Cap 06

COSMOS: Complete Online Solutions Manual Organization System
Chapter 6, Solution 1.
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Joint FBDs:
Joint B:
FAB 800 lb FBC = = 15 8 17 so
FAB = 1500 lb T
FBC = 1700 lb C
Joint C:
FAC Cx 1700 lb = = 8 15 17 FAC = 800 lb T
Vector Mechanics for Engineers: Statics and Dynamics, 8/e, Ferdinand P. Beer, E. Russell Johnston, Jr., Elliot R. Eisenberg, William E. Clausen, David Mazurek, Phillip J. Cornwell 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies.
Joint FBDs: Joint B:

Fx = 0: Fy = 0: 1 4 FAB FBC = 0 5 2 1 3 FAB + FBC 4.2 kN = 0 5 2
so
7 FBC = 4.2 kN 5
FBC = 3.00 kN C !
FAB = 3.39 kN C !
Joint C:
FAB =
12 2 kN 5
Fx = 0:
4 12 (3.00 kN) FAC = 0 5 13 FAC = 13 kN 5 FAC = 2.60 kN T !
Joint FBDs:
Joint B:
FAB FBC 450 lb = = 12 13 5 so FAB = 1080 lb T FBC = 1170 lb C
Joint C:
Fx = 0:
3 12 FAC (1170 lb ) = 0 5 13 FAC = 1800 lb C
Joint FBDs:
Joint D:
FCD FAD 500 lb = = 8.4 11.6 8 FAD = 725 lb T FCD = 525 lb C
Joint C:
Fx = 0:
FBC 525 lb = 0 FBC = 525 lb C
This is apparent by inspection, as is FAC = C y
Fx = 0:
8.4 3 (725 lb) FAB 375 lb = 0 11.6 5 FAB = 250lb T
Joint A:
Fy = 0:
FAC
4 8 (250 lb) (725 lb) = 0 5 11.6 FAC = 700 lb C
FBD Truss: Fx = 0 :
By symmetry: C y = D y = 6 kN
Cx = 0
Joint FBDs: Joint B:

Fy = 0: 3 kN + 1 FAB = 0 5
FAB = 3 5 = 6.71 kN T
Joint C:
Fx = 0:
2 FAB FBC = 0 5
FBC = 6.00 kN C
Fy = 0: Fx = 0:
6 kN
3 FAC = 0 5 4 FAC + FCD = 0 5
FAC = 10.00 kN C FCD = 2.00 kN T
Joint A:
6 kN
Fy = 0:
1 3 2 3 5 kN + 2 10 kN 6 kN = 0 check 5 5
By symmetry:
FAE = FAB = 6.71 kN T FAD = FAC = 10.00 kN C FDE = FBC = 6.00 kN C
FBD Truss:
M A = 0:
(10.2 m ) C y + ( 2.4 m )(15 kN ) ( 3.2 m )( 49.5 kN ) = 0

C y = 12.0 kN
Joint FBDs: Joint FBDs: Joint C:

FBC F 12 kN = CD = 7.4 7.4 8 FBC = 18.50 kN C FCD = 18.50 kN T 4 7 (18.5 kN) = 0 FAB 5 7.4 FAB = 21.875 kN; Fy = 0: FAB = 21.9 kN C
Joint B:
FX = 0:
3 2.4 (21.875 kN) 49.5 kN + (18.5 kN) + FBD = 0 5 7.4 FBD = 30.375 kN; FBD = 30.4 kN C
Joint D:
Fx = 0: 4 7 FAD + (18.5 kN ) + 15 kN = 0 5 7.4 FAD = 40.6 kN T
FAD = 40.625 kN;
Joint FBDs:
Joint E:
FBE FDE 3 kN = = 5 4 3 FBE = 5.00 kN T FDE = 4.00 kN C Fx = 0: FAB + 4 (5 kN) = 0 5 FAB = 4.00 kN T Fy = 0: FBD 6 kN 3 (5 kN) = 0 5 FBD = 9.00 kN C
Joint B:
Joint D:
Fy = 0:
3 FAD 9 kN = 0 5 FAD = 15.00 kN T 4 (15 kN) 4 kN = 0 5 FCD = 16.00 kN C
Fx = 0: FCD
Joint FBDs:
Joint B:
By inspection: FAB = 12.00 kips C FBD = 0
Joint A:
FAC FAD 12 kips = = 5 13 12 FAC = 5.00 kips C FAD = 13.00 kips T
Joint D:
Fx = 0: FCD
12 (13 kips) 18 kips = 0 13 FCD = 30.0 kips C
Fy = 0:
5 (13 kips) FDF = 0 13 FDF = 5.00 kips T
Joint C:
Fx = 0: 30 kips
12 FCF = 0 13 FCF = 32.5 kips T 5 (32.5 kips) 13 FCE = 17.50 kips C
Fy = 0: FCE 5 kips
Joint E:
by inspection:
FCF = 0
First note that, by inspection of joint H:
FCH = 0 ! and
FDH = FGH FCG = 0 ! and FBC = FCD FBG = 0 ! and FFG = FGH FBF = 0 ! and FAB = FBC
then, by inspection of joint C:
then, by inspection of joint G:

Joint FBDs: Joint D:
then, by inspection of joint B:
FCD FDH 10 kips = = 12 13 5

Joint A:
so
FCD = 24.0 kips T ! FDH = 26.0 kips C !
and, from above:
FAB = FBC = 24.0 kips T ! FGH = FFG = 26.0 kips C !
FAF F 24 kips = AE = 5 4 41
Joint F:
FAF = 30.0 kips C ! FAE = 25.6 kips T !
Fx = 0: FEF
12 (26 kips) = 0 13 FEF = 24.0 kips C !

FBD Truss:
Fx = 0: H x = 0 By symmetry: A y = H y = 4 kips by inspection of joints C and G : FAC = FCE and FBC = 0 FEG = FGH and FFG = 0 also, by symmetry FAB = FFH , FBD = FDF , FCE = FEG and FBE = FEF
Joint FBDs: Joint A:
FAB FAC 3 kips = = 5 4 3 so FAB = 5.00 kips C FAC = 4.00 kips T and, from above, FFH = 5.00 kips C and
Fx = 0: Fy = 0:
Joint B:
FCE = FEG = FGH = 4.00 kips T
4 4 10 (5 kips) FBE FBD = 0 5 5 109 3 3 3 FBD + FBE = 0 ( 5 kips ) 2 5 5 109
so
FBD = 3.9772 kips, FBE = 0.23810 kips or FBD = 3.98 kips C FBE = 0.238 kips C FDF = 3.98 kips C FEF = 0.238 kips C 3 (0.23810 kips) = 0 5 FDE = 0.286 kips T
Joint E:
and, from above,
Fy = 0 :
FDE 2

FBD Truss:
Fx = 0: M G = 0:
Ax = 0
3a Ay 2a (3 kN) a (6 kN) = 0
A y = 4 kN
by inspection of joint C, by inspection of joint D, FAC = FCE and FBC = 0 FBD = FDF and FDE = 6.00 kN C
FAC FAB 4 kN = = 21 29 20 FAB = 5.80 kN C FAC = 4.20 kN C from above, FCE = 4.20 kN C 20 20 ( 5.80 kN ) 3 kN FBE = 0 29 29 FBE =
Fx = 0:
Joint B:
Fy = 0:
29 20
FBE = 1.450 kN T
21 29 kN FBD = 0 5.80 kN + 29 20 FBD = 5.25 kN C FDF = 5.25 kN C 21 FEF = 0 29 FEF = 7.25 kN T
from above, Fx = 0: 5.25 kN
Joint F:
Fy = 0:
FFG
20 (7.25 kN) 1 kN = 0 29 FFG = 6.00 kN C FEG = 0
by inspection of joint G,

FBD Truss:
Fx = 0:
Ax = 0
By symmetry: A y = B y = 4.90 kN
and
FAB = FEG , FAC = FFG , FBC = FEF FBD = FDE , FCD = FDF
Fx = 0: Fy = 0:
5 4 FAC FAB = 0 5 29 2 3 FAC FAB + 4.9 kN = 0 5 29

FAC = 15.08 kN T
FAC = 2.8 29 kN
FAD = 17.50 kN C
Joint B:
Fx = 0: Fy = 0:
4 1 FBC = 0 (17.5 kN FBD ) 5 2 3 1 FBC 2.8 kN = 0 (17.5 kN FBD ) + 5 2 FBD = 15.50 kN C
FBC = 1.6 2 kN;

Joint C:
FBC = 2.26 kN C
Fy = 0:
4 1 1.6 2 kN FCD 5 2
Fx = 0: FCF
2 (2.8 29 kN) = 0 29 FCD = 9.00 kN T 1 3 5 1.6 2 kN + (9 kN) (2.8 29 kN) = 0 + 5 2 29 FCF = 7.00 kN T
from symmetry,
FEG = 17.50 kN C FFG = 15.08 kN T

FEF = 2.26 kN C
FDE = 15.50 kN C FDF = 9.00 kN T

FBD Truss:
Fx = 0: A x = 0
M A = 0: (8 m) Gy (4 m)(4.2 kN) (2m)(2.8 kN) = 0
G y = 2.80 kN
Fy = 0:
Ay 2.8 kN 4.2 kN + 2.8 kN = 0
A y = 4.2 kN
Fy = 0: Fx = 0: 5 4 FAC FAB = 0 5 29 2 3 FAC FAB + 4.2 kN = 0 5 29
FAB = 15.00 kN C ! FAC = 2.4 29

Joint B:
Fx = 0: Fy = 0:
FAC = 12.92 kN T !
4 1 FBC = 0 (15.00 kN FBD ) 5 2 3 1 FBC 2.8 kN = 0 (15.00 kN FBD ) + 5 2 FBD = 13.00 kN C !
FBC = 1.6 2 kN,

Joint C:
Fy = 0: 4 FCD 5
FBC = 2.26 kN C !
2 1 2.4 29 kN (1.6 2 kN) = 0 29 2
FCD = 8.00 kN T !
Fx = 0: FCF + 3 (8.00 kN ) 5 + 5 (2.4 29 kN) 29
1 (1.6 2 kN) = 0 2
FCF = 5.60 kN T !
continued
By inspection of joint E, Joint F:

Fy = 0: Fx = 0:
FDE = FEG
and
FEF = 0 !
4 FDF 5
2 FFG = 0 29 3 5 5.6 kN FDF + FFG = 0 5 29 FDF = 4.00 kN T !
FFG = 1.6 29 kN
FFG = 8.62 kN T !
Joint G:
Fx = 0:
4 FEG 5
5 (1.6 29 kN) = 0 29
FEG = 10.00 kN C ! from above (joint E) FDE = 10.00 kN C !

FBD Truss:
Fx = 0: A x = 0
M A = 0:
4a H y 3a (1.5 kN) 2a (2 kN)

a (2 kN) = 0
H y = 3.625 kN
Fy = 0:
Ay 1 kN 2 kN 2 kN 1.5 kN 1 kN
+ 3.625 kN = 0
A y = 3.875 kN
FAB FAC 2.625 kN = = 1 29 26
FAB = 15.4823 kN, FAC = 14.6597 kN,
FAB = 15.48 kN C ! FAC = 14.66 kN T !
By inspection of joint C:
Joint B:
Fy = 0:
FCE = FAC = 14.66 kN T,
FBC = 0 !
2 (15.4823 kN FBD ) 2 kN = 0 29
FBD = 10.0971 kN,

Fx = 0:
FBD = 10.10 kN C !
5 (15.4823 kN 10.0971 kN ) FBE = 0 29
FBE = 5.0000 kN,
FBE = 5.00 kN C !
continued
Joint D:
By symmetry:
FDF = 10.0971 kN,
FDF = 10.10 kN C !
Fy = 0:
2 10.0971 kN 2 kN = 0 FDE + 2 29
FDE = 5.50 kN T !
Joint H:
FGH FFH 2.625 kN = = 1 26 29
FFH = 14.1361 kN FGH = 13.3849 kN
FFH = 14.14 kN C ! FGH = 13.38 kN T !
By inspection of joint G:
Fx = 0 :
FEG = FGH = 13.38 kN T
and
FFG = 0 !
FEF +
Joint F:
2 (10.0971 kN 14.1361 kN ) = 0 29
FEF = 3.75 kN C !

FBD Truss:
Fx = 0: A x = 0
M A = 0: 8a ( J y 1 kN) 7a (1 kN) 6a (2.8 kN) 4a (4.5 kN) 2a (4 kN) a(1 kN) = 0
J y = 6.7 kN
Fy = 0: Ay 1 kN 1 kN 1.4 kN 4.5 kN 2.8 kN 1 kN 1 kN + 6.7 kN = 0

Fy = 0:
A y = 6.0 kN
5 kN
3 5 13 FAB = 0, FAB = kN 3 13
FAB = 6.01 kN C !
Fx = 0: FAC 2 13 5 13 kN = 0, 3
FAC = 3.33 kN T !
Joint B:
Fx = 0:
2 5 13 kN FBC FBD = 0, 13 3
Fy = 0:
5 13 kN 3 3 5 13 kN + FBC FBD 1 kN = 0, 13 3 4 13 FBD FBC = kN 3 3 13 kN FBD = FBD = 5.41 kN C ! 2 1 13 kN FBC = FBC = 0.601 kN C ! 6 FBC + FBD =
continued
By inspection of joint F: Joint E: By symmetry:

Fy = 0: 2
FEF = 0 !
FDE = FEG
1 FDE 4.5 kN = 0, 17
FDE =
9 17 kN 4 FDE = 9.28 kN C !
Fx = 0:
Joint D:
FDF +
2 3 4 9 13 kN 17 kN = 0 13 2 17 4 FDF = 6.00 kN T !
Fy = 0:
3 3 1 9 13 kN 1.4 kN FCD 17 kN = 0 13 2 17 4 FCD = 0.850 kN T !
Joint C:
Fy = 0:
0.850 kN
3 13
13 3 kN FCG = 0 6 5
FCG =
Fx = 0: FCI
1.75 kN 3
FCG = 0.583 kN C !
10 4 1.75 2 13 kN 6 kN 3 kN = 0 5 3 13
FCI = 3.47 kN !

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FBD Truss:
Fx = 0:
M A = 0:
Ax = 0 8a( J y 1 kN) 7a(1 kN) 6a(2.8 kN)

4a(4.5 kN) 2a(4 kN) a(1 kN) = 0
J y = 6.7 kN
Fy = 0:
Ay 1 kN 1 kN 1.4 kN 4.5 kN 2.8 kN

1 kN 1 kN + 6.7 kN = 0
A = 6.0 kN FHJ = 1.9 13 kN FHJ = 6.85 kN C !
Joint FBDs: Joint J:
Fy = 0:
(6.7 1) kN
3 FHJ = 0, 13
Fx = 0:
Fx = 0: Fy = 0:
2 (1.9 13 kN) FIJ = 0, 13

2 ( FGH + FHI 1.9 13 kN) = 0 13
FIJ = 3.80 kN T !
Joint H:
3 ( FHI FGH + 1.9 13 kN) 1 kN = 0 13 26 13 kN, FGH = FGH = 6.25 kN C ! 15
FHI =
Joint I:
Fx = 0: 3.80 kN
13 kN, 6
FHI = 0.601 kN C !
2 13 kN FCI = 0 13 6
FCI =
Fy = 0: FGI
10.4 kN, 3
FCI = 3.47 kN T ! FGI = 0.500 kN T !
3 13 kN = 0, 6 13
continued
By inspection of joint F, By symmetry FDE = FEG Joint E:

Fy = 0: 1 FEG 4.5 kN = 0, 2 17
FEF = 0 !
FEG =
9 17 kN 4 FEG = 9.28 kN C !
Joint G:
Fy = 0:
3 26 3 1 9 1 13 kN kN FCG 17 kN 5 13 15 17 4 2 2.8 kN = 0 FCG = 1.75 kN 3 FCG = 0.583 kN C !
Fx = 0:
4 9 4 1.75 17 kN FFG 5 3 17 4 2 26 13 kN = 0 13 15 FFG = 6.00 kN T !

FBD Truss: By load symmetry, A y = H y = 1600 lb
Fx = 0:
Ax = 0
= tan 1
6.72 ft = 16.2602 23.04 ft (1600 lb 400 lb) cos FAC sin = 0
Fy = 0:
FAC = 4114.3 lb Fx = 0: FAC cos 2 FAB cos = 0 FAB = 3613.5 lb
FAC = 4.11 kips T !
FAB = 3.61 kips C !
Fx = 0:
Joint B:
3613.5 lb FBD + (800 lb)sin = 0 FBD = 3837.5 lb FBD = 3.84 kips C !
Fy = 0:
FBC (800 lb) cos = 0 FBC = 768.00 lb FBC = 0.768 kips C !
Fy = 0:
Joint C:
FCD sin 2 (768 lb) cos = 0 FCD = 1371.4 lb FCD = 1.371 kips T !
Fx = 0:
FCE + (1371.4 lb) cos2 (768 lb)sin 4114.3 lb = 0 FCE = 2742.9 lb FCE = 2.74 kips T !
continued
Joint E: Fy = 0: (2742.9 lb)sin 2 FDE cos = 0 FDE = 1.536 kips C ! FDE = 1536.01 lb

FBD Truss:
By load symmetry, Fx = 0:
Ax = 0
A y = H y = 1600 lb
= tan 1
6.72 ft = 16.2602 23.04 ft
Joint FBDs: Joint H:

Fy = 0: 1600 lb 400 lb FFH sin = 0 FFH = 4285.7 lb, Fx = 0: FFH = 4.29 kips C
( 4285.7 lb ) cos
FGH = 0 FGH = 4.11 kips T
Joint F:
FGH = 4114.3 lb
Fy = 0:
FFG ( 800 lb ) cos = 0 FFG = 768.0 lb FFG = 0.768 kips C
Fx = 0:
FDF + ( 800 lb ) sin 4285.7 lb = 0 FDF = 4061.7 lb FDF = 4.06 kips C
Joint G:
Fy = 0: FDG sin 2 (768 lb) cos = 0 FDG = 1371.4 lb Fx = 0: FDG = 1.371 kips T
4114.3 lb (1371.4 lb ) cos FEG (768 lb) sin = 0 FEG = 2742.9 lb FEG = 2.74 kips T

FBD Truss:
Fx = 0:
M L = 0:
Ax = 0
(1.5 m ) (6.6 kN) + (3.0 m)(2.2 kN)

+ (5.5 m)(6 kN) (11 m) Ay = 0
A y = 4.5 kN
Fy = 0:
4.5 kN 6 kN 2.2 kN 6.6 kN + L = 0
L = 10.3 kN
4.5 kN FAC F = = AB , 1 2 5
FAC = 9.00 kN T ! FAB = 10.06 kN C !

