not writing story last night.
You were reading tales last night.
Were she reading tales last night?
You were not reading tales last night.
Usos: Expressa uma ao que estava acontecendo em determinado momento, no passado: Tom was sending e-mails in the morning. Expressa uma ao que estava acontecendo em determinado momento, no passado, quando outra ao ocorreu: The prince was playing polo when the reporters arrived. Com while, expressa duas aes contnuas e simultneas no passado: While John was studying English, her boyfriend was studying Spanish. __________________________________________________________________
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EXERCISES 1. Use the past continuous tense. a) (to do) Jerry _________________ his lessons at that time. b) (to shit) I _________________ down when he came back. c) (to have) They _________________ breakfast when we arrived. d) (to run) The athlete _________________ when he fell down. e) (to turn) She _________________ off the TV when she saw me. f) (to get) As the children _________________ hungry, we decided to stop for a snack. g) (to think) When you phoned, I _________________ about you. h) (to travel) When they _________________ abroad, they sent me a postcard.
2. Use the past continuous tense. a) (to sing/ to dance) While Eric Clapton _____________________, Madonna _____________________. b) (to daydream/ to clean) The girls _____________________ while their mother _____________________ the house. c) (to walk/ to watch) While she _____________________ in the forest, wolves _____________________ her. d) (to work/ to do) I _____________________ hard while you _____________________ nothing.
3. Change to negative form. a) He was listening to the radio when I turned it off. .... b) The man was protesting when the police arrived. .... c) The baby was crying while his mother was preparing some food.
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....
4. Change to interrogative form. a) The man was dying when they called a doctor. .... b) She was eating vanilla ice-cream when we met. .... c) It was raining when we came here. ....
5. Give long answers. a) Were you having dinner when your sweetheart phoned? b) Was your boyfriend reading a tale during the class? .... c) Was your mother working while you were studying? .... d) Were the students feeling nervous when the test began? .... e) Was the bus leaving when saw it? ....
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UNIT 8
______________________
_____________________
______________________
_____________________
______________________
_____________________
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to cut to close
to hold to jump
to open to wash
SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE Affirmative form I work. You work. He works. She works. It works. We work. You work. They work. Interrogative form Do I work? Do you work? Does he work? Does she work? Does it work? Do we work? Do you work? Do they work? Negative form I do not work. You do not work. He does not work. She does not work. It does not work. We do not work. You do not work. They do not work.
1. Formao da 3a pessoa do singular (forma afirmativa): a) Regra Geral: verbo + s (get) She gets home late every night. (use) He uses the computer in the afternoon. b) Verbos terminados em: S, z, ch, sh, x, o: verbo + es (brush) She brushes her teeth three times a day. (go) It goes from north to south. Consoante + y: verbo + ies (study) Sally studies English on Tuesdays and Thursday. (cry) The baby cries every night. Exceo: have has She has lunch at a restaurant every Saturday.
2. Usos:
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Expressar aes habituais, geralmente indicadas por expresses adverbiais de tempo (every day, Monday, on Fridays) ou advrbios de frequncia (always, never, usually, often, sometimes, seldom) I always get dressed before breakfast.
Exprimir fatos em geral I like to travel We live in Argentina
Enunciar verdade em geral: Water boils at 100 degrees Celsius.
EXERCISES 1. Use the simple present tense. a) (to work) Tom _________________ in a shopping center. b) (to buy) Teenagers _________________ special type of clothes. c) (to consider) I _________________ this point very significant. d) (to have) She _________________ a special way to say hello. e) (to break) That boy always _________________ school system rules. 2. Use the simple present tense. a) (to wash) She _________________her clothes on Mondays. b) (to teach) Sarah _________________ English. c) (to relax) Joe _________________after lunch. d) (to go) He _________________ to school in the morning. e) (to buzz) A bee _________________.
3. Use the Simple present tense. a) (to cry) She _________________ like a baby. b) (to study) Paul _________________ Spanish. c) (to fly) A jet plane _________________ long distances. d) (to play) He _________________ guitar very well.
4. Use the simple present tense. a) (to study) Mary _________________English twice a week. b) (to say) He seldom _________________ hello to me. __________________________________________________________________
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c) (to have) That student _________________ to develop his creativity. d) (to protest) They always _________________ against corruption. e) (to live) They _________________ on little money. f) (to teach) He _________________ French to teenager. g) (to do) Henry _________________ his homework in the afternoon. h) (to meet) Sometimes they _________________ their friends at the club. i) (to buy) We _________________ our clothes in shopping center.
5. Change to negative form. a) Certain ideas become a fashion hit. . b) He studies at home every day. . c) The teacher explains every new word. . d) They mobilize only the middle classes. .
e) My mother relaxes after lunch. .
6. Change to interrogative form. a) You have a rebellious trait in your personality. . b) Youngsters take to the streets to protest. . c) I develop my creativity. . d) Mary claims for justice. . e) Bob does all the work in the shop. .
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_____________________
_______________________
_____________________
_______________________
_____________________
_______________________
to lose to buy
to put on to win SIMPLE PAST TENSE
to want to spill
Simple Past Tense (Regular Verbs) Affirmative form I worked yesterday. You worked yesterday. He worked yesterday. She worked yesterday. It worked yesterday. We worked yesterday. You worked yesterday. They worked yesterday. Interrogative form Did I work yesterday? Did you work yesterday? Did he work yesterday? Did she work yesterday? Did it work yesterday? Did we work yesterday? Did you work yesterday? Did they work yesterday? Negative form I did not work. You did not work. He did not work. She did not work. It did not work. We did not work. You did not work. They did not work.
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a) Forma afirmativa: Regra Geral: verbo + ed The concert started at nine oclock and finished at midnight. Verbos Terminados em e: verbo + d They closed the store at nine last night. Verbos terminados em y, precedido de consoante: y + ied The children studied for the test two days ago. Verbos monosslabos tnicos e disslabos oxtonos terminados em consoante + vogal + consoante: dobra-se a ltima consoante e acrescenta-se ed. The train stopped at this station at five oclock.
b) Expressar uma ao completa no passado, geralmente indicada por advrbios ou expresses adverbiais de tempo (yesterday, a week ago, last month etc.). They opened that mark last month.
Simple past tense (irregular verbs) Affirmative form She saw the movie yesterday. They met Bob at a restaurant last night. Did she see the movie yesterday? Did they meet Bob at the restaurant last night? She didnt see the movie yesterday. Negative form They didnt meet Bob at a restaurant last night. H uma lista de verbos irregulares no final da apostila.
Interrogative form
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UNIT 9
_______________________
_____________________
_______________________
_____________________
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_______________________
_____________________
to turn off to give
to turn on to call
to share to throw away
SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE
Affirmative form I will learn. You will learn. He will learn. She will learn. It will learn. We will learn. You will learn. They will learn. Usos:
Interrogative form Will I learn? Will you learn? Will he learn? Will she learn? Will it learn? Will we learn? Will you learn? Will they learn?
Negative form I will not learn. You will not learn. He will not learn. She will not learn. It will not learn. We will not learn. You will not learn. They will not learn.
Expressa a provvel realizao de uma ao no futuro: They will probably keep a laboratory in space.
Exprime aes futures decididas no momento em que se fala: Okay! Ill think about a solution to the problem.
Alm de advrbios ou expresses adverbiais de tempo (tomorrow, next week, in two months etc.), este tempo verbal geralmente usado com palavras que expressam dvida, como I think, probably, Im not sure
EXERCISES 1. Use the simple future. a) (to study) All of us ________________ hard from now on. b) (to send) The Jetsons ________________ you a letter from Mexico. __________________________________________________________________
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c) (to open) They ________________ some fashion shops next month. d) (to get) You ________________ strong muscles if you practice sports. e) (to play) Artur Moreira Lima ________________ Mozart in next concert. f) (to have) In a short time we ________________ the money to travel abroad. g) (there to be) Some day ________________ peace in the world.
2. Change to negative form. a) Ill photograph only the beautiful scenes. .... b) They will come back at 9 oclock. .... c) The tourist will visit all the churches in the city. .... .... d) Well travel to London by plane. .... e) Chess will make you lose weight. .... 3. Change to interrogative form. a) You will remember to bring me the car. .... b) He will love her forever. .... c) The wolf will eat the rabbit. .... d) There will be a good opportunity for us. ....
4. First change to negative form and, then, complete. a) He will stay here. (to go back to Bahia) __________________________________________________________________
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He wont stay here, he will go back to Bahia. b) Next class well study Spanish. (mathematics) .... .... c) She will be in Paris next month. (to come back to London) .... .... d) Tom Cruise will play guitar in his next film. (to sing) .... .... e) Frank will study to be a doctor. (an engineer) .... .... f) Tomorrow you will pay 5 dollars for a hamburger. (only 4 dollars) .... ....
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V ________________________ _______________________
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________________________
to color to fix
to find to break
to look for
FUTURE WITH GOING TO
Form: to be (present tense) + going to + verb Affirmative form He is going to build a house at the beach. They are going to build a house at the beach. Is he going to build a house at the beach? Are they going to build a house at the beach? He is not going to build a house at the beach. They are not going to build a house at the beach.
Interrogative form
Negative form
Usos: Expressa aes que j decidimos ou pretendemos realizar no futuro: I am going to sell my apartment at the beach next year. Expressa aes que achamos que iro acontecer devido a alguma situao no presente: She has the money now. She is going to pay the doctor tomorrow. geralmente indicado por advrbios ou expresses adverbiais de tempo, como: tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, next Sunday, next year, soon. We are going to join the group soon.
EXERCISES 1. Express the future with going to. __________________________________________________________________