FBC = 45 kN 16
FAB = 4.5 5,
Joint C:
9 kN FBC F = = CE , 16 5 281
FBC = 2.81 kN C ! FCE = 9 281, 16 FCE = 9.43 kN T !
Joint B:
Fx = 0: Fy = 0:
2 16 F + (4.5 5) kN + FBE = 0 BD 5 265 1 FBD + (4.5 5) kN 5 3 45 kN = 0 FBE + 16 265
Solving:
72 5 kN, 11 45 265 kN, FBE = 176 FBD =
FBD = 14.64 kN C ! FBE = 4.16 kN T !
Joint E:
Fx = 0:
16 9 FEG 16 281
16 45 281 kN 265 kN = 0 265 176
FEG =
Fy = 0:
9 281 kN, 11
FEG = 13.72 kN T !
3 45 265 kN 265 176
5 9 9 281 kN 281 kN + 16 281 11
+ FDE = 0, FDE = 45 kN, 22 FDE = 2.05 kN C !
Joint D:
Fx = 0:
2 72 10 FDG = 0 5 kN + FDF + 11 5 101
Fy = 0: Solving:
1 72 1 45 FDG + 5 kN kN = 0 FDF + 11 22 5 101

FDG = 7.5 101 kN, 22 FDG = 3.43 kN T ! FDF = 18.45 kN C !
FDF = 8.25 5 kN,

FBD Truss:
Fx = 0:
M L = 0:
Ax = 0
(1.5 m ) (6.6 kN) + (3.0 m)(2.2 kN) + (5.5 m)(6 kN)

(11 m) Ay = 0
A y = 4.5 kN
Joint FBDs: Joint L:
Fy = 0:
4.5 kN 6 kN 2.2 kN 6.6 kN + L = 0 L = 10.3 kN

10.3 kN FKL FJL = = , 1 2 5 FKL = 20.6 kN T !
FJL = 10.3 5 kN,

20.6 kN FJK F = = IK , 16 5 281
FJL = 23.0 kN C !
Joint K:
FJK =
51.5 kN 8
FJK = 6.44 kN C ! FIK = 10.3 281 kN, 8 FIK = 21.6 kN T!
Joint J:
Fx = 0:
2 16 FHJ + 10.3 5 kN FIJ = 0 5 265
Fy = 0:
1 FHJ + 10.3 5 kN 5
3 51.5 kN = 0 FIJ 6.6 kN + 8 265
Solving:
FHJ = FIJ =
112 5 kN, 11 1.3 265 kN, 88
FHJ = 22.8 kN C ! FIJ = 0.240 kN C !
Joint I:
Fx = 0:
16 10.3 16 1.3 281 kN 265 kN = 0 FGI + 8 88 281 265 FGI = 112 281 kN, 88 FGI = 21.3 kN T !
Fy = 0:
5 112 10.3 281 kN 281 kN + FHI 8 281 88 3 1.3 265 kN = 0 265 88 FHI =
10.4 kN, 88
FHI = 0.1182 kN T !
Joint H:
Fx = 0:
2 112 10 FGH = 0 5 kN FFH + 11 5 101
Fy = 0: Solving:
1 112 1 10.4 FGH 2.2 kN 5 kN kN = 0 FFH + 11 88 5 101 FFH = 8.25 5 kN, FGH = 34 101 kN, 88 FFH = 18.45 kN C ! FGH = 3.88 kN C !
Joint F:
By symmetry:
Fy = 0:
FDF = 8.25 5 kN
2 8.25 5 kN 6 kN FFG = 0 5
FFG = 10.50 kN T !
Chapter 6, Solution 21. Joint FBDs: Joint F:

FDF F 500 lb = EF = 916 916 480
FDF = FEF = 954.17 lb or FDF = 954 lb T ! FEF = 954 lb C !
Joint D:
FBD FDE 954.17 lb = = 884 240 916 FBD = 920.84 lb
FDE = 250.00 lb or FBD = 921 lb T ! FDE = 250 lb C ! By symmetry of joint A vs. joint F
FAB = 954 lb T ! FAC = 954 lb C !
Joint B:
Fx = 0: 920.84 lb
884 4 ( 954.17 lb ) + FBE = 0 916 5 FBE = 0 !
Fy = 0:
FBC
240 ( 954.17 lb ) = 0 916 or FBC = 250 lb C !
FBC = 250.00 lb
Joint C:
Fx = 0:
884 ( 954.17 lb ) FCE = 0 916 FCE = 920.84 lb or FCE = 921 lb C !
Fy = 0:
FCH
240 (954.17 lb) 250.00 lb = 0 916 or FCH = 500 lb C !
FCH = 500.00 lb Fx = 0: Joint E: Fy = 0: FEJ 920.84 lb
884 4 ( 954.17 lb ) FHE = 0 916 5 FHE = 0 !
240 (954.17 lb) 250.00 lb = 0 916 or FEJ = 500 lb C !
FEJ = 500.00 lb
Chapter 6, Solution 22. Joint FBDs: Joint L:

FJL F 500 lb = KL = 1212 1212 480
FJL = FKL = 1262.50 lb FJL = 1263 lb T !
FKL = 1263 lb C ! Comparing joint G to joint L:

FGH = 1263 lb T ! FGI = 1263 lb C !
Joint J:
Fx = 0:
1188 (1262.50 lb ) FHJ = 0 1212

FHJ = 1237.50 lb, FHJ = 1238 lb T !
Fy = 0:
FJK
240 (1262.50 lb ) 500 lb = 0 1212 FJK = 750 lb C !
FJK = 750.00 lb,
Joint H:
Fx = 0:
1237.50 lb
1188 4 (1262.50 lb ) + FHK = 0 1212 5 FHK = 0 !
Fy = 0:
FHI
240 3 (1262.50 lb) 500 lb (0) = 0 1212 5 FHI = 750 lb C !
Joint I:
Fx = 0:
1188 (1262.50 lb ) FIK = 0 1212 FIK = 1237.50 lb, FIK = 1238 lb C !
Fy = 0:
FIN
240 (1262.50 lb ) 750.00 lb = 0 1212 FIN = 1000 lb C !
FIN = 1000.00 lb, Joint K: Fx = 0: 1237.50 lb
1188 4 (1262.50 lb ) FKN = 0 1212 5 FKN = 0 !
Fy = 0:
FKO
240 (1262.50 lb) 750.00 lb = 0 1212 FKO = 1000 lb C !

FBD Truss:
Fx = 0:
Ax = 0
M A = 0:
(12 m ) (M y 1 kN)
(2.4 m + 4.8 m + 6 m + 8.4 m + 10.8 m) (1.5 kN) = 0
M y = 5.05 kN
Fy = 0: Ay 2(1 kN) 5(1.5 kN) + M y = 0
A y = 4.45 kN
Fy = 0:
Fx = 0:
4.45 kN 1 kN
FAC
5 FAB = 0, 13
FAB = 8.97 kN C !
FAC = 8.28 kN T !
12 (8.97 kN ) = 0, 13
Fx = 0:
Joint C:
Fy = 0:
12 FCE 8.28 kN = 0, 13 5 (8.97 kN) FBC = 0, 13
FCE = 8.97 kN T ! FBC = 3.45 kN C !
Fy = 0:
Joint B:
Fx = 0:
5 5 (8.97 kN ) 1.5 kN + 3.45 kN FBD = 0 13 13 FBD = 14.04 kN FBD = 14.04 kN C !
12 12 (8.97 kN) (14.04 kN) + FBE = 0 13 13 FBE = 4.68 kN FBE = 4.68 kN T !
Joint E:
Fx = 0:
6 12 FEH 4.68 kN (8.97 kN) = 0 13 37
FEH = 13.1388 kN
Fy = 0: FDE 5 (8.97 kN ) 13
or
FEH = 13.14 kN T !
1 (13.1388) = 0 37
FDE = 5.6100 kN Joint D:

Fx = 0:
or
FDE = 5.61 kN T !
12 12 1 (14.04 kN ) FDG FDH = 0 13 13 2
Fy = 0:
5 5 (14.04 kN ) FDG 1.5 kN 5.61 kN 13 13 1 + FDH = 0 2 Solving: FDG = 8.60 kN C ! FDH = 7.10 kN C !

FBD Truss:
Fx = 0:
M A = 0:
Ax = 0
(12 m ) (M y 1 kN)
(2.4 m + 4.8 m + 6 m + 8.4 m + 10.8 m) (1.5 kN) = 0
M y = 5.05 kN
Fy = 0: Ay 2(1 kN) 5(1.5 kN) + M y = 0
Joint FBDs: Joint M:
A y = 4.45 kN
Fy = 0:
Fx = 0:
5.05 kN 1 kN
5 FKM = 0, 13
FKM = 10.53 kN C !
FLM = 9.72 kN T !
12 (10.53 kN) FLM = 0, 13

6 FJL = 0, 37
Fx = 0:
9.72 kN
FJL = 1.62 37 FJL = 9.85 kN T !
Joint L:
Fy = 0: 1 (1.62 37 kN) FKL = 0, 37
12 FIK 13
FKE = 1.620 kN C !
Fx = 0:
24 12 FJK (10.53 kN) = 0 13 577 1 FJK 577
Joint K:
Fy = 0:
5 5 (10.53 kN) FIK 13 13
1.5 kN + 1.62 kN = 0 Solving: FIK = 10.8136 kN, FJK = 0.26205 kN, FIK = 10.81 kN C ! FJK = 0.262 kN T !
Joint J:
Fx = 0:
24 (0.26205 kN) 577
6 ( FHJ 9.85 kN) = 0 37
FHJ = 10.1154 kN,

Fy = 0: 1 (10.1154 kN 9.85 kN) 37
FHJ = 10.12 kN T !
1 (0.26205 kN) FIJ = 0 577
FIJ = 0.054541 kN, 12 24 ( FGI 10.8136 kN ) + FHI = 0 13 25
FIJ = 54.5 N C !
Joint I:
Fx = 0: Fy = 0: Solving:
5 7 (10.8136 kN FGI ) + FHI 1.5 kN + 0.05454 kN = 0 13 25 FGI = 8.6029 kN, FHI = 2.1257 kN, FGI = 8.60 kN C ! FHI = 2.13 kN C ! FOG = 8.60 kN C !
Joint G:
By symmetry:
Fy = 0:
5 2 (8.6029 kN) 1.5 kN FGH = 0 13 FGH = 5.12 kN T !

FBD Truss:
Fx = 0: 180 lb Ax = 0
A x = 180 lb
M A = (12 ft ) G y ( 6 ft )( 480 lb ) ( 2 ft )(180 lb )
(8 ft)(120 lb) = 0, Fy = 0: Ay 480 lb 120 lb + 350 lb = 0
G y = 350 lb

Fx = 0: 1 FAC 180 lb = 0, FAC = 180 2 lb 2
A y = 250 lb
FAC = 255 lb T !
Fy = 0: 1 (180 2 lb) + 250 lb FAB = 0, 2 4 2 FBD + FBC = 0 5 5 3 1 430 lb FBD + FBC = 0 5 5 180 lb
FAB = 430 lb C !
Joint B:
Fx = 0: Fy = 0:
Solving:
FBC = 590 5 lb,
FBC = 1319 lb T ! FBD = 1700 lb C !
Joint C:
Fy = 0:
5 1 1 (590 5 lb) (180 2 lb) = 0 FCD 41 5 2
FCD = 154 41 lb,

Fx = 0: FCE +
FCD = 986 lb T !
4 2 (154 41 lb) (590 5 lb) 41 5 1 (180 2 lb) = 0 12 FCE = 744 lb T !
By inspection of joint G:
FFG = 350 lb C and FEG = 0 !
Joint F:
FDF F 350 = EF = ; 5 1 20
FDF = 1750 lb C ! FEF = 1565 lb T !
FEF = 700 5 lb,
Joint E:
Fy = 0: 5 1 (700 5 lb) = 0 FDE 120 lb 41 5
FDE = 164 41 lb,
FDE = 1050 lb T !
Chapter 6, Solution 26. Joint FBDs: Joint A:

Fy = 0:
Fx = 0:
9 FAC 1.8 kips = 0, 41

40 FAB 8.20 kips = 0, 41
FAC = 8.20 kips T !

FAB = 8.00 kips C ! FBD = 8.00 kips C ! FBC = 0.600 kips C !
By inspection of joint B, and then
FBD = FAB FBC = 0.6 kips,
Joint C:
Note:
DE =
9.2 (4.5 ft) = 2.07 ft, 20

1 FCD 0.6 kips = 0, 5
CE = 4.14 ft = 2 DE
FCD = 0.6 5 kips FCD = 1.342 kips T !
Fy = 0:
Fx = 0:
8.2 kips +
2 0.6 5 kips FCE = 0 5
FCE = 9.20 kips C !
Joint D:
Fy = 0:
40 2 0.6 5 kips = 0 ( FDG 8.2 kips ) 41 5
FDG = 9.43 kips T !

Fx = 0: FDE 9 1 0.6 5 kips = 0 ( 9.43 kips 8.2 kips ) 41 5
FDE = 0.330 kips C !
Joint E:
Fy = 0: Fx = 0:
5 FEG 0.33 kips = 0, 13
FEG = 0.858 kips T !
12 ( 0.858 kips ) + 9.2 kips FEF = 0 13

FEF = 9.992 kips, FEF = 9.99 kips C !
Joint F:
By vertical symmetry FFG = FFH

Fx = 0: 4 9.992 kips 2 FFG = 0, 5 FFG = 5.995 kips FFG = FFH = 6.00 kips C !
Chapter 6, Solution 27. P6.14

Starting with ABC, add, in order, joints E, D, F, G, H simple truss
P6.15
Starting with
DEF, add, in order, G, C, B, A, I, H, J simple truss
P6.23
Starting with
ABC, add, in order, E, F, D, H, G, I, J, K, L, M simple truss
Chapter 6, Solution 28. P6.21

Starting with ABC, add, in order, joints E, D, F, H, J, K, L, I, G, N, P, Q, R, O, M, S, T simple truss
P6.25
Starting with ABC, add, in order, joints D, E, F, G simple truss
P6.29
Starting with ABD, add, in order, joints H, G, F, E, I, G, J simple truss
Fx = 0:
Fx = 0
FFG = 0 FGH = 0 FIJ = 0 FHI = 0 FEI = 0
Then, by inspection of joint F, Then, by inspection of joint G, By inspection of joint J, Then, by inspection of joint I,
Then, by inspection of joint E,
FBE = 0
By inspection of joint D, By inspection of joint E, Then, by inspection of joint I, By inspection of joint F, By inspection of joint G,
FDI = 0 FEI = 0 FAI = 0 FFK = 0 FGK = 0

\
FBC = 0 FBE = 0
Then, by inspection of joint B: Then, by inspection of joint E:
FDE = 0 FFH = 0 and FHI = 0
By inspection of joint H :
By inspection of joint Q :
FOQ = 0 and FQR = 0
By inspection of joint J :
FLJ = 0
By inspection of joint C : By inspection of joint G : Then, by inspection of joint F : By inspection of joint I : By inspection of joint M : Then, by inspection of joint N :
FBC = 0 FFG = 0 FFE = 0 FIJ = 0 FMN = 0 FKN = 0
FBC = 0 !
By inspection of joint M :
FLM = 0 !
By inspection of joint A: By inspection of joint C : By inspection of joint E : By inspection of joint L : By inspection of joint N :
FAF = 0 FCH = 0 FDE = FEI = 0 FGL = 0 FIN = 0
Chapter 6, Solution 35. (a)
By inspection of joint H : Then, by inspection of joint C : Then, by inspection of joint G : Then, by inspection of joint B :
FCH = 0 FCG = 0 FBG = 0 FBF = 0
(b)
By inspection of joint J : Then, by inspection of joint I : FIJ = 0 FEI = 0 FHI = 0 Then, by inspection of joint E : also,
Fx = 0;
FBE = 0
Fx = 0
So, by inspection of joint F : And by inspection of joint G :
FFG = 0 FGH = 0

FBD Truss:
Fz = 0:
M x = 0:
Bz = 0
( 0.47 m ) C y + ( 0.08 m )( 940 N ) = 0
C y = 160 Nj
Joint FBDs:
Joint D: where FAD = FAD
0.80 m i 0.08 m k = FAD 10i k 101
( 0.8)
+ ( 0.08 ) m
FBD = FBD
= FBD
0.8 m i 0.16 m j 0.2 m k
( 0.8 m )2 + ( 0.16 m )2 + ( 0.2 m )2

20i + 4 j 5k 21 0.8 m i + 0.39 m k 80i + 39k 89
FCD = FCD
Fy = 0:
( 0.8 m )
+ ( 0.39 m )
= FCD
Fx = 0: Fz = 0:
4 FBD 940 N = 0, 21 10 80 FAD FCD 89 101 1 39 FAD + FCD 89 101 Solving:
FBD = 4935 N,
20 ( 4935 N ) = 0 21 5 ( 4935 N ) = 0 21
FBD = 4.94 kN T !
FAD = 590 101 N,
FAD = 5.93 kN C !
FCD = 1335 N,
FCD = 1.335 kN T !
continued
Joint C:
FBC = FBC
0.16 m j 0.59 m k
( 0.16 m )2 + ( 0.59 m )2
= FBC
16 j 59k 3737
Fy = 0:
16 FBC + 160 N = 0 3737
FBC = 10 3737 N
Fz = 0: FAC
FBC = 611 N C !
59 39 10 3737 N (1335 N ) = 0 89 3737
Joint B:
FAC = 5.00 N T !
FAB = FAB
0.16 m j + 0.12 m k
( 0.16 m )
4 FAB + 5
+ ( 0.12 m )
= FAB
4 j + 3k 5
Fy = 0:
16 4 10 3737 N ( 4935 N ) = 0 21 3737
FAB = 975 N C !