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a) (to rest) We are tired. We _______________________ for a while. b) (to keep) They _______________________ their daily routine. c) (to study) I _______________________ English this afternoon. d) (to overcome) She _______________________ her problems. e) (to go) Your group _______________________ to the museum tomorrow.
2. Change to interrogative form. a) They are going to meet us at school. . b) We are going to play that game again. . c) She is going to eat fast food tonight. . d) The boys are going to prepare a surprise party. . e) His family is going to travel Saturday night. .
3. First change to negative form and, then, complete. a) Im going to the movies. (theatre) Im not going to the movies. Im going to the theatre. b) I am going to drink a orange juice. (milkshake) . . c) We are going to visit Par. (Amazonas) . . d) You are going to buy a white T-shirt. (purple T-shirt) . . e) Sam is going to sell his house. (his car) __________________________________________________________________
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. .
4. Give short answers. a) Is your dog going to take a bath today? . b) Are those boys going to smoke in the classroom? . c) Are you going to do this exercises? . d) Are the students going to read these sentences? . e) Is your colleague going to behave well at school? . f) Is your mother going to prepare dinner? .
UNIT 10
What- qual, quais, o que Exemplo: What is your occupation? __________________________________________________________________

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What is a electric circuit? What about- que tal Exemplo: What about going to the theater? What like?- Expresso usada para perguntar, sobre aspectos geogrficos, fsicos ou psicolgicos. Exemplo: What is Manaus like?
When- Quando Exemplo: When does that girl play volleyball? On Tuesdays and Fridays.
VOCABULARY EXPANSION DAYS
WEEK
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EXERCISES Sunday Wake up late Have lunch at grandparents house Watch TV Play soccer Go to the cinema Play soccer Watch TV Go to a disco Go to the cinema. Swim at a gym Have English class Swim at a gym Have English class work at a snack bar Play soccer. Monday Go to school Tuesday Go to school Wednesday Go to school Thursday Go to school Friday Go to school Saturday Work at a snack bar.
1. Give complete answers about Ronalds weekly activities. a) When does Ronald work at a snack bar? . . b) When does Ronald swim at a gym? . . c) When does he have lunch at his grandparents house? . . d) When does he play soccer? . . e) When does he go to the cinema? . . f) When does he go to the disco? __________________________________________________________________
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. . g) When does he go to school? . . h) When does he wake up late? . . i) What was Ronald doing on Monday? j) What was Ronald doing on Tuesday? l) What was the first thing that Ronald did on Saturday? m) What was the last thing that Ronald did on Wednesday? HOW MUCH / MANY ?
Quantifiers Much / a lot of __________________________________________________________________