FBD Truss:
Fz = 0:
Bz + 987 N = 0 B z = 987 N k
M x = 0:
( 0.47 m ) C y ( 0.16 m )( 987 N )

+ ( 0.08 m )( 940 N ) = 0
C y = 176.0 N j
Joint FBDs: Joint D:

FAD = FAD FBD = FBD FCD = FCD 0.8 m i 0.08 m k = FAD ( 10i k ) 101 = FBD ( 20i + 4 j 5k ) 21
( 0.8 m )2 + ( 0.08 m )2 ( 0.8 m )

2 2
0.8 m i 0.16 m j 0.2 m k + ( 0.16 m ) + ( 0.2 m ) =

2
0.8 m i + 0.39 m k
( 0.8 m )2 + ( 0.39 m )2
FCD ( 80i + 39k ) 89
Fy = 0:
Fx = 0: Fz = 0:
4 FBD 940 N = 0, FBD = 4935 N, 21 10 80 20 FAD FCD ( 4935 N ) = 0 89 21 101 1 39 5 FAD + FCD ( 4935 N ) + 987 N = 0 89 21 101
FBD = 4.94 kN T !
Solving:
FCD = 534 N, FAD = 422 101 N,
FCD = 534 N C ! FAD = 4.24 kN C !
continued
Joint C:
FBC = FBC
0.16 m j 0.59 m k
( 0.16 m )
+ ( 0.59 m )
FBC (16 j 59k ) 3737
Fy = 0:
16 FBC 176 N = 0, FBC = 11 3737 N 3737
FBC = 672 N T !
Fz = 0: FAC 59 39 11 3737 N + ( 534 N ) = 0 89 3737
FAC = 415 N,
FAC = 415 N C !
Joint B:
FAB = FAB 0.16 m j + 0.12 m k = FAB ( 4 j + 3k ) 5
( 0.16 m )2 + ( 0.12 m )2
4 FAB 5
Fy = 0:
16 4 11 3737 N ( 4935 N ) = 0 21 3737
FAB = 1395 N, FAB = 1.395 kN C !

FBD Truss: M BD = 0: M x = 0:
( 4 ft )( 50 lb ) + ( 4 ft )( Ez ) = 0 E z = ( 50 lb ) k ( 4 ft )( 300 lb ) + ( 4 ft )( 50 lb ) + ( 4 ft )( Dz ) = 0 D z = ( 250 lb ) k ( 2 ft )( 300 lb ) ( 4 ft ) ( C y ) = 0

B z = ( 300 lb ) k
Fz = 0: M Bz = 0: AB = AC = 20 ft AD = AE = 6 ft
CD = 4 2 ft Fx = 0: Fy = 0:
Bz 50 lb 250 lb = 0
C y = (150 lb ) j
Bx + 50 lb = 0 By + 150 lb 300 lb = 0
B x = ( 50 lb ) i B y = (150 lb ) j
FAE = FAE
2 ft i 4 ft j + 4 ft k
( 2 ft )2 + ( 4 ft )2 + ( 4 ft )2
= Joint FBDs: Joint E:
FAE ( 2i 4 j + 4k ) 3
2 FAE 50 lb = 0, 3 1 FDE + ( 75 lb ) = 0, 3 FCE 2 ( 75 lb ) = 0, 3 FAE = 75.0 lb T !
Fz = 0: Fx = 0:
FDE = 25 lb FDE = 25.0 lb C !
Fy = 0:
FCE = 50 lb FCE = 50.0 lb C !
continued
FAD = FAD
Joint D:
2 ft i 4 ft j + 4 ft k
( 2 ft ) ( 4 ft )
+ ( 4 ft ) + ( 4 ft ) + ( 4 ft )
2
FAD ( i 2 j + 2k ) 3
FCD = FCD
Fz = 0: Fx = 0:
4 ft i 4 ft j
2
FCD ( i j) 2
Fy = 0:
2 FAD 250 lb = 0, FAD = 375 lb, FAD = 375 lb T ! 3 1 1 FCD ( 375 lb ) = 0, FCD = 100 2 lb 25 lb 3 2 FCD = 141.4 lb C ! 1 2 FBD 100 2 lb ( 375 lb ) = 0 3 2
FBD = 150 lb
Joint C:
2 ft i + 4 ft k FAC ( i + 2k ) 5
FBD = 150.0 lb C !
FAC = FAC
( 2 ft )
+ ( 4 ft )
Fz = 0: Fx = 0:
2 FAC = 0, 5
FAC = 0 ! FBC = 100.0 lb T !
FBC 100 lb = 0,
Joint B:
FAB = FAB
2 ft i + 4 ft k
( 2 ft )
+ ( 4 ft )
FAB ( i + 2k ) 5
Fz = 0: FAB = 150 5 lb,
2 FAB + 300 lb = 0 5
FAB = 335 lb C !

(a) FBD Truss: M y = 0:
Bx = 0
Bx = 0 Az = 600 N Ax = 1125 N
M x = 0: M z = 0:
(1.7 m ) Az + ( 0.6 m )(1700 N ) = 0, (1.7 m ) Ax (1.125 m )(1700 N ) = 0

Cx 1125 N = 0 C y 1700 N = 0 Bz 600 N = 0 so
Fx = 0: Fy = 0: Fz = 0:
Cx = 1125 N C y = 1700 N Bz = 600 N

A = (1125 ) i ( 600 N ) k B = ( 600 ) k C = (1125 ) i + (1700 N ) j
(b) Find zero force members: by inspection of joint B, by inspection of joint D, by inspection of joint C ,
Joint FBDs:
FAB = 0 ! FAD = 0 ! FBC = 0 !

= FAE ( 1.125i + 1.7 j 0.6k ) 2.125
Joint E:
FAE = FAE
1.125 m i + 1.7 m j 0.6 m k
(1.125 m )
+ (1.7 m ) + ( 0.6 m )
Fy = 0:
1.7 FAE 1700 N = 0, 2.125 FBE
FAE = 2125 N FAE = 2.13 kN T !
Fx = 0:
1.125 ( 2125 N ) , FBE = 1125 N 2.125 FBE = 1.125 kN C !
Fz = 0:
FDE
0.6 ( 2125 N ) = 0, 2.125
FDE = 600 N FDE = 600 N C !

continued
Joint D:
FBD = FBD
1.125 m i + 0.6 m k
(1.125 m )2 + ( 0.6 m )2
600 N 0.6 FBD = 0, 1.275
FBD ( 1.125i + 0.6k ) 1.275 FBD = 1275 N FBD = 1.275 kN T !
Fz = 0:
Fx = 0:
FCD
1.125 (1275 N ) = 0, 1.275
FCD = 1125 N FCD = 1.125 kN C !
Joint C: By inspection: FAC = 1700 N FAC = 1.700 kN C !

(a) To check for simple truss, start with ABDE and add three members at a time which meet at a single new joint, successively adding joints G, F, H and C. This is a simple truss ! There are six reaction force components, Ax, Ay, Az, By, Bz, and Gy, no two of which are colinear, so all can be determined with the six equilibrium equations. Motion is prevented by the constraints. Truss is completely constrained, and statically determinate. ! FBD Truss:
(b)
M AB = 0:
( 9.60 ft ) G y + (10.08 ft )( 240 lb ) = 0

G y = 252 lb j
G y = 252 lb M z = 0:
(11.00 ft ) ( By 252 lb ) (10.08 ft )( 275 lb ) = 0

B y = 504 lb j
Fx = 0:
M y = 0:
Ax + 275 lb = 0,
A x = 275 lb i
( 9.6 ft )( 275 lb ) (11.0 ft )( Bz ) = 0
Bz = 240 lb, Fy = 0: Fz = 0: Ay + 504 lb 252 lb = 0, Az 240 lb + 240 lb = 0 FBC = FCD = FGC = 0 FBF = FEF = FFG = 0 with Az = 0, FDH = 0 FAD = 0
B z = 240 lb k A y = 252 lb j Az = 0
Determine zero force members: By inspection of joint C : By inspection of joint F : By inspection of joint A: By inspection of joint H :
And finally, considering joint D knowing that FAD = FCD = FDH = 0, and recognizing that the three remaining members are not co-planar, they must also carry zero load, FBD = FDE = FGH = 0. The only load bearing members are thus AB, AE, BE, BG, EG, EH, GH.
continued
Joint FBDs Joint A:
By inspection: from above: By inspection of joint H
FAB = 275 lb T,
FAE = 252 lb T ! FDE = 0 ! FEF = 0 ! FEH = 240 lb C !
Fy = 0:
252 lb
10.08 FBE = 0 1492 FBE = 373 lb, FBE = 373 lb C !
Joint E:
Fz = 0:
240 lb
9.6 FEG = 0 14.6 FEG = 365 lb T !

(a) To check for simple truss, start with ABDE and add three members at a time which meet at a single new joint, successively adding joints G, F, H and C. This is a simple truss ! There are six reaction force components, Ax, Ay, Az, By, Bz, and Gy, no two of which are colinear, so all can be determined with the six equilibrium equations. Motion is prevented by the constraints. Truss is completely constrained, and statically determinate. ! FBD Truss:
(b)
M AB = 0:
( 9.60 ft ) G y + (10.08 ft )( 240 lb ) = 0

G y = 252 lb j
G y = 252 lb, M z = 0:
(11.00 ft ) ( By 252 lb ) (10.08 ft )( 275 lb ) = 0

B y = 504 lb j
Fx = 0:
M y = 0:
Ax + 275 lb = 0,
Ax = 275 lb i
( 9.6 ft )( 275 lb ) (11.0 ft )( Bz ) = 0
Bz = 240 lb, Fy = 0: Fz = 0: Ay + 504 lb 252 lb = 0, Az 240 lb + 240 lb = 0 FBC = FCD = FGC = 0 FBF = FEF = FFG = 0 with Az = 0, FDH = 0 FAD = 0
B z = 240 lb k A y = 252 lb j Az = 0
Determine zero force members: By inspection of joint C : By inspection of joint F : By inspection of joint A: By inspection of joint H :
And finally, considering joint D knowing that FAD = FCD = FDH = 0, and recognizing that the three remaining members are not co-planar, they must also carry zero load, FBD = FDE = FGH = 0. The only load bearing members are thus AB, AE, BE, BG, EG, EH, GH.
continued
Now, by inspection of joint H, from above,
FGH = 275 lb C ! FCG = 0 ! FDG = 0 !
FBD Joint G:
10.08j + 9.6k 13.92
11i + 9.6k 14.6 275 lb 11 FEG = 0, 14.6
FFG = 0 !
FBG = FBG
FEG = FEG
Fx = 0: Fy = 0:
FEG = 365 lb T ! FBG = 348 lb FBG = 348 lb C !
10.08 FBG 252 lb = 0, 13.92
Chapter 6, Solution 42. FBD Truss:

Fx = 0: M A = 0:
Kx = 0
6a K y 125 lb 5a ( 250 lb ) 4a ( 250 lb ) 3a ( 375 lb ) 2a ( 500 lb ) a ( 500 lb ) = 0

K y = 937.5 lb
Fy = 0:
Ay 3 ( 250 lb ) 2 ( 500 lb ) 375 lb 125 lb + 937.5 lb = 0
FBD Section ABEC:

M E = 0:
A y = 1312.5 lb
( 2 ft ) FCF + ( 4 ft )( 500 lb )
+ ( 8 ft )( 250 lb 1312.5 lb ) = 0 FCF = 3250 lb, FCF = 3.25 kips T
1 FEF = 0 5
Fy = 0:
1312.5 lb 250 lb 2 ( 500 lb )
FEF = 62.5 5 lb,

Fx = 0: 3250 lb +
FEF = 139.8 lb T
2 62.5 5 lb FEG = 0 5
FEG = 3375 lb,
FEG = 3.38 kips C

Fx = 0: M A = 0:
Kx = 0
6a K y 125 lb 5a ( 250 lb ) 4a ( 250 lb ) 3a ( 375 lb ) 2a ( 500 lb ) a ( 500 lb ) = 0

K y = 937.5 lb
Fy = 0:
Ay 3 ( 250 lb ) 2 ( 500 lb ) 375 lb 125 lb + 937.5 lb = 0
FBD Section IJLK:

M z = 0:
A y = 1312.5 lb
( 4 ft )( 937.5 lb 125 lb ) ( 2 ft ) FHJ = 0

FHJ = 1625 lb, FHJ = 1.625 kips C
1 FHI = 0 5
Fy = 0:
937.5 lb 125 lb 250 lb
FHI = 562.5 5 lbs,

Fx = 0: 1.625 kips +
FHI = 1.258 kips C
2 0.5625 5 kips FFI = 0 5
FFI = 2.75 kips T

Fx = 0:
Ax = 0
By load symmetry:
A y = L y = 840 N
M E = 0:
2 24 (1.75 m ) FBD + ( 2 m )( 240 N ) 3 25 ( 4 m )( 840 N 120 N ) = 0
FBD Section ABC:

M B = 0:
FBD =
15000 N, 7
FBD = 2.14 kN C
1.75 m FCE ( 2 m )( 840 N 120 N ) = 0 3 FCE = 17280 N, 7 FCE = 2.47 kN T
M A = 0:
(4 m)
7 FBE ( 2 m )( 240 N ) = 0 25 FBE = 3000 N, 7 FBE = 429 N C

Fx = 0:
Ax = 0
By load symmetry
A y = L y = 840 N
slope: GI =
FBD Section JKL:
0.4 2 = 3 15 3.5 7 IK = 3 = 4 24 2.3 23 IJ = = 3 30
Resolve FIK and FGJ at L M J = 0:
(3 m )
7 24 FIK ( 0.4 m ) FIK 25 25
+ ( 3 m )( 840 N 120 N ) (1 m )( 240 N ) = 0 FIK = 4210.53 N,

M I = 0:
FIK = 4.21 kN C
(4 m)
3.5 15 2 FGJ FGJ m 229 229 3
+ ( 4 m )( 840 N 120 N ) ( 2 m )( 240 N ) = 0 FGJ = 3823.0 N,

Fx = 0:
FGJ = 3.82 kN T
7 15 30 FIJ = 0 ( 4210.5 N ) ( 3823.0 N ) 25 229 1429
FIJ = 318 N T

\
FBD Truss:
Fx = 0: By symmetry,
Ax = 0
A y = M y = 8.5 kN
FBD Section ABDC:

M D = 0:
(1 m )(1.5 kN 8.5 kN ) + ( 0.5 m )
40 FCE = 0 41
FCE = 14.35 kN T M E = 0:
(1 m )(1.5 kN ) + ( 2 m )(1.5 kN 8.5 kN )

40 FDF = 0, 41 FDF = 25.625 kN
FDF = 25.6 kN C
+ ( 0.5 m )
Fx = 0:
40 40 FDE = 0 (14.35 kN 25.625 kN ) + 41 1721
FDE = 11.4084 kN,
FDE = 11.41 kN T

FBD Truss:
Ax = 0
A y = M y = 8.5 kN
FBD Section IMNJ:
M J = 0:
( 2 m )(8.5 kN 1.5 kN ) (1 m )(1.5 kN )

( 0.5 m ) FGI = 25.625 kN, 40 FGI = 0 41 FGI = 25.6 kN T
M G = 0:
( 3 m )(8.5 kN 1.5 kN ) ( 2 m )(1.5 kN )

(1 m )( 3 kN ) ( 0.5 m ) FHJ = 30.75 kN, 40 FHJ = 0 41 FHJ = 30.8 kN C
Fx = 0:
40 ( 30.75 kN 25.625 kN ) 41
40 FGJ = 0 2441
FGJ = 6.18 kN T

FBD Truss:
Fx = 0: A x = 0
By symmetry: A y = L y = 6 kN
FBD Section:
Notes:
15 m 6 2 5 5 yD = = m 3 2 3 2 2 yE = 1 = m 3 3 5 yF yD = m 6 yG = 1 m yF = yD yG = 2 m 3
continued
M D = 0: (1 m )
6 FEG + ( 2 m )( 2 kN ) + ( 4 m )(1 kN 6 kN ) = 0 37
FEG =
8 37 kN 3
FEG = 16.22 kN T !
1 3 M A = 0: ( 2 m )( 2 kN ) + ( 4 m )( 2 kN ) ( 6 m ) FDG (1 m ) FDG = 0 10 10
FDG =
Fx = 0:
4 10 kN 3
16 4
FDG = 4.22 kN C !
12 FDF = 0 13
6 3 12 FEG FDG FDF = 0 13 37 10
FDF = 13 kN
FDF = 13.00 kN C !

FBD Truss:
Fx = 0: A x = 0
By symmetry: A y = L y = 6 kN
FBD Section:
Notes:
yI = yH
2 3 2 = 3
m 5 5 = m 2 3
so
yH yI = 1 m
continued
M I = 0:
( 4 m )( 6 kN 1 kN ) ( 2 m )( 2 kN ) (1 m )
12 FHJ = 0 13
FHJ =
M H = 0:
52 kN 3
FHJ = 17.33 kN C !
6 FGI = 0 37
( 4 m )( 6 kN 1 kN ) ( 2 m )( 2 kN ) (1 m )
FGI = 8 37 kN 3 =0
FGI = 16.22 kN T ! FHI = 1.000 kN T !
M L = 0:
( 2 m )( 2 kN ) ( 4 m ) FHI

FBD Truss:
Distance between loads = 1.5 m

Fx = 0:
By symmetry,
Ax = 0 A y = K y = 18 kN
FBD Section ABC:
FBD Section ABC:

M D = 0:
(1.5 m ) FCE + (1.5 m )( 6 kN ) ( 3 m )(18 kN 3 kN ) = 0

FCE = 22.5 kN T !
M A = 0:
(1.8 m )
4 FCD (1.5 m )( 6 kN ) = 0 5 FCD = 6.25 kN T !
Fy = 0:
18 kN 3 kN 6 kN
8 4 FBD + ( 6.25 kN ) = 0 17 5 FBD = 29.8 kN C !

FBD Truss:
Distance between loads = 1.5 m

Fx = 0:
By symmetry,
Ax = 0 A y = K y = 18 kN
FBD Section ABC: FBD Section GHK:

FBD section GHK:
M F = 0:
( 4.5 m )(18 kN 3 kN ) ( 3 m )( 6 kN )
(1.5 m )( 6 kN ) ( 2.4 m ) FEG = 0 FEG = 16.875 kN, FEG = 16.88 kN T !
8 FFG = 0 73
M K = 0:
(1.5 m )( 6 kN ) + ( 3 m )( 6 kN ) ( 3.6 m )
FFG = 8.0100 kN,

Fx = 0: 15 FFH 17
FFG = 8.01 kN T !
3 (8.0100 kN ) 16.875 kN = 0 73
FFH = 22.3 kN C !

FBD Truss:
FX = 0: By symmetry,
A x + 4 kips 4 kips = 0 Ax = 0 Ay = Ny = 0
FBD Section ABDC:
M D = 0:
(18 ft )( 4 kips ) ( 9 ft )
4 FCE = 0 5
FCE = 10.00 kips C ! M E = 0:
(18 ft )( 4 kips ) (12 ft )
3 FDF = 0 5
FDF = 10.00 kips C
Fx = 0:
FBD Joint E:
4 kips +
4 (10 kips 10 kips ) FDE = 0 5 FDE = 4.00 kips C !
Fy = 0:
4 3 FEF ( 4 kips ) = 0 5 5 FEF = 3.00 kips T !

FBD Truss:
Fx = 0:
A x + 4 kips 4 kips = 0
Ax = 0 By symmetry, Ay = Ny = 0
FBD Section IJNM:
M G = 0:
4 ( 27 ft )( 4 kips ) + ( 9 ft ) FHI = 0 5 FHI = 15.00 kips T !
M N = 0:
( 9 ft ) (15 kips ) ( 27 ft ) FGI
4 5
=0
FGI = 4.00 kips C !

FBD Joint I:
Fx = 0:
3 4 ( 4 kips ) FIJ = 0 5 5 FIJ = 3.00 kips T !

FBD Truss:
Ax = 0 A y = M y = 7.5 kips
FBD Section IJNM: M J = 0:
( 9 ft )( 7.5 kips 0.5 kips ) ( 4.5 ft )(1 kip )

FGI = 11.4858 kips. FGI = 11.49 kips T !
4 ( 5.25 ft ) FGI = 0, 17
M G = 0:
(12 ft )( 7.5 kip 0.5 kips ) ( 7.5 ft )(1 kip )

( 3 ft )( 3 kips ) + ( 4.5 ft ) FHJ = 0 FHJ = 15 kips C
By inspection of joint H,
Fy = 0:
FFH = 15.00 kips C !
1 (11.4858 kips ) + 7.5 kips 4.5 kips 17
3 FGJ = 0 13
FGJ = 6.95 kips T !

FBD Truss:
Fx = 0: A x = 0 By symmetry: A y = v y = 4.5 kips
FBD Joint K:
Fx = 0: 1 ( FIK FKN ) = 0 2 1 FIK 1 kip = 0 2 2
FIK = FKN
FIK =
Fy = 0:
2 kip 2
so
FBD Section ABEIJ:
FIK = 0.707 kip C !
Fy = 0:
4.5 kips 1 kip 2 (1.5 kips )
1 2 3 FJL = 0, kips + 2 2 2 FJL = 0 !

11 kips 3
M I = 0:
( 3 ft )(1.5 kips ) + ( 6 ft )(1 kip 4.5 kips )

+ 3 ( 3 ft ) ( FJM ) = 0 2
FJM =
FJM = 6.35 kips T !

FBD Truss:
Fx = 0:
M N = 0:
Ax = 0
( 4.8 ft )( 300 lb ) + ( 7.2 ft )( 750 lb )

+ (11.52 ft )( 750 lb ) + (16.8 ft )(1950 lb ) + (19.2 ft )( 900 lb ) + ( 26.4 ft )(1050 lb ) + ( 33.6 ft ) 150 lb Ay = 0
Ay = 2925 lb
Fy = 0:
FBD Section ABC:
2925 lb 2 (150 lb ) 2 ( 750 lb ) 1050 lb 900 lb 1950 lb 300 lb + N y = 0
N y = 3075 lb
M B = 0:
( 3.6 ft ) FCE ( 7.2 ft )( 2925 lb 150 lb ) = 0

FCE = 5550 lb, FCE = 5.55 kips T !
1 2 FBE + ( 3.6 ft ) FBE ( 7.2 ft )(1050 lb ) = 0 5 5
M A = 0:
( 7.2 ft )
FBE = 525 5 lb,

Fx = 0: 2 FBD 525 5 lb + 5550 lb = 0 5
FBE = 1.174 kips C !
FBD = 5031.2 lb
By inspection of joint D, FDF = FBD , so
FDF = 5.03 kips C !

FBD Truss:
Fx = 0:
M N = 0:
Ax = 0
( 4.8 ft )( 300 lb ) + ( 7.2 ft )( 750 lb ) + (11.52 ft )( 750 lb ) + (16.8 ft )(1950 lb ) + (19.2 ft )( 900 lb ) + ( 26.4 ft )(1050 lb ) + ( 33.6 ft ) (150 lb Ay ) = 0
Ay = 2925 lb
2925 lb 2 (150 lb ) 2 ( 750 lb ) 1050 lb 900 lb 1950 lb 300 lb + N y = 0
FBD Section KJMN:
Fy = 0:
N y = 3075 lb
M J = 0:
( 7.2 ft )( 3075 lb 150 lb ) ( 2.4 ft )( 300 lb )

(1.8 ft ) FIK = 0 FIK = 11300 lb, FIK = 11.30 kips T
M I = 0:
(11.52 ft )( 3075 lb 150 lb ) ( 6.72 ft )( 300 lb )

2 ( 4.32 ft )( 750 lb ) + ( 3.96 ft ) FHJ = 0 5
Fx = 0:
FBD Joint I:
FHJ = 3590.5 5 lb, FHJ = 8.03 kips C ! 2 12 3590.9 5 lb FIJ 11300 lb = 0 13 5
FIJ = 4461.4 lb,

12 ( 4461.4 lb ) FGI = 0 13
FIJ = 4.46 kip C !
Fx = 0:
11300 lb
FGI = 7181.8 lb,
FGI = 7.18 kips T !

FBD Truss: Notes: = 20, = 40, = 60, = 80, = 22.5, = 45, = 60 outer members AC, CE, etc. are each 1.0 m radial members AB, CD, etc. are each 0.4 m By symmetry , Ay = By = 2.6 kN Fx = 0: A x = 0 FBD Section ABDC:
M F = 0:
( resolve FCE at E )
1 1 2 ( 0.4 m ) FCE sin 40 + 2 ( 0.4 m ) ( FCE cos 40 ) 1 + (1 m ) sin 40 + ( 0.4 m ) ( 0.4 kN ) 2 1 (1 m ) sin 20 + (1 m ) sin 40 + ( 0.4 m ) ( 2.6 kN ) = 0, 2
FCE = 7.3420 kN, note = tan 1 and Then,
FCE = 7.34 kN C ! = 48.848
(1 m ) cos 40 ( 0.4 m ) sin 45 + ( 0.4 m ) sin 22.5 (1 m ) sin 40 + ( 0.4 m ) cos 45 ( 0.4 m ) cos 22.5 (1 m ) cos 40 ( 0.4 m ) sin 45 = 27.566 = tan 1 (1 m ) sin 40 + ( 0.4 m ) cos 45
M C = 0:
( 0.4 m ) FDF cos ( 90 22.5 48.848)

(1 m ) sin 20 ( 2.6 kN ) = 0,
FDF = 2.3464 kN, and, Fx = 0:
FDF = 2.35 kN T !
FCF ( cos 27.566 ) + ( 2.3464 kN )( cos 48.848 ) ( 7.3420 kN ) sin 40 = 0 FCF = 3.5819 kN, FCF = 3.58 kN T !

FBD Truss: Notes: = 20, = 40, = 60, = 80, = 22.5, = 45, = 60 outer members AC, CE, etc. are each 1.0 m radial members AB, CD, etc. are each 0.4 m By symmetry, Ay = By = 2.6 kN
Fx = 0: A x = 0
FBD Section ABDFHGEC:
M J = 0:
( resolve FGI at I ) ( 0.4 m ) FGI sin 80 + (1 m )( sin 80)(1 kN )
+ (1 m ) sin 80 + (1 m ) sin 60 ( 0.6 kN )
+ (1 m ) sin 80 + (1 m ) sin 60 + (1 m ) sin 40 ( 0.4 kN ) (1 m ) sin 80 + (1 m ) sin 60 + (1 m ) sin 40 + (1 m ) sin 20 ( 2.6 kN ) = 0
FGI = 10.8648 kN,
FGI = 10.86 kN C !
Note: so,
= tan 1
0.4 m (1 m ) cos80 = 12.9443 (1 m ) sin 80
M H = 0:
( 0.4 m ) cos 60 ( FGJ sin12.9443 ) ( 0.4 m ) sin 60 ( FGJ cos12.9443 ) ( 0.4 m ) sin 60 (10.8648 kN ) sin 80 + ( 0.4 m ) cos 60 (10.8648 kN ) cos80 + ( 0.4 m ) cos 60 (1 kN ) + (1 m ) sin 60 + ( 0.4 m ) cos 60 ( 0.6 kN ) + (1 m ) sin 60 + (1 m ) sin 40 + ( 0.4 m ) cos 60 ( 0.4 kN ) (1 m )( sin 60 + sin 40 + sin 20 ) + ( 0.4 m ) cos 60 ( 2.6 kN ) = 0
FGJ = 0.93851 kN, FBD Joint I: By symmetry:

Fy = 0:
FGJ = 939 N T !
FIK = 10.8648 kN
FIJ 1.2 kN + 2 (10.8648 kN ) cos80 = 0 FIJ = 2.5733 kN, FIJ = 2.57 kN T !

FBD Truss:
Fx = 0: A x = 0 By symmetry, Ay = Ny = 1.6 kips
FBD Section using cut aa: M D = 0:
( 9 ft ) FFH + ( 6 ft )( 0.5 kip ) (12 ft )(1.6 kips ) = 0

FFH = 1.800 kips T !
Fx = 0:
1.800 kips FDG = 0

FDG = 1.800 kips C !

\
FBD Truss:
Fx = 0: A x = 0
By symmetry Ay = Ny = 1.6 kips
FBD Joint J:
Fx = 0: FGJ FHJ = 0, FHJ = FGJ
By inspection of joint I, FIJ = 0.6 kip C
FBD Section using cut b-b:
Fy = 0: FGJ =
3 FGJ ( FGJ ) 0.6 kip 0.5 kip + 1.6 kips = 0 5 2.5 kip, 6
FGJ = 0.417 kip C !
M J = 0:
(12 ft )(1.6 kips ) ( 6 ft )( 0.5 kip ) ( 4.5 ft )( FHK )

( 4.5 ft )( FIL ) = 0 FIL FHK = 0 so FIL = FHK FIL = 1.800 kips C ! FHK = 1.800 kips T !
Fx = 0: and

FBD Section above a-a:
M G = 0:
( 5.9 m )
27 FIK ( 2.7 m )( 40 kN ) ( 5.4 m )( 40 kN ) = 0 793
FIK = 57.275 kN,

Fy = 0: 27 ( 57.275 kN FGJ ) = 0 793 FGJ = 57.275 kN T
FIK = 57.3 kN C
FBD Section ACIG:

Fy = 0: + Fx = 0: 27 ( 57.275 kN 57.275 kN ) 793 18 ( FHK FHJ ) = 0, 949 3 ( 40 kN ) 2 FHJ = FHK
25 FHK = 0 949
FHK = 53.884 kN
FHK = 53.9 kN C
FBD Section ACFBD:
M D = 0:
( 4.3 m )
27 FFI ( 2.7 m )( 40 kN ) = 0 793
FFI = 26.196 kN,

27 ( 26.196 kN FDG ) = 0 793
FFI = 26.2 kN C !
Fy = 0:
FDG = 26.196 kN T
FBD Section ACFD:
Fy = 0: 27 ( 26.196 kN 26.196 kN ) 793 + Fx = 0: 54 ( FEI FEG ) = 0, 6397 2 FEI = FEG
59 ( FEG ) + 2 ( 40 kN ) 6397 8 ( 26.196 kN + 26.196 kN ) = 0 793
FEG = 44.136 kN,
FEG = 44.1 kN T !

FBD Truss:
Fx = 0:
Ax = 0
M F = 0:
( 2.4 m )(8 kN ) + ( 5.1 m )(12 kN )

( 7.5 m ) Ay = 0,
A y = 10.72 kN
Since only CD can provide an upward force necessary for equilibrium, it must be in tension, and FBE = 0
FBD Section ABC:
Fy = 0:
10.72 kN 12 kN +
1.68 FCD = 0 3.18

FCD = 2.42 kN T
FCD = 2.4229 kN,
M C = 0:
(1.68 m ) FBD ( 2.4 m )(10.72 kN ) = 0

FBD = 15.31 kN C
FBD = 15.3143 kN,
Fx = 0: FCE +
2.7 ( 2.4229 kN ) 15.3143 kN = 0 3.18

FCE = 13.26 kN T

FBD Truss:
Fx = 0:
Ax = 0
M F = 0:
( 2.4 m )(8 kN ) + ( 5.1 m )( 6 kN ) ( 7.5 m ) Ay
=0
A y = 6.64 kN
FBD Section ABC:
Since only BE can provide the downward force necessary for equilibrium, it must be in tension, so FCD = 0
Fy = 0: 6.64 kN 6 kN 1.68 FBE = 0 3.18 FBE = 1.211 kN T !
FBE = 1.21143 kN, M = 0:
(1.68 m ) FCE ( 2.4 m )( 6.64 kN ) = 0

FCE = 9.49 kN T !
FCE = 9.4857 kN,
Fx = 0:
9.4857 kN +
2.7 (1.21143 kN ) FBD = 0 3.18
FBD = 10.51 kN C !

FBD Truss:
Fx = 0:
M C = 0:
Cx = 0
(8 ft )( 6 kips ) (8 ft )( 9 kips ) + (16 ft ) G y

( 24 ft )(12 kips ) = 0
G y = 19.5 kips
FBD Section ABC: Fy = 0: 19.5 kips + C y 6 kips 9 kips 12 kips = 0 C y = 7.5 kips
Since only BE can provide the downward force necessary for equilibrium, it must be in tension, so CD is slack, FCD = 0
Fy = 0: 6 kips + 7.5 kips 3 FBE = 0 5 FBE = 2.50 kips T !
FBD Section FGH:
Since only EF can provide the downward force necessary for equilibrium, it must be in tension, so DG is slack, FDG = 0 Fy = 0: 19.5 kips 12 kips 3 FEF = 0 5
FEF = 12.00 kips T ! Knowing that FCD = FDG = 0, inspection of joint D gives FDE = 0 !
Chapter 6, Solution 67
FBD Truss:
M A = 0:
( 32 ft ) H y ( 24 ft )(12 kips ) (16 ft )( 9 kips )

( 8 ft )( 6 kips ) = 0, H y = 15 kips
Fy = 0:
Ay 6 kips 9 kips 12 kips + 15 kips = 0 A y = 12 kips
Fx = 0:
FBD Section ABC:
Ax = 0
Since only BE can provide the downward force necessary for equilibrium, it must be in tension, so CD is slack, FCD = 0
Fy = 0: 12 kips 6 kips 3 FBE = 0 5
FBE = 10.00 kips T ! Since only EF can provide the downward force necessary for equilibrium, it must be in tension, so DG is slack, FDG = 0
FBD Section FGH:
Fy = 0: 15 kips 12 kips
3 FEF = 0 5 FEF = 5.00 kips T !
Knowing that FCD = FDF = 0, inspection of joint D gives FDE = 0 !
Chapter 6, Solution 68
FBD Section ABDC: Since only DE can provide the leftward force necessary for equilibrium, it must be in tension, and CF must be slack, FCF = 0
Fx = 0:
M D = 0:
20 kN
4 FDE = 0, 5
FDE = 25.0 kN C !
( 3.2 m ) FCE ( 2.4 m )( 20 kN ) = 0

FCE = 15.00 kN T ! 3 ( 25 kN ) = 0 5 FDE = 30.0 kN C !
Fy = 0: FDF 15.00 kN

FBD Section ABFE: It is not apparent which counter is active, so we guess that FEH = 0;
M F = 0:
( 3.2 m )
24 FEG + 40 kN ( 4.8 m )( 20 kN ) = 0 745
FEG = 11.3728 kN
FEG = 11.37 kN C !
M G = 0:
( 5.8 m )
24 FFH ( 7.2 m )( 20 kN ) (1.3 m )( 40 kN ) = 0 745
FFH = 38.432 kN,

Fx = 0: 20 kN
FFH = 38.4 kN C !
13 15 ( 38.432 kN 11.3728 kN ) FFG = 0 17 745
FFG = 8.0604 kN,
FFG = 8.06 kN T !
Since FEG is in tension, our guess was correct. A negative answer would be impossible, indicating an incorrect guess.

Structure (a): Non-simple truss with r = 3, m = 16, N = 10, so 2N > m + r partially constrained ! Structure (b): Non-simple truss with r = 3, m = 15, N = 10, so 2N > m + r partially constrained ! Structure (c): Non-simple truss with r = 4, m = 16, N = 10, Examine Forces: By inspection of joint J, Then, by inspection of joint H, By inspection of joint I, FHJ = 0, FIJ = P C FFH = 0, Iy = 0 FGH = P C so N = 2m + r
FGI = 0,
Although several members carry no load with the given truss loading, they do constrain the motion of GH and IJ. Truss ABFG is a simple truss with r = 3, m = 11, N = 7 (2N = r + m) so the structure is completely constrained, and determinate. !
Structure (a): Structure (b): Structure (c):
Simple truss with r = 4, m = 16, n = 10 So m + r = 20 = 2n so completely constrained and determinate !
Compound truss with r = 3, m = 16, n = 10 so So m + r = 19 < 2n = 20
partially constrained !
Non-simple truss with r = 4, m = 12, n = 8 So m + r = 16 = 2n but must examine further, note that reaction forces A x and H x are aligned, so no equilibrium equation will resolve them.
Also consider
Statically indeterminate !
For Fy = 0: H y = 0, but then
M A 0 in FBD Truss, Improperly constrained !

Structure (a): Simple truss (start with ABC and add joints alphabetical to complete truss), with
r = 4, m = 13, n = 8
so
r + m = 17 > 2n = 16
Structure is completely constrained but indeterminate. !
Structure (b):
From FBD II:
M G = 0 Fx = 0
Jy Fx
Fy Ay Ax Gy
FBD I:
M A = 0
Fy = 0 Fx = 0
FBD II:
Fy = 0
Thus have two simple trusses with all reactions known, so structure is completely constrained and determinate. !
Structure (c):
Structure has r = 4, m = 13, n = 9 so

r + m = 17 < 2n = 18,
structure is partially constrained !

Structure (a): Non-Simple truss with r = 4, m = 12, N = 8, so 2N = r + m, but we must examine further:
Fx = 0: E x = 0 By symmetry, FBD = FDF and FCD = FDG
FBD joint D:
Vertical equilibrium cannot be satisfied with FCD = FDG, Improperly constrained !
Structure (b): Structure (c):
Non-simple truss with r = 3, m = 10, N = 7,
so 2N = m + r Partially constrained !
Non-simple truss with r = 3, m = 13, N = 8, but we must examine further

M A = 0: 3a G y ( a + 3a + 4a ) P = 0
so 2N = r + m,
Gy =
8 P 3
Joint H:
Joint F:
Joint G:
Fy = 0:
1 FFH P = 0 2
Fy = 0: FFG P
1 P 2 =0 2
Fy 0
FFH = P 2 T
FFG = 2P C
Improperly constrained !