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Affirmative Negative Interrogative
There is much / a lot of sugar in the cup. There isnt much / a lot of salt in that steak. Is there much / a lot of milk in the glass? Many / a lot of
Affirmative Negative Interrogative
There are many / a lot of apples in the basket. There arent many / a lot of pears in the dish. Are there many / a lot of oranges in the refrigerator?
Usos: Much usado com substantivos incontveis. Is there much cheese in the freezer? Many usado com substantivos contveis. There are many watermelons on the table.
EXERCISES 1. Complete the sentences with many or much and the suggested word. a) (milk) I want to prepare pancakes, but there isnt ______________________. Lets buy some. b) (apple) There are ______________________ in the refrigerator. Lets make a pie. c) (orange) I am going to make a fruit salad but there arent ________________ _____________ in the refrigerator. d) (rose) Your garden isnt beautiful now because there arent ______________ ___________ in it. e) (sugar) We cant prepare this pudding because you didnt bring ___________ _____________. f) (lettuce) Children dont like to eat ______________________, but they are very good for their health. g) (ham) There isnt ______________________in the refrigerator, lets buy some. __________________________________________________________________
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INTERROGATIVE WORDS How much cheese do you need for the pie? Uncountable noun How many melons did you buy yesterday? Countable noun
EXERCISES 1. Make up questions using how many or how much. a) There are three bedrooms in my house. b) Janes father bought a lot of pears yesterday. c) I drink one cup of tea every day. d) There were five thieves in the bank last night.
UNIT 11
PRESENT PERFECT TENSE
Present Perfect Tense Form: To have (present tense) + verb (past participle) Affirmative form I have tried it. He has tried it. She has tried it. It has tried it. Interrogative form Have I tried it? Has he tried it? Has she tried it? Has it tried it? Negative form I have not tried it. He has not tried it. She has not tried it. It has not tried it. 52
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We have tried it. You have tried it. They have tried it.
Have we tried it? Have you tried it? Have they tried it?
We have not tried it. You have not tried it. They have not tried it.
1. Formao (past participle) Verbos regulares: verbo + ed / d / ied to start- started to live- lived to cry- cried Verbos irregulares: forma prpria (Veja a lista de verbos irregulares no final da apostila). to give- given 2. Forma Contrata I have Ive You have not You havent She has not She Hasnt 3. Usos: Expressa aes ou situaes que comearam no passado e continuam at o presente. We have been here for a long time. Nesse caso, o present perfect tense bastante usado com: o for (durante, por, h), indicando a durao de algum acontecimento. Ive have lived in Brazil for two years. o since (desde), indicando o incio de um perodo de tempo. Ann has lived in Brazil since 2005. O present perfect tense tambm usado com os seguintes advrbios de tempo indefinido: lately (ultimamente), recently (recentemente), several times (diversas vezes), many times (muitas vezes). This problem has happened several times. Expressa aes ou eventos passados completamente terminados, desde que tenham importncia no presente. Sam is well now. He has been to a doctor.
EXERCISES __________________________________________________________________
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1. Complete with the present perfect tense. a) (to try) I ___________________ a cash machine near here. b) (to live) Alex ___________________ in Ireland for many years. c) (to be) We ___________________ friends since childhood. d) (to buy) Your mother and father ___________________ some interesting books lately. e) (to eat) Carol ___________________ a lot of sugar. Thats not good for her because of the carbohydrates. f) (to make) My husband and I ___________________ up our minds, we are going to buy a small house in the country next October. g) (to work) Susan ___________________ well lately. h) (to have) You ___________________ a lot of time to study since last year. i) (to eat) They ___________________ different diets in the last month.
2. Write sentences using for: a) I am here (one hour) Ive been here for one hour. b) Parents advises us to eat more vegetables. (sometimes) ..... c) She does her best to help you. (a long time) ..... d) Steven Spielberg is an excellent movie director. (many years) .....
3. Write sentences using since: a) Paul is very shy. (he was a little boy) ..... b) Your girlfriend loves you. (she was 13 years old) ..... ..... __________________________________________________________________
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c) Eric has some duties at home. (last years) .....
ADVERBS USED WITH THE PRESENT PERFECT TENSE
Already: in affirmative and interrogative sentences. We have already lived in Scotland. Have you already lived in Scotland?
Always: in affirmative sentences We have always lived in Scotland.
Ever: in interrogative sentences Have you ever lived in Scotland?
Yet: in interrogative and negative sentences Have you lived in Scotland yet? We havent lived in Scotland yet.
Never: in affirmative sentences with negative idea We have never lived in Scotland.
EXERCISES 1. Answer the questions in full using already or never. a) Has she ever been to Houston? No,...... b) Have they ever driven so fast? No,...... c) Has she ever eaten pretzels? Yes,. d) Have you ever read O Principe? Yes,. __________________________________________________________________
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2. Complete de dialogs using already, always, ever, never or yet. a) Have you _________________ studied for your English test? No, I havent studied for it _________________. b) Are you the author of this book? Yes, I am. Its such a pleasure to meet you. I have _________________ wanted to talk to you. c) Has your friend _________________ been to Australia? Yes, he _________________ taught Portuguese there. He is a great teacher. What about you? Oh, Ive _________________ been to Australia.
UNIT 12
PAST PERFECT TENSE
Past Perfect Tense Form: had + verb (in the past participle) Affirmative I (you, he, she, it, we, you, they) had found a solution before he came up with a new idea. Had they found a solution before he came up with a new idea? 56
Interrogative
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Negative
They had not found a solution before he came up with a new idea.
Usos: Expressa uma ao que ocorreu antes de uma outra, no passado. When my parents arrived home, I had already gone out.
EXERCISES 1. Complete the sentences with the past perfect tense of the verbs in parentheses. a) (come back) I ____________________ to school before the teachers arrived. b) (teach) Mr. Block ___________________ English in Japan before he went back to England c) (hear) The neighbors ___________________ never ___________________ of any problems with the nuclear power plant before the accident happened. d) (run away) When the police entered the houses, the criminals ___________________ already ___________________. e) (remind) Before I talked to the family, some friends ___________________ me of the problems I might face. f) (decide) Mary ___________________ to drop by her friends house before I called her. 2. Rewrite the sentences. a) First she studied, and then she played with her friends. After she had studied, she played with her friends. b) First we hung the menorahs in the windows, and then we went out. c) First the children broke the mirror, and then they carried the pieces outdoors. d) First she cleaned the house, and then she took a shower. __________________________________________________________________
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e) First you agreed with the congressmen, and then you complained about their political plans. f) First my cousin gave all his things to a poor family, and then he disappeared. g) First they ate dinner at a restaurant, and then they left for a movie theater.
UNIT 13
PLURAL OF NOUNS
1. Regra Geral: Acrecenta-se S aos substantivos: Boy- boys husband- husbands
2. Com Substantivos terminados em s, z, sh, ch, x, o, acrescenta-se es. Beach- beaches Dish- dishes potato- potatoes match- matches 58
Excees: acrecenta-se apenas s aos substantivos: __________________________________________________________________