Structure (a): No. of members
m = 12 n=8
r =4
No. of joints No. of react. comps.
m + r = 16 = 2n unks = eqns
FBD of EH:
M H = 0 FDE ; Fx = 0 FGH ; Fy = 0 H y
Then ABCDGF is a simple truss and all forces can be determined. This example is completely constrained and determinate. !
Structure (b):
No. of members No. of joints No. of react. comps.
m = 12 n=8 r =3 m + r = 15 < 2n = 16
unks < eqns partially constrained !
Note: Quadrilateral DEHG can collapse with joint D moving downward: in (a) the roller at F prevents this action.
Structure (c):
No. of members No. of joints No. of react. comps.
m = 13 n=8
r =4
m + r = 17 > 2n = 16
unks > eqns completely constrained but indeterminate !

Structure (a): Rigid truss with r = 3, m = 14, n = 8
so
r + m = 17 > 2n = 16 so completely constrained but indeterminate !
Structure (b):
Simple truss (start with ABC and add joints alphabetically), with
r = 3, m = 13, n = 8
so
r + m = 16 = 2n
so completely constrained and determinate !
Structure (c):
Simple truss with r = 3, m = 13, n = 8 so r + m = 16 = 2n, but horizontal reactions ( Ax and Dx ) are collinear so cannot be resolved by any equilibrium equation.
structure is improperly constrained !

\
FBD member AE:
Fx = 0: Ax + 120 lb = 0,
on ABCD
M A = 0:
Ax = 120 lb
A x = 120.0 lb
(8 in.)( C ) ( 2 in.)(120 lb ) = 0
C = 30 lb
Fy = 0: 30 lb Ay = 0, FBD member ABCD:
Ay = 30 lb
on ABCD
A y = 30.0 lb !
Fx = 0: 120 lb Bx = 0, M B = 0:
B x = 120.0 lb
( 6 in.) D ( 4 in.)( 30 lb ) ( 4 in.)( 30 lb )

( 2 in.)(120 lb ) = 0
D = 80.0 lb !
Fy = 0: 30 lb By 30 lb + 80 lb = 0
B y = 80.0 lb !
FBD member ABC:
Note that BD is a two-force member
(a)
C = 0:
(16 in.)
4 FBD ( 24 in.)( 80 lb ) = 0 5
FBD = 150.0 lb
FBD = 150 lb,
36.9
(b)
Fy = 0:
Fx = 0:
Cy
Cx
3 (150 lb ) = 0, 5
4 (150 lb ) + 80 lb = 0, 5
C y = 90 lb
Cx = 40 lb
C = 98.5 lb
66.0

FBD Frame:
M A = 0:
( 0.25 m ) Dx ( 0.95 m )( 480 N ) = 0

D x = 1824 N
FBD member DF:
Note that BE is a two-force member, Ex = Ey

Fx = 0: 1824 N + Ex = 0,
E x = 1824 N
so
E y = 1824 N
M D = 0:
( 0.50 m )(1824 N ) ( 0.75 m ) C + ( 0.95 m )( 480 N ) = 0

C = 1824 N
Fy = 0:
D y + 1824 N 1824 N + 480 N = 0
D y = 480 N

FBD Frame:
M A = 0:
( 0.25 m ) Dx 400 N m = 0
D x = 1600 N
FBD member DF: Note BE is a two-force member, so Ex = Ey

Fx = 0: 1600 N E x = 0, E x = 1600 N
E y = 1600 N M D = 0: ( 0.50 m )(1600 N ) + ( 0.75 m ) C 400 N m = 0
C = 1600 N
Fy = 0: Dy 1600 N + 1600 N = 0
Dy = 0

FBD Ring:
(a) M A = 0:
(8 in.) ( FBC cos 35 ) (8 in.)( 6 lb ) = 0

FBC = 7.32 lb C
FBC = 7.3246 lb,
(b)
Fx = 0:
Ax ( 7.3246 lb ) cos 35 = 0 Ax = 6 lb
Fy = 0:
Ay + ( 7.3246 lb ) sin 35 6 lb = 0 Ay = 1.79876 lb
A = 6.26 lb
16.69

FBD Ring:
(a)
M A = 0: FBC =
(8 in.) ( FBC cos 20 6 lb ) = 0

FBC = 6.39 lb C 6 lb cos 20 = 0, cos 20 Ax = 6 lb
6 lb , cos 20 Ax
(b)
Fx = 0:
Fy = 0:
Ay
6 sin 20 6 lb = 0, cos 20
Ay = 8.1838 lb 53.8
A = 10.15 lb

FBD Frame:
M A = 0:
( 0.2 m ) Bx ( 0.36 m )
2 180 N = 0 2
Bx = 162 2 N, Fx = 0: 162 2 N + Ax Ax = 252 2 N, Fy = 0: By

B y = 90 2 N,
B x = 229 N
2 (180 N ) = 0 2
A x = 356 N
2 (180 N ) = 0 2
B y = 127.3 N
2 N ( 0.08 m ) 90 2 N
FBD member ABD:
M C = 0:
( 0.20 m ) ( 252
)
D = 305 N
( 0.20 m ) D = 0,
D = 216 2 N
Fx = 0: 252 2 N 162 2 N C x = 0 Cx = 90 2 N,
Fy = 0: 90 2 N + C y 216 2 N = 0 C y = 126 2 N,
C x = 127.3 N
C y = 178.2 N

FBD Frame:
M B = 0:
( 0.2 m ) Ax 60 N m = 0
A x = 300 N
Fx = 0: 300 N Bx = 0, Fy = 0: By = 0,
B x = 300 N By = 0
FBD member ABD:

M C = 0:
( 0.20 m )( 300 N ) ( 0.20 m ) Dy

C y 300 N = 0
=0
D y = 300 N
Fy = 0: Fx = 0:
C y = 300 N Cx = 0
Chapter 6, Solution 84. (a) FBD AC:
Note: CE is a two-force member

M A = 0:
(8 in.)
FCE FCE + ( 2 in.) ( 6 in.)( 24 lb ) = 0 2 2
FCE = 14.4 2 lb,
so
E x = 14.40 lb E y = 14.40 lb
! ! !
Fx = 0: Fy = 0:
Ax + 14.4 lb = 0 Ay 24 lb + 14.40 lb = 0
A x = 14.40 lb
A y = 9.60 lb
(b) FBD CE:
Note AC is a two-force member

M E = 0:
( 3 in.)
1 4 FAC + FAC (1 in.)( 24 lb ) = 0 17 17
FAC = 1.6 17 lb,
A x = 6.40 lb A y = 1.600 lb
!
! !
Fx = 0: E x
4 1.6 17 lb = 0, 17
E x = 6.40 lb
Fy = 0:
Ey +
1 1.6 17 lb 24 lb = 0 17
E y = 22.4 lb
Chapter 6, Solution 85. (a) FBD AC:

M A = 0:
( 0.4 m )
1 1 FCE + FCE ( 0.3 m )( 320 lb ) 2 2
FCE = 120 2 N,
E x = 120.0 N E y = 120.0 N
! ! !
Fx = 0:
Ax +
1 120 2 N = 0, 2
A x = 120.0 N
(b) FBD CE:
Fy = 0:
Ay 320 N +
1 120 2 N = 0 2
A y = 200 N
Note: AC is a two-force member

M E = 0:
( 0.25 m )
1 1 FAC + FAC ( 0.15 m )( 320 N ) = 0 2 2
FAC = 96 2 N,
A x = 96.0 N A y = 96.0 N
! ! ! !
Fx = 0: Ex 96.0 N = 0 Fy = 0:
E y 320 N + 96.0 N = 0
E x = 96.0 N E y = 224 N

(a) FBD AC:

M A = 0: 1 1 ( 8 in.) FCE ( 2 in.) FCE + 192 lb in. = 0 2 2
FCE = 19.2 2 lb,
E x = 19.20 lb E y = 19.20 lb
! ! !
Fx = 0:
(b) FBD CE:
Ax 19.2 lb = 0, Ay 19.2 lb = 0,
A x = 19.20 lb A y = 19.20 lb
Fy = 0:

M E = 0:
( 3 in.)
4 1 FAE + FAE + 192 lb in. = 0 17 17

Ax = 4 FAE , 17
FAE = 12.8 17 lb,
A x = 51.2 lb A y = 12.80 lb E x = 51.2 lb E y = 12.80 lb
! ! ! !
Ay =
1 FAE , 17
Fx = 0: Ex 51.2 lb = 0, Fy = 0:
E y 12.80 lb = 0,

(a) FBD AC:

M A = 0: 2 FCE = 0, 120 N m ( 0.4 m ) 2
FCE = 150 2 N
E x = 150.0 N E y = 150.0 N Fx = 0:
(b) FBD CE:
! ! !
Ax 150.0 N = 0, Ay 150.0 N = 0,
A x = 150.0 N A y = 150.0 N
Fy = 0:

2 M E = 0: ( 0.25 m ) FAC + 120 N m = 0 2
FAC = 240 2 N,
A x = 240 N A y = 240 N
! ! ! !
Fx = 0: 240 N Ex = 0, Fy = 0:
E y 240 N = 0,
E x = 240 N E y = 240 N

FBD Frame:
Note: In analysis of entire frame, location of M is immaterial. Note also that AB, BC, and FG are two force members.
M H = 0:
( 6 ft ) I y
180 lb ft = 0,
I y = 30.0 lb
(a) FBD AI:
Fy = 0:
30 lb
5 FAB = 0, 13
FAB = 78.0 lb
22.6 !
! !
M C = 0:
( 2.5 ft )
12 78 lb FFG = 0, 13
FGH = 72.0 lb FBC = 144.0 lb
Fx = 0: FBC
12 78 lb 72 lb = 0, 13
(b) FBD AI:
FAB = 78.0 lb As above, Fy = 0 yields Then: 12 M C = 0: ( 2.5 ft ) 78.0 lb FFG 180 lb ft = 0 13
22.6 !
FFG = 0 !
Fx = 0: FBC 12 ( 78.0 lb ) = 0, 13
FBC = 72.0 lb

(a) FBD ACF:
Note: BC is a two-force member

M F = 0:
( 0.1 m )(120 N ) ( 0.3 m )
1 FBC = 0, 26
FBC = 40 26 N,
B x = 200 N B y = 40.0 N
! ! !
Fx = 0:
5 40 26 N Fx = 0, 26
Fy 120 N 1 40 26 N = 0, 26
Fx = 200 N
(b) FBD BCE:
Fy = 0:
Fy = 160.0 N
Note ACF is a two-force member

M B = 0:
( 0.4 m )(120 N ) ( 0.3 m )
1 FCF = 0, 5
FCF = 160 5 N,
Fx = 320 N Fy = 160.0 N
! ! !
Fx = 0: Bx Fy = 0:
2 160 5 N = 0, 5
B x = 320 N
1 160 5 N 120 N B y = 0 5
B y = 40.0 N
(c) Moving the 120 N force from D to E does not affect the reactions. The answers are the same as in part (b). !
Chapter 6, Solution 90. (a) FBD AF: Note: BC is a two-force member

M F = 0:
( 0.3 m )
1 FBC 48 N m = 0, 26
FBC = 160 26 N so
B x = 800 N B y = 160.0 N
!
! ! !
Fx = 0:
(b & c) FBD BCE:
Fx 800 N = 0, Fy + 160 N = 0,
Fx = 800 N Fy = 160.0 N
Fy = 0:
Note: ACF is a two-force member, and that the application point of the couple is immaterial.
M B = 0:
( 0.3 m )
1 FCF 48 N m = 0 5
FCF = 160 5 N,
Fx = 320 N Fy = 160.0 N
! ! ! !
Fx = 0: 320 N Bx = 0, Fy = 0: 160 N + By = 0,
B x = 320 N B y = 160.0 N

\
First note that, when a cable or cord passes over a frictionless, motionless pulley, the tension is unchanged.
M C = 0:
rT1 rT2 = 0
T1 = T2
(a) Replace each force with an equivalent force-couple.
(b) Cut cable and replace forces on pulley with equivalent pair of forces at A as above.

FBD Pipe 2:
Fx = 0:
Fy = 0:
NG ND
3 ( 220 lb ) = 0, 5 4 ( 220 lb ) = 0, 5
NG = 132 lb N D = 176 lb
FBD Pipe 1:
= 90 2 tan 1
Fx = 0:
3 = 16.2602 4
3 ( 220 lb ) = 0 5 4 ( 220 lb ) = 0 5
N F cos (16.2602 ) 132 lb

N F = 275.00 lb
Fy = 0:
N C + ( 275 lb ) cos (16.2602 )

NC = 99.00 lb
FBD Frame & Pipes:
M A = 0:
( 48 in.) E y 24 in. + 24 in. + (10 in.) (220 lb) = 0

4 5
E y = 256
2 lb, 3 2 lb = 0 3
E y = 257 lb
Fy = 0:
Ay 2 ( 220 lb ) + 256 Ay = 183 1 lb 3
A y = 183.3 lb
Ax = E x
Fx = 0:
Ax E x = 0,
FBD BE:
M B = 0:
( 24 in.) 256
E x = 399.5 lb,
2 15 lb (18 in.) E x + in. ( 275 lb ) = 0 3 4

E x = 400 lb
A x = 400 lb
From above,
Chapter 6, Solution 93. FBD Pipe 2:
Fx' = 0:
Fy = 0:
NG
ND
3 ( 220 lb ) = 0, 5
4 ( 220 lb ) = 0, 5
NG = 132 lb
N D = 176 lb
FBD Pipe 1:
Fx = 0: Fy = 0:
NF NC
3 ( 220 lb ) 132 lb = 0, 5
N F = 264 lb NC = 176 lb
4 ( 220 lb ) = 0, 5
M B = 0:
( 24 in.) E y ( 32 in.) Ex + ( 5 in.) ( 264 lb ) = 0

4Ex 3E y = 165 (1)
FBD BE:
FBD Frame with Pipes:
M A = 0: ( 48 in.) E y (14 in.) Ex + ( 5 in.) ( 264 lb ) ( 35 in. + 45 in.) (176 lb ) = 0 (2)
solving with (1) above: E y = 355 2 lb, 3

E y = 356 lb
!
Fx = 0:
Ax 308 lb
4 3 ( 264 lb ) + 2 (176 lb ) = 0 5 5
A x = 308 lb Fy = 0:
Ay + 355
2 3 4 lb ( 264 lb ) 2 (176 lb ) = 0 3 5 5 A y = 84.3 lb

!
Chapter 6, Solution 94. FBD AC:
M c = 0:
( 0.6 m ) Ax ( 0.06 m )(170 N ) = 0,

A x = 17.00 N
17 N + 15 (170 N ) Cx = 0, 17 Cx = 133 N
Fx = 0:
FBD CE:
Fx = 0:
133 N
15 (170 N ) + Ex = 0, 17
E x = 17.00 N
M C = 0:
( 0.48 m )(17.00 N ) + ( 0.90 m ) E y

( 0.45 m ) (170 N ) = 0,
E y = 75.9 N
FBD Frame:
Fy = 0:
Ay 170 N + 75.9 N = 0,
A y = 94.1 N
Chapter 6, Solution 95. FBD Frame & pulley:
M B = 0:
( 0.6 m ) Ay ( 0.075 m )( 240 N ) = 0,

A y = 30.0 N
30.0 N + By 240 N = 0,
Fy = 0:
B y = 270 N
Fx = 0: Ax + Bx = 0, Ax = Bx
FBD AD:
M D = 0:
( 0.200 m ) Ax ( 0.075 m ) ( 240 N ) + ( 0.30 m ) ( 30 N ) = 0

A x = 45.0 N
Ax = Bx ,
From above
B x = 45.0 N

(a)
FBD Entire machine:

M A = 0:
( 95 in.) (16 kips) ( 35 in.)(18 kips ) + (145 in.) ( 2B )

(170 in.) ( 50 kips ) = 0, B = 26.241 kips
B = 26.2 kips
Fy = 0: (b)
16 kips + 2 A 18 kips + 2 ( 26.241 kips ) 50 kips = 0,
A = 15.76 kips FBD Motor unit:

M D = 0:
( 30 in.) Cx + (85 in.)( 52.482 kips ) (110 in.)( 50 kips ) = 0

Cx = 34.634 kips,
C x = 34.6 kips D x = 34.6 kips
Fx = 0: Fy = 0:
Dx 34.634 kips = 0, 52.482 kips 50 kips Dy = 0,
D y = 2.48 kips

(a) FBD Entire Machine:
M A = 0:
(145 in.) (2B) ( 35 in.)(18 kips )

(170 in.)( 50 kips ) = 0 2B = 62.966 kips, B = 31.5 kips
!
Fy = 0:
2 A + 62.966 kips 18 kips 50 kips = 0 2 A = 5.034 kips, A = 2.52 kips

!
where A and B are single wheel forces

(b) FBD Motor unit: M D = 0:
(85 in.)( 62.966 kips ) (110 in.)( 50 kips )

+ (30 in.) Cx = 0, Cx = 4.9297 kips C x = 4.93 kips
!
Fy = 0:
Dy 50 kips + 62.966 kips = 0 D y = 12.97 kips

!
Fx = 0:
Dx C x = 0, Dx = Cx , D x = 4.93 kips
!
Chapter 6, Solution 98. FBD Frame:
M A = 0: Fx = 0: Fy = 0:
( 0.625 m ) F ( 0.75 m )( 4 kN ) (1.25 m )( 3 kN ) = 0

Fx = 10.8 kN
Ax 10.8 kN = 0, Ay 4 kN 3 kN = 0,
A x = 10.80 kN A y = 7.00 kN
FBD BF: (I)
FBD ABD: (II)
I: II:
M C = 0: M D = 0:
( 0.375 m )(10.8 kN ) ( 0.25 m ) Bx = 0,
Bx = 16.2 kN,
B x = 16.20 kN
( 0.25 m )(10.8 kN + 16.2 kN ) + ( 0.5 m ) By (1.00 m )( 7.0 kN ) = 0,

By = 0.5 kN,
B y = 500 N D x = 27.0 kN D y = 6.50 kN
Fx = 0: Fy = 0:
10.8 kN 16.20 kN + Dx = 0, 7.0 kN 0.5 kN Dy = 0,
Dx = 27 kN, Dy = 6.5 kN,

FBD Frame:
M A = 0:
( 0.3 m ) Dx = ( 0.4 m ) ( 900 N ) = 0,

Ax = 1.200 kN,
Dx = 1200 N
D x = 1.200 kN
Fx = 0: 1.200 kN Ax = 0, Fy = 0:
A x = 1.200 kN A y = 900 N
Ay 900 N = 0
Note: AG is a two-force member. M A = 0:

FBD AC:
( 0.2 m ) By ( 0.4 m ) ( 900 N ) = 0,

900 N + 1800 N 900 N 3 FAG = 0 5
By = 1800 N
Fy = 0:
FAG = 3000 N
Fx = 0: On GBEH:
( FAGx = 2400 N,
FAGy = 1800 N
)
Bx = 3600 N
4 ( 3000 N ) 1200 N + Bx = 0, 5
G x = 2.40 kN B x = 3.60 kN
, ,
G y = 1.800 kN ! B y = 1.800 kN
FDH = 0
!
M E = 0: Fx = 0:
FBD DF:
( 0.2 m )
3 FDH = 0, 5 1200 N Ex = 0
Ex = 1200 N
Fy = 0:
Ey = 0
On GBEH:
E x = 1.200 kN H x = 0,
Ey = 0 ! Hy = 0 !

FBD Frame:
M A = 0:
( 6 in.) Dx (13.5 in.) ( 48 lb ) (16.5 in.) ( 20 lb ) = 0

Dx = 163 lb A x + 20 lb + 48 lb + 163 lb = 0 Ax = 231 lb
Fx = 0:
Fy = 0:
Ay = 0
FBD DE:
M E = 0:
(19.5 in.)(163 lb ) ( 6 in.) Bx = 0

Bx = 529.75 lb
M C = 0: On ABC: Fx = 0:
( 4.5 in.) By ( 7.5 in.)( 231 lb ) = 0,

B x = 530 lb
231 lb + 529.75 lb Cx = 0, C y 385 lb = 0, C y = 385 lb
By = 385 lb ,
B y = 385 lb
Cx = 298.75 lb
FBD ABC:
Fy = 0: On ABC:
C x = 299 lb
C y = 385 lb
Chapter 6, Solution 101. FBD Frame:
M E = 0:
( 6 in.)(84 lb ) ( 42 in.) Ay = 0
Ay = 12.00 lb
FBD CF: (I)
FBD ABC: (II)
I: II:
M D = 0: M B = 0:
( 3.5 in.) Cx + ( 7 in.) C y ( 5 in.) (84 lb ) = 0,

(12 in.) C y ( 3.5 in.) Cx (12 in.) (12 lb ) = 0,
Solving: On ABC:
Cx + 2C y = 120 lb 3.5 Cx 12 C y = 144 lb Cx = 60.632 lb, C y = 29.684 lb
C x = 60.6 lb,
Bx = 60.632 lb, By = 41.684 lb,
C y = 29.7 lb B x = 60.6 lb B y = 41.7 lb
II:
Fx = 0: Fy = 0:
Bx + 60.632 lb = 0, 12 lb + By + 29.684 lb = 0,

FBD Stool:
w 1 N = ( 56 kg ) 9.81 = 274.68 N 2 2 kg M A = 0:
( 0.350 m ) By ( 0.150 m )( 274.68 N ) = 0,

By = 117.72 N
FBD BE:
M E = 0:
(1.25 m )(117.72 N ) ( 0.15 m )
1 FFG = 0 2
FFG = 98.1 2 N
Fx = 0: Fy = 0: Ex 1 (98.1 2) N = 0, 2
E x = 98.1 N
Ey +
1 (98.1 2 N) + 117.72 N = 0 2
E y = 215.82 N,
E y = 216 N

FBD BC:
Note that only one of the forces B y , By exists.

M C = 0: M C B y or B ( 0.15 m ) y
1 FFG = 0 2
2 FFG = M B or B y 0.15 m C y
(1)
So we seek a maximum of M C By or B y where FBD stool:
M C By = ( 0.125 m ) By
( ) M C ( B ) = ( 0.175 m ) B y y
w = ( 56 kg ) ( 9.81 N/kg ) = 549.36 N consider contact at A, A y = 0, either
M A = ( 0.425 m ) By ( 0.225 m ) By = 0.26471 w,
w =0 2
M C By = ( 0.03309 m ) w
( )
(i)
or ( M A ) = ( 0.475 m ) B ( 0.225 m ) y
w =0 2
(ii)
B = ( 0.23684 ) w, M C B = ( 0.04145 m ) w y y consider contact at A, Ay = 0, either M A = 0:
( )
( 0.35 m ) By ( 0.15 m )
w =0 2 (iii) w =0 2 (iv)
!
By = 0.21429 w, M C By = ( 0.02678 m ) w or M A = 0: B = 0.1875 w, y
( )
( 0.40 m )
B ( 0.15 m ) y
M C B = ( 0.03281 m ) w y
( )
(a) The maximum is (ii), with contact at A and B, and

2 (b) FFG max = 0.15 m ( 0.04145 m ) ( 549.36 N ) = 214.69 N,
FFG max = 215 N T !
Chapter 6, Solution 104. Members FBDs:
I:
M A = 0:
M C = 0:
(12.8 ft ) Bx ( 32 ft ) By ( 20 ft )(14 kips ) = 0

( 7.2 ft ) Bx + ( 24 ft ) By (12 ft )( 21 kips ) = 0
Solving: Bx = 27.5 kips, By = 2.25 kips,
II:
I:
Fx = 0: Fy = 0:
Ax 27.5 kips = 0,
!
Ax = 27.5 kips, A y = 16.25 kips (b) B x = 27.5 kips B y = 2.25 kips
(a)
! ! !
A x = 27.5 kips
Ay 14 kips 2.25 kips = 0, Ay = 16.25 kips,
Chapter 6, Solution 105. Member FBDs:
II:
M C = 0:
M A = 0:
( 7.2 ft ) Bx ( 24 ft ) By (12 ft )(14 kips ) = 0

(12.8 ft ) Bx + ( 32 ft ) By ( 20 ft )( 21 kips ) = 0
Solving: Bx = 28.75 kips, By = 1.675 kips,
I:
I:
Fx = 0: Fy = 0:
Ax 28.75 kips = 0,
!
Ax = 28.75 kips, A y = 19.38 kips (b) B x = 28.8 kips B y = 1.625 kips
(a)
! ! !
A x = 28.8 kips
Ay 21 kips + 1.625 kips, Ay = 19.375 kips ,

\
FBD Frame:
M A = 0:
(12 in.) Dx ( 28 in.)( 411 lb ) = 0

D x = 959 lb
FBD DF:
Note that BF and CE are two-force members.

Fx = 0:
M D = 0:
959 lb +
(12 in.)
4 15 FCE FBF = 0 5 17
3 8 FCE + ( 34.5 in.) FBF = 0 5 17
Solving:
M E = 01:
FBF = 357 lb,
( 22.5 in.) ( 357 lb ) (12 in.) Dy = 0

8 17
D y = 315 lb ,
so
(a) (b)
D = 1009 lb
18.18
FBF = 357 lb T

FBD Frame:
M A = 0:
(12 in.) Dx ( 34.5 in.)( 274 lb ) = 0

Dx = 787.75 lb
FBD DF:
M D = 0: Fx = 0:
(12 in.)
3 8 FCE + ( 34.5 in.) FBF 274 lb = 0 5 17 4 15 FCE FBF = 0 5 17
787.75 lb +
Solving:
M E = 0:
FBF = 684.25 lb,
( 22.5 in.) ( 684.25 lb ) 274 lb (12 in.) Dy

8 17
=0
Dy = 90 lb,
so
(a) (b)
D = 793 lb
6.52
FBF = 684 lb T
Chapter 6, Solution 108. FBD AC: Note that BE is a two force member
Fy = 0: 1 FBE P = 0 5
FBE = 5 P
= 0:
( 0.4 m )
1 5
2 5 P + ( 0.1 m ) 5
5P
a P + ( 0.3 m ) C = 0
so
( a 0.6 m ) P = ( 0.3 m ) C
a 0.6 m
since P > 0 and C 0, a 0.6 m 0
= 0:
( 0.6 m )
4 4 FCF ( 0.9 m ) FDG = 0 5 5
4 4 = 0: ( 0.3 m ) FCF + ( 0.6 m ) FDG ( 0.9 m )( 800 N ) = 0 5 5 Solving: FCF = 9000 N, FDG = 6000 N FCF = 9.00 kN C FDG = 6.00 kN T
M A = 0:
( 0.3 m ) FBF ( 0.9 m )
4 FDG = 0 5
M E = 0: Solving:
4 ( 0.3 m ) FBF + ( 0.6 m ) FDG ( 0.9 m )( 0.8 kN ) = 0 5 FBE = 3 kN, FBF = 7.2 kN so FBF = 7.20 kN T FDG = 3.00 kN C
M A = 0:
( 0.6 m )
4 4 FCH ( 0.3 m ) FBG = 0 5 5
M E = 0: Solving:
4 4 ( 0.9 m ) FCH + ( 0.6 m ) FBG ( 0.9 m )( 0.8 kN ) = 0 5 5 FBG = 6 kN, FCH = 3 kN so FBG = 6.00 kN T FCH = 3.00 kN C

Member FBDs:
I:
M J = 0:
2a C y + a Cx a P = 0 Solving: Cx = P P , Cy = 2 4
II:
M K = 0: 2a C y a C x = 0
I:
Fx = 0:
1 FBG Cx = 0, 2
FAF +
FBG = 2C x =
2 P, 2
FAF = P , 4
FBG = 0.707 P T
Fy = 0:
1 2 P P P + = 0, 4 2 2
FAF = 0.250 P T
II:
Fx = 0:
Fy = 0:
Cx
1 FDG = 0, 2
FDG = 2C x =
2 P, 2
P 4
FDG = 0.707 P T FEH = 0.250 P C
P 1 2 P + FEH = 0, + 4 2 2
FEH =
Note that, if we assume P is applied to BF, each individual member FBD looks like: 2 Fload 3
so
Fshort = 2Flong =
(by moment equations about S and L). Labeling each interaction force with the letter corresponding to the joint of application, we have:
F = E = 2(P + E) 3 = 2B
C D = 3 2 B A C = = 3 2 so 2(P + E) = 2 B = 6C = 18E 3 P + E = 27 E
E=
P 26 P 13 3P 13
so D = 2E =
A = 2C = 3E
F = 2 P P + 3 26
A= F=
9P 13
Note that, if we assume P is applied to EG, each individual member FBD looks like
so
2Fleft = 2 Fright = Fmiddle
Labeling each interaction force with the letter corresponding to the joint of its application, we see that
B = 2 A = 2F C = 2B = 2D G = 2C = 2H P + F = 2G ( = 4C = 8B = 16 F ) = 2E
From
P + F = 16 F , F =
P 15
so A =
D= H= E=
P 15 2P 15 4P 15 8P 15

(a) Member FBDs:
FBD II:
Fy = 0:
By = 0
M B = 0: aF2 = 0
F2 = 0
FBD I:
M A = 0:
aF2 2aP = 0
but F2 = 0 so P = 0
not rigid for P 0 !
(b) Member FBDs:
Note: 7 unknowns Ax , Ay , Bx , By , F1, F2 , C but only 6 independent equations. System is statically indeterminate ! System is, however, rigid ! (c) FBD whole:
FBD right:
FBD I:
M A = 0: 5aBy 2aP = 0
Fy = 0: Ay P + 2 P=0 5
By = Ay =
2 P 5
3 P 5
FBD II:
M c = 0:
a 5a Bx By = 0 2 2 Ax = Bx
Bx = 5By
A x = 2P
B x = 2P
FBD I:
Fx = 0: Ax + Bx = 0
A = 2.09P
B = 2.04P
16.70 !
11.31 !
System is rigid !

Note: In all three cases, the right member has only three forces acting, two of which are parallel. Thus the third force, at B, must be parallel to the link forces. (a) FBD whole:
M A = 0:
Fx = 0:
Fy = 0:
2aP Ax
a 4 1 B + 5a B=0 4 17 17
B = 2.06 P
B = 2.06P
14.04 !
4 B=0 17
1 B=0 17
A x = 2P
Ay = P 2 A = 2.06P
14.04 !
Ay P +
rigid !
(b) FBD whole:
Since B passes through A,

no equilibrium if P 0
M A = 2aP = 0 only if P = 0
not rigid !
(c) FBD whole:
M A = 0: 5a
1 3a 4 B+ B 2aP = 0 4 17 17 4 B=0 17 1 B=0 17
B=
17 P 4
B = 1.031P
14.04 !
Fx = 0: Ax +
Ax = P Ay = P P 3P = 4 4
Fy = 0: Ay P +
A = 1.250P
36.9 !
System is rigid !

(a) Member FBDs:
FBD I:
FBD II:
M A = 0: aF1 2aP = 0
M B = 0: aF2 = 0
F1 = 2P; F2 = 0
Fy = 0: Ay P = 0
Ay = P
Fx = 0: Bx + F1 = 0, Bx = F1 = 2P
B x = 2P so B = 2P
!
Fy = 0: By = 0
FBD I:
Fx = 0: Ax F1 + F2 = 0
Ax = F2 F1 = 0 2P
A x = 2P so A = 2.24P
26.6 !
Frame is rigid ! (b) FBD left:

FBD whole:
FBD I:
M E = 0:
a a 5a P + Ax Ay = 0 2 2 2
Ax 5 Ay = P Ax 5 Ay = 3P This is impossible unless P = 0 not rigid !
FBD II:
M B = 0: 3aP + aAx 5aAy = 0
(c) Member FBDs:
FBD I: Fy = 0: A P = 0 M D = 0: aF1 2aA = 0 Fx = 0: F2 F1 = 0 FBD II: M B = 0: 2aC aF1 = 0 F1 = 2 P F2 = 2 P
A= P
C =
F1 = P 2 Bx = P P = 0 By = C = P
C= P
Fx = 0: F1 F2 + Bx = 0 Fx = 0: By + C = 0
B= P !
Frame is rigid !
Chapter 6, Solution 118. FBD ABC:

M C = 0: 0.045 m + ( 0.30 m ) sin 30 ( 400 N ) sin 30 + 0.030 m + ( 0.30 m ) cos 30 ( 400 N ) cos 30
12 5 ( 0.03 m ) FBD ( 0.045 m ) FBD = 0 13 13 FBD = 3097.64 N Fx = 0: 5 ( 3097.64 N ) ( 400 N ) sin 30 Cx = 0 13 C x = 991.39 N Fy = 0: 12 ( 3097.64 N ) ( 400 N ) cos 30 C y = 0 13 C y = 2512.9 N
FBD Blade:
(a) Vertical component at D =
12 ( 3097.64 N ) 13 = 2.86 kN
(b)
C = 2.70 kN
68.5
Chapter 6, Solution 119. FBD Blade:
Fy = 0:
3 kN
12 FBD = 0: FBD = 3.25 kN C 13
FBD ABC:
M C = 0:
0.045 m + ( 0.3 m ) sin 30 P sin 30 + 0.030 m + ( 0.3 m ) cos 30 P cos 30
( 0.045 m ) ( 0.03 m )
5 ( 3.25 kN ) 13
12 ( 3.25 kN ) = 0 13 so (a) P = 420 N
P = 0.41968 kN
Fx = 0:
( 0.41968 kN ) sin 30 +
5 ( 3.25 kN ) Cx = 0 13 12 ( 3.25 kN ) C y = 0 13 C = 2.83 kN
C x = 1.04016 kN Fy = 0: ( 0.41968 kN ) cos30 +
C y = 2.6365 kN so (b)
68.5
FBD Stamp D:
Fy = 0: E FBD cos 20 = 0, E = FBD cos 20
M A = 0:
FBD ABC:
( 0.2 m )( sin 30)( FBD cos 20)

+ ( 0.2 m )( cos 30 )( FBD sin 20 )
( 0.2 m ) sin 30 + ( 0.4 m ) cos15 ( 250 N ) = 0
FBD = 793.64 N C and, from above, E = ( 793.64 N ) cos 20 (a) Fx = 0: Ax ( 793.64 N ) sin 20 = 0 A x = 271.44 N
Fy = 0: Ay + ( 793.64 N ) cos 20 250 N = 0
E = 746 N
A y = 495.78 N
so (b )
A = 565 N
61.3 !

\
FBD Stamp D: Fy = 0: 900 N FBD cos 20 = 0,
FBD = 957.76 N C
(a) FBD ABC:

M A = 0: ( 0.2 m )( sin 30 ) ( 957.76 N ) cos 20
+ ( 0.2 m )( cos 30 ) ( 957.76 N ) sin 20 ( 0.2 m ) sin 30 + ( 0.4 m ) cos15 P = 0
P = 301.70 N,
(b)
P = 302 N
Fx = 0:
Ax ( 957.76 N ) sin 20 = 0
A x = 327.57 N
Fy = 0:
Ay + ( 957.76 N ) cos 20 301.70 N = 0

A y = 598.30 N
so
A = 682 N
61.3

FBD ABC:
= sin 1
M C = 0:
( 45 mm ) sin 25 10 mm 100 mm
= 5.1739
( 70 mm )(110 N ) ( 45 mm ) sin 25 FBD cos 5.1739

+ ( 45 mm ) cos 25 FBD sin 5.1739 = 0
FBD = 504.50 N
Fx = 0:
( 504.50 N ) cos 5.1739 (110 N ) sin 25 Cx = 0,
Cx = 455.96 N
FBD CE:
Fx = 0: 455.96 N Q = 0 (a) (b)
Q = 455.96 N,
Q = 456 N FBD = 540 N T

Member FBDs:
= tan 1
( BC + CD ) sin 60 AF + ( AB + BC CD ) cos 60
( 2.5 in. + 1 in.) sin 60 4.5 in. + (1.5 in. + 2.5 in. 1 in.) cos 60
= tan 1
= 26.802
From FBD CDE: M C = 0:
( 7.5 in.)( 20 lb ) (1 in.) FDF cos ( 30 26.802) = 0,

FDF = 150.234 lb C
Fx = 0:
(150.234 lb ) cos ( 26.802) ( 20 lb ) sin 60 Cx = 0,

Cx = 116.774 lb
Fy = 0:
(150.234 lb ) sin 26.802 ( 20 lb ) cos 60 C y

C y = 57.742 lb
=0
From FBD ABC:

M A = 0: (1.5 in.) sin 60 Bx + (1.5 in.) cos 60 By ( 4 in.) sin 60 (116.774 lb ) + ( 4 in.) cos 60 ( 57.742 lb ) = 0, 3 Bx + By = 385.37 lb
continued
(1)
From FBD BFG:

M G = 0: (1.5 in.) (150.234 lb ) sin 26.802 + (1.5 in.) cos 30 (150.234 lb ) cos 26.802 3Bx 9 B y = 96.775 lb
(1.5 in.) cos 30 Bx 6 in. + (1.5 in.) sin 30 B y = 0,
(2)
Solving (1) and (2):
Bx = 243.32 lb,
By = 36.075 lb
Fx = 0:
243.32 lb (150.234 lb ) cos 26.802 Gx = 0,
G x = 109.226 lb G y = 31.667 lb G = 113.7 lb
Fy = 0:
G y (150.234 lb ) sin 26.802 + 36.075 lb = 0, On G,
16.17 !