o Terminados em o, precedidos de vogal ou que forem de origem estrangeira: Radio- radios Zoo- zoos photo-photos piano- pianos
o Terminados em ch com som de k: Monarch- monarchs epoch- epochs
3. Com substantivos terminados em y antecedidos de consoante, elimina-se o y e acrescenta-se ies: Strawberry- strawberries city- cities
4. Com substantivos terminados em f ou fe, elimina-se o f ou fe e acrescentase ves. Life- lives Half-halves wife-wives leaf- leaves knife-knives thief- thieves
5. Alguns substantivos formam o plural de modo irregular: Child- children Man- men Woman- women Ox- oxen mouse- mice person- people foot- feet tooth- teeth goose- geese
EXERCISES 1. Change to plural form. a) policeman- _________________ b) dishwasher-_________________ c) thief-______________________ d) grandchild-_________________ e) piano- ____________________ f) chief-______________________ g) tooth-_____________________ h) sandwich-__________________ i) hand-______________________ j) fox-________________________ l) strawberry-__________________ m) tomato-____________________ 59
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n) stomach-___________________ o) pockets-___________________ p) process-____________________ q) typist-______________________
r) cowboy-____________________ s) housewife-__________________ t) boss-______________________ u) mouse-____________________
2. Change to the singular form. a) The women are driving their children to school. ................... b) These babies have two teeth. ................... c) Those men are waiting for you. ................... d) There are people waiting to see her now. ..................
VOCABULARY EXPANSION - ADJECTIVES
__________________
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__________________
_____________________
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__________________ strong / weak heavy / light beautiful / ugly slow / fast
_____________________ boring / funny big / small
DEGREES OF ADJECTIVES Degrees of Comparison Simple Degree As + adjective + as Affirmative sentences Joe is as rich as Mary Bob is as poor as Joe. Not + as/so + adjective + as Negative sentences Jane is not as young as Pamela. Susan is not so old as Carol.
Degrees of Comparison Comparative degree Adjective + er + than One syllable Helen is shorter than Julie. This bike is cheaper than that one. More + adjective + than Two or more syllables This appliance is more expensive than that one. This problem is more difficult than the other one.
1. Adjetivos monosslabos: Terminados em e acrescenta-se apenas r: Joan is nicer than Susy. Terminados em consoante + vogal + consoante, dobram a consoante final e acrecenta-se er: Sally is fatter than Jim, so Jim is thinner than Sally.
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2. Adjetivos disslabos: Na sua memria, formam o grau comparativo usando more + adjetivo + than. Alguns adjetivos de duas slabas, tais como stupid, gentle, polite, quiet, simple, common, clever, narrow e pleasant, admitem as duas formas: adjetivo + er + than ou more + adjetivo + than. Your son is more polite / politer than mine.
3. Adjetivos terminados em y precedidos de consoante, elimina-se o y e acrescenta-se ier: This exercises is easier than that one. The boys are uglier than the girls. Exceo: shy- shyer
4. Formas irregulars: Life today is better than in the past. Good better Bad worse
EXERCISES
1. Make sentences. a) John / tall / Bob John isnt as tall as Bob. So John is shorter than Bob. b) Mary / fat / Jane. c) Cristina / fat / Jane d) This problem / difficult / that problem
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e) This watch / bad / that watch
VOCABULARY EXPANSION ADJECTIVES
___________________________
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____________________________
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____________________________
_______________________________
____________________________
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clean / dirty old / new
easy / hard wet / dry
empty / full close / far
high / low long / short
Superlative One syllable The + adjective + est Tom is the tallest boy of his group The most + adjective Two or more syllables Helen is the most careful girl of her group. Jane is the most outgoing girl in the school. __________________________________________________________________
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Obs.: o grau superlativo segue as mesmas regras de formao do grau comparativo.
Formas irregulares: This game is the best of the year. Good the best Bad the worst
EXERCISES 1. Complete the sentences with the given adjectives in the superlative: a) (expensive) This is ________________________ computer of them all. b) (new) This is ________________________ book on the store. c) (small) This is ________________________ house on the street. d) (polite) Carol is ________________________ girl in the school. e) (sad) Herbert is ________________________ boy of them all. f) (smart) This is ________________________ dog on the street. g) (careful) My brothers is ________________________ boy I know.
2. Choose the correct alternative: a) Jack is _____________ friend I have. ( ) better than ( ) the best ( ) as good as b) This is _____________ math problem. ( ) the worst ( ) worse than ( ) as bad as c) My grandfather is _____________ my grandmother. ( ) as tall ( ) taller than ( ) the tallest d) This jacket is _____________ that one. ( ) as good __________________________________________________________________
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( ) the best ( ) better man e) This refrigerator is _____________ that dishwasher. ( ) more expensive than ( ) the most expensive ( ) expensive as f) Helen is _____________ woman in my family. ( ) the older ( ) the oldest ( )older than g) My cat is _____________ your dog. ( ) uglier ( ) uglier than ( ) the ugliest h) The supermarket near your house is _____________ the supermarket near my house. ( ) as big ( ) the biggest ( ) bigger than i) Rio de Janeiro is one of _____________ cities in the world. ( ) the most beautiful ( ) more beautiful than ( ) as beautiful as
UNIT 14
PREPOSITIONS
Prepositions of Time At Com horas, momentos, festividades 63