Member FBDs:
= tan 1
( BC + CD ) sin 60 AF + AB cos 75 + ( BC CD ) cos 60

( 2.5 in. + 1 in.) sin 60 4.5 in. + (1.5 in.) cos 75 + ( 2.5 in. 1 in.) cos 60
= tan 1
= 28.262
From FBD CDE: M C = 0:
( 7.5 in.)( 20 lb ) (1 in.) FDF cos ( 30 28.262) = 0

FDF = 150.069 lb
Fx = 0:
(150.069 lb ) cos 28.262 ( 20 lb ) sin 60 Cx = 0

Cx = 114.859 lb
Fy = 0:
(150.069 lb ) sin 28.262 ( 20 lb ) cos 60 C y

C y = 61.058 lb
=0
From FBD ABC:

M A = 0: (1.5 in.) sin 75 Bx (1.5 in.) cos 75 By (1.5 in.) sin 75 + ( 2.5 in.) sin 60 (114.859 lb ) + (1.5 in.) cos 75 + ( 2.5 in.) cos 60 ( 61.058 lb ) = 0
or 1.44889 Bx 0.38823 B y = 315.07 lb

continued
(1)
From FBD BFG:

M G = 0: (1.5 in.) (150.069 lb ) sin 28.262 + (1.5 in.) cos15 (150.069 lb ) cos 28.262 (1.5 in.) cos15 Bx + ( 6 in.) + (1.5 in.) sin15 B y = 0
or 1.44889 Bx 6.3882 B y = 84.926 lb
(2)
Solving (1) and (2):
Bx = 227.74 lb,
By = 38.358 lb
Fx = 0: Fy = 0:
227.74 lb (150.069 lb ) cos 28.262 Gx = 0, G y (150.069 lb ) sin 28.262 + 38.358 lb = 0, So force on G is
G x = 95.560 lb G y = 32.700 lb G = 101.8 lb
18.89 !

FBD Piston:
Fy = 0:
180 lb FCE cos 20 = 0,
FCE = 191.552 lb C
FBD Joint C:
FBC 191.552 = sin 40 sin 40

FBC = 191.552 lb
FBD AB:
M A = 0:
( 6 in.)(191.552 lb ) cos 30 M
=0
M = 995 lb in.

FBD AB:
M A = 0:
( 6 in.) FBC cos 30 660 lb in. = 0,

FBC = 127.017 lb T
FBD Piston:
180 lb FCE cos = 0, 180 lb C cos
Fy = 0:
FCE =
FBD Joint C:
Fy = 0:
180 lb cos + (127.017 lb ) sin 30 cos
FCD cos = 0, (1)
FCD cos = 243.51 lb Fx = 0:
(127.017 lb ) cos30
180 lb sin FCD sin = 0 cos (2)
FCD sin = 110.000 lb (180 lb ) tan divide (2) by (1) tan = 0.45173 0.73919 tan tan = 0.25974,
= 14.56

(a) FBD E:
Fx = 0:
FDE cos 160 N = 0,
FDE =
where = tan 1
FBD Joint D:
38.8 mm = 22.823, so FDE = 173.59 N C 92.2 mm 37.5 mm 18.8 mm = 25.732 38.8 mm
160 N cos
= tan 1
Fx = 0:
FCD cos ( 45 25.732 )

(173.59 N ) cos ( 25.732 + 22.823 ) = 0
FCD = 121.717 N C
FBD BC: M B = 0:
( 0.045 m )(121.717 N ) sin 45 M

M = 3.873 N m,
= 0, M = 3.87 N m
!
(b) FBD E:
Fx = 0:
FDE cos 160 N = 0,
FDE =
160 N cos
where = tan 1
20 mm + 35.4 mm 26.4 mm = 16.8584 92.2 mm + 27.8 mm 24.3 mm so FDE = 167.185 N C
continued
FBD Joint D:
= tan 1 = tan 1
27.8 mm 24.3 mm = 7.5520 26.4 mm 20 mm + 35.4 mm 26.4 mm = 42.363 24.3 mm + 7.5 mm
Fy = 0:
(167.185 N ) sin (16.8584 + 42.363)

FCD sin ( 90 7.5520 42.363 ) = 0, FCD = 223.07 N C
FBD BC:
= tan 1
35.4 mm = 51.857 27.8 mm
M B = 0: M ( 0.045 m )( 223.07 N ) sin ( 90 51.857 7.5520 ) = 0
M = 5.12 N m !

(a) FBD BC: M B = 0:
( 0.045 m ) FCD sin 45 6.00 N m = 0

FCD = 188.562 N C
FBD Joint D:
= tan 1
38.8 mm = 22.823 92.2 mm 37.5 mm 18.8 mm = 25.732 38.8 mm
= tan 1
Fx = 0:
(188.562 N ) cos ( 45 25.732)

FDE cos ( 22.823 + 25.732 ) = 0, FDE = 268.92 N C
FBD E:
Fx = 0:
( 268.92 N ) cos ( 22.823) P = 0,

P = 248 N
!
(b) FBD BC:
= tan 1
35.4 mm = 51.857 27.8 mm 27.8 mm 24.3 mm = 7.5520 26.4 mm
= tan 1
M B = 0:
( 0.045 m ) FCD sin ( 90 51.857 7.5510) 6.00 N m = 0

FCD = 262.00 N C
continued
FBD Joint D:
= 7.5520, = tan 1
= tan 1
20 mm + 35.4 mm 26.4 mm = 42.363 24.3 mm + 7.5 mm
20 mm + 35.4 mm 26.4 mm = 16.8584 92.2 mm + 27.8 mm 24.3 mm

FDE sin (16.8584 + 42.363 ) ( 262.00 N ) sin ( 90 7.5520 42.363 ) = 0, FDE = 196.366 N C
Fy = 0:
FBD E:
Fx = 0:
(196.366 N )( cos16.8584) P = 0,
P = 187.9 N
!

Member FBDs:
BCD:
Fy = 0: M C = 0:
By = 0
( 0.128 m ) Bx ( 0.10 m )(80 N ) = 0,
Bx = 62.5 N
AB:
M A = 0:
(0.15 m) ( 62.5 N ) M = 0,
M = 9.38 N m

FBD BCD: d = 0.24 m 0.100 m = 0.1875 m 0.128 m
Fy = 0:
(80 N ) sin 45 By
=0
By = 40 2 N
M C = 0:
( 0.100 m )(80 N ) cos 45

+ ( 0.1875 m )( 80 N ) sin 45
+ ( 0.24 m ) 40 2 N
( 0.128 m ) Bx = 0
Bx = 233.13 N
FBD AB:
M A = 0:
( 0.2 m ) ( 40
2 N ( 0.15 m )( 233.13 N ) = 0
M = 46.3 N m.

FBD BD:
= 90 25 = 65
M B = 0: 2 ( 0.2 m ) cos 25 D sin 65 15 N m = 0
D = 45.654 N
FBD AC:
M A = 0:
M A = ( 0.2 m )( 45.654 N ) = 0
M A = 9.13 N m

FBD BD:
M B = 0: 2 ( 0.2 m ) cos 25 C 15 N m = 0
C = 41.377 N
FBD AC: M A = 0: M A ( 0.2 m )( 41.377 N ) sin 65 = 0
M A = 7.50 N m

FBD Member CD:
Noting that B is Perpendicular to CD,
Fx = 0:
Dy sin 30 ( 80 lb ) cos 30 = 0,
D y = 138.564 lb
FBD Machine:
M A = 0:
10 in. (138.564 lb ) M = 0, sin 30 M = 2771.3 lb in.

M = 2.77 kip in.
!

FBD CD: Since B is to CD
Fx = 0:
Dy sin 30 ( 80 lb ) cos 30 = 0 D y = 138.564 lb
FBD Whole:
a = 10 in. ( 8 in.) cos 30 = 3.07180 in.

b= a = 5.32051 in. tan 30
d = b 4 in. = 1.32051 in. M A = 0:
(10 in.)(80 lb ) + (1.32051 in.)(138.564 lb ) M
=0
M = 983 lb in.
FBD ABD:
First note, by inspection, that P = W = 250 lb. Note: that BC is a two-force member
3 1 FBC + ( 3 in.) FBC ( 9 in.)( 250 lb ) = 0 10 10
M D = 0:
( 5 in.)
FBC = 125 10 lb T
Fx = 0:
Dx
3 125 10 lb = 0 10
D x = 375 lb
Fy = 0: 250 lb 1 125 10 lb Dy = 0 10
D y = 125 lb
(note, that Dy = 125 lb is evident by symmetry of the barrel) so D = 395 lb

18.43

\
FBD whole:
By symmetry A = B = 22.5 kN
FBD ADF:
M F = 0:
( 75 mm ) CD (100 mm )( 22.5 kN ) = 0
CD = 30 kN
Fx = 0: Fy = 0:
Fx CD = 0 22.5 kN Fy = 0
Fx = CD = 30 kN Fy = 22.5 kN so F = 37.5 kN
36.9

FBD Joint A:
TB TC 2.1 kN = = 17 17 30
FBD BF and CF w/cables to A:
TB = TC = 1.19 kN Ex = Fx = 1.05 kN and E y = Fy
By symmetry
FBD Machine:
By symmetry
H x = I x = 1.05 kN and H y = I y
FBD BF:
M D = 0:
( 0.075 m ) Fy ( 0.08 m ) (1.05 kN )

15 (1.19 kN ) 17 8 ( 0.16 m ) (1.19 kN ) = 0 16 Fy = 4.48 kN ( 0.15 m )
M G = 0:
FBD FGH:
( 0.075 m ) ( 4.48 kN ) + ( 0.08 m ) (1.05 kN ) + ( 0.02 m ) (1.05 kN ) ( 0.15 m ) H y = 0

H y = 2.94 kN 2.94 kN G y + 4.48 kN = 0 , 1.05 kN + Gx + 1.05 kN = 0 , so G y = 7.42 kN Gx = 0
H = 3.12 kN
Fy = 0: Fx = 0:
70.3 !
G = 7.42 kN !
Chapter 6, Solution 138. FBD Machine:

By inspection, P = W = 110 lb, By symmetry: Fy = 0: H x = Ix, Hy = Iy H y = I y = 55 lb,
110 lb 2H y = 0 ,
By symmetry:
FBD ABC:
Fy = 0:
FCE = FBD
4 110 lb 2 FCE = 0 , 5
FCE = FBD =
550 lb C 8
M H = 0:
( 2.5 in.)
4 550 3 550 lb + (17 in.) lb 5 8 5 8 (4 in.) FFG = 0

FFG = 210 lb
FBD DFH:
FFG = 209.69 lb, Fx = 0: 209.69 lb
3 550 lb H x = 0 5 8 H x = 168.440 lb so
H = 177.2 lb
18.08
Chapter 6, Solution 139. FBD top handle:

Note CD and DE are two-force members
M A = 0:
( 4 in.)
6 5 FCD (1.5 in.) FCD (13.2 in.) ( 90 lb ) = 0 61 61
FCD = 72 61 lb By symmetry: FDE = FCD = 72 61 lb
FBD Joint D:
Fx = 0: D2 5 72 61 lb = 0, 61
D = 720 lb
Chapter 6, Solution 140. FBD top handle:

By symmetry the horizontal force at F must be zero Fx = 0: Dx = 0 M F = 0:
( 0.015 m ) Fy ( 0.185 m )(135 N ) = 0

Dy = 1665 N
FBD ABD:
M B = 0:
( 40 mm ) (1665 N ) ( 30 mm ) A = 0
A= 2220 N A= 2.22 kN

FBD cutter AC:
M C = 0:
( 32 mm )1.5 KN ( 28 mm ) Ay (10 mm ) Ax
11 10 Ax + 28 Ax = 48 kN 13 Ax = 1.42466 kN Ay = 1.20548 kN
=0
FBD handle AD:
M D = 0:
(15 mm )(1.20548 kN ) ( 5 mm )(1.42466 kN )

(70 mm) P = 0
P = 0.1566 kN = 156.6 N

FBD CD:
= tan 1
M D = 0:
0.85 in. 0.3 in. = 22.932 2.6 in. 1.3 in.
( 3.4 in.)( 30 lb ) ( 0.8 in.) FAC sin 22.932

+ ( 0.3 in.) FAC cos 22.932 = 0 FAC = 2879.6 lb
Fx = 0: Dx ( 2879.6 lb ) cos 22.932 = 0, Fy = 0: Dy ( 2879.6 lb ) sin 22.932 + 30 lb = 0,
Dx = 2652.0 lb
FBD BD:
M B = 0:
Dy = 1092.00 lb
( 2.6 in.) F + ( 0.2 in.)(1092.00 lb )

( 0.85 in.)( 2652.0 lb ) = 0 F = 783 lb

FBD Joint B:
= tan 1
1 = 5.7106 10
Fx = 0: FBC cos ( 30 + 5.7106 ) ( 54 lb ) cos 30 = 0 FBC = 57.595 lb T
By symmetry:
FCD = 57.595 lb
FBD Joint C:
Fx = 0: 2 ( 57.595 lb ) sin ( 5.7106 ) P = 0 P = 11.4618 lb so
P = 11.46 lb
30.0

FBD BC:
M B = 0:
(1 in.) Cx ( 2.65 in.) ( 270 lb ) = 0

Cx = 715.5 lb
FBD CF:
M C = 0:
( 3.5 in.) P ( 0.75 in.) FDE cos 40 + ( 0.65 in.) FDE sin 40 = 0
FDE = 22.333 P
Fx = 0: C x ( 22.333 P ) cos 40 + P sin 30 = 0 P = 43. 081 lb
P = 43.1 lb
60.0

FBD Handles:
M C = 0: aBx + b (100 N 100 N ) = 0 Bx = 0
FBD top handle:

M A = 0:
( 28 mm ) By (110 mm ) (100 N ) = 0
By = 392.86 N
FBD top blade:
M D = 0:
( 40 mm ) ( 392.86 N ) ( 30 mm ) E = 0
E = 523.81 N E = 524 N

FBD BE:
M B = 0:
746 mm C ( 640 mm ) ( 0.25 kN ) = 0 C= 160 kN 746
FBD Blade:
M A = 0:
( 38 mm ) F ( 47 mm )
2 160 kN 5 746
1 160 kN = 0 ( 23 mm ) 5 746 F = 8.82 kN

FBD Boom with bucket and man:
= tan 1
3 ft + ( 6 ft ) sin 35 = 62.070 ( 6 ft ) cos 35 1.5 ft
M A = 0: ( 6 ft ) cos 35 ( FBD sin 62.070 ) ( 6 ft ) sin 35 ( FBD cos 62.070 )

( 9ft ) cos 35 (1400 lb ) ( 20 ft ) cos 35 ( 450 lb ) = 0
FBD = 17693 lb,
FBD = 6.48 kips
62.1

FBD AED:
(a)
M A = 0:
( 36 in.) (1500 lb ) ( 25 in.) F = 0,

F = 2160 lb Ay = 1500 lb
Fy = 0: Ay 1500 lb = 0, Fy = 0: Ax 2160 lb = 0, Ax = 2160 lb
FBD Entire machine:
M B = 0:
(84 in.) (1500 lb ) ( 25 in.) Gx = 0,

Gx = 5040 lb
M C = 0:
FBD AG:
( 24 in.) ( Gy + 1500 lb ) (12.5 in.) ( 5040 lb 2160 lb ) = 0,

Gy = 0
(b)
Fy = 0: C y 1500 lb + 0 = 0, C y = 1500 lb Fx = 0: Cx 2160 lb 5040 lb = 0, Cx = 7200 lb
so on BCF,
C x = 7.20 kips
C y = 1.500 kips
FBD boom:
Note:
= tan 1
( 3.2sin 24 1) m ( 3.2cos 24 0.6 ) m
= 44.73
(a)
M A = 0: ( 6.4 m ) cos 24 ( 2.3544 kN ) ( 3.2 m ) cos 24 B sin 44.73 + ( 3.2 m ) sin 24 B cos 44.73 = 0
B = 12.153 kN
B = 12.15 kN
44.7
Fx = 0: Ax (12.153 kN ) cos 44.73 = 0
A x = 8.633 kN
(b) Fy = 0: 2.3544 kN + (12.153 kN ) sin 44.73 Ay = 0
A y = 6.198 kN
On boom:
On carriage:
A = 10.63 kN
A = 10.63 kN
35.7
35.7

FBD Bucket (one side):
(a)
M D = 0:
( 0.8 m ) ( 2.4525 kN ) ( 0.5 m ) FAB = 0

FAB = 3.924 kN
w = ( 250 kg ) ( 9.81 N/kg ) = 2452.5 N = 2.4525 kN
FBD link BE:
M E = 0:
( 0.68 m )( 3.924 kN ) ( 0.54 m )
80 FCD 89
FCD = 7.682 kN FCD = 7.68 kN C
39 + ( 0.35 m ) FCD = 0, 89
FBD top blad
(b)
FBD Entire linkage:
M G = 0:
( 2.5 m ) ( 2.4525 kN )
+ ( 0.2 m ) 1 1 FGH ( 0.6 m ) FGH = 0, 2 2 FFH = 21.677 kN, FFH = 21.7 kN C

\
FBD Central Gear:
By symmetry: F1 = F2 = F3 = F
M A = 0: FBD Gear C: M C = 0: rB ( F F4 ) = 0, F4 = F 3 ( rA F ) 15 N m = 0, F = 5 Nm rA
Fx = 0: Fy = 0:
C x = 0 C y 2 F = 0, C y = 2 F
Gears B and D are analogous, each having a central force of 2F

FBD Spider:
M A = 0:
75 N m 3 ( rA + rB ) 2 F = 0 25 N m ( rA + rB ) 10 Nm = 0 rA rB = 1.5 rA (a) 3 ( rA + 2rB ) F M E = 0 3 ( 24 mm + 72 mm ) (b) 5 Nm ME = 0 24 mm rB = 36.0 mm !
rA + rB r = 2.5 = 1 + B , rA rA
FBD Outer gear:
Since
rA = 24 mm,
M A = 0:
M E = 60.0 N m

FBD Gear A: looking from C (a)
M A = 15 lb ft M A = 0:
rA = 4 in. P= M A 180 lb in. = rA 4 in.
M A P rA = 0
P = 45 lb
FBD Gear B: looking from F
M B = 0:
M 0 rB P = 0
M 0 = rB P = ( 2.5 in.)( 45 lb ) = 112.5 lb in.
M 0 = 112.5 lb in. i !
FBD ABC: looking down
(b) M B = 0: Fz = 0:
FBD BEG:
( 2 in.)( 45 lb ) ( 5 in.) C
45 lb B + 18 lb = 0
=0
C = 18 lb k
B = 63 lb k F = 18 lb k
By analogy, using FBD DEF Fz = 0:
E = 63 lb k
Gz + 63 lb 63 lb = 0 Gz = 0
Fy = 0 M G = 0
Gy = 0 M G ( 6.5 in.)( 63 lb ) = 0
M G = ( 410 lb in.) i !
FBD CFH:
F = 0: M H = 0 M H = ( 6.5 in.)(18 lb ) = 117 lb in. Hz = H y = 0
M G = (117.0 lb in.) i !