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Ill be there at 2 oclock. Hes working at this moment. On com dias da semana, dias do ms. I play tennis on Sundays. He was born on may 23rd. In com anos, meses, estaes de tempo, partes do dia. He graduated in 2003. She is going to Mxico in the summer. He goes to school in the mornings. During com substantivos, para mostrar quanto dura uma ao. He slept during the film. For Com expresses adverbiais de tempo, para mostrar quanto dura uma ao. He has slept for 2 hours. From com um ponto de incio quase sempre seguido de till, until ou to para mostrar por quanto tempo a situo continua. I studied German from 2002 till / untill / to 2004.
EXERCISES 1. Complete with the correct prepositions: a) Bob will meet his girlfriend __________________ 8 oclock. b) I play football __________________ Saturdays. c) Carol will stay in London __________________ the summer. d) He slept __________________ the flight to Caracas. e) We worked in Teresina __________________ June __________________ October. f) Susy will go to Paris __________________ January 22nd. 2. Ask and answer the questions: a) you / 12 / 24 When were you born? I was born on December twenty-fourth. b) Douglas and Michael / 8 / 13 __________________________________________________________________
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c) Richard / 9 / 5 / 1998 d) your girlfriend / 11 / 28 /1989
3. Ask and answer the questions? a) Jane / mornings When did Jane study English? Jane studied English during / in the mornings. b) Paul / January / July c) the boys / April d) John / Monday / Saturday
VOCABULARY EXPANSION PREPOSITIONS
_________________
__________ 65
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_______________
_______________ ________________
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behind between
in front under on
in
by over
Prepositions of place and direction In com cidades, estados, pases. She works in Curitiba. He studies in Texas. He lives in the United States. On com endereos incompletes Betty lives on Madison Avenue. At com endereos completes. Betty lives at 456 Madison Avenue. Across do outro lado 66
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Sam is across the avenue. Next to, Beside ao lado She lives next to Jane. Out para for a, sem complemento. Go out! Out of para fora, com complemento. Go out of the room. In Para dentro, sem complemento Come in. Into para dentro, com complemento Come into the room. Inside do lado de dentro. She is inside the car. Outside do lado de for a He is outside the car. Through- atravs de. They are passing through the tunnel. Towards- com sentido de direo They went towards the place of the accident. To- com sentido de destino They went to the party. Beyond - alm de, do outro lado The farm is beyond the city. Above- You can see a helicopter above the mountains. You can see a helicopter above the mountains. Bellow abaixo de, mais baixo do que The antique vase is bellow that big picture.
EXERCISES
1. Make up sentence with the given words. Put the verbs in the correct verb tenses: a) Bill / be / Manaus / now __________________________________________________________________
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. b) I / buy a house / Regent Street / last year . c) The movie theater / be / the avenue / the drugstore . d) The bus / go / Floripa / now . e) Sally / live / 30 Oxford Street . f) The train / Rio de Janeiro / leave / afternoon. . g) Tom / be / the street. . h) Marcelos car / be / the fence. .
UNIT 15
REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS
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I You He She It We They
Myself Yourselves Himself Herself Itself Ourselves Themselves
Usos: Como pronomes reflexivos, em que pratica e sofre a ao: Stay away from the fire. You are going to burn yourself. Como pronome enftico, significando mesmo(a), prprio(a). Nesse caso, pode ser usado logo aps o sujeito ou logo aps o complemento verbal: John himself repaired the TV. John repaired the TV himself. Antecedido pela preposio by, significa sozinho(a): She did the math exercises by herself.
EXERCISES 1. Complete the sentences with reflexive pronouns: a) I think she was angry with ___________________ because she was getting fatter. b) We usually enjoy ___________________ when we go to the beach. c) Julie and Sarah are going to live by ___________________ in Rome. d) Whats the problem with you and Maggie? You are repeating ___________________. e) The movie ___________________ was very good, but the artist werent. f) She repaired the machine by ___________________. g) My son cut ___________________ when he was playing in the yard. __________________________________________________________________
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2. Complete the dialogs using reflexive pronouns: a) A: Who cleaned the office? B: I cleaned it ___________________. A: What about Betsy? B: She ___________________ asked me to do that. b) A: I think those man are going to talk to the president __________________. B: The secretary ___________________ told Mr. Todd to talk to them. A: Look, Mr. Todd ___________________ is calling them to go into his office. c) A: Shirley doesnt have much tome to buy the things for the party. B: Yes, she ___________________ said she will be on vacation. A: Who will buy the things for the party? B: We will buy the things ___________________.
REVIEW EXERCISES
ARTICLES __________________________________________________________________
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Choose the correct answer. 1. Can you tell me how to get to ___ bank from here? a) a c) the b) an d) (Nothing)
2. ___ city museum is closed today. a) a c) the b) an d) (Nothing)
3. He is one of ___ smartest people I know. a) a c) the b) an d) (Nothing)
4. I recommend you eat ___ apple pie at this restaurant. a) a c) the b) an d) (Nothing)
5. ___ milk is good for you. a) a c) the b) an d) (Nothing)
6. Would you like to see ___ movie? a) a c) the b) an d) (Nothing)
7. ___ apple a day keeps ___ doctor away. a) a c) the b) an d) (Nothing)
8. I can't believe I failed ___ yesterday's test! a) a c) the b) an d) (Nothing) 71
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9. Do you have ___ dictionary that I can borrow? a) a c) the b) an d) (Nothing)
10. Is there ___ public telephone near here? a) a c) the b) an d) (Nothing)
11. Please speak ___ little louder. a) a c) the b) an d) (Nothing)
12. He has ___ my car today. a) a c) the b) an d) (Nothing)
13. May I have your ___ phone number? a) a c) the b) an d) (Nothing)
14. Please tell me your ___ address. a) a c) the b) an d) (Nothing)
15. This is ___ easy question. a) a c) the b) an d) (Nothing)
16. I have never seen ___ UFO. a) a b) an 72
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c) the
d) (Nothing)
17. What is ___ name of the next station? a) a c) the b) an d) (Nothing)
18. David is ___ best student in our class. a) a c) the b) an d) (Nothing)
19. I went ___ sea during my summer vacation. a) a c) the b) an d) (Nothing) OBJECT PRONOUNS Choose the correct answer. 1. Is she writing to Leonardo di Caprio? a) her c) his 2. John is making a lot of noise! a) him c) its b) it d)her b)him d) it
3. Please tell Mrs. Smith to come in. Sorry, I don't know ___. a) her c) she 4. I can't find my glasses! You are wearing ___! a) them c) they b) there d) him b) him d) he
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5. Do you like bananas? I love ___ ! a) hers c) them b) its d) they
6. Why is he always talking about Pamela Anderson? He obviously likes ___ ! a) her c) she b) him d) he
7. Where is my book? Oh, dear! I've lost ___ ! a) him c) its 8. Is that Mary's new boyfriend? Don't ask me, ask ___! a) her c) it 9. What is the title of that song? I'm afraid I can't remember ___. a) him c) them 10. Why is David so happy? His friends gave ___a guitar for his birthday! a) him c) them b) it d) they b) it d) they b) his d) its b) it d) he
11. What are you going to do with those old papers? I'm going to recycle ___. a) their c) they b) them d) him
12. Let's see the latest Spielberg movie! I have seen ___ already! a) him c) there b) it d) they 74
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13. How are your parents? I haven't seen ___ for some time now! a) them c) they 14. Have you met Tom and Lisa? No, I have never met ___ . a) its c) them b) the d) they POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS Choose the correct answer. 1. It belongs to me, it's ___ a) mine c) his b) hers d) its b) there d) him
2. It belongs to my father, it's ___ a) his c) hers 3. It belongs to her, it's ___ a) theirs c) hers b) ours d) his b) mine d) its
4. It belongs to Mr. and Mrs. Smith, it's ___ a) theirs c) yours b) ours d) its
5. It belongs to me and my wife, it's ___ a) yours c) thers b) mine d) ours
6. It belongs to my mother, it's ___ . a) mine c) his 7. It belongs to him, it's ___ . a) his b) hers 75 b) hers d) theirs
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c) theirs 8. It belongs to you, it's ___ . a) mine c) yours
d) mine
b) ours d) theirs
9. It belongs to the dog, it's ___ . a) its c) hers 10. It belongs to them, it's ___ . a) mine c) yours b) its d) theirs b) yours d) mine
POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVES Choose the correct answer. 1. John Anderson forgot ___ book. a) my c) her b) his d) your
2. Mary and Susan talk like ____ mother. a) my c) our 3. Alex and I were late for ___ class . a) its c) our b) my d) their b) your d) their
4. Princess Caroline is wearing ___ new Gucci gown. a) him c) your b) her d) their
5. Where are ___ keys? I can't find them. MY a) my c) her b) his d) ours
6. Where do you keep ___ money, in the bank? YOUR __________________________________________________________________

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a) their c) our
b) my d) your
7. Everyone should bring ___ signed receipt. HIS/HER a) his c) your b) her d) our
THERE IS/ARE Complete with is or are. 1. There _____ many animals in the zoo. 2. There _____ a snake in the window. 3. There _____ a zebra in the grass. 4. There _____ lions in the zoo, too. 5. There _____ many baby lions near their parents. 6. There _____ a bird next to the tree. 7. There _____ many monkeys in the trees. 8. There _____ an elephant in the zoo. 9. There _____ some water in the lake near the elephants. 10. There _____ birds in the zoo. 11. There _____many people visiting the animals today. 12. There _____many children, too. 13. There _____a gorilla in the tree. 14. There _____ some grass under the tree. 15. There _____bananas in the tree with the gorilla. 16. There _____ many birds near the gorilla. 17. There _____ a rock near the tree. 18. There _____ many sharks in the aquarium. 19. There _____ an eel in the aquarium, too. 20. There _____ lots of water for the fish. __________________________________________________________________
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INFINITIVE OR PRESENT CONTINUOUS Choose the correct answer. 1. Karen is fond ___ chocolate. a) of eating b) to eat
2. Dan objected to ___ sent home early a) Being 3. Debbie succeeded ___ the tournament. a) to win 4. Helen is busy ___ Sunday dinner. a) to prepare 5. It is no use ___ after 9:00. a) Calling b) to call b) preparing b) in winning b) Be
6. Clarence gave up ___ cigarettes but not cigars. a) Smoking b) to smoke
7. I have the pleasure ___ the next guest. a) to introduce 8. Not everyone enjoys ___ tennis. a) to play 9. Bad weather prevented the team ___. a) to play 10. The new museum is worth ___. a) Visiting b) to visit b) from playing b) playing b) of introducing
11. Fumi is used to ___ natto for breakfast. a) Eat 12. There is no harm ___ the truth. a) in telling b) to tell b) Eating
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WAS / WERE Choose the correct answer. 1. A man ___ walking his dog. a) was 2. A lot of people ___ shopping. a) was b) were b) were
3. Tom and Sarah ___ watching television. a) was 4. Two teenage boys ___ fighting. a) was b) were b) were
5. Sally ___ jogging with her friend this morning. a) was 6. Another man ___ watching her. a) was b) were b) were
7. The students ___ using the computer lab. a) was b) were
8. The young newly weds ___ sleeping. a) was 9. A baby ___ crying. a) was 10. A lot of people ___ working. a) was b) were b) were b) were
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SIMPLE PAST OR PAST CONTINUOUS Complete with simple past or past continuous. 1. Complete the dialogue with simple past or past continuous. A: Hi, Mary. I ___ (see/neg.) you at school last Monday. B: Hello, Bob. I ___ (come/neg.) on Monday. I wasn't ___ (feel) well, so I ___ (decide) to go to the doctor. A: Oh! ___ (be) it serious? B: No, the doctor ___ (examine) me and ___ (tell) me I ___ (have) the flu. He ___ (prescribe) some medicine and ___ (tell) me to go home and rest. A: ___ you ___ (stay) home all day last Monday? B: No, only in the morning. I ___ (have) to work in the afternoon, and guess what? A: What? B: When a friend ___ (drive) me home, he ___ (crash) his car. He ___ (see/neg.) the red light. A: ___ anyone ___ (get) hurt? B: Thank God, nobody ___ (do). A: I'm happy to hear that. Well, Mary, I have to rush now. While I ___ (listen) to your story, I ___ (remember) that my wife ___ (ask) me to go to the mechanic to get our car. See you later. Take care. B: You too. Bye.
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SIMPLE PRESENT VERBS Choose the correct answer. 1. She ___ four languages. a) speak b) speaks
2. Jane is a teacher. She ___ French. a) teach b) teaches
3. When the kettle ___, will you make some tea? a) boil b) boils
4. I always ___ the window at night because it is cold. a) close 5. Those shoes ___ too much. a) cost b) costs b) closes
6. The food in Japan is expensive. It ___ a lot to live there. a) cost b) costs
7. His job is great because he ___ a lot of people. a) meet b) meets
8. He always ___ his car on Sundays. a) wash b) washes
9. My watch is broken and it ___ to be fixed again. a) need 10. I ___ to watch movies. a) love b) loves b) needs
11. I ___ to the cinema at least once a week. a) go b) goes
12. They never ___ tea in the morning. a) drink b) drinks 81
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13. We both ___ to the radio in the morning. a) listen 14. He ___ a big wedding. a) want b) wants b) listens
15. George ___ too much so he's getting fat. a) eat b) eats
16. The earth ___ round the sun, doesn't it? a) go b) goes
17. The shops in England ___ at 9:00 in the morning. a) open 18. The post office ___ at 5:30 pm. a) close 19. Jackie ___ two children now. a) has b) have b) closes b) opens
20. Mr. Smith ___ too much. He always has a cigarette in his mouth. a) smoke b) smokes
21. When the phone ___, please answer it. a) ring b) rings
DO / DOES / DID Choose the correct answer. 1. I don't like ice-cream, but he ___. a. do b. does c. did 2. You don't need glasses, but I ___. a. do b. does c. did __________________________________________________________________
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3. Sally didn't enjoy the movies, but everyone else ___. a. do b. does c. did 4. Dave doesn't want to go out tonight, but his girlfriend ___. a. do b. does c. did 5. My parents don't live in England, but I ___. a. do b. does c. did 6. She doesn't smoke, but he ___. a. do b. does c. did 7. I don't know her very well, but my friends ___. a. do b. does c. did 8. This car doesn't go as fast as my old one ___. a. do b. does c. did 9. I don't type very well, but my boyfriend ___. a. do b. does c. did 10. He said he would do it and he ___. a. do
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b. does c. did DONT / DOESNT / DIDNT
Choose the correct answer. 1. Tom likes curry, but his family ___. a. don't b. doesn't c. didn't 2. My sister works in a bank, but I ___. a. don't b. doesn't c. didn't 3. John and Mary went to the movies last night, but I ___. a. don't b. doesn't c. didn't 4. Mr. Jones eats meat, but his wife ___. a. don't b. doesn't c. didn't 5. He wants to, but they ___. a. don't b. doesn't c. didn't 6. I went, but he ___. a. don't b. doesn't c. didn't 7. They bought it, but we ___. a. don't __________________________________________________________________
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b. doesn't c. didn't 8. I want to go to Paris for my honeymoon, but she ___. a. don't b. doesn't c. didn't 9. He said he would ring, but I ___ think he will. a. don't b. doesn't c. didn't 10. My wife needs glasses now, but her mother still ___. a. don't b. doesn't c. didn't
GOING TO Choose the correct answer. 1. What ___ this weekend? a. you are going to do b. are you going to do c. your gonna do 2. I'm not sure. ___ anything special? a. Are you going to do b. You are going to do c. Is going to do 3. My friend Melissa and I ___ a party. Would you like to come? a. am going to b. are going to go to c. go to __________________________________________________________________
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4. I'd love to! ___? a. What's it going to be b. Who's go to be c. Where's it going to be 5. It is ___ to be at Ruth's house. a. go b. going c. gonna 6. What time ___ start? a. is it going to b. it's going to c. it 7. At 10 P.M. ___ invite? a. Who are you going to b. What you're going to c. When you going to 8. I don't know. I think ___ anyone. a. I'm going invite b. I'm not go invite c. I'm not going to invite
PLURAL FORMS AND IRREGULAR NOUNS
1. How many__________ (person/people) study English as a second language? 2. Five__________(woman/women) opened a computer services company. 3. Even__________ (child/children) enjoy learning on the Internet. 4. Most basketball players are 6__________ (foot/feet) tall or more. 5. My__________ (tooth/teeth) are sensitive to the cold. __________________________________________________________________
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6. At daylight savings time, we have to change our__________ (watch/watches). 7. There are 10__________ (man/men) in the Maintenance Department. 8. The__________ (wife/wives) keep their__________ (knife/knives) on the__________ (shelf/shelves).
WHAT / WHEN / WHERE Complete with What, where or when 1. ______ is the name of the President of the United States of America? 2. ______ month is the Chinese new year? 3. ______ is Christmas Day? 4. ______ did Neil Armstrong say when he first landed on the moon? 5. ______ did he first land? 6. ______ did the Americans drop the atomic bomb on Hiroshima? 7. ______ is New York city? 8. ______ is that called in English? 9. ______ are the Hawaiian islands? 10. ______ are you doing this afternoon?
HOW MUCH / HOW MANY Complete with how much or how many 1. How ___ apples did you buy? 2. How ___ do you weigh? 3. How ___ does it cost to fly to America? __________________________________________________________________
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4. How ___ brothers and sisters do you have? 5. How ___times a day do you brush your teeth? 6. How ___ was your computer? 7. How ___ photos did you take? 8. How ___ water did he drink? 9. How ___ people did you invite? 10. How ___ mistakes did you make on the test?