Note: The couples exerted by the two yokes on the crosspiece must be equal and opposite. Since neither yoke can exert a couple along the arm of the crosspiece it contacts, these equal and opposite couples must be normal to the plane of the crosspiece. If the crosspiece arm attached to shaft CF is horizontal, the plane of the crosspiece is normal to shaft AC, so couple M C is along AC. FBDs shafts with yokes:
(a)
FBD CDE:
M x = 0:
M C cos30 50 N m = 0
M C = 57.735 N m M A = 57.7 N m
B=0
FBD BC: M x = 0: M A M C = 0
(b)
M C = 0: M A i + ( 0.5 m ) Bz j ( 0.5 m ) By k = 0 F = 0: B + C = 0
so C=0 FBD CDF : M Dy = 0: ( 0.6 m ) Ez + ( 57.735 N m ) sin 30 = 0 E z = 48.1 N k Fx = 0: Ex = 0 M Dz = 0: ( 0.6 m ) E y = 0
F = 0: C + D + E = 0
0
Ey = 0
so E = ( 48.1 N ) k D = E = ( 48.1 N ) k

Note: The couples exerted by the two yokes on the crosspiece must be equal and opposite. Since neither yoke can exert a couple along the arm of the crosspiece it contacts, these equal and opposite couples must be normal to the plane of the crosspiece. If the crosspiece arm attached to CF is vertical, the plane of the crosspiece is normal to CF, so the couple M C is along CF.
(a)
FBD CDE: FBD BC:
M x = 0: M C 50 N m = 0 M x = 0: M A M C cos 30 = 0
M C = 50 N m M A = ( 50 N m ) cos 30 M A = 43.3 N m
(b)
M Cy = 0: M C sin 30 + ( 0.5 m ) Bz = 0
M Cz = 0: ( 0.5 m ) By = 0 F = 0: B + C = 0 By = 0 so
Bz =
( 50 N m )( 0.5)
0.5 m
= 50 N
so B = ( 50.0 N ) k
C = B
C = ( 50 N ) k on BC
4 Ez = ( 50 N ) = 33.3 N 6
FBD CDE:
M Dy = 0: ( 0.4 m ) C z ( 0.6 m ) Ez = 0 M Dz = 0: E y = 0 Fx = 0: Ex = 0
so E = ( 33.3 N ) k
F = 0: C + D + E = 0
( 50 N ) k + D ( 33.3 N ) k = 0
D = ( 83.3 N ) k

FBD Joint A: By inspection of FBD of entire device, FA = w = 1500 lb
By symmetry, FAB = FAC

Fy = 0: 1 FAC = 0, 1500 lb 2 5
Dx Fx 2 750 5 lb = 0, 5
FAC = 750 5 lb
FBD CDF:
Fx = 0:
Dx Fx = 1500 lb
Fy = 0: Fy D y + 1 750 5 lb = 0, 5
(1)
Dy Fy = 750 lb
M D = 0:
(2)
FBD EF:
1 2 (4.6 ft) 750 5 lb + ( 0.6 ft ) 750 5 lb 5 5
(1 ft ) Fy ( 3.6 ft ) Fx = 0, 3.6 Fx + Fy = 4350 lb By symmetry: Ex = Dx ,

Hy = Jy = M F = 0:
(3) (4), (5)

H y = 750 lb
!
E y = Dy
w = 750 lb, 2
( 3 ft ) E y ( 3.6 ft ) Ex (1 ft ) H y + ( 0.6 ft )( 750 lb ) = 0

3.6Ex 3E y + H y = 450 lb (6)
Fx = 0:
Dx + Fx H x = 0,
(7)
Solving Eqns, (1)(7), on EFH
Fx = 540 lb Fy = 2410 lb E x = 2040 lb E y = 3160 lb H x = 2580 lb H y = 750 lb
!
! ! ! ! !

FBD Truss:
M E = 0: ( 9 ft ) Fy ( 6.75 ft )( 4 kips ) (13.5 ft )( 4 kips ) = 0

Fy = 9 kips Fy = 0: E y + 9 kips = 0 E y = 9 kips
Fx = 0: Ex + 4 kips + 4 kips = 0 By inspection of joint E:

Joint FBDs: Joint F:
E x = 8 kips
FEC = 9.00 kips T ! FEF = 8.00 kips T !
By inspection of joint B:
FAB = 0 ! FBD = 0 !
Fx = 0:
Joint C:
4 FCF 8 kips = 0 5
FCF = 10.00 kips C !
Fy = 0: FDF
3 (10 kips) = 0 5
FDF = 6.00 kips T !
Fx = 0: 4 kips
4 (10 kips ) + FCD = 0 5 FCD = 4.00 kips T !
Fy = 0: FAC 9 kips +
3 (10 kips ) = 0 5 FAC = 3.00 kips T !
Joint A:
Fx = 0: 4 kips
4 FAD = 0 5
FAD = 5.00 kips C !

FBD Truss: M A = 0: ( 6 ft ) 6Ly 3 ( 0.5 kip ) 2 (1 kip ) 1(1 kip ) = 0 L y = 0.75 kip Inspection of joints K , J , and I , in order, shows that
FJK = 0 !
FIJ = 0 ! FHI = 0 !
Joint FBDs:
and that
FIK = FKL ; FHJ = FJL and FGI = FIK
0.75 F F = JL = KL 1 8 5
FJL = 2.1213 kips
FJL = 2.12 kips C ! FKL = 1.677 kips T ! FHJ = 2.12 kips C !
FKL = 1.6771 kips

and, from above:
FGI = FIK = 1.677 kips T !

Fx = 0: Fy = 0: 2 1 ( FFH + FGH ) ( 2.1213 kips ) = 0 5 2 1 1 ( FGH + FFH ) + ( 2.1213 kips ) = 0 5 2
Solving:
FFH = 2.516 kips FGH = 0.8383 kips
FFH = 2.52 kips C ! FGH = 0.838 kips T !
Fx = 0:
2 ( FDF 2.516 kips ) = 0 5 1 ( 2 )( 2.516 kips ) = 0 5
FDF = 2.52 kips C
Fy = 0: FFG 0.5 kip +
FFG = 1.750 kips T !

FBD Truss:
M F = 0: (10 m ) G y ( 7.5 m )( 80 kN ) ( 8 m )( 30 kN ) = 0
G y = 84 kN
Fx = 0: Fx + 30 kN = 0 Fy = 0: Fy + 84 kN 80 kN = 0 By inspection of joint G:
Fx = 30 kN Fy = 4 kN
FEG = 0 !
FCG = 84 kN C !
Joint FBDs:
84 kN F F = CE = AC = 10.5 kN 8 61 29
FCE = 82.0 kN T ! FAC = 56.5 kN C !
Fy = 0:
2 6 FAE + (82.0 kN ) 80 kN = 0 5 61
FAE = 19.01312
FAE = 19.01 kN T !
Fx = 0: FDE
1 (19.013 kN ) + 5
5 (82.0 kN ) = 0 61
FDE = 43.99 kN
FDE = 44.0 kN T !
Fx = 0:
1 FDF 30 kN = 0 5
FDF = 67.082 kN
2 ( 67.082 kN ) FBF 4 kN = 0 5
FDF = 67.1 kN T !
Fy = 0:
FBF = 56.00 kN
Fx = 0: 30 kN + Fy = 0: 56 kN 5 FBD 61 6 FBD 61 5 FAB = 0 29 3 FAB = 0 29
FBF = 56.0 kN C !
Solving:
FBD = 42.956 kN FAB = 61.929 kN
FBD = 43.0 kN T ! FAB = 61.9 kN C !
Fy = 0:
6 2 ( 42.956 N ) + ( FAD 67.082 N ) = 0 61 5
FAD = 30.157 kN
FAD = 30.2 N T !

FBD Truss:
Fx = 0: A x = 0 By load symmetry, A y = I y = 8 kips
FBD Section:
M D = 0:
( 7 ft )( 2 kips 8 kips ) + ( 3 ft ) ( FCE ) = 0

FCE = 14 kips FCE = 14.00 kips T
M E = 0:
( 7 ft ) 1( 4 kips ) + 2 ( 2 kips 8 kips )
( 4.5 ft )
FDF =
7 FDF = 0 51.25
8 51.25 kips 4.5
FDF = 12.73 kips C 1.5 8 51.25 kips 51.25 4.5 3 FDE = 0 58
Fy = 0: 8 kips 2 kips 4 kips + FDE = 1.692 kips
FDE = 1.692 kips C

FBD Section:
Note: BG =
8.4 ( 2.7 m ) = 1.89 m 12.0
M A = 0:
( 2.7 m ) FFG ( 3.6 m )(8 kN ) ( 7.8 m )(8 kN ) (12 m )( 4 kN ) = 0

FFG = 51.56 kN FFG = 51.6 kN C
M G = 0:
(1.89 m )
12 FAB ( 4.2 m )( 8 kN ) ( 8.4 m )( 4 kN ) = 0 12.3 FAB = 36.44 kN FAB = 36.4 kN T 3 FAG = 0 5 FAG = 20.0 kN T
M D = 0:
( 4.2 m )(8 kN ) + (8.4 m )(8 kN ) ( 8.4 m )

FBD Truss:
M A = 0:
FBD Section:
( 24 ft ) K x (18 ft )( 2 kips ) ( 36 ft )( 2 kips ) = 0

K x = 4.5 kips
M F = 0:
(12 ft )( 4.5 kips ) (18 ft )( 2 kips ) ( 36 ft )( 2 kips ) + ( 36 ft ) FEJ = 0

FEJ = 1.500 kips T
M J = 0:
(18 ft )( 2 kips ) + (12 ft )( 4.5 kips ) ( 36 ft ) FAF
=0 FAF = 2.50 kips T

FBD Frame:
M F = 0:
(10.8 ft ) Ay (12 ft )( 4.5 kips ) = 0

A y = 5.00 kips
Fx = 0:
FBD member ABC:
Ax + 4.5 kips = 0
A x = 4.50 kips
Note: BE is a two-force member M C = 0:
(12 ft ) FBE + (10.8 ft )( 5 kips ) (18 ft )( 4.5 kips ) = 0

FBE = 2.25 kips
Fx = 0:
Cx + 2.25 kips 4.5 kips = 0

C x = 2.25 kips
Fy = 0:
C y 5 kips = 0
C y = 5.00 kips

FBD Frame:
M E = 0:
( 3.75 in.) Bx + (8.75 in.)( 75 lb ) = 0

B x = 175.0 lb
Bx = 175 lb Fx = 0: Fy = 0:
FBD member ACE:
Ex Bx = 0 E y + By 75 lb = 0
E x = 175.0 lb
By = 75 lb E y
M C = 0:
(1.25 in.)( 75 lb ) + ( 3.75 in.)(175 lb ) ( 4.5 in.) E y = 0

E y = 125.0 lb
Thus
By = 75 lb 125 lb = 50 lb
B y = 50.0 lb

FBD Frame:
P = 15 N
M D = 0:
Q = 65 N =0
( 0.25 m )( P + Q ) (.15 m )( P + Q ) ( 0.08 m ) Ex

(b)
E x = 100.0 N
Ex = 1.2 ( P + Q ) = 100 N Fx = 0:
Dx Ex = 0 = Dx 100 N (a)
Dx = 100 N
D x = 100.0 N
Fy = 0:
FBD member BF:
E y Dy 2P 2Q = 0 E y = D y + 2 ( P + Q ) = Dy + 160 N
M C = 0:
( 0.15 m )( 65 N ) ( 0.1 m ) Dy ( 0.04 m )(100 N )

( 0.25 m )(15 N ) = 0 Dy = 20 N (a)
D y = 20.0 N
From above
E y = 20 N + 160 N = 180 N (b) E y = 180.0 N Fx = 0: C x + 100 N = 0 (a) Fy = 0:

C x = 100.0 N
65 N + C y 20 N 15 N = 0 (a)
C y = 100.0 N

Member FBDs: FBD I:
M C = 0:
R ( FBD sin 30 )
R (1 cos 30 ) ( 200 N ) R ( 100 N ) = 0
FBD = 253.6 N Fx = 0:
(b)
FBD = 254 N T
C x + ( 253.6 N ) cos 30 = 0
C x = 219.6 N
Fy = 0:
C y + ( 253.6 N ) sin 30 200 N 100 N = 0 (c) so C = 280 N

38.3
C y = 173.2 N
FBD II:
M A = 0:
aP a ( 253.6 N ) cos 30 = 0
(a)
P = 220 N

FBD jaw AB:
Fx = 0: Bx = 0 M B = 0:
( 0.01 m ) G ( 0.03 m ) A = 0
A= G 3
Fy = 0:
A + G By = 0 By = A + G = 4G 3
FBD handle ACE:
By symmetry and FBD jaw DE: D = A = E y = By = M C = 0:
G , Ex = Bx = 0, 3 4G 3 G 4G ( 0.015 m ) =0 3 3
G = 1680 N
( 0.105 m )( 240 N ) + ( 0.015 m )
Note: By symmetry the vertical components of pin forces C and D are zero.
FBD handle ACF: (not to scale)
Fy = 0: M C = 0: Fx = 0:
Ay = 0
(13.5 in.)( 20 lb ) (1.5 in.) Ax
= 0 Ax = 180 lb
C Ax 20 lb = 0 C = (180 + 20 ) lb = 200 lb
FBD blade DE:
M D = 0:
( 9 in.) E ( 3 in.)(180 lb ) = 0
E = 60.0 lb

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COSMOS: Complete Online Solutions Manual Organization System

FAC Cx 1700 lb = = 8 15 17 FAC = 800 lb T

COSMOS: Complete Online Solutions Manual Organization System

Joint FBDs: Joint B:

4 12 (3.00 kN) FAC = 0 5 13 FAC = 13 kN 5 FAC = 2.60 kN T !

COSMOS: Complete Online Solutions Manual Organization System

3 12 FAC (1170 lb ) = 0 5 13 FAC = 1800 lb C

COSMOS: Complete Online Solutions Manual Organization System

FCD FAD 500 lb = = 8.4 11.6 8 FAD = 725 lb T FCD = 525 lb C

FBC 525 lb = 0 FBC = 525 lb C

This is apparent by inspection, as is FAC = C y

8.4 3 (725 lb) FAB 375 lb = 0 11.6 5 FAB = 250lb T

4 8 (250 lb) (725 lb) = 0 5 11.6 FAC = 700 lb C

COSMOS: Complete Online Solutions Manual Organization System

Joint FBDs: Joint B:

3 FAC = 0 5 4 FAC + FCD = 0 5

FAC = 10.00 kN C FCD = 2.00 kN T

FAE = FAB = 6.71 kN T FAD = FAC = 10.00 kN C FDE = FBC = 6.00 kN C

COSMOS: Complete Online Solutions Manual Organization System

(10.2 m ) C y + ( 2.4 m )(15 kN ) ( 3.2 m )( 49.5 kN ) = 0

Joint FBDs: Joint FBDs: Joint C:

FAD = 40.625 kN;

COSMOS: Complete Online Solutions Manual Organization System

3 FAD 9 kN = 0 5 FAD = 15.00 kN T 4 (15 kN) 4 kN = 0 5 FCD = 16.00 kN C

COSMOS: Complete Online Solutions Manual Organization System

FAC FAD 12 kips = = 5 13 12 FAC = 5.00 kips C FAD = 13.00 kips T

12 (13 kips) 18 kips = 0 13 FCD = 30.0 kips C

5 (13 kips) FDF = 0 13 FDF = 5.00 kips T

12 FCF = 0 13 FCF = 32.5 kips T 5 (32.5 kips) 13 FCE = 17.50 kips C

COSMOS: Complete Online Solutions Manual Organization System

then, by inspection of joint C:

then, by inspection of joint G:

then, by inspection of joint B:

FCD FDH 10 kips = = 12 13 5

FCD = 24.0 kips T ! FDH = 26.0 kips C !

and, from above:

FAB = FBC = 24.0 kips T ! FGH = FFG = 26.0 kips C !

FAF = 30.0 kips C ! FAE = 25.6 kips T !

12 (26 kips) = 0 13 FEF = 24.0 kips C !

COSMOS: Complete Online Solutions Manual Organization System

Chapter 6, Solution 10.

Joint FBDs: Joint A:

FCE = FEG = FGH = 4.00 kips T

4 4 10 (5 kips) FBE FBD = 0 5 5 109 3 3 3 FBD + FBE = 0 ( 5 kips ) 2 5 5 109

COSMOS: Complete Online Solutions Manual Organization System

Chapter 6, Solution 11.

Joint FBDs: Joint A:

21 29 kN FBD = 0 5.80 kN + 29 20 FBD = 5.25 kN C FDF = 5.25 kN C 21 FEF = 0 29 FEF = 7.25 kN T

from above, Fx = 0: 5.25 kN

20 (7.25 kN) 1 kN = 0 29 FFG = 6.00 kN C FEG = 0

COSMOS: Complete Online Solutions Manual Organization System

Chapter 6, Solution 12.

Joint FBDs: Joint A:

5 4 FAC FAB = 0 5 29 2 3 FAC FAB + 4.9 kN = 0 5 29

4 1 FBC = 0 (17.5 kN FBD ) 5 2 3 1 FBC 2.8 kN = 0 (17.5 kN FBD ) + 5 2 FBD = 15.50 kN C

FBC = 1.6 2 kN;

FEG = 17.50 kN C FFG = 15.08 kN T

FDE = 15.50 kN C FDF = 9.00 kN T

COSMOS: Complete Online Solutions Manual Organization System

Chapter 6, Solution 13.

Ay 2.8 kN 4.2 kN + 2.8 kN = 0

FAB = 15.00 kN C ! FAC = 2.4 29

4 1 FBC = 0 (15.00 kN FBD ) 5 2 3 1 FBC 2.8 kN = 0 (15.00 kN FBD ) + 5 2 FBD = 13.00 kN C !

FBC = 1.6 2 kN,