SHORT ANSWERS Give the short answers 1. Are you busy? Yes, ____________. 2. Do you live in New York? No, ____________. 3. Can Sylvia ride a bike? Yes, ____________. 4. Does your father read the newspaper every day? Yes, ____________. 5. Do you and your friends play soccer on Saturday? No, ____________. 6. Is your sister a doctor? No, ____________. 7. Can Jack and Brian play the piano? Yes, ____________. 8. Is Paris big? Yes, ____________. __________________________________________________________________
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9. Are you thirsty? No, ____________. 10. Does Robert like pepperoni pizza? No, ____________. 11. Are the students listening to music? No, ____________. 12. Is the supermarket next to the post office? No, ____________. 13. Is Leonardo di Caprio Vietnamese? No, ____________. 14. Is your mother sleeping? No, ____________. 15. Can you speak Portuguese? Yes, ____________.
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LISTS
LIST OF IRREGULAR VERBS Present Tense arise awake be bear beat become begin behold bend bet bid bind bite bleed blow break breed bring broadcast build buy cast catch choose come cost creep cut deal dig Simple Past arose awoke was; were bore beat became began beheld bent bet bid bound bit bled blew broke bred brought broadcast built bought cast caught chose came cost crept cut dealt dug Past Participle arisen awoken been borne beaten become begun beheld bent bet bid bound bitten bled blown broken bred brought broadcast built bought cast caught chosen come cost crept cut dealt dug Traduo surgir; erguer-se despertar ser; estar suportar; dar a luz bater tornar-se comear contemplar curvar, entortar apostar oferecer, fazer uma oferta unir; encadernar morder sangrar soprar; explodir quebrar procriar, reproduzir trazer irradiar, transmitir (via TV ou rdio) construir comprar arremessar, atirar pegar, apanhar escolher vir custar rastejar cortar negociar, tratar cavar
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do draw drink drive eat fall feed feel fight find flee fly forbid forget forgive freeze get give go grind grow have hear hide hit hold hurt keep know lay lead leave lend let lie lose
did drew drank drove ate fell fed felt fought found fled flew forbade forgot forgave froze got gave went ground grew had heard hid hit held hurt kept knew laid led left lent let lay lost
done drawn drunk driven eaten fallen fed felt fought found fled flown forbidden forgotten forgiven frozen gotten given gone ground grown had heard hidden hit held hurt kept known laid led left lent let lain lost
fazer desenhar beber dirigir (veculo) comer cair alimentar sentir lutar encontrar fugir, escapar voar; pilotar proibir esquecer perdoar congelar obter dar ir moer crescer; cultivar ter ouvir esconder bater, atingir segurar; abraar ferir, machucar; magoar manter saber; conhecer pr; botar ovos (Compare "LIE" com "LAY") liderar deixar, partir emprestar (Compare "LEND" com "BORROW") deixar deitar (Compare "LIE" com "LAY") perder
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make mean meet overcome overtake pay put quit read /riid/ ride ring rise run saw say see seek sell send set shake shed shine shoot show shrink shut sing sink sit slay sleep slide speak spend spin spit
made meant met overcame overtook paid put quit read /rd/ rode rang rose ran sawed said saw sought sold sent set shook shed shone shot showed shrank shut sang sank sat slew slept slid spoke spent spun spit / spat
made meant met overcome overtaken paid put quit read /rd/ ridden rung risen run sawn said seen sought sold sent set shaken shed shone shot shown shrunk shut sung sunk sat slain slept slid spoken spent spun spit / spat
fazer, fabricar significar encontrar; conhecer superar alcanar; conseguir pagar pr, colocar desistir, abandonar ler cavalgar; andar (de bicicleta); passear tocar (campainha) erguer-se (Compare "RISE" com "RAISE") correr; concorrer (em eleio) serrar dizer ver buscar; procurar vender enviar pr, colocar; ajustar tremer derramar brilhar, reluzir atirar; filmar mostar, exibir encolher fechar cantar afundar sentar matar, assassinar dormir deslizar, escorregar falar gastar fazer girar cuspir
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spread spring stand steal stick sting stink strike strive swear sweep swim swing take teach tear tell think throw undergo understand uphold wear win write
spread sprang stood stole stuck stung stank struck strove swore swept swam swung took taught tore told thought threw underwent understood upheld wore won wrote
spread sprung stood stolen stuck stung stunk struck striven sworn swept swum swung taken taught torn told thought thrown undergone understood upheld worn won written
espalhar; disseminar, difundir saltar ficar em p; suportar furtar fincar, enfiar picar, ferroar feder golpear; atacar esforar-se jurar varrer nadar balanar tomar ensinar; lecionar rasgar contar pensar jogar, atirar submeter-se a entender sustentar; apoiar vestir; usar (roupa) vencer escrever
LIST OF CARDINAL NUMBERS 11- eleven 12 twelve 13 thirteen 14 fouteen 15 fifteen 16 sixteen 17 seventeen 18 eighteen 19 nineteen 20 twenty 30 thirty 31 thirty-one 40 forty 50 fifty 60 sixty 70 seventy 80 eighty 90 ninety 100 one hundred 200 two hundred
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21 twenty-one 22 twenty-two 23 Twenty three
1.000 Thousand 2.000 Two thousand 1.000.000 one million
FALSES COGNATES Palavra em ingles Actually Adept Amass Anticipate Application Appointment Appreciation Argument Assist Assume Attend Audience Balcony Baton Beef Cafeteria Camera Carton Cigar Collar College Commodity Competition Comprehensive Compromise Contest Convenient Costume Data Deception Design Editor significa em portugus na verdade ..., o fato que ... especialista, conhecedor acumular, juntar aguardar, ficar na expectativa inscrio, registro, uso hora marcada gratido, reconhecimento discusso, bate boca ajudar, dar suporte presumir assistir, participar de platia, pblico sacada batuta (msica), cacetete carne de gado refeitrio tipo universitrio mquina fotogrfica caixa de papelo charuto gola, colarinho, coleira faculdade, ensino de 3 grau artigo, mercadoria concorrncia abrangente, amplo, extenso entrar em acordo competio, concurso prtico fantasia (roupa) dados (informaes) fraude, o ato de enganar projetar, criar; projeto, estilo redator e no Atualmente Adepto Amassar Antecipar Aplicao Apontamento Apreciao Argumento Assistir Assumir Atender Audincia Balco Batom Bife Cafeteria Cmara Carto Cigarro Colar Colgio Comodidade Competio Compreensivo Compromisso Contexto Conveniente Costume Data Decepo Designar Editor que em ingles nowadays, today supporter crush to bring forward investment note judgement reasoning, point to attend, to watch to take over to help; to answer interview counter lipstick steak coffee shop tube (de pneu) card cigarette necklace high school comfort contest understanding appointment; date context appropriate custom, habit date disappointment to appoint publisher
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Educated Emission Enroll Eventually Exciting Exit Expert Exquisite Fabric Genial Grip Hazard Idiom Injury Intend Intoxication Jar Journal Lamp Legend Library Location Lunch Magazine Mayor Medicine Moisture Motel Notice Novel Office Parents Particular Pasta Pretend Pull Push Range Realize
instrudo descarga (de gases, etc.) inscrever-se finalmente, conseqentemente empolgante sada, sair especialista, perito belo, refinado tecido afvel, aprazvel agarrar firme risco, arriscar expresso idiomtica, linguajar ferimento pretender, ter inteno embriaguez, efeito de drogas pote peridico, revista luminria lenda biblioteca localizao almoo revista prefeito remdio, medicina umidade hotel de beira de estrada notar, aperceber-se romance escritrio pais especfico, exato massa (alimento) fingir puxar empurrar variar, cobrir notar, perceber, dar-se conta
Educado Emisso Enrolar Eventualmente Excitante xito Esperto Esquisito Fbrica Genial Gripe Azar Idioma Injria Entender Intoxicao Jarra Jornal Lmpada Legenda Livraria Locao Lanche Magazine Maior Medicina Mistura Motel Notcia Novela Oficial Parentes Particular Pasta Procurar Pular Puxar Ranger Realizar
well-mannered issuing to roll; to curl occasionally thrilling success smart, clever strange, odd plant, factory brilliant cold, flu, influenza bad luck language insult understand poisoning pitcher newspaper light bulb subtitle book shop rental snack department store bigger medicine mix, mixture, blend hot-pillow joint news soap opera official relatives personal, private paste; folder. to intend, to plan to jump to pull to creak, to grind to accomplish
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Recipient Requirement Rsum Stupid Support Tax Trainer Turn Vegetables
recebedor, agraciado requisito curriculum vitae, currculo burro apoiar imposto preparador fsico vez, volta, curva; virar, girar verduras, legumes
Recipiente Requerimento Resumo Estpido Suportar Taxa Treinador Turno Vegetais
container request, petition summary impolite, rude can stand rate; fee coach shift; round plants
Comparative & Superlative Adjective Bad Clever Far (distance) Far (more, additional) Good Hot Little Many Much Narrow Pretty Shy Worse Cleverer Farther / further Further Better Hotter Less More More Narrower Prettier shyer Comparative Superlative the worst the cleverest the farthest / the furthest the furthest the best the hottest the least the most the most the narrowest the prettiest the shyest
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GOVERNO DO ESTADO DO

CURSO DE QUALIFICAO PROFISSIONAL

ALUNO (A): -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------PROFESSOR (A): ------------------------------------------------------------------------------

VOCABULARY EXPANSION - NOUNS

bus nook bike cup of coffee television __________________________________________________________________

VOCABULARY EXPANSION JOBS

_______________ ________________ ____________

Subject Pronouns I You

Verb to be Simple Present Tense am a fireman. are a policeman. 7

He She It We You They

is a mechanic. is a nurse. is an office. are divers. are lawyers. are students.

Subject Pronouns Object Pronouns

VOCABULARY EXPANSION - NOUNS

That hamburger is mine. Those sandwiches are yours.

Mine Yours His Hers Ours

GENITIVE CASE: noun + s + noun

A forma possessiva frequentemente usada com: Pessoas ou animais 12

VOCABULARY EXPANSION FAMILY

My grandfather is shy. His sister is shy. Their mother is shy.

I You He She It We They

My Your His Her Its our their

Who is this man? .

Who is this woman? ..

b) Computer/ theirs / Carol and Paul Wright.

c) Radio / mine / Kate Miller.

d) TV set / ours / Peter and Robert Watson.

VOCABULARY EXPANSION - VERS

Usos: Why Usado em perguntas. Because Usado em respostas.

SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE - VERB THERE TO BE

There is / There are Simple present tense __________________________________________________________________

Affirmative Form Interrogative Form Negative Form

1. There is or there are?

2. Change to negative and, then, to interrogative form.

b) There is a telephone in the classroom. ... __________________________________________________________________

c) There are difficult words in the text. ...

d) There are different languages in Brazil. ...

VOCABULARY EXPANSION VERBS

PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE

She is watching TV.

Is she watching TV?

She is not watching TV.

They are dancing.

Are they dancing?

They are not dancing.

I am working in Brazil now. __________________________________________________________________

to take a bath to catch

SIMPLE PAST TENSE TO BE

VOCABULARY EXPANSION - VERBS

SIMPLE PAST TENSE - VERB THERE TO BE __________________________________________________________________

VOCABULARY EXPANSION VERBS

PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE

You were reading tales last night.

Were she reading tales last night?

You were not reading tales last night.

Exprimir fatos em geral I like to travel We live in Argentina

Enunciar verdade em geral: Water boils at 100 degrees Celsius.

e) My mother relaxes after lunch. .

VOCABULARY EXPANSION VERBS

to put on to win SIMPLE PAST TENSE

to turn off to give

to share to throw away

SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE

VOCABULARY EXPANSION VERBS

FUTURE WITH GOING TO

___

n) stomach-_________ o) pockets-_ p) process- q) typist-__________

r) cowboy- s) housewife- t) boss- u) mouse-

7. _ apple a day keeps _ doctor away. a) a c) the b) an d) (Nothing)

6. Where do you keep _ money, in the bank? YOUR ________________________________________________________________